Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.002
Pankaj Kumar Singh, Keshav Singh
Earthworm samples were collected in different fields at intervals of 25 days at 768 randomly selected locations (8 blocks x 4 villages x 4 fields x 6 sites) in the Kushinagar district of northeast Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 18893 individuals were collected, representing 9 species, 7 genera, and 3 families. Among them, the most dominant species was Lampito mauritii (15.68%) followed by Metaphire posthuma (14.44%), Eisenia fetida (11.01%), Perionyx excavatus (10.22%), Ramiella bishambari (10.17%), Eutyphoeus waltoni (9.87%), Eutyphoeus incommodus (9.82%), Amynthas morrisi (9.69%), and Dichogaster bolaui (9.10%). In Kushinagar district, Megascolecidae and Acanthodrilidae accounted for the largest families, each representing 50.03 % and 38.96% distribution in the fields in different blocks. Lumbricidae family represents only 11.01% of distribution in the fields. Different ecological indices were calculated at all the locations and date intervals and its consequences were discussed
{"title":"Biodiversity of earthworm (Oligochaeta- Annelida) in Kushinagar district of Uttar Pradesh, India","authors":"Pankaj Kumar Singh, Keshav Singh","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.002","url":null,"abstract":"Earthworm samples were collected in different fields at intervals of 25 days at 768 randomly selected locations (8 blocks x 4 villages x 4 fields x 6 sites) in the Kushinagar district of northeast Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 18893 individuals were collected, representing 9 species, 7 genera, and 3 families. Among them, the most dominant species was Lampito mauritii (15.68%) followed by Metaphire posthuma (14.44%), Eisenia fetida (11.01%), Perionyx excavatus (10.22%), Ramiella bishambari (10.17%), Eutyphoeus waltoni (9.87%), Eutyphoeus incommodus (9.82%), Amynthas morrisi (9.69%), and Dichogaster bolaui (9.10%). In Kushinagar district, Megascolecidae and Acanthodrilidae accounted for the largest families, each representing 50.03 % and 38.96% distribution in the fields in different blocks. Lumbricidae family represents only 11.01% of distribution in the fields. Different ecological indices were calculated at all the locations and date intervals and its consequences were discussed","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139261018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.004
N’Goran Nina Regina N’ZI, Kouadio Justin KONAN, Tapé Gnahoré Toussaint JOANNY, N. I. Ouattara
The flying gurnard Dactylopterus volitans is one of the most important by–catch fish species in the inshore trawl fisheries of Côte d’Ivoire. Its reproductive characteristics were studied in order to provide fisheries managers with the essential data for science–based management. A total of 1337 specimens (including 351 males and 986 females) with size 60–390 mm in standard length (SL) were caught by industrial trawlers in waters of Côte d’Ivoire between January 2019 and December 2020. The sex ratio was defined as the proportion of females to males following month and marine seasons. The reproductive activity was assessed using the gonadosomatic index and the percentages of maturity stages. The overall sex ratio of 1 female for 0.36 male was in favour of females (χ2 = 301.59 p < 0.05). At 50% sexual maturity, males matured at of 192.8 mm, SL while females matured at 158.6 mm. The flying gurnard spawned twice during a relatively long reproductively active period, from May to August and from November to February. The total fecundity ranged from 4164 to 112232 oocytes/ovary and showed a significant correlation with fish length and body weight. This information will contribute to a scientific basis for future management.
