Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i630240
Rafiya Munshi, A. Iqbal
All living organisms may act as host to a wide range of viruses, and can infect the human body causing severe illness or even death. Viruses have often been important in burdening infections and other illnesses and require special attention because of their different behaviour as compared to bacteria. Two highly pathogenic corona-viruses—severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)—supposed to be emerged from an wet market in china resulted in a global epidemic which took a tool on human lives and currently also the world is fighting a deadliest viral infection caused by a small pathogen possibly transmitted through the food chain in a wet market again in china. The environment is the reservoirs for many of these viruses and any human handling of animals carrying such viruses finds an easy route into human body. Besides, there had been various food borne outbreaks throughout the world due to contaminated agricultural produce, packaging, processed foods or through infected food handlers. Such incidents have prioritized the need for effective control measures, intensified research and risk assessment measures in controlling such outbreaks. This review highlights a brief description of viral transmissions, virus and human gut response and preventable strategies in the food chain to contain such infections.
{"title":"Emergence of Viral Infections through Food Supply Chain: A Review","authors":"Rafiya Munshi, A. Iqbal","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i630240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i630240","url":null,"abstract":"All living organisms may act as host to a wide range of viruses, and can infect the human body causing severe illness or even death. Viruses have often been important in burdening infections and other illnesses and require special attention because of their different behaviour as compared to bacteria. Two highly pathogenic corona-viruses—severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)—supposed to be emerged from an wet market in china resulted in a global epidemic which took a tool on human lives and currently also the world is fighting a deadliest viral infection caused by a small pathogen possibly transmitted through the food chain in a wet market again in china. The environment is the reservoirs for many of these viruses and any human handling of animals carrying such viruses finds an easy route into human body. Besides, there had been various food borne outbreaks throughout the world due to contaminated agricultural produce, packaging, processed foods or through infected food handlers. Such incidents have prioritized the need for effective control measures, intensified research and risk assessment measures in controlling such outbreaks. This review highlights a brief description of viral transmissions, virus and human gut response and preventable strategies in the food chain to contain such infections.","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"55 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91401361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530230
Ola Oluwaseun Ife, O. Amoniyan, S. Opaleye
This study was aim to evaluate the physical properties of wheat-tiger nut flour mixes and physical, proximate and sensory attribute of pancakes developed from wheat-tiger nut flour mixes. Fresh yellow variety of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) tubers and other ingredients used for this research were purchased from the Isara market, Saapade, Ogun State, Nigeria. The tiger nut seed were sorted, soaked and germinated for 48 hrs, dried and processed into flour. Pancakes were prepared after incorporation of 10, 20, and 30% of germinated tiger nut flour. The water absorption capacity and solubility values ranged from 44.66 g/ml – 53.00 g/ml and 3.96-8.06% respectively. The result of the swelling power and bulk density varied from 295.00-337.66% and 497.51 kg/m3 - 555.55 kg/m3. The result of the proximate composition of the pancake showed that the protein, moisture, fat, ash and crude fiber increased significantly (p = 0.05) while the carbohydrate contents decreased significantly with an increase in the germinated tiger nut flour substitution. The protein values ranged from 11.91 – 21.75 with sample D having the highest value of protein at substitution level of 30% germinated tiger nut flour compared to the control sample A. The physical properties of the pancake viz thickness, diameter and spread factor ranged from 2.10-10.00 mm, 111.33-158.66 mm, 111.00-757.14 mm respectively. Sensory data indicated that the pancake produced from germinated tiger nut flour with 30% was acceptable. In conclusion, this study has shown that the use of tiger nut can be considered as a potential ingredient in baking and production of high protein and high fiber products. Nevertheless, it is important to consume snacks with other protein-rich diets to supplement the reduction resulted from substitution.
{"title":"Evaluation and Quality Assessment of Pancakes Produced from Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Germinated Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus) Composite Flour","authors":"Ola Oluwaseun Ife, O. Amoniyan, S. Opaleye","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530230","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aim to evaluate the physical properties of wheat-tiger nut flour mixes and physical, proximate and sensory attribute of pancakes developed from wheat-tiger nut flour mixes. Fresh yellow variety of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) tubers and other ingredients used for this research were purchased from the Isara market, Saapade, Ogun State, Nigeria. The tiger nut seed were sorted, soaked and germinated for 48 hrs, dried and processed into flour. Pancakes were prepared after incorporation of 10, 20, and 30% of germinated tiger nut flour. \u0000The water absorption capacity and solubility values ranged from 44.66 g/ml – 53.00 g/ml and 3.96-8.06% respectively. The result of the swelling power and bulk density varied from 295.00-337.66% and 497.51 kg/m3 - 555.55 kg/m3. The result of the proximate composition of the pancake showed that the protein, moisture, fat, ash and crude fiber increased significantly (p = 0.05) while the carbohydrate contents decreased significantly with an increase in the germinated tiger nut flour substitution. The protein values ranged from 11.91 – 21.75 with sample D having the highest value of protein at substitution level of 30% germinated tiger nut flour compared to the control sample A. The physical properties of the pancake viz thickness, diameter and spread factor ranged from 2.10-10.00 mm, 111.33-158.66 mm, 111.00-757.14 mm respectively. Sensory data indicated that the pancake produced from germinated tiger nut flour with 30% was acceptable. In conclusion, this study has shown that the use of tiger nut can be considered as a potential ingredient in baking and production of high protein and high fiber products. Nevertheless, it is important to consume snacks with other protein-rich diets to supplement the reduction resulted from substitution.","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"231 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89069929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530229
J. Girija, S. Kamalasundari, G. Hemalatha, T. Maheswari
Lactose intolerance is the most common digestive disorder caused by the inability to digest the lactose in milk. Lactose intolerance may lead to reduced bone density when accompanied by avoidance of dairy. The only treatment ever known for lactose intolerance is lactose-free food. Thus keeping this in view the objective is to develop the plant based beverage mix for lactose intolerance people using functional ingredients viz., ragi (Eleusine coracana) milk powder, green banana and ginger. The techniques used for processing the ragi milk powder are soaking, extraction of milk, dehydration, milling and roasting. Control was developed by using skimmed milk powder, green banana and ginger and in test treatment ragi milk powder was added. The developed product was analyzed for microstructure, physical, functional and sensory evaluated. The developed beverage mix was allowed for proximate nutrient analysis. The result revealed that the ragi milk powder containing treatment was acceptable in terms of all sensory attributes when compared to control. The microstructure analysis result revealed that the structure of test sample was very small and polygonal in shape whereas the control sample had large particle size and round smooth surface. The beverage mix had good protein, high calcium, low fat and no lactose. It may be concluded that the developed beverage mix is a lactose free functional food which is suitable for lactose intolerance and also calcium deficient people with improved nutritional content and reduced phytochemical content without any negative impact on sensory attributes.
