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2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)最新文献

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Automated classification for pathological prostate images using AdaBoost-based Ensemble Learning 基于adaboost的集成学习的病理前列腺图像自动分类
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849887
Chao-Hui Huang, E. Kalaw
We present an AdaBoost-based Ensemble Learning for supporting automated Gleason grading of prostate adenocarcinoma (PRCA). The method is able to differentiate Gleason patterns 4–5 from patterns 1–3 as the patterns 4–5 are correlated to more aggressive disease while patterns 1–3 tend to reflect more favorable patient outcome. This method is based on various feature descriptors and classifiers for multiple color channels, including color channels of red, green and blue, as well as the optical intensity of hematoxylin and eosin stainings. The AdaBoost-based Ensemble Learning method integrates the color channels, feature descriptors and classifiers, and finally constructs a strong classifier. We tested our method on the histopathological images and the corresponding medical reports obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using 10-fold cross validation, the accuracy achieved 97.8%. As a result, this method can be used to support the diagnosis on prostate cancer.
我们提出了一种基于adaboost的集成学习,用于支持前列腺癌(PRCA)的自动Gleason分级。该方法能够区分Gleason模式4-5和模式1-3,因为模式4-5与更具侵袭性的疾病相关,而模式1-3往往反映更有利的患者预后。该方法基于多种颜色通道的特征描述符和分类器,包括红色、绿色和蓝色的颜色通道,以及苏木精和伊红染色的光学强度。基于adaboost的集成学习方法将颜色通道、特征描述符和分类器集成在一起,最终构建一个强分类器。我们对癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)中获得的组织病理图像和相应的医学报告进行10倍交叉验证,准确率达到97.8%。因此,该方法可用于支持前列腺癌的诊断。
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引用次数: 5
An incremental learning mechanism for human activity recognition 人类活动识别的增量学习机制
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850188
S. Ntalampiras, M. Roveri
This paper proposes an incremental mechanism for the automatic recognition of physical activities performed by humans. The specific research field has become quite relevant as it may offer important information to areas such as ambient intelligence, pervasive computing, and assistive technologies. The works in the related literature so far assume the a-priori availability of the dictionary of activities to be recognised. This work is focused on relaxing that assumption by learning and recognizing the human activities in an incremental manner based on the acquired datastreams. To this end, we designed a learning mechanism based on hidden Markov models for recognising human activities among those of a dictionary. The major novelty of the proposed mechanism is its ability to detect the occurrence of new activities and update the dictionary accordingly. We conducted experiments on a publicly available dataset of six human activities, i.e. walking, walking upstairs, walking downstairs, sitting, standing, and laying, where the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated.
本文提出了一种自动识别人类身体活动的增量机制。这个特定的研究领域已经变得非常相关,因为它可以为环境智能、普适计算和辅助技术等领域提供重要的信息。到目前为止,相关文献中的作品假设要识别活动字典的先验可用性。这项工作的重点是通过基于获取的数据流以增量的方式学习和识别人类活动来放松这一假设。为此,我们设计了一种基于隐马尔可夫模型的学习机制,用于从字典中识别人类活动。所提出的机制的主要新颖之处在于它能够检测新活动的发生并相应地更新字典。我们在公开的六种人类活动数据集上进行了实验,即步行,上楼,下楼,坐着,站着和躺着,其中证明了所提出算法的效率。
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引用次数: 13
Dimension reduction in classification using particle swarm optimisation and statistical variable grouping information 基于粒子群优化和统计变量分组信息的分类降维
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850126
Bing Xue, M. C. Lane, Ivy Liu, Mengjie Zhang
Dimension reduction is a preprocessing step in many classification tasks, but reducing dimensionality and finding the optimal set of features or attributes are challenging because of the big search space and interactions between attributes. This paper proposes a new dimension reduction method by using a statistical variable grouping method that groups similar attributes into a group by considering interaction between attributes and using particle swarm optimisation as a search technique to adopt the discovered statistical grouping information to search optimal attribute subsets. Two types of approaches are developed, where the first aims to select one attribute from each group to reduce the dimensionality, and the second allows the selection of multiple attributes from one group to further improve the classification performance. Experiments on ten datasets of varying difficulties show that all the two approaches can successfully address dimension reduction tasks to decrease the number of attributes, and achieve the similar of better classification performance. The first approach selects a smaller number of attributes than the second approach while the second approach achieves better classification performance. The proposed new algorithms outperform other recent dimension reduction algorithms in terms of the classification performance, or further reduce the number of attributes while maintaining the classification performance.