{"title":"Reproductive biology of the flying gurnard Dactylopterus volitans (Linnaeus, 1758) from the coastal waters of Cote D’Ivoire","authors":"N’Goran Nina Regina N’ZI, Kouadio Justin KONAN, Tapé Gnahoré Toussaint JOANNY, N. I. Ouattara","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.004","url":null,"abstract":"The flying gurnard Dactylopterus volitans is one of the most important by–catch fish species in the inshore trawl fisheries of Côte d’Ivoire. Its reproductive characteristics were studied in order to provide fisheries managers with the essential data for science–based management. A total of 1337 specimens (including 351 males and 986 females) with size 60–390 mm in standard length (SL) were caught by industrial trawlers in waters of Côte d’Ivoire between January 2019 and December 2020. The sex ratio was defined as the proportion of females to males following month and marine seasons. The reproductive activity was assessed using the gonadosomatic index and the percentages of maturity stages. The overall sex ratio of 1 female for 0.36 male was in favour of females (χ2 = 301.59 p < 0.05). At 50% sexual maturity, males matured at of 192.8 mm, SL while females matured at 158.6 mm. The flying gurnard spawned twice during a relatively long reproductively active period, from May to August and from November to February. The total fecundity ranged from 4164 to 112232 oocytes/ovary and showed a significant correlation with fish length and body weight. This information will contribute to a scientific basis for future management.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139261516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.005
Akhter Rasool, Bharathidasan M, Sarath T, Akshata Patil
Cystitis is relatively uncommon in horses and represents a significant health concern that can severely impact their ability to urinate and overall well-being. Clinical signs often include frequent urination accompanied by blood in the urine and a painful sensation during urination. To establish a definitive diagnosis, a comprehensive examination is imperative, which typically involves physical assessment, ultrasonography, cystoscopy, and rectal examination. Treatment is aimed at relieving bladder distention and preventing potential complications. In this report, a case of a six-year-old late-term pregnant mare was presented at Veterinary Clinics, with a history of voiding blood in urine. Further diagnostic evaluation confirmed cystitis, and appropriate therapeutic measures were taken, resulting in a successful recovery for the mare without complications.
{"title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic insights into cystitis in a pregnant mare","authors":"Akhter Rasool, Bharathidasan M, Sarath T, Akshata Patil","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.005","url":null,"abstract":"Cystitis is relatively uncommon in horses and represents a significant health concern that can severely impact their ability to urinate and overall well-being. Clinical signs often include frequent urination accompanied by blood in the urine and a painful sensation during urination. To establish a definitive diagnosis, a comprehensive examination is imperative, which typically involves physical assessment, ultrasonography, cystoscopy, and rectal examination. Treatment is aimed at relieving bladder distention and preventing potential complications. In this report, a case of a six-year-old late-term pregnant mare was presented at Veterinary Clinics, with a history of voiding blood in urine. Further diagnostic evaluation confirmed cystitis, and appropriate therapeutic measures were taken, resulting in a successful recovery for the mare without complications.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139262024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The poor reproductive abilities of most tropical cattle are an obstacle to improving cattle production through artificial insemination (AI). The aim of this study was to determine the reproductive parameters of 23 cows and heifers reared on stations in Togo after an AI campaign. These females were inseminated following a hormonal heat synchronization protocol using Prid® Delta. Pregnancy and calving were monitored to assess reproductive parameters. Results showed a calving rate of 52.27% and a fertility rate of 47.73%. These rates varied significantly (p<0.05) according to parity, breed and body condition score. In addition, mean gestation period, mean age at first calving, calving interval -1st heats and calving interval - AI were respectively 9.38 ± 0.29 months, 3.57 ± 1.19 years, 45.90 ± 13.36 days and 5.04 ± 0.45 months. Comparative analysis of these parameters showed significant variations (p<0.05) in relation to female breed and parity. Reproduction parameters are of considerable importance in the valorization of local cattle through artificial insemination.
