In the present manuscript, the growth profile of the microalgae Spirulina sp. NCIM 5143 was studied. Screening was performed on four commercial media, i.e., blue‒green-11 (BG-11), Bold’s basal medium (BBM), algal culture medium (ACM), Zarrouk’s medium (ZM), and different concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) of unsterilized dairy effluent (UDE). Characterization of biomass was performed to assess its biochemical composition through various assays. Elemental composition and bioactive compound analysis were accomplished by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‒AES) and gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS), respectively. The results revealed that maximum values of most of the parameters, i.e., optical density (0.21), chlorophyll (2.00 mg/l), proteins (119.17 mg/l), and wet (4.06 g/l) and dry biomass weight (0.28 g/l), were found on ZM. For UDE, maximum growth parameters and the highest nutrient removal efficiency were obtained at 100% concentration. Biochemical analysis revealed that total Kjeldahl nitrogen (7.14±0.49%), crude protein (48.23± 3.34%), total antioxidant activity (3.07±0.03 mg AAE/g), and total phenols (8.88±1.93 mg GAE/g) were present in the biomass. Elemental and GC‒MS analysis detected essential micronutrients and many bioactive compounds, respectively. Hence, this study proved that Spirulina sp. NCIM 5143 has the potential for the management of waste dairy effluent. This study also showed its cost-effectiveness, as the dairy effluent analyzed is used without any kind of sterilization. In addition, its biomass is rich in several essential elements, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds of therapeutic and nutraceutical importance.
{"title":"Analysis of the growth profile, biochemical composition and nutrient removal efficacy of Spirulina sp. NCIM 5143","authors":"Nishu Sharma, U. Phutela","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22712574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22712574","url":null,"abstract":"In the present manuscript, the growth profile of the microalgae Spirulina sp. NCIM 5143 was studied. Screening was performed on four commercial media, i.e., blue‒green-11 (BG-11), Bold’s basal medium (BBM), algal culture medium (ACM), Zarrouk’s medium (ZM), and different concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) of unsterilized dairy effluent (UDE). Characterization of biomass was performed to assess its biochemical composition through various assays. Elemental composition and bioactive compound analysis were accomplished by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‒AES) and gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS), respectively. The results revealed that maximum values of most of the parameters, i.e., optical density (0.21), chlorophyll (2.00 mg/l), proteins (119.17 mg/l), and wet (4.06 g/l) and dry biomass weight (0.28 g/l), were found on ZM. For UDE, maximum growth parameters and the highest nutrient removal efficiency were obtained at 100% concentration. Biochemical analysis revealed that total Kjeldahl nitrogen (7.14±0.49%), crude protein (48.23± 3.34%), total antioxidant activity (3.07±0.03 mg AAE/g), and total phenols (8.88±1.93 mg GAE/g) were present in the biomass. Elemental and GC‒MS analysis detected essential micronutrients and many bioactive compounds, respectively. Hence, this study proved that Spirulina sp. NCIM 5143 has the potential for the management of waste dairy effluent. This study also showed its cost-effectiveness, as the dairy effluent analyzed is used without any kind of sterilization. In addition, its biomass is rich in several essential elements, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds of therapeutic and nutraceutical importance.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"21 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article highlights the importance of terminology in ecology as a fundamental tool for clear and objective communication among scientists, as well as for standardizing study methods and techniques used by ecologists. Terminology refers to a set of terms, concepts, and definitions that are established and accepted by professionals in the field, enabling precise descriptions of species, ecosystems, and ecological processes. However, it is important to note that terminology in ecology is constantly evolving, and it is essential for ecological professionals to stay up to date with changes to contribute to the advancement of science. Understanding the historical process of ecological terminologies is also necessary to comprehend their meanings and how their interactions can affect the understanding of ecology itself. In this sense, we have provided a historical contextualization of several important concepts in community ecology, such as biodiversity, trophic levels, ecological niches, ecological guilds, and functional groups. We have also made comparisons and differentiations between these concepts throughout the history of these terms.
