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Evaluate of The Reproductive Efficiency of Cows With Fuzzy Logic 用模糊逻辑评价奶牛的繁殖效率
Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.801610
B. Ağaoğlu, B. Comba, H. Koyun
Fuzzy Logic (Fuzzy Logic) is a branch of science based on thinking like human beings and solving them with mathematical functions. Fuzzy logic theory is a mathematical theory. Based on fuzzy set theory, it also uses intermediate values. The fuzzy logic that emerged in 1965 is used in many fields. In the production of pacemakers, in the production of artificial organs, in many electronic devices, company efficiency estimation, etc. situations are used. Fuzzy logic, which is frequently used in the solution of problems that occur in uncertain situations such as quality assessment in recent years, is one of the artificial intelligence methods. With the help of machines, people-specific data and experiences are studied using the fuzzy logic approach. In this study, by using Matlab Fuzzy Toolbox, it was aimed to design a system that gives information about the breeding performances of cows. The expert system was designed based on the optimal values under the ideal conditions specified in the literature. The architecture of the system presented in this paper is designed as three input parameters and one output. The designed system was tested with 100 sample values. Afterwards, expert results were evaluated and system decisions were compared. The success of the decision support system was 94%. As a result, the reproductive efficiency of cows can be determined with this designed system. With this determination, the handling or disposal of cows can be determined.
模糊逻辑(Fuzzy Logic)是一门以人类思维为基础,用数学函数求解的科学分支。模糊逻辑理论是一种数学理论。在模糊集理论的基础上,采用中间值。1965年出现的模糊逻辑被应用于许多领域。在心脏起搏器的生产中,在人造器官的生产中,在许多电子设备中,在公司效率估算等场合都有使用。模糊逻辑是人工智能方法的一种,近年来经常用于解决质量评估等不确定情况下发生的问题。在机器的帮助下,使用模糊逻辑方法研究特定于人的数据和经验。本研究利用Matlab模糊工具箱,设计了一个奶牛育种性能信息的系统。根据文献中给出的理想条件下的最优值设计专家系统。本文提出的系统结构设计为三个输入参数和一个输出。对设计的系统进行了100个样本值的测试。然后,对专家结果进行评价,并对系统决策进行比较。决策支持系统的成功率为94%。结果表明,该系统可测定奶牛的繁殖效率。有了这个决定,就可以确定奶牛的处理或处置方式。
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引用次数: 0
Stacked Hourglass Network with Additional Skip Connection for Human Pose Estimation 堆叠沙漏网络与额外的跳跃连接人体姿势估计
Pub Date : 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.18100/IJAMEC.803330
Seung-taek Kim, H. Lee
The human pose estimation is a problem of localizing human joints in a single image, and that is still a challenge in the field of computer vision. The hourglass network has been used in many researches to achieve good performance in human pose estimation problems. For human pose estimation problem, not only high-level features but also low-level features are important for understanding the whole human body. However, the vanilla hourglass network has the problem of passing only high-level features to the next stack. Therefore, we propose a network structure that can solve the problems of the vanilla hourglass by using an additional skip connection. The proposed skip connection improves network performance by passing relative low-level features to the next stack. In addition, the skip connection is a simple element-wise Sum operation, so there is no increase in the number of parameters. In this work, we use the well-known human pose estimation data set, MPII, to evaluate the proposed method. We conducted experiments to evaluate the objective performance of the proposed method, and it was confirmed through this evaluation that the proposed method improves the performance of human pose estimation of the vanilla hourglass network.