{"title":"Development of Functional Calcium Rich Beverage Mix for Lactose Intolerance People","authors":"J. Girija, S. Kamalasundari, G. Hemalatha, T. Maheswari","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530229","url":null,"abstract":"Lactose intolerance is the most common digestive disorder caused by the inability to digest the lactose in milk. Lactose intolerance may lead to reduced bone density when accompanied by avoidance of dairy. The only treatment ever known for lactose intolerance is lactose-free food. Thus keeping this in view the objective is to develop the plant based beverage mix for lactose intolerance people using functional ingredients viz., ragi (Eleusine coracana) milk powder, green banana and ginger. The techniques used for processing the ragi milk powder are soaking, extraction of milk, dehydration, milling and roasting. Control was developed by using skimmed milk powder, green banana and ginger and in test treatment ragi milk powder was added. The developed product was analyzed for microstructure, physical, functional and sensory evaluated. The developed beverage mix was allowed for proximate nutrient analysis. The result revealed that the ragi milk powder containing treatment was acceptable in terms of all sensory attributes when compared to control. The microstructure analysis result revealed that the structure of test sample was very small and polygonal in shape whereas the control sample had large particle size and round smooth surface. The beverage mix had good protein, high calcium, low fat and no lactose. It may be concluded that the developed beverage mix is a lactose free functional food which is suitable for lactose intolerance and also calcium deficient people with improved nutritional content and reduced phytochemical content without any negative impact on sensory attributes.","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89292623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-17DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530228
T. Sakthi, V. Meenakshi, S. Kanchana, S. Vellaikumar
Peanut (Araches hypogea) is an important oilseed crop originated from South Africa, while India representing one of its leading producer nearly 14% of world peanut production. Now a days some of the lifestyle changes and medical issues like cow’s milk allergy, lactose intolerance and hypercholesterolemia people were shifted into plant based nondairy beverages. Peanut milk was developed from two different peanut varieties viz., TNAU CO-6 and local variety. Proximate composition of local and TNAU CO 6 variety of peanut was analyzed and the carbohydrates, protein, fat was high in TNAU CO 6 peanut variety and its value was 26.7 (g/100g), 27.8 (g/100g), 38(g/100g) when compared to local variety, its value was 25.2 (g/100g), 24.7 (g/100g), 39(g/100g) respectively. Peanut milk was extracted by five different processing method: fresh soaking, blanching, roasting and germination methods in both local and TNAU CO 6 variety. Peanut milk prepared without any treatments and processing was considered as a control peanut milk. Among the different treatment, the best treatment was selected based on sensory scores in each processing methods of both peanut varieties. Among these different treatments blanching method B1 (2mins) was best in local variety, B2(3 mins) was best in CO 6 variety. In roasting method R2 (roasting for 5 mins and soaking for 3 hrs), soaking method S2(3 hrs soaking), germination method G1(8 hrs germinated) was best treatment in both the selected peanut varieties. Based on the observation and sensory evaluation, the result showed that among these five processing methods roasting method was the best method for the peanut milk extraction and its physiochemical properties were analyzed in both the varieties of prepared peanut milk among these CO 6 variety peanut milk had good result and better acceptability.
花生(Araches hypogea)是一种重要的油籽作物，原产于南非，而印度是其主要生产国之一，占世界花生产量的近14%。现在，一些生活方式的改变和医学问题，如牛奶过敏、乳糖不耐症和高胆固醇血症，人们转向了植物性非乳制品饮料。花生奶是由两种不同的花生品种，即TNAU CO-6和当地品种开发的。分析了本地花生和TNAU CO 6花生品种的近似组成，TNAU CO 6花生品种的碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪含量较高，分别为26.7 (g/100g)、27.8 (g/100g)、38(g/100g)，而本地花生品种的碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪含量分别为25.2 (g/100g)、24.7 (g/100g)、39(g/100g)。采用五种不同的加工方法:新鲜浸泡法、焯水法、烘烤法和发芽法提取花生奶。未经任何处理和加工的花生奶被认为是对照花生奶。在不同处理中，根据两个花生品种各加工方法的感官评分选择最佳处理。不同处理中，B1 (2min)处理对地方品种效果最好，B2(3min)处理对co6品种效果最好。两种花生品种均以烘烤方法R2(烘烤5 min，浸泡3 h)、浸泡方法S2(浸泡3 h)和发芽方法G1(发芽8 h)处理效果最佳。通过观察和感官评价，结果表明，在5种加工方法中，焙烧法是提取花生奶的最佳方法，并对其理化性质进行了分析，制备的花生奶在这两种CO 6品种中效果较好，可接受性较好。
{"title":"Study on Standardisation and Quality Evaluation of Peanut Milk by Different Processing Methods","authors":"T. Sakthi, V. Meenakshi, S. Kanchana, S. Vellaikumar","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i530228","url":null,"abstract":"Peanut (Araches hypogea) is an important oilseed crop originated from South Africa, while India representing one of its leading producer nearly 14% of world peanut production. Now a days some of the lifestyle changes and medical issues like cow’s milk allergy, lactose intolerance and hypercholesterolemia people were shifted into plant based nondairy beverages. Peanut milk was developed from two different peanut varieties viz., TNAU CO-6 and local variety. Proximate composition of local and TNAU CO 6 variety of peanut was analyzed and the carbohydrates, protein, fat was high in TNAU CO 6 peanut variety and its value was 26.7 (g/100g), 27.8 (g/100g), 38(g/100g) when compared to local variety, its value was 25.2 (g/100g), 24.7 (g/100g), 39(g/100g) respectively. Peanut milk was extracted by five different processing method: fresh soaking, blanching, roasting and germination methods in both local and TNAU CO 6 variety. Peanut milk prepared without any treatments and processing was considered as a control peanut milk. Among the different treatment, the best treatment was selected based on sensory scores in each processing methods of both peanut varieties. Among these different treatments blanching method B1 (2mins) was best in local variety, B2(3 mins) was best in CO 6 variety. In roasting method R2 (roasting for 5 mins and soaking for 3 hrs), soaking method S2(3 hrs soaking), germination method G1(8 hrs germinated) was best treatment in both the selected peanut varieties. Based on the observation and sensory evaluation, the result showed that among these five processing methods roasting method was the best method for the peanut milk extraction and its physiochemical properties were analyzed in both the varieties of prepared peanut milk among these CO 6 variety peanut milk had good result and better acceptability.","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80682887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330200