{"title":"Historical summary of terminologies in community ecology","authors":"Tarik Godoy Dangl Plaza","doi":"10.36953/ecj.23062601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23062601","url":null,"abstract":"This article highlights the importance of terminology in ecology as a fundamental tool for clear and objective communication among scientists, as well as for standardizing study methods and techniques used by ecologists. Terminology refers to a set of terms, concepts, and definitions that are established and accepted by professionals in the field, enabling precise descriptions of species, ecosystems, and ecological processes. However, it is important to note that terminology in ecology is constantly evolving, and it is essential for ecological professionals to stay up to date with changes to contribute to the advancement of science. Understanding the historical process of ecological terminologies is also necessary to comprehend their meanings and how their interactions can affect the understanding of ecology itself. In this sense, we have provided a historical contextualization of several important concepts in community ecology, such as biodiversity, trophic levels, ecological niches, ecological guilds, and functional groups. We have also made comparisons and differentiations between these concepts throughout the history of these terms.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arvind Kumar, Amit Kumar, S. Prakash, Shalini Singh, V. Pandey, Dushyant Kumar, Devendra Pal
The evaluation of different mango varieties was conducted during 2019-20 and 2020-21. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with four varieties, namely, Ambika, Pusa Arunima, Kesar, and Dashehari-51, each replicated three times. The plants were spaced at 4x4 m intervals. The results obtained demonstrated significant variations in various parameters, ranging from minimum to maximum values. The canopy spread ranged from 1.77 to 7.49 m, stem girth from 16.67 to 40 cm, number of fruits per plant from 21 to 118, fruit length from 92.04 to 123.28 mm, fruit width from 56.02 to 77.41 mm, and fruit weight from 202 to 591 g. However, the number of primary branches (2-3) and plant height (1.54-4.35 m) were found to be nonsignificant. Based on the morpho-economic traits, Pusa Arunima appeared to be a superior variety in terms of tree morpho-economic traits, while others were considered moderate. Considering the average number of fruits per plant and fruit weight (g) over a two-year period, Pusa Arunima clearly outperformed the other three varieties in terms of yield. Furthermore, Pusa Arunima, Kesar, and Ambika exhibited more marketable fruit traits. These findings emphasize the significant diversity among the examined mango cultivars. Therefore, it is crucial to protect and preserve these valuable genetic resources for future breeding programs aimed at developing novel and commercially viable cultivars.
{"title":"Assessment of different elite mango varieties suitable for North western plain zones of Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Arvind Kumar, Amit Kumar, S. Prakash, Shalini Singh, V. Pandey, Dushyant Kumar, Devendra Pal","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22812581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22812581","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of different mango varieties was conducted during 2019-20 and 2020-21. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with four varieties, namely, Ambika, Pusa Arunima, Kesar, and Dashehari-51, each replicated three times. The plants were spaced at 4x4 m intervals. The results obtained demonstrated significant variations in various parameters, ranging from minimum to maximum values. The canopy spread ranged from 1.77 to 7.49 m, stem girth from 16.67 to 40 cm, number of fruits per plant from 21 to 118, fruit length from 92.04 to 123.28 mm, fruit width from 56.02 to 77.41 mm, and fruit weight from 202 to 591 g. However, the number of primary branches (2-3) and plant height (1.54-4.35 m) were found to be nonsignificant. Based on the morpho-economic traits, Pusa Arunima appeared to be a superior variety in terms of tree morpho-economic traits, while others were considered moderate. Considering the average number of fruits per plant and fruit weight (g) over a two-year period, Pusa Arunima clearly outperformed the other three varieties in terms of yield. Furthermore, Pusa Arunima, Kesar, and Ambika exhibited more marketable fruit traits. These findings emphasize the significant diversity among the examined mango cultivars. Therefore, it is crucial to protect and preserve these valuable genetic resources for future breeding programs aimed at developing novel and commercially viable cultivars.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139277590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santosh Suradkar, M. Shirbhate, Purushottam Ingle, Milind Sawdekar, Amol Sawant, Amrita Shirbhate, Samish Ravi Dhongle
The present study was carried out during a bird race organized in Karanja-Sohol Wildlife sanctuary Karanja, district Washim Maharashtra, India. The objective of this study was to assess the avifauna of wildlife sanctuaries. Due to the geological and ecological complexity of the area, it has become imperative to conduct research on the region's avian diversity. It is challenging to conduct this assessment, as the wildlife sanctuary is divided into numerous patches by the state highway running through it. Sanctuary is surrounded by numerous villages and agricultural land, which creates human interference and livestock grazing. This checklist will serve as a baseline for further study, as there is no published checklist of this area. In the present investigation, we reported a total of 151 bird species during the exhaustive survey by the authors and accompanied volunteers during the census organized by the wildlife department. The observed species of birds belong to 55 families and 17 orders. They also recorded their residential and IUCN red data status.
