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2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)最新文献

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Principled Evolutionary Algorithm search operator design and the kernel trick 原理进化算法的搜索算子设计和核技巧
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850204
Fergal Lane, R. Muhammad, Atif Azad, C. Ryan, Ireland Email, Fergal Lane, Ie
Configuring an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) can be a haphazard and inefficient process. An EA practitioner may have to choose between a plethora of search operator types and other parameter settings. In contrast, the goal of EA principled design is a more streamlined and systematic design methodology, which first seeks to better understand the problem domain, and only then uses such acquired insights to guide the choice of parameters and operators.
配置进化算法(EA)可能是一个偶然和低效的过程。EA从业者可能必须在大量的搜索操作符类型和其他参数设置之间进行选择。相比之下,EA原则设计的目标是一种更加流线型和系统化的设计方法,它首先寻求更好地理解问题领域,然后才使用这种获得的见解来指导参数和操作符的选择。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluating the effectiveness of Bayesian and Neural Networks for Adaptive Schedulling Systems 评价贝叶斯和神经网络在自适应调度系统中的有效性
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849997
Bruno Cunha, A. Madureira, J. Pereira, I. Pereira
The ability to adjust itself to users' profile is imperative in modern system, given that many people interact with a lot of information in different ways. The creation of adaptive systems is a complex domain that requires very specific methods and the integration of several intelligent techniques, from an intelligent systems development perspective. Designing an adaptive system requires planning and training of user modelling techniques combined with existing system components. Based on the architecture for user modelling on Intelligent and Adaptive Scheduling Systems, this paper presents an analysis of using the mentioned architecture to characterize user's behaviours and a case study comparing the employment of different user classifiers. Bayesian and Artificial Neural Networks were selected as the elements of the computational study and this paper presents a description on how to prepare them to deal with user information.
在现代系统中,考虑到许多人以不同的方式与大量信息交互,调整自身以适应用户配置文件的能力是必不可少的。从智能系统开发的角度来看,自适应系统的创建是一个复杂的领域,需要非常具体的方法和几种智能技术的集成。设计一个自适应系统需要结合现有系统组件的用户建模技术的规划和培训。基于智能自适应调度系统的用户建模体系结构,分析了使用该体系结构来描述用户行为的方法,并通过案例分析比较了不同用户分类器的使用情况。本文选择贝叶斯和人工神经网络作为计算研究的元素,并介绍了如何准备它们来处理用户信息。
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引用次数: 4
The emergency response management based on Bayesian decision network 基于贝叶斯决策网络的应急响应管理
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849973
Jiangnan Qiu, Wenjing Gu, Q. Kong, Qiuyan Zhong, Jilei Hu
In order to solve the emergency decision management problem with uncertainty, an Emergency Bayesian decision network (EBDN) model is used in this paper. By computing the probability of each node, the EBDN can solve the uncertainty of different response measures. Using Gray system theory to determine the weight of all kinds of emergency losses. And then use genetic algorithm to search the best combination measure by comparing the value of output loss. For illustration, a typhoon example is utilized to show the feasibility of EBDN model. Empirical results show that the EBDN model can combine expert's knowledge and historic data to predict expected effects under different combinations of response measures, and then choose the best one. The proposed EBDN model can combine the decision process into a diagrammatic form, and thus the uncertainty of emergency events in solving emergency dynamic decision making is solved.
为了解决具有不确定性的应急决策管理问题,本文采用了应急贝叶斯决策网络(EBDN)模型。通过计算每个节点的概率,EBDN可以解决不同响应措施的不确定性。运用灰色系统理论确定各类应急损失的权重。然后利用遗传算法通过比较输出损失值来搜索最佳组合措施。最后以台风为例说明了EBDN模型的可行性。实证结果表明,EBDN模型能够结合专家知识和历史数据,预测不同响应措施组合下的预期效果,进而选择最佳响应措施。提出的EBDN模型可以将决策过程组合成图表形式,从而解决了应急动态决策中突发事件的不确定性问题。
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引用次数: 6
Railway platform reallocation after dynamic perturbations using ant colony optimisation 基于蚁群优化的动态扰动后铁路站台再分配
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849965
Jayne Eaton, Shengxiang Yang
Train delays at stations are a common occurrence in complex, busy railway networks. A delayed train will miss its scheduled time slot on the platform and may have to be reallocated to a new platform to allow it to continue its journey. The problem is a dynamic one because while reallocating a delayed train further unanticipated train delays may occur, changing the nature of the problem over time. Our aim in this study is to apply ant colony optimisation (ACO) to a dynamic platform reallocation problem (DPRP) using a model created from real-world train schedule data. To ensure that trains are not unnecessarily reallocated to new platforms we introduce a novel best-ant-replacement scheme that takes into account not only the objective value but also the physical distance between the original and the new platforms. Results showed that the ACO algorithm outperformed a heuristic that places the delayed train in the first available time-slot and that this improvement was more apparent with high-frequency dynamic changes.
