A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of2020 with four main plot treatments consisting of irrigation levels (No post sowing irrigation, one irrigation at the flower initiation stage, one irrigation at the pod filling stage and two irrigations each at flower initiation and pod filling stage) and five subplot treatments as genotypes viz., MH 1142, MH 1468, MH 1703, MH 1762 and MH 1871 following split plot design by replicating thrice. Irrigating green gram, irrespective of the growth stage, increased the seed yield significantly. Two irrigations each at the flower initiation and podding stage bring about greater seed economic yield of green gram than 1 irrigation either at each stage. Among single irrigations, flower initiation stage provided significantly superior (8.6 %) seed yield compared to the pod filling stage. During the flower initiation stage, no rain and irrigation at this stage led to more development of crop plants, as is evident from a higher number of branches per plant and, ultimately, a higher number of pods. Two irrigations, i.e., each at flower initiation and podding phase, lead to considerably greater seed output than single irrigation at either growth stage, which may be attributed to the sufficient supply of water, which indirectly provided a smooth supply of nutrients to crop plants. The increase was 18.4 and 28.6 per cent over-irrigation at flowering and podding stage, respectively. Seed yield varied among green gram genotypes, which might be because of variations in the genetic potential of the genotypes. Genotype MH 1871 produced significantly higher seed yield among different genotypes. The cumulative effect of yield traits viz. pods per plant, branches per plant, seed index and seeds per pod attributed to the higher seed yield in MH 1871. This genotype was more efficient in utilizing radiations, as evident from the higher chlorophyll content recorded in this genotype. Genotype MH 1142 was the lowest yielder and MH 1762 although produced. To obtain a higher yield of green gram, genotype MH 1871 be taken with two irrigations each at flower initiation and pod filling stage.
{"title":"Biomass partitioning, yield and economic performance of green gram (Vigna radiate L.) genotypes as influenced by different irrigation levels","authors":"Anil Kumar Dhaka, Satish Kumar, Prakriti Dhaka, Ram Dhan Jat, Bhagat Singh","doi":"10.36953/ecj.15222512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.15222512","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of2020 with four main plot treatments consisting of irrigation levels (No post sowing irrigation, one irrigation at the flower initiation stage, one irrigation at the pod filling stage and two irrigations each at flower initiation and pod filling stage) and five subplot treatments as genotypes viz., MH 1142, MH 1468, MH 1703, MH 1762 and MH 1871 following split plot design by replicating thrice. Irrigating green gram, irrespective of the growth stage, increased the seed yield significantly. Two irrigations each at the flower initiation and podding stage bring about greater seed economic yield of green gram than 1 irrigation either at each stage. Among single irrigations, flower initiation stage provided significantly superior (8.6 %) seed yield compared to the pod filling stage. During the flower initiation stage, no rain and irrigation at this stage led to more development of crop plants, as is evident from a higher number of branches per plant and, ultimately, a higher number of pods. Two irrigations, i.e., each at flower initiation and podding phase, lead to considerably greater seed output than single irrigation at either growth stage, which may be attributed to the sufficient supply of water, which indirectly provided a smooth supply of nutrients to crop plants. The increase was 18.4 and 28.6 per cent over-irrigation at flowering and podding stage, respectively. Seed yield varied among green gram genotypes, which might be because of variations in the genetic potential of the genotypes. Genotype MH 1871 produced significantly higher seed yield among different genotypes. The cumulative effect of yield traits viz. pods per plant, branches per plant, seed index and seeds per pod attributed to the higher seed yield in MH 1871. This genotype was more efficient in utilizing radiations, as evident from the higher chlorophyll content recorded in this genotype. Genotype MH 1142 was the lowest yielder and MH 1762 although produced. To obtain a higher yield of green gram, genotype MH 1871 be taken with two irrigations each at flower initiation and pod filling stage.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"413 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135842866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hemp is dual purpose crop, where fibers and seeds have found its place in textile and food industry due to its strong fiber and nutrition content in seed. The cultivation of hemp is a new venture in India where farmers get dual income by both fibers and seeds hence, optimizing spacing and nutrient management to harness maximum yield of fiber and seed can double the income of farmers. The present investigation on economics of hemp cultivation revealed that the, maximum gross returns (Rs. 5,74,000/ ha) were obtained from plants grown at 10 cm × 5 cm spacing and supplied with 125 per cent RDF plus PGPR consortia but highest B:C ratio of 4.68 was observed in plants grown at spacing of 20 cm × 10 cm and nourished with 100 per cent of RDF plus PGPR consortia for fiber purposes. Upon considering seed economics maximum gross returns (Rs. 12,58,200/ ha) was recorded in the treatment combination of 10 cm × 10 cm spacing and supplied with 125 per cent RDF plus PGPR consortia while, maximum B:C ratio of 13.17 was noted from plots where plants were spaced at 15 cm × 10 cm and supplied with nutrition of 100 per cent RDF plus PGPR consortia for seed purposes.