{"title":"Study of reproductive parameters of inseminated and stations reared female cattle in Togo","authors":"Paguindame Djabangou, Wéré Pitala, Binamlé Bagna, Némè Hélène Bali, A. Kulo","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i05.007","url":null,"abstract":"The poor reproductive abilities of most tropical cattle are an obstacle to improving cattle production through artificial insemination (AI). The aim of this study was to determine the reproductive parameters of 23 cows and heifers reared on stations in Togo after an AI campaign. These females were inseminated following a hormonal heat synchronization protocol using Prid® Delta. Pregnancy and calving were monitored to assess reproductive parameters. Results showed a calving rate of 52.27% and a fertility rate of 47.73%. These rates varied significantly (p<0.05) according to parity, breed and body condition score. In addition, mean gestation period, mean age at first calving, calving interval -1st heats and calving interval - AI were respectively 9.38 ± 0.29 months, 3.57 ± 1.19 years, 45.90 ± 13.36 days and 5.04 ± 0.45 months. Comparative analysis of these parameters showed significant variations (p<0.05) in relation to female breed and parity. Reproduction parameters are of considerable importance in the valorization of local cattle through artificial insemination.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139307515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.006
Harikaran Karunakaran, S. Thirunavukkarasu
The mites are the smallest (less than a millimeter in length), the most diverse, and the most common of all arachnids. Mites are ubiquitous and inhabit all known terrestrial, marine, and freshwater habitats, including arctic and alpine extremes, tropical plains and desert barrens, and surface and mineral soils (Dunlop and Alberti, 2008). More than 55,000 species have been described up to date, accounting for 5% of all living species today. Mites are experts at transport with the aid of large animals, mostly insects. It is a temporary relationship called phoresy that allows the mites to exploit scarce resources. Phoresy in the subclass Acari includes insects that feed on carriers. Phoresy evolved from free-living ancestors. The primary waste material used by floating mites appears to be rotting logs. However, rapid changes in the later life stage allowed the development of short-term resources. Although phoresy is a form of social interaction, most interact with mites. These relationships can be very complex and context-specific, but they often use the vector's sources or descendants (Seeman and Walter, 2023). The switch from phoretic to parasitism seems popular, but the scientific evidence for a switch from phoretic to permanent parasitism seems to be lacking.
{"title":"Progression of parasitism from phoresy in mites","authors":"Harikaran Karunakaran, S. Thirunavukkarasu","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.006","url":null,"abstract":"The mites are the smallest (less than a millimeter in length), the most diverse, and the most common of all arachnids. Mites are ubiquitous and inhabit all known terrestrial, marine, and freshwater habitats, including arctic and alpine extremes, tropical plains and desert barrens, and surface and mineral soils (Dunlop and Alberti, 2008). More than 55,000 species have been described up to date, accounting for 5% of all living species today. Mites are experts at transport with the aid of large animals, mostly insects. It is a temporary relationship called phoresy that allows the mites to exploit scarce resources. Phoresy in the subclass Acari includes insects that feed on carriers. Phoresy evolved from free-living ancestors. The primary waste material used by floating mites appears to be rotting logs. However, rapid changes in the later life stage allowed the development of short-term resources. Although phoresy is a form of social interaction, most interact with mites. These relationships can be very complex and context-specific, but they often use the vector's sources or descendants (Seeman and Walter, 2023). The switch from phoretic to parasitism seems popular, but the scientific evidence for a switch from phoretic to permanent parasitism seems to be lacking.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125030129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.007
B. K, Syam S, S. P
Ocean ecosystems are highly effective in the recycling of energy and matter. Carbon fixation is almost recycled because net carbon burial in terrestrial systems and export to the ocean via rivers. Heterotrophs efficiently reprocess organic matter because they depend on the energy in organic matter. Withal, heterotrophs cannot use total organic energy because some is shunted into metabolites like ammonium, and under anoxic conditions into reduced substances such as sulphide. These reduced inorganic compounds are used by chemo (litho) autotrophs to obtain energy for inorganic carbon fixation. Host - associated microbial symbionts are critical to the conversion of inorganic carbon into organic biomass (Beinart, R.A., 2019). In the world’s oceans, Boring clams belongs to family Teredinidae, (Shipworms) with habitat of eating wood, assisted by cellulases from the intracellular symbiotic gammaproteobacteria that inhabit their gills. Other shipworms (Kuphus polythalamius) also relying on gill-dwelling gammaproteobacteria for sulphur oxidation (Altamia et al., 2020) and Methane Oxidation. The Symbionts of the gills Teredinibacter turnerae T7901 and similar strains are among the greatest sources of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (BGCs), with content equivalent to well-known commercial manufacturers such as Streptomyces spp. This implies that shipworms might be a good source of new compounds for drug discovery (Altamia et al., 2020).