{"title":"Study on avifauna and species richness in Karanja-Sohol wildlife sanctuary, (MS) India","authors":"Santosh Suradkar, M. Shirbhate, Purushottam Ingle, Milind Sawdekar, Amol Sawant, Amrita Shirbhate, Samish Ravi Dhongle","doi":"10.36953/ecj.23092597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23092597","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out during a bird race organized in Karanja-Sohol Wildlife sanctuary Karanja, district Washim Maharashtra, India. The objective of this study was to assess the avifauna of wildlife sanctuaries. Due to the geological and ecological complexity of the area, it has become imperative to conduct research on the region's avian diversity. It is challenging to conduct this assessment, as the wildlife sanctuary is divided into numerous patches by the state highway running through it. Sanctuary is surrounded by numerous villages and agricultural land, which creates human interference and livestock grazing. This checklist will serve as a baseline for further study, as there is no published checklist of this area. In the present investigation, we reported a total of 151 bird species during the exhaustive survey by the authors and accompanied volunteers during the census organized by the wildlife department. The observed species of birds belong to 55 families and 17 orders. They also recorded their residential and IUCN red data status.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139277285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Jose, Soni Kb, S. Alex, Shalini Pillai P., Jayalekshmy V.G., Roy Stephen, Kiran A.G., M. Dongare
The current study demonstrates the influence of conventional and organic nutrient management practices on nitrogen use efficiency, growth, yield, and physiological and biochemical parameters in four rice varieties, namely, Jaiva, Ezhome 2, Jyothi and Uma. Growth parameters, grain yield per hill, and physiological and biochemical parameters were higher under conventional management for all rice varieties. Although the nitrogen use efficiency of each variety varied significantly with nutrient management practices, the variation was least in Jaiva (23.8%), which is the organic rice variety released by Kerala Agricultural University. The rice varieties Jaiva and Ezhome 2 showed consistency in the grain weight per panicle under both conventional (Jaiva- 4.57 g, Ezhome 2- 5.86 g) and organic (Jaiva, 4.24 g, Ezhome 2, 4.54 g) management. The soil nitrogen content at the tillering stage (0.66**) showed a significantly higher positive correlation with nitrogen use efficiency under organic management. The results of the study provide a better understanding of factors that can lead to a sustained yield in organic rice production in terms of nitrogen use efficiency.