{"title":"Comparing the economics of hemp (Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa) cultivation for fiber and seed yield as influenced by spacing and nutrition","authors":"Meghana HR, Maruthi Prasad B.N., Dhananjaya B.N., Shankrappa T.H., Harshaavardhan redi Sirupa","doi":"10.36953/ecj.16612528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.16612528","url":null,"abstract":"Hemp is dual purpose crop, where fibers and seeds have found its place in textile and food industry due to its strong fiber and nutrition content in seed. The cultivation of hemp is a new venture in India where farmers get dual income by both fibers and seeds hence, optimizing spacing and nutrient management to harness maximum yield of fiber and seed can double the income of farmers. The present investigation on economics of hemp cultivation revealed that the, maximum gross returns (Rs. 5,74,000/ ha) were obtained from plants grown at 10 cm × 5 cm spacing and supplied with 125 per cent RDF plus PGPR consortia but highest B:C ratio of 4.68 was observed in plants grown at spacing of 20 cm × 10 cm and nourished with 100 per cent of RDF plus PGPR consortia for fiber purposes. Upon considering seed economics maximum gross returns (Rs. 12,58,200/ ha) was recorded in the treatment combination of 10 cm × 10 cm spacing and supplied with 125 per cent RDF plus PGPR consortia while, maximum B:C ratio of 13.17 was noted from plots where plants were spaced at 15 cm × 10 cm and supplied with nutrition of 100 per cent RDF plus PGPR consortia for seed purposes.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135842868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeetendra Kumar Soni, B. Lalramhlimi, Vishambhar Dayal, Sunil Kumar Sunani, Lalhruaitluangi Sailo, Amarjeet Nibhoria, Shakuntala Ingudum, S Doley
A study was carried out for three years (2019, 2020 & 2021) in the experimental field at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib, Mizoram to check the performances of seven ginger genotypes viz., Gurubathani, Bold Nadia, Bhaise, John's ginger, PGS 121, PGS 95 and PGS 102 against Local ginger cv Thingria and their economic feasibility for commercialization in Mizoram, India. Out of seven genotypes when compared with Local ginger cv Thingria, five genotypes have out yielded Local cultivar in the range of 21.25 to 45.45% with Bhaise having 45.45% higher rhizome yield than Local ginger. On the other hand, Bold Nadia possesses a combination of good quality traits. The highest B:C ratio was obtained in Bhaise (2.08) followed by PGS 102 (1.99), Gorubathani (1.95) and Bold Nadia (1.87). The highest cost of cultivation was contributed by labour cost which was 53.40% of total cost of cultivation. The four genotypes viz., Bold Nadia, Bhaise, PGS 102 and Gorubathani can be selected as potential genotypes possessing optimum combination of all traits. Based on economic analysis, these genotypes can be considered for commercial purposes under Mizoram condition. Different production systems such as intercropping, pro-tray technology, and bulb extraction method may increase the overall income of farmers. Farmers need to venture the possibilities of value addition in ginger on commercial basis. Government intervention is required for creating marketing infrastructures, initiating youth-centered schemes, occasional skill training and developing farmer-friendly policies to protect them from market risks and exploitation. Ginger has been an important horticultural crop and widely marketed spice crop of Mizoram, a potential enterprise contributing to state economy
{"title":"Evaluation of ginger genotypes for commercial cultivation in Mizoram and future prospects","authors":"Jeetendra Kumar Soni, B. Lalramhlimi, Vishambhar Dayal, Sunil Kumar Sunani, Lalhruaitluangi Sailo, Amarjeet Nibhoria, Shakuntala Ingudum, S Doley","doi":"10.36953/ecj.16332516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.16332516","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out for three years (2019, 2020 & 2021) in the experimental field at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib, Mizoram to check the performances of seven ginger genotypes viz., Gurubathani, Bold Nadia, Bhaise, John's ginger, PGS 121, PGS 95 and PGS 102 against Local ginger cv Thingria and their economic feasibility for commercialization in Mizoram, India. Out of seven genotypes when compared with Local ginger cv Thingria, five genotypes have out yielded Local cultivar in the range of 21.25 to 45.45% with Bhaise having 45.45% higher rhizome yield than Local ginger. On the other hand, Bold Nadia possesses a combination of good quality traits. The highest B:C ratio was obtained in Bhaise (2.08) followed by PGS 102 (1.99), Gorubathani (1.95) and Bold Nadia (1.87). The highest cost of cultivation was contributed by labour cost which was 53.40% of total cost of cultivation. The four genotypes viz., Bold Nadia, Bhaise, PGS 102 and Gorubathani can be selected as potential genotypes possessing optimum combination of all traits. Based