Å. Andreassen, P. Brandtzæg, M. Finne, A. Holck, A. Jevnaker, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg, R. Vikse
In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) has been requested by the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) and the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to conduct final food/feed and environmental risk assessments for all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency and NFSA requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. Four notifications/applications for placing on the market of insect resistant genetically modified maize 1507 from Pioneer HiBreed & Dow AgroSciences (Unique Identifier DAS-Ø15Ø7-1) have been taken into account: Application EFSA/GMO/NL/2004/02 for placing on the market of insect-tolerant genetically modified maize 1507 for food use under Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 Food and food ingredients containing, consisting of or produced from maize 1507 approved since 3 March 2006 (Commission Decision 2006/197/EC) Notification C/NL/00/10 for import and processing use under Part C of Diretive 2001/18/EC. Approved for importation, processing and feed use since 3 November 2005 (Commission Decision 2005/772/EC) Application EFSA/GMO/RX/1507 for renewal of authorisation of existing products of maize 1507 under Regulation (EC) no 1829/2003 Renewing of the authorisation of existing feed products from maize 1507 granted since 17 June 2011 (Commission Decision 2011/365/EC). Notification C/ES/01/01 for cultivation, import, processing and use as any other maize (excluding food uses) under Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release of GMOs into the environment. The application is still pending for authorisation. Genetically modified maize 1507 has previously been assessed as food and feed by the VKM GMO Panel commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority in connection with the EFSA official hearing of the application EFSA/GMO/NL/2004/02 in 2004 (VKM 2004). Maize 1507 has also been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as a component of several stacked GM maize events under Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 (VKM 2005b, 2007a,b, 2008a,b, 2009a,b, 2012a,b,c, 2013 a,b,c,d,e). The food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the GM maize 1507 is based on information provided by the applicant in the notifications C/ES/01/01 and C/NL/00/10 and the applications EFSA/GMO/NL/2004/02 and EFSA/GMO/RX/1507, previous risk assessments performed by the VKM GMO Panel and scientific opinions and comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment is also based on a risk analysis report of 1507 from
{"title":"Food/Feed and Environmental Risk Assessment of Insect Resistant Genetically Modified Maize 1507 for Cultivation, Import, Processing, Food and Feed Uses under Directive 2001/18/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (C/ES/01/01, C/NL/00/10, EFSA/GMO/NL/2004/02)","authors":"Å. Andreassen, P. Brandtzæg, M. Finne, A. Holck, A. Jevnaker, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg, R. Vikse","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330200","url":null,"abstract":"In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) has been requested by the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) and the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to conduct final food/feed and environmental risk assessments for all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency and NFSA requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. \u0000 Four notifications/applications for placing on the market of insect resistant genetically modified maize 1507 from Pioneer HiBreed & Dow AgroSciences (Unique Identifier DAS-Ø15Ø7-1) have been taken into account: \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Application EFSA/GMO/NL/2004/02 for placing on the market of insect-tolerant genetically modified maize 1507 for food use under Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 Food and food ingredients containing, consisting of or produced from maize 1507 approved since 3 March 2006 (Commission Decision 2006/197/EC) \u0000Notification C/NL/00/10 for import and processing use under Part C of Diretive 2001/18/EC. Approved for importation, processing and feed use since 3 November 2005 (Commission Decision 2005/772/EC) \u0000Application EFSA/GMO/RX/1507 for renewal of authorisation of existing products of maize 1507 under Regulation (EC) no 1829/2003 Renewing of the authorisation of existing feed products from maize 1507 granted since 17 June 2011 (Commission Decision 2011/365/EC). \u0000Notification C/ES/01/01 for cultivation, import, processing and use as any other maize (excluding food uses) under Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release of GMOs into the environment. The application is still pending for authorisation. \u0000 \u0000 Genetically modified maize 1507 has previously been assessed as food and feed by the VKM GMO Panel commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority in connection with the EFSA official hearing of the application EFSA/GMO/NL/2004/02 in 2004 (VKM 2004). Maize 1507 has also been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as a component of several stacked GM maize events under Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 (VKM 2005b, 2007a,b, 2008a,b, 2009a,b, 2012a,b,c, 2013 a,b,c,d,e). \u0000 The food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the GM maize 1507 is based on information provided by the applicant in the notifications C/ES/01/01 and C/NL/00/10 and the applications EFSA/GMO/NL/2004/02 and EFSA/GMO/RX/1507, previous risk assessments performed by the VKM GMO Panel and scientific opinions and comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment is also based on a risk analysis report of 1507 from","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76357238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330202
A. Andreassen, P. Brandtzæg, M. Finne, A. Holck, A. Jevnaker, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg
In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) has been requested by the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) and the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to conduct final food/feed and environmental risk assessments for all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency and NFSA requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. The herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize GA21 from Syngenta Seeds (Unique Identifier MON-ØØØ21-9) is authorised for the import and placing on the market as food or feed in the EU pursuant to Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 by the Commission Decision 2008/280/EC. An application for granting consent to all uses of GA21 maize including the cultivation was submitted by Syngenta in accordance with articles 5 and 17 of the Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 on June 30 2008. Maize GA21 has previously been assessed as food and feed by the VKM GMO Panel commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority in connection with the national finalisation of the procedure of the notification C/ES/98/01 in 2005 (VKM 2005a). VKM also participated in the 90 days public consultation of the application for placing on the market of maize GA21 for food and feed uses, import, processing and cultivation (EFSA/GMO/UK/2008/60) in 2009, and submitted a preliminary opinion in April 2010 (VKM 2010). GA21 has also been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as a component of several stacked GM maize events under and Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 (VKM 2008, VKM 2009a,b,c,d, VKM 2012a,b, VKM 2013a,b,c). Due to the publication of new scientific literature and updated guidelines for risk assessment of genetically modified plants, the VKM GMO Panel has decided to deliver an updated food/feed and environmental risk assessment of GA21. The updated food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the maize GA21 is based on information provided by the applicant in the applications EFSA/GMO/UK/2005/19, EFSA/GMO/UK/2008/60 and EFSA/GMO/RX/GA21 and scientific comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment also considered other peer-reviewed scientific literature as relevant. The VKM GMO Panel has evaluated GA21 with reference to its intended uses in the European Economic Area (EEA), and according to the principles described in the Norwegian Food Act, the Norwegian Gene Technology Act and regulations relating to impact assessment pursuant to the Gene Technology Act, Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release int
{"title":"Food/Feed and Environmental Risk Assessment of Insect-resistant and Herbicide-tolerant Genetically Modified Maize GA21 from Syngenta Seeds for Food and Feed Uses, Import and Processing under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (EFSA/GMO/UK/2005/19)","authors":"A. Andreassen, P. Brandtzæg, M. Finne, A. Holck, A. Jevnaker, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330202","url":null,"abstract":"In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) has been requested by the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) and the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to conduct final food/feed and environmental risk assessments for all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency and NFSA requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. \u0000 The herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize GA21 from Syngenta Seeds (Unique Identifier MON-ØØØ21-9) is authorised for the import and placing on the market as food or feed in the EU pursuant to Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 by the Commission Decision 2008/280/EC. An application for granting consent to all uses of GA21 maize including the cultivation was submitted by Syngenta in accordance with articles 5 and 17 of the Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 on June 30 2008. \u0000 Maize GA21 has previously been assessed as food and feed by the VKM GMO Panel commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority in connection with the national finalisation of the procedure of the notification C/ES/98/01 in 2005 (VKM 2005a). VKM also participated in the 90 days public consultation of the application for placing on the market of maize GA21 for food and feed uses, import, processing and cultivation (EFSA/GMO/UK/2008/60) in 2009, and submitted a preliminary opinion in April 2010 (VKM 2010). GA21 has also been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as a component of several stacked GM maize events under and Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 (VKM 2008, VKM 2009a,b,c,d, VKM 2012a,b, VKM 2013a,b,c). Due to the publication of new scientific literature and updated guidelines for risk assessment of genetically modified plants, the VKM GMO Panel has decided to deliver an updated food/feed and environmental risk assessment of GA21. \u0000 The updated food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the maize GA21 is based on information provided by the applicant in the applications EFSA/GMO/UK/2005/19, EFSA/GMO/UK/2008/60 and EFSA/GMO/RX/GA21 and scientific comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment also considered other peer-reviewed scientific literature as relevant. \u0000 The VKM GMO Panel has evaluated GA21 with reference to its intended uses in the European Economic Area (EEA), and according to the principles described in the Norwegian Food Act, the Norwegian Gene Technology Act and regulations relating to impact assessment pursuant to the Gene Technology Act, Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release int","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73582065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330199
A. Andreassen, P. Brandtzæg, M. Finne, A. Holck, A. Jevnaker, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg
In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) has requested the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to give final opinions on all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC within the Authority’s sectoral responsibility. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has therefore, by letter dated 13 February 2013 (ref. 2012/150202), requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) to carry out scientific risk assessments of 39 GMOs and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. The genetically modified, glufosinate-tolerant oilseed rape lines MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 (Notification C/BE/96/01) are approved under Directive 2001/18/EC for import and processing, for feed and industrial purposes since 26 March 2007 (Commission Decision 2007/232/EC). In addition, processed oil from genetically modified oilseed rape derived from MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 were notified as existing food according to Art. 5 of Regulation (EC) No 258/97 on novel foods and novel food ingredients in November 1999. Existing feed and feed products containing, consisting of or produced from MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 were notified according to Articles 8 and 20 of Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 and were placed on the market in January 2000. An application for renewal of the authorisation for continued marketing of existing food, food ingredients and feed materials produced from MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 was submitted within the framework of Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 in June 2007 (EFSA/GMO/RX/MS8/RF3). In addition, an application covering food containing or consisting of, and food produced from or containing ingredients produced from oilseed rape MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 (with the exception of processed oil) was delivered by Bayer CropScience in June 2010 (EFSA/GMO/BE/2010/81). The VKM GMO Panel has previously issued a scientific opinion related to the notification C/BE/96/01 for the placing on the market of the oilseed rape lines for import, processing and feed uses (VKM 2008). The food/feed and environmental risk assessment was commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency in connection with the national finalisation of the procedure of the notification C/BE/96/01 in 2008. Due to the publication of updated guidelines for risk assessments of genetically modified plants and new scientific literature, the VKM GMO Panel has decided to deliver an updated food, feed and environmental risk assessment of oilseed r
该蛋白不具有序列相似性
{"title":"Food/Feed and Environmental Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Glufosinate-tolerant Oilseed Rape MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 for Import, Processing and Feed Uses under Directive 2001/18/EC (Notification C/BE/96/01)","authors":"A. Andreassen, P. Brandtzæg, M. Finne, A. Holck, A. Jevnaker, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330199","url":null,"abstract":"In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) has requested the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to give final opinions on all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC within the Authority’s sectoral responsibility. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has therefore, by letter dated 13 February 2013 (ref. 2012/150202), requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) to carry out scientific risk assessments of 39 GMOs and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. \u0000 The genetically modified, glufosinate-tolerant oilseed rape lines MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 (Notification C/BE/96/01) are approved under Directive 2001/18/EC for import and processing, for feed and industrial purposes since 26 March 2007 (Commission Decision 2007/232/EC). In addition, processed oil from genetically modified oilseed rape derived from MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 were notified as existing food according to Art. 5 of Regulation (EC) No 258/97 on novel foods and novel food ingredients in November 1999. Existing feed and feed products containing, consisting of or produced from MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 were notified according to Articles 8 and 20 of Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 and were placed on the market in January 2000. \u0000 An application for renewal of the authorisation for continued marketing of existing food, food ingredients and feed materials produced from MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 was submitted within the framework of Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 in June 2007 (EFSA/GMO/RX/MS8/RF3). In addition, an application covering food containing or consisting of, and food produced from or containing ingredients produced from oilseed rape MS8, RF3 and MS8 x RF3 (with the exception of processed oil) was delivered by Bayer CropScience in June 2010 (EFSA/GMO/BE/2010/81). \u0000 The VKM GMO Panel has previously issued a scientific opinion related to the notification C/BE/96/01 for the placing on the market of the oilseed rape lines for import, processing and feed uses (VKM 2008). The food/feed and environmental risk assessment was commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency in connection with the national finalisation of the procedure of the notification C/BE/96/01 in 2008. Due to the publication of updated guidelines for risk assessments of genetically modified plants and new scientific literature, the VKM GMO Panel has decided to deliver an updated food, feed and environmental risk assessment of oilseed r","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85682280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330203
Å. Andreassen, P. Brandtzæg, M. Finne, A. Holck, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg
In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) has requested the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to give final opinions on all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorised in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC within the Authority’s sectoral responsibility. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has therefore, by letter dated 13 February 2013 (ref. 2012/150202), requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) to carry out scientific risk assessments of 39 GMOs and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorised in the European Union. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. The insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize MIR604 x GA21 (Unique Identifier SYN-IR6Ø4-5 x MON-ØØØ21-9 ) from Syngenta Seeds is approved under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 for food and feed uses, import and processing since 22 December 2011 (Commission Decision 2011/892/EC). Genetically modified maize MIR604 x GA21 has previously been risk assessed by the VKM Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Norwegian Environment Agency related to the EFSAs public hearing of the application EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/48 in 2008 (VKM 2009a). In addition, MIR604 and GA21 has been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as single events and as a component of several stacked GM maize events (VKM 2005a,b, 2006, 2008, 2009b,c,d,e, 2010, 2012, 2013a,b,c,d). The food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the maize MI604 x GA21 is based on information provided by the applicant in the application EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/48, and scientific comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment also considered other peer-reviewed scientific literature as relevant. The VKM GMO Panel has evaluated MIR604 x GA21 with reference to its intended uses in the European Economic Area (EEA), and according to the principles described in the Norwegian Food Act, the Norwegian Gene Technology Act and regulations relating to impact assessment pursuant to the Gene Technology Act, Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms, and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 on genetically modified food and feed. The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety has also decided to take account of the appropriate principles described in the EFSA guidelines for the risk assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed (EFSA 2011a), the environmental risk assess