{"title":"Productivity and nitrogen use efficiency of rice under conventional and organic nutrition","authors":"Elizabeth Jose, Soni Kb, S. Alex, Shalini Pillai P., Jayalekshmy V.G., Roy Stephen, Kiran A.G., M. Dongare","doi":"10.36953/ecj.23132599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23132599","url":null,"abstract":"The current study demonstrates the influence of conventional and organic nutrient management practices on nitrogen use efficiency, growth, yield, and physiological and biochemical parameters in four rice varieties, namely, Jaiva, Ezhome 2, Jyothi and Uma. Growth parameters, grain yield per hill, and physiological and biochemical parameters were higher under conventional management for all rice varieties. Although the nitrogen use efficiency of each variety varied significantly with nutrient management practices, the variation was least in Jaiva (23.8%), which is the organic rice variety released by Kerala Agricultural University. The rice varieties Jaiva and Ezhome 2 showed consistency in the grain weight per panicle under both conventional (Jaiva- 4.57 g, Ezhome 2- 5.86 g) and organic (Jaiva, 4.24 g, Ezhome 2, 4.54 g) management. The soil nitrogen content at the tillering stage (0.66**) showed a significantly higher positive correlation with nitrogen use efficiency under organic management. The results of the study provide a better understanding of factors that can lead to a sustained yield in organic rice production in terms of nitrogen use efficiency.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139276498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study analyses water quality parameters in the Kuwano River, Basti district, using correlation and regression analysis to establish relationships between variables and provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing water quality. Kuwano is the main river that flows through Basti city. The water samples were collected at three locations. The values of different physicochemical parameters of the river water sample were found to be dependent on the hydrology of the area. The pH was strongly associated with TDS (r = 0.885), DO (r = 0.744), COD (r = 0.969), TH (r = 0.806), and Mg (r = 0.944). The biological oxygen demand (BOD) (-0.345), nitrate (-0.235), and calcium (-0.128) exhibited an inverse correlation with total dissolved solids (TDS), whereas nitrate and calcium had a positive correlation with all other physicochemical parameters. The mean TDS value of the river water sample (81.2) was within the permissible limit for drinking water. The total coliform counts established a negative correlation with most of the parameters studied, e.g., dissolved oxygen (-0.628), BOD (-0.983), chemical oxygen demand (-0.194), total hardness (-0.549), nitrate (-0.955), Ca (-0.918) and Mg (-0.279). The study's findings may provide practical information for decision making in river pollution management.
{"title":"Water quality assessment of Kuwano River, Basti (U.P.) India, with reference to statistical analysis","authors":"Gopalshree Kushwaha, Susmita Srivastav","doi":"10.36953/ecj.23222605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23222605","url":null,"abstract":"The present study analyses water quality parameters in the Kuwano River, Basti district, using correlation and regression analysis to establish relationships between variables and provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing water quality. Kuwano is the main river that flows through Basti city. The water samples were collected at three locations. The values of different physicochemical parameters of the river water sample were found to be dependent on the hydrology of the area. The pH was strongly associated with TDS (r = 0.885), DO (r = 0.744), COD (r = 0.969), TH (r = 0.806), and Mg (r = 0.944). The biological oxygen demand (BOD) (-0.345), nitrate (-0.235), and calcium (-0.128) exhibited an inverse correlation with total dissolved solids (TDS), whereas nitrate and calcium had a positive correlation with all other physicochemical parameters. The mean TDS value of the river water sample (81.2) was within the permissible limit for drinking water. The total coliform counts established a negative correlation with most of the parameters studied, e.g., dissolved oxygen (-0.628), BOD (-0.983), chemical oxygen demand (-0.194), total hardness (-0.549), nitrate (-0.955), Ca (-0.918) and Mg (-0.279). The study's findings may provide practical information for decision making in river pollution management.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"370 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139277086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shilpa, Parveen Sharma, Manpreet Kaur, Akhilesh Sharma, R. S. Rana, Prabhat Kumar
Bionutrients play a vital role in enhancing soil productivity and sustainable agricultural production. In vegetable crops, limited information is available on the relevance of bionutrients in solanaceous crops under protected conditions. Therefore, an experiment was planned to study the response of bionutrients under the modified naturally ventilated polyhouse in mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh for two consecutive years. Various bell pepper varieties, viz., Mekong, Orobelle, Indra and DPCY1, were subjected to a set of bionutrient sources (beejamrit, ghanjeevamrit, jeevamrit and mulching). The results showed that there was a substantial increase in yield parameters in the treatment module, i.e., Mekong + beejamrit@ 200 ml/kg + ghanjeevamrit@5q/ha + jeevamrit @ 500 lt/ha at 21-day intervals + mulching @ 10 t/ha. This treatment exhibited a minimum number of days to 50% flowering (24.16), maximum number of marketable fruits per plant (28.40), fruit length (7.68 cm), fruit breadth (7.70 cm), pericarp thickness (9.15 mm), average fruit weight (109.53 g), plant height (84.06 cm) and marketable yield per plant (3.11 kg). However, Mekong + beejamrit @ 200 ml/kg + ghanjeevamrit @5q/ha + jeevamrit@ 500 lt/ha at 28-day intervals + mulching @ 10 t/hattreatment proved best for total soluble solids (4.58 °Brix), ascorbic acid (166.50 mg/100 g), capsaicin content (6.64%) and carotenoid content (2.43 mg/100 g). Horticultural and biochemical traits were appreciably enhanced after bionutrient application in bell pepper. Therefore, outcomes from the study point out that it is a feasible and economical approach for farmers.