on economic analysis, these genotypes can be considered for commercial purposes under Mizoram condition. Different production systems such as intercropping, pro-tray technology, and bulb extraction method may increase the overall income of farmers. Farmers need to venture the possibilities of value addition in ginger on commercial basis. Government intervention is required for creating marketing infrastructures, initiating youth-centered schemes, occasional skill training and developing farmer-friendly policies to protect them from market risks and exploitation. Ginger has been an important horticultural crop and widely marketed spice crop of Mizoram, a potential enterprise contributing to state economy","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"325 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135842867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change has been a significant global challenge in recent years, resulting in adverse conditions for agricultural crops. Adverse climatic conditions, such as drought, flood, and extreme temperatures, have a significant impact on crop yields, resulting in food insecurity, economic losses, and environmental degradation. Agricultural experts have been working to develop innovative technologies to help farmers manage their crops better in adverse climatic conditions. One such technology is the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to model and manage agricultural crops. The main concern of this paper is to find the various applications of Artificial intelligence in agriculture to optimize irrigation and fertilizer application in adverse climatic conditions. By analyzing data on soil moisture levels and weather patterns, AI algorithms can determine the optimal timing and amount of irrigation and fertilizer application to maximize crop yield while minimizing water usage and fertilizer runoff. AI-based modeling and management of agricultural crops in adverse climatic conditions can help farmers improve crop yields, reduce costs, and mitigate the effects of climate change.
{"title":"Management of agriculture through artificial intelligence in adverse climatic conditions","authors":"Sheetanshu Gupta, N. Singh, Shakuli Kashyap","doi":"10.36953/ecj.23602638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23602638","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has been a significant global challenge in recent years, resulting in adverse conditions for agricultural crops. Adverse climatic conditions, such as drought, flood, and extreme temperatures, have a significant impact on crop yields, resulting in food insecurity, economic losses, and environmental degradation. Agricultural experts have been working to develop innovative technologies to help farmers manage their crops better in adverse climatic conditions. One such technology is the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to model and manage agricultural crops. The main concern of this paper is to find the various applications of Artificial intelligence in agriculture to optimize irrigation and fertilizer application in adverse climatic conditions. By analyzing data on soil moisture levels and weather patterns, AI algorithms can determine the optimal timing and amount of irrigation and fertilizer application to maximize crop yield while minimizing water usage and fertilizer runoff. AI-based modeling and management of agricultural crops in adverse climatic conditions can help farmers improve crop yields, reduce costs, and mitigate the effects of climate change.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85761085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pooja Singh, R. Tiwari, Rakesh Bhutiani, Vasu, F. Ahamad
According to the world Summit of sustainable Development, the major reason for lack of safe water is either scarcity of water or contamination of water sources. Therefore this study eye on developing nations, seeks to find sustainable, yet economically and socially practical solution to the problems associated with polluted water. To fulfil the objectives of the present study, two medicinal value plants Dhav (Anogeissuslatifolia wall.) and Aragvadha (Cassia fistula Linn.) were selected and absorbents were prepared from the bark of both the plants. Then the reactors were prepared using the different compositions of sand, gravel, absorbents of Dhavand Aragvadha and cotton.In this way four filter reactors were prepared. The feeding rate of raw water is maintained at 0.5 litre per hour. The results revealed that Dhav plant absorbent was found more effective thanAragvadha. All reactors shows different efficiencies for different parameters suggesting that reactors should be prepared based on need or targeted parameters. Over all reactor 4 shows better efficiency for all the parameters. The main exclusivity of the present reactor is low cost with no electricity demand. The prepared reactors are environment friendly and easily implementable but further study is required to prove it on large scale.