降维是许多分类任务的预处理步骤,但由于搜索空间大,属性之间相互作用,降维并找到最优的特征或属性集具有挑战性。本文提出了一种新的降维方法,采用统计变量分组方法,考虑属性之间的相互作用,将相似的属性分组为一组,并采用粒子群优化作为搜索技术,利用发现的统计分组信息搜索最优属性子集。开发了两种方法,第一种方法旨在从每组中选择一个属性以降低维数,第二种方法允许从一组中选择多个属性以进一步提高分类性能。在10个不同难度的数据集上进行的实验表明,两种方法都能成功地解决降维任务,减少属性的数量,达到相似的更好的分类性能。第一种方法比第二种方法选择的属性数量少,而第二种方法的分类性能更好。本文提出的新算法在分类性能上优于现有的其他降维算法,或者在保持分类性能的同时进一步减少属性的数量。
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引用次数: 3
Estimating force mix lower bounds using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm 用多目标进化算法估计力混合下界
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850071
Fred Ma, S. Wesolkowski
Nations will always experience conflicting pressures to reduce both (i) the funding of militaries and (ii) the probability that they will not be able to respond to scenarios that may arise. We develop a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) to generate force mix options that trade-off between lower bounds for objective (i) versus objective (ii). A set of military assets or force mix is evaluated against multiple instances of the future, each composed of a mix of stochastically generated realistic scenarios based on historically derived parameters. Scenario success is evaluated by matching each occurrence with a course of action (CoA) whose force element (FE) demands can be met. The lower bound on (i) comes from the assumption that a nation has complete flexibility to engage in scenarios at times that minimize simultaneous demand on FEs. The results are compared with the results from Tyche, a discrete event Simulator, which provides an more realistic, though pessimistic, point estimate of objective (ii). Results confirm the expected relative behavior of both models.
各国总是会面临相互冲突的压力,既要减少(1)军事资金,又要减少(2)它们无法应对可能出现的情况的可能性。我们开发了一种多目标进化算法(MOEA)来生成力量混合选项,在目标(i)与目标(ii)的下限之间进行权衡。针对未来的多个实例评估一组军事资产或力量混合,每个实例由基于历史衍生参数的随机生成的现实场景的混合组成。通过将每个事件与能够满足力元素(FE)需求的行动过程(CoA)相匹配来评估场景的成功。(i)的下限来自这样一个假设,即一个国家有完全的灵活性,可以在某些情况下将对FEs的同时需求最小化。结果与离散事件模拟器Tyche的结果进行了比较,后者提供了一个更现实的,尽管悲观的,目标(ii)的点估计。结果证实了两种模型的预期相对行为。
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引用次数: 1
The use of Kernel PCA in evolutionary optimization for computationally demanding engineering applications 核主成分分析在进化优化中对计算要求高的工程应用的应用
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850203
D. Kapsoulis, K. Tsiakas, V. Asouti, K. Giannakoglou
Two techniques to further enhance the efficiency of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), even those which have already been accelerated by implementing surrogate evaluation models or metamodels to overcome a great amount of costly evaluations, are presented. Both rely upon the use of a Kernel Principal Component Analysis (Kernel PCA or KPCA) of the design space, as this reflects upon the offspring population in each generation. The PCA determines a feature space where the evolution operators should preferably be applied. In addition, in Metamodel-Assisted EA (MAEAs), the PCA can reduce the number of sensory units of metamodels. Due to the latter, the metamodels yield better approximations to the objective function value. This paper extends previous work by the authors which was based on Linear PCA, used for the same purposes. In the present paper, the superiority of using the Kernel (rather than the Linear) PCA, especially in real-world applications, is demonstrated. The proposed methods are assessed in single- and two-objective mathematical optimization problems and, finally, showcased in aerodynamic shape optimization problems with computationally expensive evaluation software.
