Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.22.021.16137
Barbara Swadzyniak
Barbarian in the room. Depictions of the Europeans on Japanese folding screens from the nanban period. A study on the example of the Kanō Naizen screen entitled Departure of the Southern Barbarians This article presents depictions of the Portuguese in Japanese art of the XVI century, portrayed on the byobu folding screens. The author tries to present historical and political context not only to explain the origin of the mentioned artworks but also to outline the origins and circumstances of the presence of the Portuguese in Japan. This article attempts to analyse the time and forms of depicting those newcomers in Japanese art, as well as to interpret their portrayals.
{"title":"Barbarzyńca za przepierzeniem. Przedstawienia Europejczyków na japońskich parawanach okresu nanban. Studium na przykładzie parawanu Kanō Naizena pt. Odjazd barbarzyńców z Południa","authors":"Barbara Swadzyniak","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.22.021.16137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.22.021.16137","url":null,"abstract":"Barbarian in the room. Depictions of the Europeans on Japanese folding screens from the nanban period. A study on the example of the Kanō Naizen screen entitled Departure of the Southern Barbarians\u0000\u0000This article presents depictions of the Portuguese in Japanese art of the XVI century, portrayed on the byobu folding screens. The author tries to present historical and political context not only to explain the origin of the mentioned artworks but also to outline the origins and circumstances of the presence of the Portuguese in Japan. This article attempts to analyse the time and forms of depicting those newcomers in Japanese art, as well as to interpret their portrayals.","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124001896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-20DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.20.034.12871
J. Pietrzak, Marek Reysowski, M. Krzaczek
Prestige brand strategy – the case of selected Asian technological companies Due to technological advance, in many sectors of the economy products have become very similar to each other. This is particularly true in relation to advanced technology products, which are often based on the same components and similar technology. This makes it difficult for an average consumer to make an assessment as to their quality and possible superiority. In this situation, brand becomes the most important differentiator and brand strategy has gained in critical importance in most technological companies. In order effectively to communicate with consumers, a brand has to focus on differentiating factors which are not common, and which are not being used by the other companies in an industry. Prestige is one of such original and nonobvious factors, defined in the present study as the ability of a brand to evoke feelings of individual uniqueness and social achievement. The aim of this article is to present Polish consumers’ prestige value perception of two Asian technological brands: Huawei and Samsung. These have been selected due to their leading position on the Polish mobile devices market. Analysis is based on empirical research made by means of CAWI interviews conducted with a sample of 1200 Poles. The research comprises two dimensions of prestige values: individual (uniqueness, personality demonstration, luxury) and social (proof of success, ability to impress others, status symbol). The results suggest that Samsung is perceived as a brand of higher prestige than Huawei in both dimensions: social and individual. Huawei is perceived as being fairly good in terms of proving success and of other social aspects, but it lacks the ability to evoke a feeling of individual uniqueness, personality expression, or luxury.
