Eye最新文献

Purpose: This study investigates changes in vascular and stromal components of choroidal vascular layers using ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A cross-sectional study included 147 participants with varying myopia degrees, categorised as low myopia (70 eyes), moderate myopia (104 eyes), and high myopia (110 eyes) based on refractive status. The TowardPi Wide-field OCTA measured choroidal parameters, including thickness, choriocapillaris density, vascular volume, and stromal volume. Differences in these parameters were analysed among the three myopia groups.

Results: Choroidal thickness decreased with increasing myopia, notably at the sub-fovea (LM vs MM vs HM: 297.56 ± 83.19 μm vs 230.13 ± 77.35 μm vs 190.49 ± 70.24 μm, P < 0.001) and macular region (258.20 ± 67.40 μm vs 215.37 ± 56.07 μm vs 186.01 ± 49.10 μm, P < 0.001). Choriocapillaris density in the macular region increased with myopia severity (48.06 ± 1.36% vs 48.15 ± 0.99% vs 48.74 ± 1.11%, P < 0.001). Vascular volume declined most in the macular (LM vs MM: 5.98 ± 1.62 mm³ vs 4.21 ± 1.52 mm³, P < 0.001). Stromal volume changes were prominent between moderate and high myopia (MM vs HM: 6.59 ± 1.48 mm³ vs 6.12 ± 0.75 mm³, P < 0.001). Axial length correlated with stromal volume (R = -0.498, P < 0.001), while spherical equivalent correlated with choroidal volume (R = 0.474, P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Wide-field OCTA effectively highlights choroidal component changes associated with myopia severity, offering insights into its structural alterations.

Objectives: Understanding the developmental anatomy of the lacrimal sac fossa (LF) and nasolacrimal canal (NLC) is critical for paediatric lacrimal diseases.

Methods: This observational study analysed cranial CT images of 144 paediatric patients undergoing imaging for non-ocular conditions and 80 adults with phthisis bulbi as a matched comparison. Measurements included LF vertical dimension (height) and anteroposterior dimension (width), NLC diameter and vertical dimension, and frontal process of the maxilla (FPM) structures. Developmental changes were assessed using the generalised additive model (GAM), with structural comparisons between children and adults.

Results: Children enrolled had an even distribution in age and gender (77 males and 67 females, average ages of 9.83 and 9.44 years, respectively). Except for the proportion of FPM contributing to the LF and inferior LF height (part below the operculum of middle turbinate), which showed minimal age-related change, the GAM model revealed that most structures grew rapidly before age 10, then slowed. The NLC vertical dimension exhibited the fastest growth, increasing approximately threefold from birth to adulthood, while other structures generally increased by 1.5 to 2 times. Males consistently had larger dimensions than females in most measurements. Differences compared to adults were more significant in children under 10.

Conclusions: The various segments of the lacrimal drainage system exhibit different developmental patterns in children. While most LF and NLC structures grow rapidly before age 10, a few remains minimal age-related change. This study provides predictive values by age, which may serve as useful references for surgical planning in CNLDO.

Objective: Comparing multimodal imaging characteristics in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) with spontaneous subretinal fluid (SRF) resolution to SRF resolution after half-dose photodynamic therapy (HD-PDT).

Methods: Forty-six patients with CSC who had spontaneous SRF resolution were compared with 46 age- and gender-matched CSC patients with SRF resolution after HD-PDT. Patients in the HD-PDT group were selected from the randomized multicentre PLACE and SPECTRA trials. In the 2 groups, differences were evaluated on fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF). Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), central foveal thickness (CFT), external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ) continuity, and pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) were analysed on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Results: The median time between the last observed SRF on OCT and the resolution visit was 10.0 weeks in both groups. At the visit after SRF resolution, the area of hyperfluorescence on ICGA was larger (p = 0.001), the SFCT was thicker (p = 0.006), and EZ continuity was observed less frequently (p = 0.008) in the spontaneous SRF resolution group when compared with the HD-PDT group. No differences were observed in CFT, ELM continuity, number of PEDs, and the area of hyperfluorescence on FA.

Conclusions: CSC patients with spontaneous SRF resolution presumably show less favourable choroidal anatomical characteristics in the short term, compared to CSC patients with resolution after HD-PDT, as the area of ICGA hyperfluorescence was larger and the SFCT was thicker after spontaneous resolution. This observation might explain why recurrences in CSC are seen less frequently after HD-PDT.

Introduction: This real-world, retrospective review of SLT outcomes at Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust aimed to establish whether there is any net benefit in using topical drop treatment prior to SLT compared with proceeding directly to SLT as a first-line treatment. Several studies have shown that SLT gives the greatest reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) for eyes that have not received prior treatment with drops. Here, we look at different topical therapies used prior to SLT and investigate SLT efficacy following these.

Method: Data were collected from 196 SLT naïve eyes with ocular hypertension or primary open-angle glaucoma who underwent SLT between January 2022 and May 2022. The eyes had received either no prior topical therapy or one or more topical IOP-lowering agents.

Results: No significant difference was found in the overall reduction in IOP after SLT between eyes treated with prostaglandin analogue (PGA) drops alone prior to SLT (7.89 mmHg, n = 74) and eyes that received SLT as first-line treatment (6.88 mmHg, n = 56). Eyes also treated with beta-blockers did show a greater reduction in IOP.

Conclusion: This retrospective study, based in a UK NHS centre, found no significant benefit in using PGA drops prior to SLT compared to SLT as first-line treatment for lowering IOP.