Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.015
Vinisha Kartheesan, Mohammed Rafi L, Anju Alagiri, Velayutham Meiyalagan
Consumption of marine fishes with high histamine levels due to improper storing leads to cause scombroid or histamine fish poisoning. In spoiled fishes, bacteria begin to break down the histidine into histamine by decarboxylation activity. Previous studies reported that black muscle fishes usually produce large amounts of histamine-producing bacteria (HPB). In this study, two white muscle fishes such as Scomberomorus commerson (Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel) and Nemipterus japonicus (Japanese threadfin bream) were chosen to detect the presence of histamine-producing bacteria (HPB). The fish samples were purchased from Ukkadam fish market in Coimbatore and examined for the occurrence of HPB on Niven agar. The isolated HPB on media were analyzed for identification based on their morphological characteristics, primary test, and biochemical test. Finally, 8 colonies were confirmed as the cause for histamine production of both fishes and among them, 5 belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae and others belong to the family Aeromonadaceae, Morganellaceae, and Enterococcaceae. Our study showed that the histamine-producing bacteria highly reported in dark-muscle fishes were also isolated from the chosen white-muscle fishes. Hence the presence of HPB indicates the improper maintenance of fish in retail fish markets. This considerable incidence of histamine-producing bacteria which on proliferation under suitable conditions may contribute to toxic histamine accumulation in the flesh of fishes.
{"title":"A pilot study on the isolation and identification of histamine-producing bacteria from narrow barred Spanish mackerel and Japanese thread fin bream from Ukkadam fish market, Coimbatore, India","authors":"Vinisha Kartheesan, Mohammed Rafi L, Anju Alagiri, Velayutham Meiyalagan","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.015","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of marine fishes with high histamine levels due to improper storing leads to cause scombroid or histamine fish poisoning. In spoiled fishes, bacteria begin to break down the histidine into histamine by decarboxylation activity. Previous studies reported that black muscle fishes usually produce large amounts of histamine-producing bacteria (HPB). In this study, two white muscle fishes such as Scomberomorus commerson (Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel) and Nemipterus japonicus (Japanese threadfin bream) were chosen to detect the presence of histamine-producing bacteria (HPB). The fish samples were purchased from Ukkadam fish market in Coimbatore and examined for the occurrence of HPB on Niven agar. The isolated HPB on media were analyzed for identification based on their morphological characteristics, primary test, and biochemical test. Finally, 8 colonies were confirmed as the cause for histamine production of both fishes and among them, 5 belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae and others belong to the family Aeromonadaceae, Morganellaceae, and Enterococcaceae. Our study showed that the histamine-producing bacteria highly reported in dark-muscle fishes were also isolated from the chosen white-muscle fishes. Hence the presence of HPB indicates the improper maintenance of fish in retail fish markets. This considerable incidence of histamine-producing bacteria which on proliferation under suitable conditions may contribute to toxic histamine accumulation in the flesh of fishes.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"116 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.011
Rosemol Jacob M., Amruth P, A. P, Stephy Rose K.V, A. R, Suseela Mathew
The need for innovative wound dressings has arisen due to injuries from second intention healing and their management is associated with high costs. Modern dressings not only protect wounds but also promote proliferation of cells and tissue regeneration. Patient compliance is crucial, ensuring that the dressing removal does not harm the newly regenerated tissue. In this study, nano-chitosan polyvinyl alcohol- glycerol (NCH-PVA-GLY) transparent wound dressing was developed that expedites tissue repair and can be removed through an external stimulus without disrupting the regenerated tissue. This dressing efficiently absorbs excess wound exudates while maintaining proper hydration. Evaluation in male Wistar rats with wounds revealed that the dressing, when applied for 16 days, resulted in minimal inflammation and denser connective tissue compared to wounds devoid of dressings. The dressing exhibited enhanced re-epithelization and angiogenesis, facilitating effective wound closure. The exposure of the resultant dressing, to the incised wound facilitated complete wound closure in 16 days, suggesting the effectiveness of the dressings to cure superficial wound.
{"title":"In vivo assessment of wound closure and biocompatibility of nanochitosan-polyvinylalcohol-glycerol films in experimental animal model","authors":"Rosemol Jacob M., Amruth P, A. P, Stephy Rose K.V, A. R, Suseela Mathew","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.011","url":null,"abstract":"The need for innovative wound dressings has arisen due to injuries from second intention healing and their management is associated with high costs. Modern dressings not only protect wounds but also promote proliferation of cells and tissue regeneration. Patient compliance is crucial, ensuring that the dressing removal does not harm the newly regenerated tissue. In this study, nano-chitosan polyvinyl alcohol- glycerol (NCH-PVA-GLY) transparent wound dressing was developed that expedites tissue repair and can be removed through an external stimulus without disrupting the regenerated tissue. This dressing efficiently absorbs excess wound exudates while maintaining proper hydration. Evaluation in male Wistar rats with wounds revealed that the dressing, when applied for 16 days, resulted in minimal inflammation and denser connective tissue compared to wounds devoid of dressings. The dressing exhibited enhanced re-epithelization and angiogenesis, facilitating effective wound closure. The exposure of the resultant dressing, to the incised wound facilitated complete wound closure in 16 days, suggesting the effectiveness of the dressings to cure superficial wound.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"78 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.017
Ritika Datta, A. N. Rizvi, Raghunathan C
Two species of free-living marine nematodes were collected from the intertidal areas of East Coast of India namely, Conilia sinensis Chen and Guo, 2015 and Corononema parvum Nicholas and Stewart, 1995, both species are new records for the Indian fauna. Previously, the genus Conilia Gerlach, 1956 was known from Santos Beach, South Japan, East China Sea and Korea. The genus Corononema Nicholas and Stewart, 1995 was known only from Australia and Thailand and very recently reported from off the coast of Vietnam. Both the genera are being reported for the first time from India. The species are described and photomicrographed.