{"title":"Efficiency of reactors composed of plant based absorbents in combination with sand and gravel for physicochemical parameters of different category water","authors":"Pooja Singh, R. Tiwari, Rakesh Bhutiani, Vasu, F. Ahamad","doi":"10.36953/ecj.24122634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.24122634","url":null,"abstract":"According to the world Summit of sustainable Development, the major reason for lack of safe water is either scarcity of water or contamination of water sources. Therefore this study eye on developing nations, seeks to find sustainable, yet economically and socially practical solution to the problems associated with polluted water. To fulfil the objectives of the present study, two medicinal value plants Dhav (Anogeissuslatifolia wall.) and Aragvadha (Cassia fistula Linn.) were selected and absorbents were prepared from the bark of both the plants. Then the reactors were prepared using the different compositions of sand, gravel, absorbents of Dhavand Aragvadha and cotton.In this way four filter reactors were prepared. The feeding rate of raw water is maintained at 0.5 litre per hour. The results revealed that Dhav plant absorbent was found more effective thanAragvadha. All reactors shows different efficiencies for different parameters suggesting that reactors should be prepared based on need or targeted parameters. Over all reactor 4 shows better efficiency for all the parameters. The main exclusivity of the present reactor is low cost with no electricity demand. The prepared reactors are environment friendly and easily implementable but further study is required to prove it on large scale.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76078410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green approach of zinc oxide nanoparticle fabrication is a reliable reaction that has compatibility with many biological properties. In the present study the approach of zinc oxide nanoparticle has been synthesized by A. arvensis aerial part using ethanol extract. The morphological, compositional and structural properties have been investigated by SEM, XRD, and FTIR studies. XRD technique demonstrated the crystallite size of 17nm with the help of Debye-Scherrer's equation which was obtained in nanorange. SEM technique demonstrated their microscopic agglomerated crystal image of green synthesizes metal in zinc oxide nanoparticle. FTIR technique represents the different types of biomolecules i.e. phenol, alkynes etc. that are responsible for good nanoparticle fabrication. These biomolecules work as encapsulation and stabilization agents for nanoparticle fabrication. These all properties of nanoparticle fabrication have been responsible for the antimicrobial activity.
{"title":"Green fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles by Anagallis arvensis ethanolic extract and their antibacterial properties","authors":"Pooja Sharma, Sanjay Kumar, Navneet Bithel","doi":"10.36953/ecj.23592586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23592586","url":null,"abstract":"Green approach of zinc oxide nanoparticle fabrication is a reliable reaction that has compatibility with many biological properties. In the present study the approach of zinc oxide nanoparticle has been synthesized by A. arvensis aerial part using ethanol extract. The morphological, compositional and structural properties have been investigated by SEM, XRD, and FTIR studies. XRD technique demonstrated the crystallite size of 17nm with the help of Debye-Scherrer's equation which was obtained in nanorange. SEM technique demonstrated their microscopic agglomerated crystal image of green synthesizes metal in zinc oxide nanoparticle. FTIR technique represents the different types of biomolecules i.e. phenol, alkynes etc. that are responsible for good nanoparticle fabrication. These biomolecules work as encapsulation and stabilization agents for nanoparticle fabrication. These all properties of nanoparticle fabrication have been responsible for the antimicrobial activity.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87915006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natural disasters represent a grave danger that threatens the countries of the world as a whole due to the enormous losses that result from them at all human, economic, social, and environmental levels, which justifies the urgent need for international cooperation in providing humanitarian and relief assistance to the victims affected by these disasters. The importance of research related to the legal scope of humanitarian aid in cases of natural disasters appears with the increase in the frequency and intensity of disasters, the growing losses resulting from them, and the insufficiency of the material or technical capabilities to rescue the victims. Hence, there is a need for a regulating and binding law for the international community that is more stringent and enjoys the spontaneity and speed of the initiative in the moment of disaster. The recent events of the massive earthquake that struck southern Turkey and northern Syria revealed a significant gap in the mechanisms of dealing with the disaster after it occurred, which doubled the human and economic losses in particular. This is especially true with transparency and objectivity in presenting the dimensions and limits of the disaster through media coverage and social media.
