Farmakologiia i toksikologiia最新文献

The data of the preclinical and clinical study of feracryl, a local hemostatic, are presented. The drug's hemostatic activity, acute, subacute and chronic toxicity, anesthetic effect as well as antibacterial and antifungal activities were studied. The results of the clinical trial of the drug are given.

The search for the compounds inducing release of lipoprotein lipase in the blood flow was made in the series of sulfated polysaccharides of brown sea algae of the Japanese Sea--fucoidanes. The effects of the substances on the blood coagulability were studied. Single intravenous injections of the substances were followed by the combined but independent anticoagulant and lipolysis-stimulating effects. Fucoidane isolated from Pelvetia wrightii possessed the greatest lipolysis-stimulating activity along with a weak anticoagulant effect. The degree of the pharmacological effects of the studied compounds did not depend on the degree of sulfation of macromolecules of the polysaccharides. In contrast to heparin fucoidanes exhibited the maximum effect on lipolysis later, 120-180 minutes after the intravenous injection.

The effects of some neuropsychotropic agents on changes in pain sensitivity in albino male rats under the action of complex accelerations were investigated. It was found that administration of drugs with the antimotion-sickness activity--scopolamine, phenamine, phenibut prevented the development of analgesia with the opiate component, the use of low-effective and non-effective with respect to suppression of vestibulo-vegetative disturbances agents--diazepam, ephedrine, haloperidol failed to exert such an effect.

During the combined use of the ointment with amphotericin B and ultrasound after 1, 3, 24, 48 and 72 hours there was detected a higher content of the drug in the skin and the subcutaneous fatty tissue as compared with the epicutaneous application of the ointment without ultrasound. The drug contents in the insonified and non-insonified samples increased by the 3rd hour after the application except the insonified skin, where the maximal values were noted after 1 hour; subsequently (after 24, 48 and 72 hours) amphotericin B concentration gradually decreased. It remained significantly higher in the insonified samples than in the non-insonified ones. The data ground the expediency of using the ointment with amphotericin B in combination with ultrasound in candidosis that is one of the ways of increasing the effectiveness of treatment of this disease.

The activating effect of a M-receptor agonist carbachol on phosphatidylinositol metabolism under perfusion of the isolated rabbit heart with 32Pi was shown. An increase of the inclusion of 32P in phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol-4-diphosphate was found. Simultaneously there was detected an elevation of the levels of products of hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids--inositol-1,4-diphosphate and inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate. There was noted the blocking action of carbachol on the contractile activity of the heart that manifested itself in a lowering of the systolic pressure in the left ventricle and a slowing of the contraction rate.

At the acute administration the pineal hormone melatonin depending on the dose (0.01-10 mg/kg) potentiated the hypnogenic effect of hexenal (hexobarbital sodium) in mice both in the daytime and at night. When low doses of the hormone were chronically administered in the light phase of the day, there was noted a decrease of the duration of barbiturate anesthesia. A similar result was found during its round-the-clock evaluation against the background of 0.1 mg/kg of melatonin (a single dose) in the late daytime hours and on the contrary a sharp enhancement of hexenal action before switching on the light. The relationship between the circadian fluctuations of the hypnogenic effect of barbiturates and the periodical character of the epiphysis activity is suggested.