人体姿态估计是一个在单幅图像中定位人体关节的问题,是计算机视觉领域的一个难题。沙漏网络在人体姿态估计问题上取得了很好的效果,在许多研究中得到了应用。在人体姿态估计问题中,不仅高层特征重要,低层特征也很重要,这样才能更好地理解整个人体。然而,香草沙漏网络存在只将高级特征传递给下一个堆栈的问题。因此,我们提出了一种网络结构,可以通过使用额外的跳过连接来解决香草沙漏的问题。所建议的跳过连接通过将相对低级的特性传递到下一个堆栈来提高网络性能。此外,跳过连接是一个简单的元素求和操作,因此参数的数量不会增加。在这项工作中,我们使用著名的人体姿态估计数据集MPII来评估所提出的方法。我们通过实验对所提方法的客观性能进行了评价,通过评价证实所提方法提高了香草沙漏网络的人体姿态估计性能。
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引用次数: 1
State and Parameter Estimation of a Nonlinear Servo System Handling Noises and Varying Payloads 非线性伺服系统处理噪声和变载荷的状态和参数估计
Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.18100/IJAMEC.800716
Meriç Çetin, S. Beyhan
Payload estimators have many parameters, which are trained using the recorded position, velocity and known payload information. To use these payload estimators in the real-time applications, accurate position and velocity information of the system are required. In this paper, first recently proposed sliding-mode observers (SMOs) are designed and compared for velocity estimation of a nonlinear servo system. Second, a parameter estimation based on sliding-mode super-twisting approach is designed to estimate unknown and varying parameter for a class of nonlinear systems. The convergence property of observers is considered using Lyapunov stability method. In the applications, the constant and varying payloads of the servo system have been estimated using the designed method and compared with Extended-Kalman Filter (EKF). In the final section, artificial noises with different SNR are applied to the measurement signal. When the less amplitude of noise signal is applied, second order SMO estimated the states and the payload better than EKF. However, EKF provides much better estimation results than second order SMO for large amplitude of noise signals. For the sake of generalization, second order SMO is a fast and robust observer for small noise cases. In addition, the filtering property of EKF has still importance for large noise cases.
有效载荷估计器有许多参数,这些参数是使用记录的位置、速度和已知的有效载荷信息进行训练的。为了在实时应用中使用这些有效载荷估计器,需要精确的系统位置和速度信息。本文首先设计并比较了最近提出的滑模观测器,用于非线性伺服系统的速度估计。其次,设计了一种基于滑模超扭转的参数估计方法,用于估计一类非线性系统的未知和变参数。利用李雅普诺夫稳定性方法研究了观测器的收敛性。在实际应用中,利用所设计的方法对伺服系统的恒载荷和变载荷进行了估计,并与扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)进行了比较。最后,对测量信号施加不同信噪比的人工噪声。当噪声信号幅值较小时,二阶SMO比EKF能更好地估计状态和有效载荷。然而,对于大幅度的噪声信号,EKF的估计效果比二阶SMO要好得多。为了推广,二阶SMO在小噪声情况下是一种快速且鲁棒的观测器。此外,对于大噪声情况,EKF的滤波特性仍然具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
A Comprehensive Evolution for Applicability of Machine Learning Algorithms on Various Domains 机器学习算法在不同领域适用性的综合演化
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.803955
Zuleyha Akusta Dagdeviren
version of this paper was presented at 9th International Conference on Advanced Technologies (ICAT'20), 10-12 August 2020, Istanbul, Turkey with the title of “A Comprehensive Evolution for Applicability of Machine Learning Algorithms on Various Domains”.
本文的版本于2020年8月10日至12日在土耳其伊斯坦布尔举行的第九届国际先进技术会议(ICAT'20)上发表,题为“机器学习算法在各个领域的适用性的全面发展”。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic Algorithm Based Storage and Retrieval System Optimization Considering Operational Constraints in a Multidimensional Warehouse 考虑操作约束的多维仓库遗传算法存储检索系统优化
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.802125
Huseyin Yilmaz, Adem Tuncer
Efficient use of warehouse resources is an important issue that makes them more manageable and useful, also helps product flow faster. In multidimensional warehouses with many constraints such as weight, volume, product compatibility, etc., storage and retrieval processes are complex optimization problems that need to be solved. Considering the number of constraints, the solution to the storage and retrieval problems with traditional algorithms take a long time. Meta-heuristic algorithms are frequently used in the solution of many complex optimization problems as they can provide acceptable solutions in a short time. In this study, the Genetic algorithm which is one of the popular meta-heuristic methods was used to solve this problem, and the A-star algorithm was used to travel the shortest path between the shelves. A three-dimensional warehouse with operational constraints was designed. Storage and retrieval orders containing a different number of pallets were produced randomly to perform warehouse product flow, and some of these orders were assumed as storage requests and the remainder were retrieval requests. Results show that the proposed approach is capable of finding effective solutions for storage and retrieval problems with operational constraints in a short time.