田间评价支持以下结论:与常规玉米品种相比，玉米MIR604 × GA21没有表型变化表明植物杂草/害虫潜力增加。申请人对三叠Bt11 × MIR604 × GA21进行了成分分析，而不是玉米MIR604 × GA21。对2006年在美国进行大田试验的玉米Bt11 × MIR604 × GA21和一个近等基因对照杂交种的植株材料进行了分析。除了小的间歇性变化外，在三叠和近等基因对照之间没有发现生物学上显著的成分差异。EFSA认为该研究结果同样适用于玉米MIR604 × GA21，因为玉米Bt11 × MIR604 × GA21包含玉米MIR604 × GA21的转基因特性。这符合欧洲食品安全局关于含有堆叠转化事件的转基因植物风险评估的指导文件(EFSA 2007b)。VKM转基因专家小组认为，申请人应该对玉米MIR604 × GA21进行成分分析，而不仅仅是对三叠Bt11 × MIR604 × GA21进行分析。然而，基于所有可获得的信息，包括玉米MIR604 × GA21田间试验的农艺和表型数据，一项显示与非转基因玉米营养等效的肉鸡饲养研究，以及对MIR604和GA21单一事件的评估，VKM转基因专家组得出结论，玉米MIR604 × GA21的饲料和谷物在成分上与传统玉米相当。食品和饲料风险评估:一项对肉鸡的全食物喂养研究未显示玉米MIR604 × GA21有任何不良影响，并表明玉米MIR604 × GA21在营养上与传统玉米相当。mCry3A、PMI和mEPSPS蛋白与其他已知毒素或IgE过敏原没有序列相似性，也没有报道它们引起IgE介导的过敏反应。然而，一些研究表明，哭泣蛋白在过敏反应中作为佐剂的潜在作用。根据目前的知识，VKM转基因专家小组得出结论，玉米MIR604 x GA21在营养上与传统玉米品种相当。与传统玉米相比，mCry3A、PMI或mEPSPS蛋白不太可能在基于玉米MIR604 × GA21的食品或饲料中引入毒性或致敏性。环境风险评估:申请EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/48的范围包括进口和加工用于食品和饲料用途的玉米堆MIR604 x GA21。考虑到玉米MIR604 × GA21的预期用途(不包括种植)，环境风险评估涉及在运输和加工过程中有活性的谷物意外释放到环境中，以及间接暴露，主要是通过饲喂玉米MIR604 × GA21谷物的动物的粪便和粪便。玉米MIR604 x GA21没有改变生存、繁殖或传播特性，并且没有迹象表明，在玉米MIR604 x GA21的种子意外释放到环境中的情况下，野生玉米植物传播和建立的可能性增加。玉米是玉米属在欧洲的唯一代表，在栽培之外没有杂交相容的野生或杂草亲缘种。VKM转基因生物小组认为，在挪威，基因从偶尔的野生转基因玉米植物流向传统玉米品种的风险可以忽略不计。考虑到作为食品和饲料的预期用途，转基因生物小组认为与生物和非生物环境的相互作用不是一个问题。总体结论:基于目前的知识，VKM转基因专家小组得出结论，玉米MIR604 x GA21在营养上与传统玉米品种相当。与传统玉米相比，mCry3A、PMI或mEPSPS蛋白不太可能在基于玉米MIR604 × GA21的食品或饲料中引入毒性或致敏性。VKM转基因生物小组同样得出结论，根据目前的知识，玉米MIR604 x GA21在挪威的预期用途方面与传统玉米品种的环境风险相当。
{"title":"Food/feed and Environmental Risk Assessment of Insect-resistant and Herbicide-tolerant Genetically Modified Maize MIR604 x GA21 in the European Union under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/48)","authors":"Å. Andreassen, P. Brandtzæg, M. Finne, A. Holck, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330203","url":null,"abstract":"In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) has requested the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to give final opinions on all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorised in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC within the Authority’s sectoral responsibility. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has therefore, by letter dated 13 February 2013 (ref. 2012/150202), requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) to carry out scientific risk assessments of 39 GMOs and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorised in the European Union. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. \u0000 The insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize MIR604 x GA21 (Unique Identifier SYN-IR6Ø4-5 x MON-ØØØ21-9 ) from Syngenta Seeds is approved under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 for food and feed uses, import and processing since 22 December 2011 (Commission Decision 2011/892/EC). Genetically modified maize MIR604 x GA21 has previously been risk assessed by the VKM Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Norwegian Environment Agency related to the EFSAs public hearing of the application EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/48 in 2008 (VKM 2009a). In addition, MIR604 and GA21 has been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as single events and as a component of several stacked GM maize events (VKM 2005a,b, 2006, 2008, 2009b,c,d,e, 2010, 2012, 2013a,b,c,d). \u0000 The food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the maize MI604 x GA21 is based on information provided by the applicant in the application EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/48, and scientific comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment also considered other peer-reviewed scientific literature as relevant. \u0000 The VKM GMO Panel has evaluated MIR604 x GA21 with reference to its intended uses in the European Economic Area (EEA), and according to the principles described in the Norwegian Food Act, the Norwegian Gene Technology Act and regulations relating to impact assessment pursuant to the Gene Technology Act, Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms, and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 on genetically modified food and feed. The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety has also decided to take account of the appropriate principles described in the EFSA guidelines for the risk assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed (EFSA 2011a), the environmental risk assess","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78314704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330207
A. Andreassen, P. Brandtzaeg, M. Finne, A. Holck, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg
In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) has requested the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to give final opinions on all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC within the Authority’s sectoral responsibility. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has therefore, by letter dated 13 February 2013 (ref. 2012/150202), requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) to carry out scientific risk assessments of 39 GMOs and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. The insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize Bt11 x GA21 (Unique Identifier SYN-BTØ11-1 x MON-ØØØ21-9 ) from Syngenta Seeds is approved under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 for food and feed uses, import and processing since 28 July 2010 (Commission Decision 2010/4263/EC). Genetically modified maize Bt11 x GA21 has previously been risk assessed by the VKM Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Norwegian Environment Agency related to the EFSAs public hearing of the application EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/49 in 2008 (VKM 2009a). In addition, Bt11 and GA21 has been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as single events and as a component of several stacked GM maize events (VKM 2005a,b, 2007, 2008, 2009b,c,d, 2010, 2012a,b). The food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the maize Bt11x GA21 is based on information provided by the applicant in the application EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/49, and scientific comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment also considered other peer-reviewed scientific literature as relevant. The VKM GMO Panel has evaluated Bt11 x GA21 with reference to its intended uses in the European Economic Area (EEA), and according to the principles described in the Norwegian Food Act, the Norwegian Gene Technology Act and regulations relating to impact assessment pursuant to the Gene Technology Act, Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms, and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 on genetically modified food and feed. The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety has also decided to take account of the appropriate principles described in the EFSA guidelines for the risk assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed (EFSA 2011a), the environmental risk assessment of GM plants (EFS
为了准备在法律上实施欧盟第1829/2003号法规，挪威环境署(原挪威自然管理局)要求挪威食品安全局(NFSA)就欧盟根据2001/18/EC号指令或第1829/2003/EC号法规授权的所有转基因生物(GMOs)和含有或由转基因生物组成的产品给出最终意见。因此，挪威食品安全局于2013年2月13日致函(ref. 2012/150202)，要求挪威食品安全科学委员会(VKM)对欧盟授权的39种转基因生物和含有或由转基因生物组成的产品进行科学风险评估。该请求涵盖了与《基因技术法案》相关的范围。该请求不包括VKM已经进行了最终风险评估的转基因生物。但是，原子能机构请VKM考虑是否有必要对先前提交的评估进行更新或其他修改。先正达种子公司的抗虫耐除草剂转基因玉米Bt11 x GA21(唯一标识符SYN-BTØ11-1 x MON-ØØØ21-9)根据法规(EC) No 1829/2003批准，自2010年7月28日起用于食品和饲料用途、进口和加工(委员会决定2010/4263/EC)。转基因玉米Bt11 x GA21此前已由挪威食品安全局和挪威环境署委托的VKM转基因生物小组(GMO)进行了风险评估，该小组与2008年EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/49申请的公开听证会有关(VKM 2009a)。此外，Bt11和GA21已被VKM转基因生物小组评估为单一事件和多个堆叠转基因玉米事件的组成部分(VKM 2005a,b, 2007, 2008, 2009b,c,d, 2010, 2012a,b)。玉米Bt11x GA21的食品/饲料和环境风险评估是基于申请人在申请EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/49中提供的信息，以及欧洲食品安全局和其他成员国在欧洲食品安全局网站GMO Extranet上提供的科学评论。风险评估还考虑了其他同行评审的相关科学文献。VKM转基因生物专家组参照Bt11 x GA21在欧洲经济区(EEA)的预期用途，根据挪威食品法案、挪威基因技术法案、基因技术法案、关于转基因生物故意释放到环境中的指令2001/18/EC、转基因食品和饲料法规(EC) No 1829/2003所述原则，对Bt11 x GA21进行了评估。挪威食品安全科学委员会还决定考虑欧洲食品安全局转基因植物及其衍生食品和饲料风险评估指南(EFSA 2011a)、转基因植物环境风险评估指南(EFSA 2010)、转基因植物风险评估比较指标的选择(EFSA 2011b)和转基因植物上市后环境监测指南(EFSA 2011c)中所述的适当原则。玉米Bt11x GA21的科学风险评估包括插入DNA的分子特征和新蛋白质的表达，农艺和表型特征的比较评估，营养评估，毒理学和过敏原性，对植物适应性的意外影响，基因转移的潜力，转基因植物与靶生物和非靶生物之间的相互作用以及对生物地球化学过程的影响。需要强调的是，根据挪威基因技术法案和与基因技术法案相关的影响评估法规，VKM任务不包括对可持续发展、社会效用和伦理考虑的贡献评估。因此，这些考虑因素不属于VKM转基因生物小组提供的风险评估的一部分。利用含有单事件Bt11和GA21的玉米自交系进行常规杂交，获得了转基因玉米组合Bt11 × GA21。开发F1杂交品种是为了提供对某些鳞翅目目标害虫的保护，并赋予对草铵膦和草甘膦除草剂的耐受性。分子表征:Southern blot和PCR分析表明，亲本玉米系Bt11和GA21中的重组插入物在玉米Bt11 × GA21堆叠中被保留。插入物的遗传稳定性先前已在亲本玉米系中得到证实。蛋白质测量显示，堆叠玉米系和单株玉米系之间的Cry1Ab、PAT和mEPSPS蛋白水平相当。表型分析也表明堆叠玉米的抗虫和耐除草剂性状具有稳定性。 转基因生物专家组认为玉米Bt11 x GA21及其亲本事件Bt11和GA21的分子特征是充分的。比较评估:2005年生长季在北美代表性地点和环境进行的田间试验数据的比较分析表明，除了Cry1Ab、PAT和mEPSPS蛋白的表达所带来的抗虫性和除草剂耐受性外，玉米秸秆Bt11 x GA21在组成、农艺和表型上与传统玉米秸秆相当。基于对现有数据的评估，VKM转基因专家组认为，通过玉米Bt11和GA21的传统杂交产生的Bt11 x GA21不会导致新表达的蛋白质之间的相互作用，从而影响其组成和农艺性状。食品和饲料风险评估:一项对肉鸡的全食物喂养研究未表明玉米Bt11 × GA21对健康有任何不良影响，并表明玉米Bt11 × GA21在营养上与传统玉米相当。Cry1Ab、PAT或mEPSPS蛋白与其他已知毒素或IgE过敏原没有序列相似性，也没有引起IgE介导的过敏反应的报道。然而，一些研究表明，哭泣蛋白在过敏反应中作为佐剂的潜在作用。根据目前的知识，VKM转基因专家小组得出结论，玉米Bt11 x GA21在营养上与传统玉米品种相当。与传统玉米相比，Cry1Ab、PAT或mEPSPS蛋白不太可能在基于玉米Bt11 × GA21的食品或饲料中引入毒性或致敏性。环境风险评估:EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/49申请的范围包括进口和加工用于食品和饲料用途的玉米堆Bt11x GA21。考虑到玉米Bt11 × GA21的预期用途(不包括种植)，环境风险评估涉及在运输和加工过程中有活性的谷物意外释放到环境中，以及间接暴露，主要是通过饲喂玉米Bt11 × GA21谷物的动物的粪便和粪便。玉米Bt11 × GA21没有改变生存、繁殖或传播特性，并且没有迹象表明，如果玉米Bt11 × GA21的种子意外释放到环境中，野生玉米植物传播和建立的可能性增加。玉米是玉米属在欧洲的唯一代表，在栽培之外没有杂交相容的野生或杂草亲缘种。VKM转基因小组认为，在挪威，基因从偶尔的野生转基因玉米植物流向传统玉米品种的风险可以忽略不计。考虑到作为食品和饲料的预期用途，转基因生物小组认为与生物和非生物环境的相互作用不是一个问题。总体结论:根据目前的知识，VKM转基因专家小组得出结论，玉米Bt11 x GA21在营养上与传统玉米品种相当。与传统玉米相比，Cry1Ab、PAT或mEPSPS蛋白不太可能在基于玉米Bt11 × GA21的食品或饲料中引入毒性或致敏性。VKM转基因生物小组同样得出结论，根据目前的知识，玉米Bt11 x GA21在挪威的预期用途方面与传统玉米品种的环境风险相当。
{"title":"Food/Feed and Environmental Risk Assessment of Insect-Resistant and Herbicide-Tolerant Genetically Modified Maize Bt11 x GA21 in the European Union under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/49)","authors":"A. Andreassen, P. Brandtzaeg, M. Finne, A. Holck, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330207","url":null,"abstract":"In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) has requested the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to give final opinions on all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC within the Authority’s sectoral responsibility. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has therefore, by letter dated 13 February 2013 (ref. 2012/150202), requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) to carry out scientific risk assessments of 39 GMOs and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. \u0000 The insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize Bt11 x GA21 (Unique Identifier SYN-BTØ11-1 x MON-ØØØ21-9 ) from Syngenta Seeds is approved under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 for food and feed uses, import and processing since 28 July 2010 (Commission Decision 2010/4263/EC). Genetically modified maize Bt11 x GA21 has previously been risk assessed by the VKM Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Norwegian Environment Agency related to the EFSAs public hearing of the application EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/49 in 2008 (VKM 2009a). In addition, Bt11 and GA21 has been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as single events and as a component of several stacked GM maize events (VKM 2005a,b, 2007, 2008, 2009b,c,d, 2010, 2012a,b). \u0000 The food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the maize Bt11x GA21 is based on information provided by the applicant in the application EFSA/GMO/UK/2007/49, and scientific comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment also considered other peer-reviewed scientific literature as relevant. \u0000 The VKM GMO Panel has evaluated Bt11 x GA21 with reference to its intended uses in the European Economic Area (EEA), and according to the principles described in the Norwegian Food Act, the Norwegian Gene Technology Act and regulations relating to impact assessment pursuant to the Gene Technology Act, Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms, and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 on genetically modified food and feed. The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety has also decided to take account of the appropriate principles described in the EFSA guidelines for the risk assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed (EFSA 2011a), the environmental risk assessment of GM plants (EFS","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89534740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330206