{"title":"Humanitarian assistance in cases of natural disasters and the 2023 earthquake in Turkey and Syria","authors":"Maya Khater","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22842584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22842584","url":null,"abstract":"Natural disasters represent a grave danger that threatens the countries of the world as a whole due to the enormous losses that result from them at all human, economic, social, and environmental levels, which justifies the urgent need for international cooperation in providing humanitarian and relief assistance to the victims affected by these disasters. The importance of research related to the legal scope of humanitarian aid in cases of natural disasters appears with the increase in the frequency and intensity of disasters, the growing losses resulting from them, and the insufficiency of the material or technical capabilities to rescue the victims. Hence, there is a need for a regulating and binding law for the international community that is more stringent and enjoys the spontaneity and speed of the initiative in the moment of disaster. The recent events of the massive earthquake that struck southern Turkey and northern Syria revealed a significant gap in the mechanisms of dealing with the disaster after it occurred, which doubled the human and economic losses in particular. This is especially true with transparency and objectivity in presenting the dimensions and limits of the disaster through media coverage and social media.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84192441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Almost, in all flora and fauna, the species richness is affected by environmental changes; hence it is important to survey regularly to understand the current composition and diversity of different wildlife species in an ecosystem. The present study surveyed to assess the species distribution, conservation status, abundance and diversity of birds using the point count method, at two different habitats, a wetland (BhikundJheel; BJ) and a forest (Arjun Van; AV) in Hastinapur wildlife sanctuary, India. We surveyed early in the morning (before and after sunrise) and evening (before sunset) for 20 min at every point from January 2019 to April 2019. A total of 96 bird species were recorded, which belong to the 40 families and 15 orders. Out of 96 species, we recorded 67 resident bird species and 29 migratory bird species. The number of bird species specific to the type of habitat was higher in BhikundJheel than those in Arjun Van. The species richness and abundance were higher in the wetland (81; 5605)than in the forest habitat(45; 1716); however, evenness (J’) and diversity [Shannon-Weiner (H’) and Simpson diversity (D)]indices were higher in the forest habitat (J’: 0.827, H’: 3.420, D: 0.960) than in the wetland habitat (J’: 0.669, H’: 2.940, D: 0.827). Overall, we found that in the wetland habitats had more species richness than in the forests.
{"title":"Diversity, composition and conservation status of avian fauna in the forest and the wetland sites of Hastinapur wildlife sanctuary, India","authors":"Mayank Kumar, Ashwani Kumar, S. K. Bhardwaj","doi":"10.36953/ecj.23582617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23582617","url":null,"abstract":"Almost, in all flora and fauna, the species richness is affected by environmental changes; hence it is important to survey regularly to understand the current composition and diversity of different wildlife species in an ecosystem. The present study surveyed to assess the species distribution, conservation status, abundance and diversity of birds using the point count method, at two different habitats, a wetland (BhikundJheel; BJ) and a forest (Arjun Van; AV) in Hastinapur wildlife sanctuary, India. We surveyed early in the morning (before and after sunrise) and evening (before sunset) for 20 min at every point from January 2019 to April 2019. A total of 96 bird species were recorded, which belong to the 40 families and 15 orders. Out of 96 species, we recorded 67 resident bird species and 29 migratory bird species. The number of bird species specific to the type of habitat was higher in BhikundJheel than those in Arjun Van. The species richness and abundance were higher in the wetland (81; 5605)than in the forest habitat(45; 1716); however, evenness (J’) and diversity [Shannon-Weiner (H’) and Simpson diversity (D)]indices were higher in the forest habitat (J’: 0.827, H’: 3.420, D: 0.960) than in the wetland habitat (J’: 0.669, H’: 2.940, D: 0.827). Overall, we found that in the wetland habitats had more species richness than in the forests.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82515764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indoor aerosol PM 2.5 is more harmful due to its penetration deep into lungs most ofpeoplespendingmore than 90% of their time indoor. The present study is the first timeinvestigation to evaluate the indoor aerosols (PM 2.5) in the households located in residential, commercial and industrial sub urban areas Jammu District (J&K) during different seasons of the two year study period (2017-2019). The indoor PM 2.5 was observed to exhibit deceasing trend i.e. more in summer> winter >rainy season. In non-wood fuel burning households exhibited annual average indoor PM 2.5 values below the values prescribed by CPCB and wood fuel burning households exhibited values above the values prescribed by CPCB. Moreover the indoor aerosols (PM 2.5 ) was observed be to almost four times higher in wood fuel burning households as compared with that of non-wood fuel burning households.
