{"title":"The Mysterious Lipoprotein(a): Moving Towards Further Understanding of its Atherogenic Role.","authors":"Viviane Z Rocha, Raul D Santos","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic Correlations and Causal Insights: Pathways to Precision Medicine in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Yang Chen, Hong Yu Liu, Gregory Y H Lip","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae343","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High nicotine dependence - does knowing your genetic susceptibility for atrial fibrillation help to quit smoking?","authors":"Maja-Lisa Løchen, Victor Aboyans","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Although prior observational studies have suggested that patients with non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may have a higher risk of coronary artery calcification (CAC), these findings remain controversial. This study aimed to explore the causal association between NAFLD and CAC at genetic level by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Method: Utilizing summary-level data from multiple large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in European populations, a two-sample MR analysis was initially conducted to explore the potential causal association between NAFLD and CAC. The results of the MR analysis were pooled through random-effect meta-analysis. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method served as the primary approach for MR analysis. Additionally, the weighted median, MR-Egger and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods was applied for sensitivity analysis. Summary-level data on liver fatty content was utilized for validation analysis, while summary-level data on cirrhosis served as positive control, further ensuring the validity and robustness of our findings. Reverse MR analysis was performed to assess the association between CAC and NAFLD, employing instrument variables derived from CAC.
Results: The MR analysis indicated that genetically predicted NAFLD had no effects on the risk of CAC (Beta: 0.01, 95% CI: -0.02 to 0.03, P = 0.74). Likewise, the reverse MR analysis found no significant genetic association between CAC and NAFLD (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.06, P = 0.88). Validation analysis yielded consistent results, showing no significant association between fatty liver content and CAC.
Conclusion: Our two-sample MR analysis did not support that there is a causal association between NAFLD and CAC at genetic level. The association between NAFLD and CAC reported in some previous observational studies may rely on NAFLD complicated with metabolic disorders, rather than being directly linked to the hepatic steatosis.
{"title":"The Association between Non-Alcohol Liver Fatty Disease and Coronary Artery Calcification: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Liaoming He, Xieraili Tiemuerniyazi, Ziang Yang, Shengkang Huang, Lianxin Chen, Yifeng Nan, Yangwu Song, Wei Feng","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although prior observational studies have suggested that patients with non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may have a higher risk of coronary artery calcification (CAC), these findings remain controversial. This study aimed to explore the causal association between NAFLD and CAC at genetic level by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Utilizing summary-level data from multiple large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in European populations, a two-sample MR analysis was initially conducted to explore the potential causal association between NAFLD and CAC. The results of the MR analysis were pooled through random-effect meta-analysis. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method served as the primary approach for MR analysis. Additionally, the weighted median, MR-Egger and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods was applied for sensitivity analysis. Summary-level data on liver fatty content was utilized for validation analysis, while summary-level data on cirrhosis served as positive control, further ensuring the validity and robustness of our findings. Reverse MR analysis was performed to assess the association between CAC and NAFLD, employing instrument variables derived from CAC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MR analysis indicated that genetically predicted NAFLD had no effects on the risk of CAC (Beta: 0.01, 95% CI: -0.02 to 0.03, P = 0.74). Likewise, the reverse MR analysis found no significant genetic association between CAC and NAFLD (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.06, P = 0.88). Validation analysis yielded consistent results, showing no significant association between fatty liver content and CAC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our two-sample MR analysis did not support that there is a causal association between NAFLD and CAC at genetic level. The association between NAFLD and CAC reported in some previous observational studies may rely on NAFLD complicated with metabolic disorders, rather than being directly linked to the hepatic steatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vicente Artola Arita, Sara Beigrezaei, Oscar H Franco