A. Andreassen, P. Brandtzaeg, M. Finne, A. Holck, A. Jevnaker, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg
In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) has been requested by the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) and the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to conduct final food/feed and environmental risk assessments for all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency and NFSA requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. The insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize Bt11 from Syngenta Seeds (Unique Idientifier SYN-BT Ø11-1) is approved under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 for food and feed uses, import and processing (Commission Decision 2010/419/EC). Genetically modified maize Bt11 has previously been risk assessed by the VKM Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) as sweet maize in 2005 (Notification xx) and fodder/field maize in 2007 (Notification C/F/96/05.10) (VKM 2005, VKM 2007). Bt11 has also been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as a component of several stacked GM maize events (VKM 2008, VKM 2009a,b,c,d,e VKM 2012a,b, 2013a,b,c). The food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the maize Bt11 is based on information provided by the applicant in the application EFSA/GMO/RX/Bt11, and scientific comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment also considered other peer-reviewed scientific literature as relevant. The VKM GMO Panel has evaluated Bt11 with reference to its intended uses in the European Economic Area (EEA), and according to the principles described in the Norwegian Food Act, the Norwegian Gene Technology Act and regulations relating to impact assessment pursuant to the Gene Technology Act, Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms, and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 on genetically modified food and feed. The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety has also decided to take account of the appropriate principles described in the EFSA guidelines for the risk assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed (EFSA 2011a), the environmental risk assessment of GM plants (EFSA 2010), selection of comparators for the risk assessment of GM plants (EFSA 2011b) and for the post-market environmental monitoring of GM plants (EFSA 2011c). The scientific risk assessment of maize Bt11 include molecular characterisation of the inserted DNA and expression of novel proteins, comparative assessment of agronomic and phenotypic characteristics, nutritional assessments, toxicology and
{"title":"Food/Feed and Environmental Risk Assessment of Insect-Resistant and Herbicide-Tolerant Genetically Modified Maize Bt11 from Syngenta Seeds for Food and Feed Uses, Import and Processing under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (EFSA/GMO/RX/Bt11)","authors":"A. Andreassen, P. Brandtzaeg, M. Finne, A. Holck, A. Jevnaker, O. Junttila, Heidi Sjursen Konestabo, R. Meadow, A. Mikalsen, K. Nielsen, M. Sanden, V. Sipinen, R. Vikse, H. Opsahl-Sorteberg","doi":"10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i330206","url":null,"abstract":"In preparation for a legal implementation of EU-regulation 1829/2003, the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) has been requested by the Norwegian Environment Agency (former Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management) and the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) to conduct final food/feed and environmental risk assessments for all genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products containing or consisting of GMOs that are authorized in the European Union under Directive 2001/18/EC or Regulation 1829/2003/EC. The request covers scope(s) relevant to the Gene Technology Act. The request does not cover GMOs that VKM already has conducted its final risk assessments on. However, the Agency and NFSA requests VKM to consider whether updates or other changes to earlier submitted assessments are necessary. \u0000 The insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize Bt11 from Syngenta Seeds (Unique Idientifier SYN-BT Ø11-1) is approved under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 for food and feed uses, import and processing (Commission Decision 2010/419/EC). \u0000 Genetically modified maize Bt11 has previously been risk assessed by the VKM Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) as sweet maize in 2005 (Notification xx) and fodder/field maize in 2007 (Notification C/F/96/05.10) (VKM 2005, VKM 2007). Bt11 has also been evaluated by the VKM GMO Panel as a component of several stacked GM maize events (VKM 2008, VKM 2009a,b,c,d,e VKM 2012a,b, 2013a,b,c). \u0000 The food/feed and environmental risk assessment of the maize Bt11 is based on information provided by the applicant in the application EFSA/GMO/RX/Bt11, and scientific comments from EFSA and other member states made available on the EFSA website GMO Extranet. The risk assessment also considered other peer-reviewed scientific literature as relevant. \u0000 The VKM GMO Panel has evaluated Bt11 with reference to its intended uses in the European Economic Area (EEA), and according to the principles described in the Norwegian Food Act, the Norwegian Gene Technology Act and regulations relating to impact assessment pursuant to the Gene Technology Act, Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms, and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 on genetically modified food and feed. The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety has also decided to take account of the appropriate principles described in the EFSA guidelines for the risk assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed (EFSA 2011a), the environmental risk assessment of GM plants (EFSA 2010), selection of comparators for the risk assessment of GM plants (EFSA 2011b) and for the post-market environmental monitoring of GM plants (EFSA 2011c). \u0000 The scientific risk assessment of maize Bt11 include molecular characterisation of the inserted DNA and expression of novel proteins, comparative assessment of agronomic and phenotypic characteristics, nutritional assessments, toxicology and ","PeriodicalId":11994,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141212304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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