{"title":"Dynamics of bell pepper using bio nutrient sources in the northwestern Himalayas","authors":"Shilpa, Parveen Sharma, Manpreet Kaur, Akhilesh Sharma, R. S. Rana, Prabhat Kumar","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22872585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22872585","url":null,"abstract":"Bionutrients play a vital role in enhancing soil productivity and sustainable agricultural production. In vegetable crops, limited information is available on the relevance of bionutrients in solanaceous crops under protected conditions. Therefore, an experiment was planned to study the response of bionutrients under the modified naturally ventilated polyhouse in mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh for two consecutive years. Various bell pepper varieties, viz., Mekong, Orobelle, Indra and DPCY1, were subjected to a set of bionutrient sources (beejamrit, ghanjeevamrit, jeevamrit and mulching). The results showed that there was a substantial increase in yield parameters in the treatment module, i.e., Mekong + beejamrit@ 200 ml/kg + ghanjeevamrit@5q/ha + jeevamrit @ 500 lt/ha at 21-day intervals + mulching @ 10 t/ha. This treatment exhibited a minimum number of days to 50% flowering (24.16), maximum number of marketable fruits per plant (28.40), fruit length (7.68 cm), fruit breadth (7.70 cm), pericarp thickness (9.15 mm), average fruit weight (109.53 g), plant height (84.06 cm) and marketable yield per plant (3.11 kg). However, Mekong + beejamrit @ 200 ml/kg + ghanjeevamrit @5q/ha + jeevamrit@ 500 lt/ha at 28-day intervals + mulching @ 10 t/hattreatment proved best for total soluble solids (4.58 °Brix), ascorbic acid (166.50 mg/100 g), capsaicin content (6.64%) and carotenoid content (2.43 mg/100 g). Horticultural and biochemical traits were appreciably enhanced after bionutrient application in bell pepper. Therefore, outcomes from the study point out that it is a feasible and economical approach for farmers.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"118 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139279386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder due to melanocyte destruction in the epidermis. It is a social stigma. Therefore, it affects the patient psychologically as well. Various therapies have been evaluated in the management of vitiligo. Vamana is a helpful panchakarma to treat skin diseases, but it has still not been studied. To study the efficacy of Vamana, we randomly selected 30 patients with vitiligo and divided them into two groups of 15 patients in each group. For Group A, Vamana was administered, and oral Swayambhu Guggul was administered at 500 mg/day with cow urine and Savarnakar Lepa for local application. This treatment was given for six weeks. In Group -B, the same treatment was given without Vamana. The Vitiligo Area Severity Index (VASI) and overall assessment were used to assess the results. Group A decreased the score from 59.67 to 27.20 ± 18.28, and Group B decreased the score from 42.6 to 36.2 ± 7.58. The P value was statistically significant in Group A and nonsignificant in Group B. In the overall assessment, Group A showed statistically significant results. We concluded that Vamana with Shaman Chikitsa is more efficacious than Shaman Chikitsa alone, but more studies are required to ascertain whether vitiligo can be reversed completely by the combined treatment of Vamana and Shaman Chikitsa.