{"title":"Risk factors for cardiovascular disease: the known unknown.","authors":"Vicente Artola Arita, Sara Beigrezaei, Oscar H Franco","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwad392","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwad392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138800569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Piergiuseppe Agostoni, Massimo Mapelli, Alice Bonomi, Elisabetta Salvioni
{"title":"Being a cardiologist looking in the mirror of prognosis assessment: who am I, a wizard or a mathematician?","authors":"Piergiuseppe Agostoni, Massimo Mapelli, Alice Bonomi, Elisabetta Salvioni","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae127","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140329756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High blood pressure and intracerebral haemorrhage: a recognized risk factor with new knowledge.","authors":"Sergio Cinza-Sanjurjo, José R González-Juanatey","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae187","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new editorial board for the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology: moving to a more global podium for cardiovascular research in preventive cardiology.","authors":"Victor Aboyans","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Prevention and rehabilitation after heart transplantation: A clinical consensus statement of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology, Heart Failure Association of the ESC, and the European Cardio Thoracic Transplant Association, a section of ESOT.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae226","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven H J Hageman, Stephen Kaptoge, Tamar I de Vries, Wentian Lu, Janet M Kist, Hendrikus J A van Os, Mattijs E Numans, Kristi Läll, Martin Bobak, Hynek Pikhart, Ruzena Kubinova, Sofia Malyutina, Andrzej Pająk, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Raimund Erbel, Andreas Stang, Börge Schmidt, Sara Schramm, Thomas R Bolton, Sarah Spackman, Stephan J L Bakker, Michael Blaha, Jolanda M A Boer, Amélie Bonnefond, Hermann Brenner, Eric J Brunner, Nancy R Cook, Karina Davidson, Elaine Dennison, Chiara Donfrancesco, Marcus Dörr, James S Floyd, Ian Ford, Michael Fu, Ron T Gansevoort, Simona Giampaoli, Richard F Gillum, Agustín Gómez-de-la-Cámara, Lise Lund Håheim, Per-Olof Hansson, Peter Harms, Steve E Humphries, M Kamran Ikram, J Wouter Jukema, Maryam Kavousi, Stefan Kiechl, Anna Kucharska-Newton, David Lora Pablos, Kunihiro Matsushita, Haakon E Meyer, Karel G M Moons, Martin Bødtker Mortensen, Mirthe Muilwijk, Børge G Nordestgaard, Chris Packard, Luigi Pamieri, Demosthenes Panagiotakos, Annette Peters, Louis Potier, Rui Providencia, Bruce M Psaty, Paul M Ridker, Beatriz Rodriguez, Annika Rosengren, Naveed Sattar, Ben Schöttker, Joseph E Schwartz, Steven Shea, Martin J Shipley, Reecha Sofat, Barbara Thorand, W M Monique Verschuren, Henry Völzke, Nicholas J Wareham, Leo Westbury, Peter Willeit, Bin Zhou, John Danesh, Frank L J Visseren, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Lisa Pennells, Jannick A N Dorresteijn
Aims: The 2021 European Society of Cardiology prevention guidelines recommend the use of (lifetime) risk prediction models to aid decisions regarding initiation of prevention. We aimed to update and systematically recalibrate the LIFEtime-perspective CardioVascular Disease (LIFE-CVD) model to four European risk regions for the estimation of lifetime CVD risk for apparently healthy individuals.
Methods and results: The updated LIFE-CVD (i.e. LIFE-CVD2) models were derived using individual participant data from 44 cohorts in 13 countries (687 135 individuals without established CVD, 30 939 CVD events in median 10.7 years of follow-up). LIFE-CVD2 uses sex-specific functions to estimate the lifetime risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD events with adjustment for the competing risk of non-CVD death and is systematically recalibrated to four distinct European risk regions. The updated models showed good discrimination in external validation among 1 657 707 individuals (61 311 CVD events) from eight additional European cohorts in seven countries, with a pooled C-index of 0.795 (95% confidence interval 0.767-0.822). Predicted and observed CVD event risks were well calibrated in population-wide electronic health records data in the UK (Clinical Practice Research Datalink) and the Netherlands (Extramural LUMC Academic Network). When using LIFE-CVD2 to estimate potential gain in CVD-free life expectancy from preventive therapy, projections varied by risk region reflecting important regional differences in absolute lifetime risk. For example, a 50-year-old smoking woman with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140 mmHg was estimated to gain 0.9 years in the low-risk region vs. 1.6 years in the very high-risk region from lifelong 10 mmHg SBP reduction. The benefit of smoking cessation for this individual ranged from 3.6 years in the low-risk region to 4.8 years in the very high-risk region.
Conclusion: By taking into account geographical differences in CVD incidence using contemporary representative data sources, the recalibrated LIFE-CVD2 model provides a more accurate tool for the prediction of lifetime risk and CVD-free life expectancy for individuals without previous CVD, facilitating shared decision-making for cardiovascular prevention as recommended by 2021 European guidelines.