{"title":"Budowanie marki prestiżowej na przykładzie wybranych azjatyckich koncernów technologicznych","authors":"J. Pietrzak, Marek Reysowski, M. Krzaczek","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.20.034.12871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.20.034.12871","url":null,"abstract":"Prestige brand strategy – the case of selected Asian technological companies Due to technological advance, in many sectors of the economy products have become very similar to each other. This is particularly true in relation to advanced technology products, which are often based on the same components and similar technology. This makes it difficult for an average consumer to make an assessment as to their quality and possible superiority. In this situation, brand becomes the most important differentiator and brand strategy has gained in critical importance in most technological companies. In order effectively to communicate with consumers, a brand has to focus on differentiating factors which are not common, and which are not being used by the other companies in an industry. Prestige is one of such original and nonobvious factors, defined in the present study as the ability of a brand to evoke feelings of individual uniqueness and social achievement. The aim of this article is to present Polish consumers’ prestige value perception of two Asian technological brands: Huawei and Samsung. These have been selected due to their leading position on the Polish mobile devices market. Analysis is based on empirical research made by means of CAWI interviews conducted with a sample of 1200 Poles. The research comprises two dimensions of prestige values: individual (uniqueness, personality demonstration, luxury) and social (proof of success, ability to impress others, status symbol). The results suggest that Samsung is perceived as a brand of higher prestige than Huawei in both dimensions: social and individual. Huawei is perceived as being fairly good in terms of proving success and of other social aspects, but it lacks the ability to evoke a feeling of individual uniqueness, personality expression, or luxury.","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134230470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-20DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.20.039.12876
Michał Krotowski
Manggha (Feliks Jasieński) – on a little-known film by Kazimierz Mucha This article contains an analysis of an educational documentary film released in 1981 and directed by Kazimierz Mucha. The film is not accessible to a wider public, and a copy (not of the highest quality) is stored in the archive of the Wytwórnia Filmów Oświatowych (Educational Film Studio) in Łódź. However, this film is an interesting and unique example of the interest of Polish filmmaking in Japanese art. Despite what the title might suggest, this is not a biographical documentary. In it, only a few selected facts drawn from the life of Feliks Jasieński are presented, frequently interspersed with quotations. Above all, the makers of the film focused on a presentation of the collection of Japanese art gathered by Manggha (Jasieński’s artistic pseudonym), and also on its reception in Poland during Jasieński’s period of activity, that is at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Because it is a short film (this was surely a requirement imposed on the majority of educational films), the film refers to the abovementioned issues in a synthetic and incomplete fashion. Besides offering an analysis of the film, this article throws light on the somewhat forgotten figure of Jasieński and the Promethean ideas that he espoused of grafting several models drawn from Japanese culture on to Polish art, at a time when a broad Polish public encountered Japanese culture for the first time.
{"title":"Manggha – Feliks Jasieński. O mało znanym filmie Kazimierza Muchy","authors":"Michał Krotowski","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.20.039.12876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.20.039.12876","url":null,"abstract":"Manggha (Feliks Jasieński) – on a little-known film by Kazimierz Mucha This article contains an analysis of an educational documentary film released in 1981 and directed by Kazimierz Mucha. The film is not accessible to a wider public, and a copy (not of the highest quality) is stored in the archive of the Wytwórnia Filmów Oświatowych (Educational Film Studio) in Łódź. However, this film is an interesting and unique example of the interest of Polish filmmaking in Japanese art. Despite what the title might suggest, this is not a biographical documentary. In it, only a few selected facts drawn from the life of Feliks Jasieński are presented, frequently interspersed with quotations. Above all, the makers of the film focused on a presentation of the collection of Japanese art gathered by Manggha (Jasieński’s artistic pseudonym), and also on its reception in Poland during Jasieński’s period of activity, that is at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Because it is a short film (this was surely a requirement imposed on the majority of educational films), the film refers to the abovementioned issues in a synthetic and incomplete fashion. Besides offering an analysis of the film, this article throws light on the somewhat forgotten figure of Jasieński and the Promethean ideas that he espoused of grafting several models drawn from Japanese culture on to Polish art, at a time when a broad Polish public encountered Japanese culture for the first time.","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115883442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.19.004.11178