有效利用仓库资源是一个重要的问题,它使仓库更易于管理和有用,也有助于产品更快地流动。在具有重量、体积、产品兼容性等诸多约束的多维仓库中,存储和检索过程是需要解决的复杂优化问题。由于约束条件较多,传统算法解决存储和检索问题的时间较长。元启发式算法由于能够在短时间内提供可接受的解,在许多复杂优化问题的求解中得到了广泛的应用。在本研究中,采用了目前流行的元启发式算法之一的遗传算法来解决这一问题,并采用A-star算法来实现货架间最短路径的移动。设计了一个具有操作约束的三维仓库。随机生成包含不同托盘数量的存储和检索订单来执行仓库产品流程,其中一些订单假设为存储请求,其余订单假设为检索请求。结果表明,该方法能够在短时间内找到具有操作约束的存储和检索问题的有效解决方案。
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引用次数: 2
Hexagonal ring microstrip patch antennas for PCS and S-band radar applications 用于PCS和s波段雷达应用的六角形环形微带贴片天线
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.796287
C. Dogusgen (Erbas)
version of this paper was presented at 9th International Conference on Advanced Technologies (ICAT'20), 10-12 August 2020, Istanbul, Turkey with the title of “Hexagonal Ring Microstrip Patch Antennas For PCS And S Band Radar Applications”.
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引用次数: 0
Robust Constrained Drug Dosage Regulation of Acute Inflammation Response Under Disturbances 干扰下急性炎症反应的鲁棒约束药物剂量调节
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.815606
Meriç Çetin, S. Beyhan
Mathematical modelling of the biological processes, diseases and organs are important for the model-based control of diseases. Due to unmodeled dynamics, unknown and external disturbances, the performance of controllers based on these models are degraded for the accurate control. Therefore, robust controllers are need especially for the applications on patients. Inflammation, the cause of many complex biological phenomena and diseases, is a nonlinear process that is difficult to control. In this paper, continuous-time sliding-mode controller has been designed for the control of acute inflammation response (AIR) and antibacterial drug infusion under external disturbances both for septic and aseptic cases. Sliding-mode controller (SMC) is mostly used to control nonlinear systems against external disturbances and parametric uncertainties. Beside the control signal generation, we propose constraints on the control signals based on the clinical experiences such that the applied control signal is suitable for the health and improves the performance of the controller. Due to the multiple equilibrium point on the behavior of the acute inflammation response, it is difficult to design such model-based controllers without input constraints. In the numerical applications, septic death case and aseptic death case with disturbances are controlled and acceptable performances are obtained for future clinical applications.
生物过程、疾病和器官的数学建模对于基于模型的疾病控制非常重要。由于未建模的动力学、未知和外部干扰,基于这些模型的控制器的性能会降低,无法实现精确控制。因此,在病人身上的应用尤其需要鲁棒控制器。炎症是许多复杂生物现象和疾病的成因,是一个难以控制的非线性过程。本文设计了连续时间滑模控制器,用于控制脓毒症和无菌病例在外界干扰下的急性炎症反应(AIR)和抗菌药物输注。滑模控制器(SMC)主要用于控制非线性系统免受外部干扰和参数不确定性的影响。在控制信号生成的基础上,根据临床经验提出控制信号的约束条件,使所应用的控制信号适合于人体健康,提高了控制器的性能。由于急性炎症反应的行为存在多个平衡点,因此难以设计无输入约束的基于模型的控制器。在数值应用中,控制了脓毒性死亡和无菌性死亡的干扰情况,并获得了可接受的性能,为今后的临床应用提供了参考。
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引用次数: 0
A Smartphone Controlled Fertilizing and Plant Watering Garduino 智能手机控制施肥和植物浇水Garduino
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.803817
B. A. Reddy, N. U. Reddy, D. S. Teja, V. S. Rajam, N. Kapileswar
We know that plants require water for their survival, but all of them don't need the same amount of water. Too much or too little water both can be harmful to the plants. In the same way, fertilizing the plants are also important as most of the soils are infertile these days. The objective of this paper is to develop a robot that can tell us how much water a plant requires and water it accordingly as well as fertilize it. This robot is being controlled by a Bluetooth module, and it carries a water and fertilizer tank, a soil sensor, and a digital display. Initially, the soil is fertilized, then the soil sensor is implanted into the soil, and the moisture percentage is displayed in the digital display, accordingly, the plants are watered until the moisture content reaches 100%. This system helps in watering and fertilizing the plants properly so that the plants can thrive.