在复杂繁忙的铁路网中,火车在车站延误是经常发生的事情。延误的列车将错过其在站台上的预定时段,可能不得不重新分配到一个新的站台,以允许它继续其旅程。这个问题是动态的,因为在重新分配延误的列车时,可能会发生更多意想不到的列车延误,随着时间的推移,改变问题的性质。本研究的目的是将蚁群优化(ACO)应用于一个动态平台再分配问题(DPRP),使用一个从真实世界的列车时刻表数据创建的模型。为了确保列车不会不必要地重新分配到新的月台,我们引入了一种新颖的最佳反替代方案,该方案不仅考虑了客观价值,还考虑了原月台与新月台之间的物理距离。结果表明,蚁群算法优于启发式算法,启发式算法将延迟列车放置在第一个可用时隙中,并且这种改进在高频动态变化中更为明显。
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引用次数: 2
An ensemble of single multiplicative neuron models for probabilistic prediction 用于概率预测的单个乘法神经元模型的集合
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849975
U. Yolcu, Yaochu Jin, E. Eğrioğlu
Inference systems basically aim to provide and present the knowledge (outputs) that decision-makers can take advantage of in their decision-making process. Nowadays one of the most commonly used inference systems for time series prediction is the computational inference system based on artificial neural networks. Although they have the ability of handling uncertainties and are capable of solving real life problems, neural networks have interpretability issues with regard to their outputs. For example, the outputs of neural networks that are difficult to interpret compared to statistical inference systems' outputs that involve a confidence interval and probabilities about possible values of predictions on top of the point estimations. In this study, an ensemble of single multiplicative neuron models based on bootstrap technique has been proposed to get probabilistic predictions. The main difference of the proposed ensemble model compared to conventional neural network models is that it is capable of getting a bootstrap confidence interval and probabilities of predictions. The performance of the proposed model is demonstrated on different time series. The obtained results show that the proposed ensemble model has a superior prediction performance in addition to having outputs that are more interpretable and applicable to probabilistic evaluations than conventional neural networks.
推理系统基本上旨在提供和呈现决策者可以在其决策过程中利用的知识(输出)。目前最常用的时间序列预测推理系统之一是基于人工神经网络的计算推理系统。尽管神经网络具有处理不确定性的能力,并且能够解决现实生活中的问题,但它们的输出存在可解释性问题。例如,与统计推理系统的输出相比,神经网络的输出难以解释,统计推理系统的输出涉及点估计之上的预测可能值的置信区间和概率。在本研究中,提出了一种基于自举技术的单乘法神经元模型集合来获得概率预测。与传统神经网络模型相比,该集成模型的主要区别在于它能够获得自举置信区间和预测概率。在不同的时间序列上验证了该模型的性能。结果表明,与传统神经网络相比,该集成模型具有更强的可解释性和更适用于概率评估的输出,并且具有更好的预测性能。
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引用次数: 8
Adapting linear discriminant analysis to the paradigm of learning from label proportions 将线性判别分析应用于标签比例学习范式
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850150
M. Pérez-Ortiz, Pedro Antonio Gutiérrez, Mariano Carbonero-Ruz, C. Hervás‐Martínez
The recently coined term “learning from label proportions” refers to a new learning paradigm where training data is given by groups (also denoted as “bags”), and the only known information is the label proportion of each bag. The aim is then to construct a classification model to predict the class label of an individual instance, which differentiates this paradigm from the one of multi-instance learning. This learning setting presents very different applications in political science, marketing, healthcare and, in general, all fields in relation with anonymous data. In this paper, two new strategies are proposed to tackle this kind of problems. Both proposals are based on the optimisation of pattern class memberships using the data distribution in each bag and the known label proportions. To do so, linear discriminant analysis has been reformulated to work with non-crisp class memberships. The experimental part of this paper sets different objetives: 1) study the difference in performance, comparing our proposals and the fully supervised setting, 2) analyse the potential benefits of refining class memberships by the proposed approaches, and 3) test the influence of other factors in the performance, such as the number of classes or the bag size. The results of these experiments are promising, but further research should be encouraged for studying more complex data configurations.