{"title":"A randomized clinical trial of Shaman chikitsa versus Shaman chikitsa with vamana in vitiligo (Shwitra)","authors":"Girish Kumar Damor, Krupali Raut, Satyajit Kulkarni","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22992593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22992593","url":null,"abstract":"Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder due to melanocyte destruction in the epidermis. It is a social stigma. Therefore, it affects the patient psychologically as well. Various therapies have been evaluated in the management of vitiligo. Vamana is a helpful panchakarma to treat skin diseases, but it has still not been studied. To study the efficacy of Vamana, we randomly selected 30 patients with vitiligo and divided them into two groups of 15 patients in each group. For Group A, Vamana was administered, and oral Swayambhu Guggul was administered at 500 mg/day with cow urine and Savarnakar Lepa for local application. This treatment was given for six weeks. In Group -B, the same treatment was given without Vamana. The Vitiligo Area Severity Index (VASI) and overall assessment were used to assess the results. Group A decreased the score from 59.67 to 27.20 ± 18.28, and Group B decreased the score from 42.6 to 36.2 ± 7.58. The P value was statistically significant in Group A and nonsignificant in Group B. In the overall assessment, Group A showed statistically significant results. We concluded that Vamana with Shaman Chikitsa is more efficacious than Shaman Chikitsa alone, but more studies are required to ascertain whether vitiligo can be reversed completely by the combined treatment of Vamana and Shaman Chikitsa.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"7 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139279439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment to diversify the rice‒wheat system to increase employment and income was conducted during 2017-18 at the research farm of CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Palampur with eight cropping systems that were replicated four times. One-year results revealed that the highest rice grain yield (16477 kg/ha), net returns (₹ 219828/ha) and marginal returns (₹80946) were recorded from the rice – palak – cucumber sequence. Okra – radish – onion resulted in maximum food availability (55.16 kg/ha/day), whereas employment generation was maximum from rice – lettuce – potato + coriander (102.91%). In terms of carbohydrate yield (5146 kg/ha), protein yield (640.6 kg/ha) and energy equivalent (23919 MJ/ha), it was highest from the rice – wheat sequence; however, in the case of carbohydrate and energy equivalent, it was on par with rice – lettuce – potato + coriander.
{"title":"Performance of different rice-based cropping systems in the wet temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh","authors":"Avnee Mandial, S. Negi, Puneet Kaur, Navneet Kaur","doi":"10.36953/ecj.23332603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23332603","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment to diversify the rice‒wheat system to increase employment and income was conducted during 2017-18 at the research farm of CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Palampur with eight cropping systems that were replicated four times. One-year results revealed that the highest rice grain yield (16477 kg/ha), net returns (₹ 219828/ha) and marginal returns (₹80946) were recorded from the rice – palak – cucumber sequence. Okra – radish – onion resulted in maximum food availability (55.16 kg/ha/day), whereas employment generation was maximum from rice – lettuce – potato + coriander (102.91%). In terms of carbohydrate yield (5146 kg/ha), protein yield (640.6 kg/ha) and energy equivalent (23919 MJ/ha), it was highest from the rice – wheat sequence; however, in the case of carbohydrate and energy equivalent, it was on par with rice – lettuce – potato + coriander.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139279563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The costs of food deterioration in terms of both money and health are rising. Fungi, bacteria, yeast, insects, and rodent contamination of food supplies continue to be a major public health concern. Chemical preservatives are effective but can be potentially fatal to human health in certain cases. As potent food preservatives, essential oils made from plants are a great alternative to synthetic preservatives. They also possess a variety of anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. The use of artificial sweeteners in food products, which raises safety questions and health issues while also having reduced nutritional value, is another problem in the food industry. Because natural sweeteners are linked to a healthy lifestyle and have superior nutritional qualities, consumers today prefer them. This article goes through the issues with artificial sweeteners and preservatives and goes into great length about the many different essential oils and natural sweeteners that are much safer and healthier alternatives.
{"title":"Application of natural preservatives and sweeteners in fruit products to reduce health risks - a review","authors":"Akash Sanjay Valliath, Vishal Johar, Radhajogita Mondal, Swarna Tejaswi, Piu Das, Ishita Saha","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22892594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22892594","url":null,"abstract":"The costs of food deterioration in terms of both money and health are rising. Fungi, bacteria, yeast, insects, and rodent contamination of food supplies continue to be a major public health concern. Chemical preservatives are effective but can be potentially fatal to human health in certain cases. As potent food preservatives, essential oils made from plants are a great alternative to synthetic preservatives. They also possess a variety of anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. The use of artificial sweeteners in food products, which raises safety questions and health issues while also having reduced nutritional value, is another problem in the food industry. Because natural sweeteners are linked to a healthy lifestyle and have superior nutritional qualities, consumers today prefer them. This article goes through the issues with artificial sweeteners and preservatives and goes into great length about the many different essential oils and natural sweeteners that are much safer and healthier alternatives.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"115 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139279428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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