{"title":"Prediction of individual lifetime cardiovascular risk and potential treatment benefit: development and recalibration of the LIFE-CVD2 model to four European risk regions.","authors":"Steven H J Hageman, Stephen Kaptoge, Tamar I de Vries, Wentian Lu, Janet M Kist, Hendrikus J A van Os, Mattijs E Numans, Kristi Läll, Martin Bobak, Hynek Pikhart, Ruzena Kubinova, Sofia Malyutina, Andrzej Pająk, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Raimund Erbel, Andreas Stang, Börge Schmidt, Sara Schramm, Thomas R Bolton, Sarah Spackman, Stephan J L Bakker, Michael Blaha, Jolanda M A Boer, Amélie Bonnefond, Hermann Brenner, Eric J Brunner, Nancy R Cook, Karina Davidson, Elaine Dennison, Chiara Donfrancesco, Marcus Dörr, James S Floyd, Ian Ford, Michael Fu, Ron T Gansevoort, Simona Giampaoli, Richard F Gillum, Agustín Gómez-de-la-Cámara, Lise Lund Håheim, Per-Olof Hansson, Peter Harms, Steve E Humphries, M Kamran Ikram, J Wouter Jukema, Maryam Kavousi, Stefan Kiechl, Anna Kucharska-Newton, David Lora Pablos, Kunihiro Matsushita, Haakon E Meyer, Karel G M Moons, Martin Bødtker Mortensen, Mirthe Muilwijk, Børge G Nordestgaard, Chris Packard, Luigi Pamieri, Demosthenes Panagiotakos, Annette Peters, Louis Potier, Rui Providencia, Bruce M Psaty, Paul M Ridker, Beatriz Rodriguez, Annika Rosengren, Naveed Sattar, Ben Schöttker, Joseph E Schwartz, Steven Shea, Martin J Shipley, Reecha Sofat, Barbara Thorand, W M Monique Verschuren, Henry Völzke, Nicholas J Wareham, Leo Westbury, Peter Willeit, Bin Zhou, John Danesh, Frank L J Visseren, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Lisa Pennells, Jannick A N Dorresteijn","doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae174","DOIUrl":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The 2021 European Society of Cardiology prevention guidelines recommend the use of (lifetime) risk prediction models to aid decisions regarding initiation of prevention. We aimed to update and systematically recalibrate the LIFEtime-perspective CardioVascular Disease (LIFE-CVD) model to four European risk regions for the estimation of lifetime CVD risk for apparently healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The updated LIFE-CVD (i.e. LIFE-CVD2) models were derived using individual participant data from 44 cohorts in 13 countries (687 135 individuals without established CVD, 30 939 CVD events in median 10.7 years of follow-up). LIFE-CVD2 uses sex-specific functions to estimate the lifetime risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD events with adjustment for the competing risk of non-CVD death and is systematically recalibrated to four distinct European risk regions. The updated models showed good discrimination in external validation among 1 657 707 individuals (61 311 CVD events) from eight additional European cohorts in seven countries, with a pooled C-index of 0.795 (95% confidence interval 0.767-0.822). Predicted and observed CVD event risks were well calibrated in population-wide electronic health records data in the UK (Clinical Practice Research Datalink) and the Netherlands (Extramural LUMC Academic Network). When using LIFE-CVD2 to estimate potential gain in CVD-free life expectancy from preventive therapy, projections varied by risk region reflecting important regional differences in absolute lifetime risk. For example, a 50-year-old smoking woman with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140 mmHg was estimated to gain 0.9 years in the low-risk region vs. 1.6 years in the very high-risk region from lifelong 10 mmHg SBP reduction. The benefit of smoking cessation for this individual ranged from 3.6 years in the low-risk region to 4.8 years in the very high-risk region.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By taking into account geographical differences in CVD incidence using contemporary representative data sources, the recalibrated LIFE-CVD2 model provides a more accurate tool for the prediction of lifetime risk and CVD-free life expectancy for individuals without previous CVD, facilitating shared decision-making for cardiovascular prevention as recommended by 2021 European guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12051,"journal":{"name":"European journal of preventive cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140944305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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