海洋生态系统在能量和物质的循环利用方面非常有效。碳固定几乎是循环利用的，因为净碳埋藏在陆地系统中，并通过河流输出到海洋。异养生物能有效地对有机物进行再处理，因为它们依赖于有机物中的能量。此外，异养生物不能利用全部的有机能量，因为一些能量被分流成代谢物，如铵，并在缺氧条件下转化为还原性物质，如硫化物。这些被还原的无机化合物被化学(光刻)自养生物用来获得无机碳固定的能量。宿主相关的微生物共生体对无机碳转化为有机生物量至关重要(Beinart, r.a.， 2019)。在世界上的海洋中，无聊蛤属于teredidae科(船虫)，以吃木头为栖息地，由栖息在它们鳃中的细胞内共生γ变形菌的纤维素酶辅助。其他船虫(Kuphus polythalamius)也依赖于居住在鳃中的伽马变形菌进行硫氧化(Altamia et al.， 2020)和甲烷氧化。鳃Teredinibacter turnerae T7901和类似菌株的共生体是生物合成基因簇(bgc)的最大来源之一，其含量与知名的商业制造商(如Streptomyces spp)相当。这意味着船虫可能是药物发现新化合物的良好来源(Altamia et al.， 2020)。
{"title":"Microbial mutualism in boring clams (Tridacna crocea):Ally shoring of oceans","authors":"B. K, Syam S, S. P","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.007","url":null,"abstract":"Ocean ecosystems are highly effective in the recycling of energy and matter. Carbon fixation is almost recycled because net carbon burial in terrestrial systems and export to the ocean via rivers. Heterotrophs efficiently reprocess organic matter because they depend on the energy in organic matter. Withal, heterotrophs cannot use total organic energy because some is shunted into metabolites like ammonium, and under anoxic conditions into reduced substances such as sulphide. These reduced inorganic compounds are used by chemo (litho) autotrophs to obtain energy for inorganic carbon fixation. Host - associated microbial symbionts are critical to the conversion of inorganic carbon into organic biomass (Beinart, R.A., 2019). In the world’s oceans, Boring clams belongs to family Teredinidae, (Shipworms) with habitat of eating wood, assisted by cellulases from the intracellular symbiotic gammaproteobacteria that inhabit their gills. Other shipworms (Kuphus polythalamius) also relying on gill-dwelling gammaproteobacteria for sulphur oxidation (Altamia et al., 2020) and Methane Oxidation. The Symbionts of the gills Teredinibacter turnerae T7901 and similar strains are among the greatest sources of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (BGCs), with content equivalent to well-known commercial manufacturers such as Streptomyces spp. This implies that shipworms might be a good source of new compounds for drug discovery (Altamia et al., 2020).","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125063251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.005
Shyamkant S, Oishik Kar, Sachin R. Patil, A. Naskar, D. Banerjee
The field of forensic entomology emphasizes the close relationship between insects and cadavers, as well as the utilization of insects in medicolegal investigations, and helps understand the reasons for death. In forensic science, the presence of necrophagous dipteran flies on a dead body is particularly important as well as they play a significant role in the decomposition of the carcass. In recent times, necrophagous fly data has been used to investigate the causes of mortality. The evidence is useful in the estimation of post-mortem interval (PMI) which is important insolvingmedico-legal cases in human beings, and also helpful in wildlife forensics. The present paper reports day-wise observations of the dipteran visitors on the decaying corpse of the Asiatic Jackal in the Veerangana Durgawati Wildlife Sanctuary, Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh. Adult dipteran flies consisting of five species fewer than four families namely Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, and Sepsidae were collected from the site. Chrysomya megacephala was the first visitor of the carcass and both Chrysomya megacephala and Chrysomya rufifacies were the most common species during the various stages of decay of the cadaver. The other necrophagous flies which visited the cadaver were: Musca planiceps, Sarcophaga (Seniorwhitea) princeps, and Themira bifida. This study is the first of its kind conducted in Central India. The findings might be used to supplement the information in forensic investigations for criminal cases and wildlife hunting from India
{"title":"Successional pattern of necrophagous diptera on a dead Asiatic jackal’s (Canis aureus Linnaeus, 1758) body in Veerangana durgawati Wildlife Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"Shyamkant S, Oishik Kar, Sachin R. Patil, A. Naskar, D. Banerjee","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.005","url":null,"abstract":"The field of forensic entomology emphasizes the close relationship between insects and cadavers, as well as the utilization of insects in medicolegal investigations, and helps understand the reasons for death. In forensic science, the presence of necrophagous dipteran flies on a dead body is particularly important as well as they play a significant role in the decomposition of the carcass. In recent times, necrophagous fly data has been used to investigate the causes of mortality. The evidence is useful in the estimation of post-mortem interval (PMI) which is important insolvingmedico-legal cases in human beings, and also helpful in wildlife forensics. The present paper reports day-wise