A. Ozga
{"title":"Wizja zaĹwiatĂłw w folklorze i wierzeniach japoĹskich","authors":"A. Ozga","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.19.004.11178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.19.004.11178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116408905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.19.003.11177
Joanna Gillmeister
{"title":"Tradycyjne i wspĂłĹczesne miejsce kimona w kulturze i spoĹeczeĹstwie japoĹskim","authors":"Joanna Gillmeister","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.19.003.11177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.19.003.11177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127052506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.19.006.11180
Wu Lan
{"title":"O konotacjach kolorystycznych w kulturze chiĹskiej â biaĹy i czarny","authors":"Wu Lan","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.19.006.11180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.19.006.11180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115043928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.19.001.11175
Jacek Splisgart
{"title":"Problem dyskryminacji w japoĹskiej szkole na tle transformacji systemu oĹwiatowego","authors":"Jacek Splisgart","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.19.001.11175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.19.001.11175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123743990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.19.008.11182
Oskar GruszczyĹski
Kino centralnie sterowane: planowanie tematyczne chinskich filmow oraz proby stworzenia gatunkow filmowych w latach 1949–1966
中央控制的电影：1949 至 1966 年间中国电影的主题规划和创造电影类型的尝试
{"title":"Kino centralnie sterowane: planowanie tematyczne chiĹskich filmĂłw oraz prĂłby stworzenia gatunkĂłw filmowych w latach 1949â1966","authors":"Oskar GruszczyĹski","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.19.008.11182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.19.008.11182","url":null,"abstract":"Kino centralnie sterowane: planowanie tematyczne chinskich filmow oraz proby stworzenia gatunkow filmowych w latach 1949–1966","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131122967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.21.002.14834
T. Bieliński, Małgorzata Lewińska
The perception of employing people with disabilities in China and the United States The concept of disability has been accompanied by controversies, stereotypes and stigmatization for years. Despite the fact that the number of people with disabilities in China and the United States is still growing, the issue of perceiving the functioning of disabled people in the society and including them to the work environment remains unsolved, notwithstanding the number of legal regulations and financial incentives in China and USA to change the employment of people with disabilities. This study compares the perception of employment of people with disabilities in China and the United States. The comparison was based on a self-conducted study among the Chinese community between February and March 2020 on a group of 121 people using the CAWI method (Computer Assisted Web Interview) and an American study: A national survey of consumer attitudes towards companies that hire people with disabilities, by G.N. Siperstein, N. Romano, A. Mohler, and R. Parker, conducted on 803 residents of the USA randomly selected for telephone interviews. The comparison took place, among others, in the assessment of the employment of disabled people by respondents in the context of other social activities in the company, as well as the satisfaction of the respondents with the results of the disabled at work. It was pointed out that in both China and the USA, previous experiences with people with disabilities may affect a more favorable approach towards employing disabled people. However, there are differences in the satisfaction with services provided by people with disabilities, as well as in trust in disabled workers, where Chinese residents have less positive attitude than their American counterparts.
在中美两国，雇佣残疾人的观念多年来一直伴随着争议、刻板印象和污名化。尽管中国和美国的残疾人数量仍在增长，但感知残疾人在社会中的功能并将他们纳入工作环境的问题仍未得到解决，尽管中国和美国有许多法律法规和财政激励措施来改变残疾人的就业。本研究比较了中美两国对残疾人就业的看法。该比较基于2020年2月至3月期间在中国社区使用CAWI方法(计算机辅助网络访谈)对121人进行的自我调查，以及美国的一项研究:由G.N. Siperstein, N. Romano, a . Mohler和R. Parker对803名随机选择的美国居民进行电话采访进行的消费者对雇用残疾人的公司的态度的全国调查。在其他方面进行了比较，其中包括受访者在公司其他社会活动中对残疾人就业的评估，以及受访者对残疾人工作结果的满意度。有人指出，在中国和美国，以前与残疾人打交道的经历可能会影响对残疾人雇用的更有利的态度。然而，在对残疾人提供的服务的满意度和对残疾人工作人员的信任方面，中国居民的积极态度不如美国居民。
{"title":"Postrzeganie zatrudnienia osób niepełnosprawnych w Chinach i Stanach Zjednoczonych","authors":"T. Bieliński, Małgorzata Lewińska","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.21.002.14834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.21.002.14834","url":null,"abstract":"The perception of employing people with disabilities in China and the United States\u0000The concept of disability has been accompanied by controversies, stereotypes and stigmatization for years. Despite the fact that the number of people with disabilities in China and the United States is still growing, the issue of perceiving the functioning of disabled people in the society and including them to the work environment remains unsolved, notwithstanding the number of legal regulations and financial incentives in China and USA to change the employment of people with