本文提出了两种进一步提高进化算法(EAs)效率的技术,即使这些技术已经通过实现替代评估模型或元模型来克服大量昂贵的评估,也可以提高进化算法的效率。两者都依赖于设计空间的核主成分分析(核PCA或KPCA)的使用,因为这反映了每一代的后代种群。PCA确定了一个特征空间,在这个空间中应该更好地应用进化算子。此外,在元模型辅助EA (maea)中,PCA可以减少元模型的感觉单元数量。由于后者,元模型能更好地逼近目标函数值。本文扩展了作者先前基于线性PCA的工作,用于相同的目的。在本文中,使用核(而不是线性)PCA的优越性,特别是在实际应用中,被证明。在单目标和双目标数学优化问题中对所提出的方法进行了评估,最后在计算成本昂贵的评估软件中对气动形状优化问题进行了展示。
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引用次数: 11
Hybridization of neural network models for the prediction of Extreme Significant Wave Height segments 极端有效波高段预测的杂交神经网络模型
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850144
A. M. Durán-Rosal, J. C. Fernández, Pedro Antonio Gutiérrez, C. Hervás‐Martínez
This work proposes a hybrid methodology for the detection and prediction of Extreme Significant Wave Height (ESWH) periods in oceans. In a first step, wave height time series is approximated by a labeled sequence of segments, which is obtained using a genetic algorithm in combination with a likelihood-based segmentation (GA+LS). Then, an artificial neural network classifier with hybrid basis functions is trained with a multiobjetive evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) in order to predict the occurrence of future ESWH segments based on past values. The methodology is applied to a buoy in the Gulf of Alaska and another one in Puerto Rico. The results show that the GA+LS is able to segment and group the ESWH values, and the neural network models, obtained by the MOEA, make good predictions maintaining a balance between global accuracy and minimum sensitivity for the detection of ESWH events. Moreover, hybrid neural networks are shown to lead to better results than pure models.
本工作提出了一种用于海洋极端有效波高(ESWH)周期检测和预测的混合方法。首先,利用遗传算法和基于似然的分割(GA+LS)相结合得到的标记片段序列来逼近波高时间序列。然后,利用多目标进化算法(MOEA)训练具有混合基函数的人工神经网络分类器,以预测基于过去值的未来ESWH片段的发生。该方法应用于阿拉斯加湾的一个浮标和波多黎各的另一个浮标。结果表明,GA+LS能够对ESWH值进行分割和分组,MOEA获得的神经网络模型能够很好地预测ESWH事件的全局精度和最小灵敏度之间的平衡。此外,混合神经网络显示出比纯模型更好的结果。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluating Fuzzy Analogy on incomplete software projects data 不完全软件项目数据的模糊类比评价
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849922
Ibtissam Abnane, A. Idri
Missing Data (MD) is a widespread problem that can affect the ability to use data to construct effective software development effort prediction systems. This paper investigates the use of missing data (MD) techniques with Fuzzy Analogy. More specifically, this study analyze the predictive performance of this analogy-based technique when using toleration, deletion or k-nearest neighbors (KNN) imputation techniques using the Pred(0.25) accuracy criterion and thereafter compares the results with the findings when using the Standardized Accuracy (SA) measure. A total of 756 experiments were conducted involving seven data sets, three MD techniques (toleration, deletion and KNN imputation), three missingness mechanisms (MCAR: missing completely at random, MAR: missing at random, NIM: non-ignorable missing), and MD percentages from 10 percent to 90 percent. The results of accuracy measured in terms of Pred(0.25) confirm the findings of a study which used the SA measure. Moreover, we found that SA and Pred(0.25) measure different aspects of technique performance. Hence, SA is not sufficient to conclude about the technique accuracy and it should be used with other metrics, especially Pred(0.25).