observations of the dipteran visitors on the decaying corpse of the Asiatic Jackal in the Veerangana Durgawati Wildlife Sanctuary, Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh. Adult dipteran flies consisting of five species fewer than four families namely Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, and Sepsidae were collected from the site. Chrysomya megacephala was the first visitor of the carcass and both Chrysomya megacephala and Chrysomya rufifacies were the most common species during the various stages of decay of the cadaver. The other necrophagous flies which visited the cadaver were: Musca planiceps, Sarcophaga (Seniorwhitea) princeps, and Themira bifida. This study is the first of its kind conducted in Central India. The findings might be used to supplement the information in forensic investigations for criminal cases and wildlife hunting from India","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130217644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.004
Jeanine Joy, A. P, Preethy Treesa Paul, Stephy Rose K.V, A. P., Rosemol Jacob M, Pavan Kumar Dara, S. Mathew, A. R
The present society is extremely conscious of the lifestyle-related ailments and the serious consequences that result from an unhealthy diet and lifestyle. A holistic approach to incorporating nutraceuticals into one's lifestyle has become the current trend. Protein hydrolysates with antioxidant potential have gained critical commercial importance. Protein hydrolysates are produced from food industrial remnants in order to reduce production costs and achieve sustainable resource management. The food industry generates a greater proportion of waste from fisheries, and with the consistent requisite for fish-based products, utilisation of remnants remains a critical concern. Fish hydrolysates have been discovered to have exceptional physical, chemical, and functional properties. It is noteworthy that fish hydrolysates have strong antioxidant properties against reactive oxygen species. In the current research, gelatin prepared from the processing waste of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) skin were hydrolysed by proteolytic enzyme papain. The obtained gelatin hydrolysate showed ~33% degree of hydrolysis (DH). The surface-active properties of Skipjack tuna skin gelatin hydrolysate (SSGH) revealed pronounced foaming and emulsion properties at low protein concentrations. SSGH demonstrated higher antioxidant efficacy by in vitro antioxidant assays. In conclusion, the resulting hydrolysates demonstrated remarkable antioxidant potential, as well as great development prospects for a variety of applications. Further studies with regard to isolation, purification and identification of and peptide sequences improve the quality of functional foods.
{"title":"Characterization and evaluation of antioxidant properties of skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) tuna skin gelatin Hydrolysate","authors":"Jeanine Joy, A. P, Preethy Treesa Paul, Stephy Rose K.V, A. P., Rosemol Jacob M, Pavan Kumar Dara, S. Mathew, A. R","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.004","url":null,"abstract":"The present society is extremely conscious of the lifestyle-related ailments and the serious consequences that result from an unhealthy diet and lifestyle. A holistic approach to incorporating nutraceuticals into one's lifestyle has become the current trend. Protein hydrolysates with antioxidant potential have gained critical commercial importance. Protein hydrolysates are produced from food industrial remnants in order to reduce production costs and achieve sustainable resource management. The food industry generates a greater proportion of waste from fisheries, and with the consistent requisite for fish-based products, utilisation of remnants remains a critical concern. Fish hydrolysates have been discovered to have exceptional physical, chemical, and functional properties. It is noteworthy that fish hydrolysates have strong antioxidant properties against reactive oxygen species. In the current research, gelatin prepared from the processing waste of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) skin were hydrolysed by proteolytic enzyme papain. The obtained gelatin hydrolysate showed ~33% degree of hydrolysis (DH). The surface-active properties of Skipjack tuna skin gelatin hydrolysate (SSGH) revealed pronounced foaming and emulsion properties at low protein concentrations. SSGH demonstrated higher antioxidant efficacy by in vitro antioxidant assays. In conclusion, the resulting hydrolysates demonstrated remarkable antioxidant potential, as well as great development prospects for a variety of applications. Further studies with regard to isolation, purification and identification of and peptide sequences improve the quality of functional foods.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"VIII 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133269112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.003