{"title":"Assessment of seasonal variations in the fine particulate matter of indoor air in sub urban area of Jammu District (J&K), India","authors":"Nishu","doi":"10.36953/ecj.24152637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.24152637","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor aerosol PM 2.5 is more harmful due to its penetration deep into lungs most ofpeoplespendingmore than 90% of their time indoor. The present study is the first timeinvestigation to evaluate the indoor aerosols (PM 2.5) in the households located in residential, commercial and industrial sub urban areas Jammu District (J&K) during different seasons of the two year study period (2017-2019). The indoor PM 2.5 was observed to exhibit deceasing trend i.e. more in summer> winter >rainy season. In non-wood fuel burning households exhibited annual average indoor PM 2.5 values below the values prescribed by CPCB and wood fuel burning households exhibited values above the values prescribed by CPCB. Moreover the indoor aerosols (PM 2.5 ) was observed be to almost four times higher in wood fuel burning households as compared with that of non-wood fuel burning households.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85262929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) belongs to the Asteraceae family; an edible herb commonly found in subtropical and temperate regions worldwide. Traditionally dandelion is used in diarrhea, gout, jaundice, diabetes, pneumonia, urinary problems and to purify the blood. The phytochemical study of dandelion discovered the occurrence of β- sitosterol, stigmasterol, taraxsterol, lactucopicrin, lactucin, cichorin, taraxacoside, taraxacerin, campesterol, homotaraxasterol, etc. Anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of dandelion were studied. This plant has great therapeutic value and in order to overcome the problem of adulteration, the present study was aimed to standardize and preserve the quality parameters of the plant. Roots of Taraxacum officinale were subjected to measurements including macroscopy, microscopy, foreign organic content, ash value, extractive value, phytochemical screening, fluorescence analysis and chromatographic analysis. HPTLC analysis confirmed the presence of various phytocomponents. The macroscopic, microscopic and physico-chemical criteria presented here can help to identify the drug and to prepare the monograph.
{"title":"Standardization of roots of Taraxacum officinale","authors":"S. Thapliyal, M. Ahmad","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22532562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22532562","url":null,"abstract":"Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) belongs to the Asteraceae family; an edible herb commonly found in subtropical and temperate regions worldwide. Traditionally dandelion is used in diarrhea, gout, jaundice, diabetes, pneumonia, urinary problems and to purify the blood. The phytochemical study of dandelion discovered the occurrence of β- sitosterol, stigmasterol, taraxsterol, lactucopicrin, lactucin, cichorin, taraxacoside, taraxacerin, campesterol, homotaraxasterol, etc. Anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of dandelion were studied. This plant has great therapeutic value and in order to overcome the problem of adulteration, the present study was aimed to standardize and preserve the quality parameters of the plant. Roots of Taraxacum officinale were subjected to measurements including macroscopy, microscopy, foreign organic content, ash value, extractive value, phytochemical screening, fluorescence analysis and chromatographic analysis. HPTLC analysis confirmed the presence of various phytocomponents. The macroscopic, microscopic and physico-chemical criteria presented here can help to identify the drug and to prepare the monograph.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75275028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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