最近创造的术语“从标签比例中学习”指的是一种新的学习范式,其中训练数据是按组(也表示为“袋”)给出的,唯一已知的信息是每个袋的标签比例。目的是构建一个分类模型来预测单个实例的类标签,这将该范式与多实例学习范式区分开来。这种学习环境在政治学、市场营销、医疗保健以及与匿名数据相关的所有领域中都有非常不同的应用。本文提出了两种新的策略来解决这类问题。这两种方案都基于使用每个包中的数据分布和已知标签比例来优化模式类隶属关系。为了做到这一点,线性判别分析已经被重新制定,以处理非清晰的类成员。本文的实验部分设定了不同的目标:1)研究性能的差异,比较我们的建议和完全监督的设置,2)分析通过提出的方法精炼类成员的潜在好处,3)测试其他因素对性能的影响,如类的数量或包的大小。这些实验的结果是有希望的,但应该鼓励进一步的研究,以研究更复杂的数据配置。
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引用次数: 4
SIMARD: A simulated annealing based RNA design algorithm with quality pre-selection strategies SIMARD:一种具有质量预选策略的基于模拟退火的RNA设计算法
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849957
Sinem Sav, David J. D. Hampson, Herbert H. Tsang
Most of the biological processes including expression levels of genes and translation of DNA to produce proteins within cells depend on RNA sequences, and the structure of the RNA plays vital role for its function. RNA design problem refers to the design of an RNA sequence that folds into given secondary structure. However, vast number of possible nucleotide combinations make this an NP-Hard problem. To solve the RNA design problem, a number of researchers have tried to implement algorithms using local stochastic search, context-free grammars, global sampling or evolutionary programming approaches. In this paper, we examine SIMARD, an RNA design algorithm that implements simulated annealing techniques. We also propose QPS, a mutation operator for SIMARD that pre-selects high quality sequences. Furthermore, we present experiment results of SIMARD compared to eight other RNA design algorithms using the Rfam datset. The experiment results indicate that SIMARD shows promising results in terms of Hamming distance between designed sequence and the target structure, and outperforms ERD in terms of free energy.
细胞内基因的表达水平和DNA的翻译产生蛋白质等大多数生物过程都依赖于RNA序列,而RNA的结构对其功能起着至关重要的作用。RNA设计问题是指RNA序列折叠成给定二级结构的设计问题。然而,大量可能的核苷酸组合使其成为NP-Hard问题。为了解决RNA设计问题,许多研究人员尝试使用局部随机搜索、上下文无关语法、全局采样或进化规划方法来实现算法。在本文中,我们研究了SIMARD,一种实现模拟退火技术的RNA设计算法。我们还提出了QPS,一个SIMARD的突变算子,它可以预先选择高质量的序列。此外,我们还介绍了SIMARD与其他八种使用Rfam数据集的RNA设计算法的实验结果。实验结果表明,SIMARD在设计序列与目标结构之间的汉明距离方面取得了令人满意的结果,在自由能方面优于ERD。
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引用次数: 11
A new approach to session identification by applying fuzzy c-means clustering on web logs 基于模糊c均值聚类的web日志会话识别新方法
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849939
D. Koutsoukos, Georgios Alexandridis, Georgios Siolas, A. Stafylopatis
In this paper a new algorithm for session identification in web logs is outlined, based on the fuzzy c-means clustering of the available data. The novelty of the proposed methodology lies in the initialization of the partition matrix using subtractive clustering, the examination of the effect a variety of distance metrics have on the clustering process (in addition to the widely-used Euclidean distance), the determination of the number of user sessions based on candidate sessions and the representation of the session data. The experimental results show that the proposed methodology is effective in the reconstruction of user sessions and can distinguish individual sessions more accurately than baseline time-heuristic methods proposed in literature.