缺失数据(MD)是一个广泛存在的问题,它会影响使用数据构建有效的软件开发工作预测系统的能力。本文研究了模糊类比中缺失数据(MD)技术的应用。更具体地说,本研究使用Pred(0.25)精度标准分析了这种基于类比的技术在使用容忍、删除或k-最近邻(KNN) imputation技术时的预测性能,然后将结果与使用标准化精度(SA)测量时的结果进行了比较。总共进行了756个实验,涉及7个数据集,3种MD技术(耐受、缺失和KNN imputation), 3种缺失机制(MCAR:完全随机缺失,MAR:随机缺失,NIM:不可忽略缺失),MD百分比从10%到90%不等。以Pred(0.25)测量的准确度结果证实了一项使用SA测量的研究结果。此外,我们发现SA和Pred(0.25)衡量的是技术绩效的不同方面。因此,SA不足以得出技术准确性的结论,它应该与其他指标一起使用,特别是Pred(0.25)。
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引用次数: 9
Principled Evolutionary Algorithm search operator design and the kernel trick 原理进化算法的搜索算子设计和核技巧
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850204
Fergal Lane, R. Muhammad, Atif Azad, C. Ryan, Ireland Email, Fergal Lane, Ie
Configuring an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) can be a haphazard and inefficient process. An EA practitioner may have to choose between a plethora of search operator types and other parameter settings. In contrast, the goal of EA principled design is a more streamlined and systematic design methodology, which first seeks to better understand the problem domain, and only then uses such acquired insights to guide the choice of parameters and operators.
配置进化算法(EA)可能是一个偶然和低效的过程。EA从业者可能必须在大量的搜索操作符类型和其他参数设置之间进行选择。相比之下,EA原则设计的目标是一种更加流线型和系统化的设计方法,它首先寻求更好地理解问题领域,然后才使用这种获得的见解来指导参数和操作符的选择。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluating the effectiveness of Bayesian and Neural Networks for Adaptive Schedulling Systems 评价贝叶斯和神经网络在自适应调度系统中的有效性
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849997
Bruno Cunha, A. Madureira, J. Pereira, I. Pereira
The ability to adjust itself to users' profile is imperative in modern system, given that many people interact with a lot of information in different ways. The creation of adaptive systems is a complex domain that requires very specific methods and the integration of several intelligent techniques, from an intelligent systems development perspective. Designing an adaptive system requires planning and training of user modelling techniques combined with existing system components. Based on the architecture for user modelling on Intelligent and Adaptive Scheduling Systems, this paper presents an analysis of using the mentioned architecture to characterize user's behaviours and a case study comparing the employment of different user classifiers. Bayesian and Artificial Neural Networks were selected as the elements of the computational study and this paper presents a description on how to prepare them to deal with user information.
在现代系统中,考虑到许多人以不同的方式与大量信息交互,调整自身以适应用户配置文件的能力是必不可少的。从智能系统开发的角度来看,自适应系统的创建是一个复杂的领域,需要非常具体的方法和几种智能技术的集成。设计一个自适应系统需要结合现有系统组件的用户建模技术的规划和培训。基于智能自适应调度系统的用户建模体系结构,分析了使用该体系结构来描述用户行为的方法,并通过案例分析比较了不同用户分类器的使用情况。本文选择贝叶斯和人工神经网络作为计算研究的元素,并介绍了如何准备它们来处理用户信息。
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引用次数: 4
The emergency response management based on Bayesian decision network 基于贝叶斯决策网络的应急响应管理
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849973
Jiangnan Qiu, Wenjing Gu, Q. Kong, Qiuyan Zhong, Jilei Hu
In order to solve the emergency decision management problem with uncertainty, an Emergency Bayesian decision network (EBDN) model is used in this paper. By computing the probability of each node, the EBDN can solve the uncertainty of different response measures. Using Gray system theory to determine the weight of all kinds of emergency losses. And then use genetic algorithm to search the best combination measure by comparing the value of output loss. For illustration, a typhoon example is utilized to show the feasibility of EBDN model. Empirical results show that the EBDN model can combine expert's knowledge and historic data to predict expected effects under different combinations of response measures, and then choose the best one. The proposed EBDN model can combine the decision process into a diagrammatic form, and thus the uncertainty of emergency events in solving emergency dynamic decision making is solved.
为了解决具有不确定性的应急决策管理问题,本文采用了应急贝叶斯决策网络(EBDN)模型。通过计算每个节点的概率,EBDN可以解决不同响应措施的不确定性。运用灰色系统理论确定各类应急损失的权重。然后利用遗传算法通过比较输出损失值来搜索最佳组合措施。最后以台风为例说明了EBDN模型的可行性。实证结果表明,EBDN模型能够结合专家知识和历史数据,预测不同响应措施组合下的预期效果,进而选择最佳响应措施。提出的EBDN模型可以将决策过程组合成图表形式,从而解决了应急动态决策中突发事件的不确定性问题。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)
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