我们知道植物需要水才能生存,但它们需要的水量并不相同。水太多或太少都对植物有害。同样,给植物施肥也很重要,因为现在大部分土壤都是贫瘠的。这篇论文的目标是开发一个机器人,它可以告诉我们一株植物需要多少水,并相应地浇水和施肥。这个机器人由一个蓝牙模块控制,它携带一个水肥罐、一个土壤传感器和一个数字显示器。首先对土壤进行施肥,然后将土壤传感器植入土壤中,并在数字显示器中显示水分百分比,据此对植物进行浇水,直到水分含量达到100%。这个系统有助于给植物适当的浇水和施肥,使植物茁壮成长。
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引用次数: 2
Design and Development of a Mobile Robot for Search and Rescue Operations in Debris 一种用于残骸搜救的移动机器人的设计与开发
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.800840
Yakupcan Baldemir, Soner Iyigün, Oruj Musayev, C. Ulu
After an earthquake, critical tasks during the search and rescue operations are to quickly detect the locations of victims and recover them. Additionally, effective communication between responders in the field and the emergency management center is also important to provide successful operations. All these tasks are mostly performed by humans and trained dogs in dangerous and risky situations. In this study, the design and development of a mobile search and rescue robot are presented. The design criteria are determined based on operational requirements and stakeholder expectations. Considering the specified design criteria, the mechanical and electrical designs of the mobile robot are performed and corresponding control, communication, and user interface software are developed. Designed parts of the robot are manufactured and the system integration is done. Then robot functionality tests are performed. The test results show that the performance of the developed search and rescue robot meets the desired performance criteria. The developed search and rescue robot has great potential to provide an efficient way to reduce losses of lives by decreasing operation time and for getting accurate information about the situation of the disaster area.
地震发生后,搜救行动的关键任务是迅速发现受害者的位置并将他们救出。此外,现场响应者与应急管理中心之间的有效沟通对于提供成功的行动也很重要。所有这些任务大多是由人类和受过训练的狗在危险和危险的情况下完成的。在本研究中,介绍了一种移动搜救机器人的设计与开发。设计标准是根据操作需求和涉众期望确定的。根据规定的设计准则,对移动机器人进行了机械和电气设计,并开发了相应的控制、通信和用户界面软件。制作了机器人的设计零件,并进行了系统集成。然后进行机器人功能测试。试验结果表明,所研制的搜救机器人性能达到了预期的性能标准。开发的搜救机器人具有很大的潜力,可以通过减少操作时间和获得准确的灾区情况信息来提供有效的方法来减少生命损失。
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引用次数: 2
Submersible Pump Vortex Detection Using Image Processing Technique and Neuro-Fuzzy 基于图像处理和神经模糊的潜水泵涡流检测
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.18100/ijamec.804049
Akif Durdu, N. Orhan, Seyit Alperen Celtek, Muhammet Fatih Aslan, K. Sabanci
The vortex means the mass of air or water that spins around very fast that often faced in the agriculture irrigation systems used the pump. The undesired effects like loss of hydraulic performance, erosion, vibration and noise may occur because of the vortex in pump systems. It is important to detect and prevent vortex for the economic life and efficiency of the agriculture pump. The image processing and neuro-fuzzy based novel model is proposed for the detection of a vortex in the deep well pump used in the agriculture system with this paper. The used images and data submergence, flow rate, the diameter of the pipe, power consumption, pressure values and noise values- is acquired from an experimental pump. The proposed approach consists of three steps; Neuro-Fuzzy Learning, Image Processing and Neuro-Fuzzy Testing. In the first step, the eighty-two data have employed for the training process of the Neuro-Fuzzy. Then, the images derived from a camera placed near the experimental pump are used to detect vortex in the image processing step. Finally, the relevant data to vortex cases have employed for the testing process of the Neuro-Fuzzy. The result of this study demonstrates that image processing and neuro-fuzzy based design can be successfully used to detect vortex formation. This paper has provided novel contributions in the vortex detection issue such as find out vortex cases by using image processing and Neuro-Fuzzy. The image processing method has shed light on the studies to be done in the classification of vortexes and the measurement of their strength.
旋涡是指在使用水泵的农业灌溉系统中经常遇到的快速旋转的空气或水的质量。由于泵系统中存在旋涡,可能会造成水力性能下降、腐蚀、振动和噪声等不良影响。涡旋的检测和预防对农业泵的经济寿命和效率具有重要意义。本文提出了一种基于图像处理和神经模糊的农业系统深井泵涡流检测新模型。所使用的图像和数据,淹没,流量,管道直径,功耗,压力值和噪声值,都是从实验泵获得的。建议的方法包括三个步骤;神经模糊学习,图像处理和神经模糊测试。在第一步中,82个数据被用于神经模糊模型的训练过程。然后,在图像处理步骤中,使用放置在实验泵附近的相机获得的图像来检测漩涡。最后,利用涡旋案例的相关数据对神经模糊模型进行测试。研究结果表明,图像处理和基于神经模糊的设计可以成功地用于检测涡流的形成。本文在利用图像处理和神经模糊技术寻找漩涡案例等漩涡检测问题上做出了新的贡献。图像处理方法为旋涡分类和旋涡强度测量的研究提供了新的思路。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers
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