disabilities. This study compares the perception of employment of people with disabilities in China and the United States. The comparison was based on a self-conducted study among the Chinese community between February and March 2020 on a group of 121 people using the CAWI method (Computer Assisted Web Interview) and an American study: A national survey of consumer attitudes towards companies that hire people with disabilities, by G.N. Siperstein, N. Romano, A. Mohler, and R. Parker, conducted on 803 residents of the USA randomly selected for telephone interviews. The comparison took place, among others, in the assessment of the employment of disabled people by respondents in the context of other social activities in the company, as well as the satisfaction of the respondents with the results of the disabled at work. It was pointed out that in both China and the USA, previous experiences with people with disabilities may affect a more favorable approach towards employing disabled people. However, there are differences in the satisfaction with services provided by people with disabilities, as well as in trust in disabled workers, where Chinese residents have less positive attitude than their American counterparts.","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129065747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4467/23538724gs.19.010.11184
Julia Stepnowska
The Council of Europe Convention on Offences relating to Cultural Property adopted on May 3, 2017, aka the “Blood Antiquities Convention” (hereinafter referred to as the “2017 Nicosia Convention”), is a legal reaction to the rising level of vandalism of cultural sites and illicit trade in cultural property, especially in the Middle East, in the recent decades 1 However, it is necessary to see the impact of this new instrument in the combat of crimes against any and all cultural property, including the heritage originating from the Far East. The following study aims at examining the chain of events illustrating crimes against Khmer cultural property in the 20th century and the development of the legal framework fostering international cooperation in the field of cultural property protection and restitution as a way of argumentation for or against the adoption of the 2017 Nicosia Convention to combat crime against Asian cultural property. The development of crimes against Asian cultural property is currently predominated by the occurrences in Syria or Afghanistan. However, the destruction of sites and illicit trafficking in cultural property is by no means a phenomenon restricted to that area. Especially in the turmoil of political changes and armed conflicts of the 19th and 20th century, Cambodia, South Korea, China and Japan have suffered irrecoverable cultural losses and, given the development and globalisation of the market and cultural institutions, objects looted under these past circumstances are still emerging. While the instances of plunder in the 19th century pose no legal discussion due to the validity of the right of spoil at the time, e.g. the South Korea vs France case over Korean manuscripts looted in 1866 by the French,2 the cases of illicit export of looted property in the post-1970 world certainly do.
{"title":"The Blood Antiquities Convention and Asian Cultural Property. A Remedy or Disappointment? The Case of Cambodia","authors":"Julia Stepnowska","doi":"10.4467/23538724gs.19.010.11184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.19.010.11184","url":null,"abstract":"The Council of Europe Convention on Offences relating to Cultural Property adopted on May 3, 2017, aka the “Blood Antiquities Convention” (hereinafter referred to as the “2017 Nicosia Convention”), is a legal reaction to the rising level of vandalism of cultural sites and illicit trade in cultural property, especially in the Middle East, in the recent decades 1 However, it is necessary to see the impact of this new instrument in the combat of crimes against any and all cultural property, including the heritage originating from the Far East. The following study aims at examining the chain of events illustrating crimes against Khmer cultural property in the 20th century and the development of the legal framework fostering international cooperation in the field of cultural property protection and restitution as a way of argumentation for or against the adoption of the 2017 Nicosia Convention to combat crime against Asian cultural property. The development of crimes against Asian cultural property is currently predominated by the occurrences in Syria or Afghanistan. However, the destruction of sites and illicit trafficking in cultural property is by no means a phenomenon restricted to that area. Especially in the turmoil of political changes and armed conflicts of the 19th and 20th century, Cambodia, South Korea, China and Japan have suffered irrecoverable cultural losses and, given the development and globalisation of the market and cultural institutions, objects looted under these past circumstances are still emerging. While the instances of plunder in the 19th century pose no legal discussion due to the validity of the right of spoil at the time, e.g. the South Korea vs France case over Korean manuscripts looted in 1866 by the French,2 the cases of illicit export of looted property in the post-1970 world certainly do.","PeriodicalId":121113,"journal":{"name":"Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133914538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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