本文提出了一种基于可用数据的模糊c均值聚类的网络日志会话识别新算法。提出的方法的新颖之处在于使用减法聚类初始化分区矩阵,检查各种距离度量对聚类过程的影响(除了广泛使用的欧几里得距离),基于候选会话确定用户会话数量以及会话数据的表示。实验结果表明,所提出的方法在用户会话重建中是有效的,并且比文献中提出的基线时间启发式方法更准确地区分单个会话。
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引用次数: 7
A direct memetic approach to the solution of Multi-Objective Optimal Control Problems 多目标最优控制问题解的直接模因法
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850103
M. Vasile, Lorenzo A. Ricciardi
This paper proposes a memetic direct transcription algorithm to solve Multi-Objective Optimal Control Problems (MOOCP). The MOOCP is first transcribed into a Non-linear Programming Problem (NLP) with Direct Finite Elements in Time (DFET) and then solved with a particular formulation of the Multi Agent Collaborative Search (MACS) framework. Multi Agent Collaborative Search is a memetic algorithm in which a population of agents combines local search heuristics, exploring the neighbourhood of each agent, with social actions exchanging information among agents. A collection of all Pareto optimal solutions is maintained in an archive that evolves towards the Pareto set. In the approach proposed in this paper, individualistic actions run a local search, from random points within the neighbourhood of each agent, solving a normalised Pascoletti-Serafini scalarisation of the multi-objective NLP problem. Social actions, instead, solve a bi-level problem in which the lower level handles only the constraint equations while the upper level handles only the objective functions. The proposed approach is tested on the multi-objective extensions of two well-known optimal control problems: the Goddard Rocket problem, and the maximum energy orbit rise problem.
针对多目标最优控制问题(MOOCP),提出了一种模因直接转录算法。MOOCP首先被转化为具有直接时间有限元素(DFET)的非线性规划问题(NLP),然后用多智能体协作搜索(MACS)框架的特定公式进行求解。多智能体协同搜索是一种模因算法,其中一群智能体结合了局部搜索启发式,探索每个智能体的邻居,并在智能体之间进行社会行为交换信息。所有帕累托最优解的集合保存在一个向着帕累托集发展的存档中。在本文提出的方法中,个人主义行为从每个智能体附近的随机点运行局部搜索,解决多目标NLP问题的规范化Pascoletti-Serafini缩放。相反,社会行动解决了一个双层次问题,其中较低层次只处理约束方程,而较高层次只处理目标函数。对戈达德火箭问题和最大能量轨道上升问题这两个著名的最优控制问题的多目标扩展进行了测试。
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引用次数: 8
A new fast large neighbourhood search for service network design with asset balance constraints 资产平衡约束下服务网络设计的快速大邻域搜索
Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7850084
Ruibin Bai, J. Woodward, N. Subramanian
The service network design problem (SNDP) is a fundamental problem in consolidated freight transportation. It involves the determination of an efficient transportation network and the scheduling details of the corresponding services. Compared to vehicle routing problems, SNDP can model transfers and consolidations on a multi-modal freight network. The problem is often formulated as a mixed integer programming problem and is NP-Hard. In this research, we propose a new efficient large neighbourhood search function that can handle the constraints more efficiently. The effectiveness of this new neighbourhood is evaluated in a tabu search metaheuristic (TS) and a GLS guided local search (GLS) method. Experimental results based on a set of well-known benchmark instances show that the new neighbourhood performs significantly better than the previous arc-flipping neighbourhood. The neighbourhood function is also applicable in other optimisation problems with similar discrete constraints.
服务网络设计问题是货物综合运输中的一个基础性问题。它包括确定一个有效的运输网络和相应服务的调度细节。与车辆路线问题相比,SNDP可以模拟多式联运货运网络上的转移和合并。该问题通常被表述为一个混合整数规划问题,并且是NP-Hard。在这项研究中,我们提出了一个新的高效的大邻域搜索函数,可以更有效地处理约束。在禁忌搜索元启发式(TS)和GLS引导局部搜索(GLS)方法中对新邻域的有效性进行了评估。基于一组众所周知的基准实例的实验结果表明,新邻域的性能明显优于之前的弧形翻转邻域。邻域函数也适用于其他具有类似离散约束的优化问题。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)
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