A. P, Rosemol Jacob M, Jean Mary Joy, A. R, S. Mathew
The requisite for novel potential dressings has emerged as a consequence of the incidences of injuries caused due to second intention and expensive treatment costs for the management of them. New generation dressings are capable to accelerate proliferation of cells and regeneration of tissue despite of the protective role to the wounds. Moreover, patient compliance persists as an integral factor with regard to the fact that they create no damage to the newly regenerated tissue on removal of the same. In the current study, we developed a κ- carrageenan film dressing, which is capable to accelerate tissue repair and aids its removal by external stimulus without disturbing the regenerated tissue. The dressing is capable to absorb excessexudate from the wound by maintaining hydrationto wound bed. The medical dressing was evaluated in male Wistar rats by generating a pocket wound. The dressings were implanted in incised pocket wound for 16 days. Histological analyses demonstrated that the dressing inserted on the injured area have showed minimal level of inflammatory events and generated denser connective tissue on comparison to wounds devoid of dressings. The injured site sheltered with the dressing demonstrated re-epithelization and angiogenesis to promote wound closure.
{"title":"In Vivo evaluation of wound healing efficacy of κ -Carrageenan blended polyvinyl pyrrolidinone films for wound dressing applications","authors":"A. P, Rosemol Jacob M, Jean Mary Joy, A. R, S. Mathew","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.003","url":null,"abstract":"The requisite for novel potential dressings has emerged as a consequence of the incidences of injuries caused due to second intention and expensive treatment costs for the management of them. New generation dressings are capable to accelerate proliferation of cells and regeneration of tissue despite of the protective role to the wounds. Moreover, patient compliance persists as an integral factor with regard to the fact that they create no damage to the newly regenerated tissue on removal of the same. In the current study, we developed a κ- carrageenan film dressing, which is capable to accelerate tissue repair and aids its removal by external stimulus without disturbing the regenerated tissue. The dressing is capable to absorb excessexudate from the wound by maintaining hydrationto wound bed. The medical dressing was evaluated in male Wistar rats by generating a pocket wound. The dressings were implanted in incised pocket wound for 16 days. Histological analyses demonstrated that the dressing inserted on the injured area have showed minimal level of inflammatory events and generated denser connective tissue on comparison to wounds devoid of dressings. The injured site sheltered with the dressing demonstrated re-epithelization and angiogenesis to promote wound closure.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123413846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.002
C. K. Koomson
The entomotoxic effect of the dry powders of leaves of Annona muricata, Carica papaya, Citrus sinensis and Psidium guajava on the survival of Rhyzophertha dominica Fabricius (Bostrichidae: Coleoptera) and Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was assessed in the laboratory. All the plant leaf powders exhibited various levels of toxicity, with Annona muricata exhibiting the highest potency of 90% for both insect pests and Carica papaya showing the lowest mortality of 60% for both insects at the end of the experiment. This study revealed that plant powders of can be used to efficiently to control S. oryzae and R. dominica in stored rice and its incorporation into traditional storage pest management is strongly recommended in developing countries.
{"title":"Insecticidal activities of plant powders against Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae in stored rice","authors":"C. K. Koomson","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i04.002","url":null,"abstract":"The entomotoxic effect of the dry powders of leaves of Annona muricata, Carica papaya, Citrus sinensis and Psidium guajava on the survival of Rhyzophertha dominica Fabricius (Bostrichidae: Coleoptera) and Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was assessed in the laboratory. All the plant leaf powders exhibited various levels of toxicity, with Annona muricata exhibiting the highest potency of 90% for both insect pests and Carica papaya showing the lowest mortality of 60% for both insects at the end of the experiment. This study revealed that plant powders of can be used to efficiently to control S. oryzae and R. dominica in stored rice and its incorporation into traditional storage pest management is strongly recommended in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133150028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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