{"title":"Two new records of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida: Ironidae and Monhysterida: Xyalidae) from India","authors":"Ritika Datta, A. N. Rizvi, Raghunathan C","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.017","url":null,"abstract":"Two species of free-living marine nematodes were collected from the intertidal areas of East Coast of India namely, Conilia sinensis Chen and Guo, 2015 and Corononema parvum Nicholas and Stewart, 1995, both species are new records for the Indian fauna. Previously, the genus Conilia Gerlach, 1956 was known from Santos Beach, South Japan, East China Sea and Korea. The genus Corononema Nicholas and Stewart, 1995 was known only from Australia and Thailand and very recently reported from off the coast of Vietnam. Both the genera are being reported for the first time from India. The species are described and photomicrographed.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"35 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.012
S. Muthukumar, T.V. Sajeev, K. Thamilarasi, A. Mohanasundaram, V. Lohot
Due to the challenges posed by the poor availability and germination of Flemingia spp. for lac insect cultivation, the Kerala Forest Research Institute in Thrissur experimented with the air layering method and stem cutting (Vegetative Propagation) to enhance the number of seedlings. The layering method was successful for all three treatments, although it is observed variations in the length of the roots. The plant treated with coco peat exhibited longer roots and a greater number of roots, followed by the plants treated with only soil and vermiculite. The stem cutting method (vegetative propagation) was also successful for both plants, suggesting that both techniques can be used as alternatives for cultivating lac insect host plants instead of relying on seed germination.
{"title":"Trial for the propagation method in Flemingia spp., a shrub plant and a lac insect host in Thrissur, Kerala","authors":"S. Muthukumar, T.V. Sajeev, K. Thamilarasi, A. Mohanasundaram, V. Lohot","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.012","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the challenges posed by the poor availability and germination of Flemingia spp. for lac insect cultivation, the Kerala Forest Research Institute in Thrissur experimented with the air layering method and stem cutting (Vegetative Propagation) to enhance the number of seedlings. The layering method was successful for all three treatments, although it is observed variations in the length of the roots. The plant treated with coco peat exhibited longer roots and a greater number of roots, followed by the plants treated with only soil and vermiculite. The stem cutting method (vegetative propagation) was also successful for both plants, suggesting that both techniques can be used as alternatives for cultivating lac insect host plants instead of relying on seed germination.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"120 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.009
Zabre Généviève, Traoré Aristide, Tianhoun Denté Fidèle, Segda Rimmibtiri, B. Balé, K. Adama, Belem Adrien Marie Gasto, Tamboura H. Hamidou
Gastrointestinal nematodes are a major constraint on small ruminant farming in Burkina Faso. To overcome this, rural farmers use the Balanites aegyptiaca plant to combat gastrointestinal parasites on their family farms. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous extract of B. aegyptiaca almonds powder against the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus. To this end, in vitro tests were carried out to evaluate the biological activity of the aqueous extract using five increasing concentrations over the three life stages of H. contortus by performing the tests (i) inhibition of egg hatch, (ii) inhibition of larva development and (iii) mortality of adult female worms. The results showed 21.22-80.4 %, 47.80-88.57 % and 22.20-100 % of ovicide, larvicide and vermicide rates, respectively. The effects were dose and exposition time dependent. The median lethal inhibition concentrations (IC50) were estimated to be 2.20 and 0.84 mg/ mL for the inhibitionof egg and the inhibition of larva, respectively. It can be concluded that B. aegyptiaca almonds powder has anthelmintic activity against H. contortus. However, this activity needs to be verified in vivo to reassure farmers about its use in small ruminant raising.
{"title":"Anthelmintic efficacity of balanites Aegyptiaca (l.) Delile (Zygophyllaceae) almonds on three developmental stages of haemonchus contortus","authors":"Zabre Généviève, Traoré Aristide, Tianhoun Denté Fidèle, Segda Rimmibtiri, B. Balé, K. Adama, Belem Adrien Marie Gasto, Tamboura H. Hamidou","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.009","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal nematodes are a major constraint on small ruminant farming in Burkina Faso. To overcome this, rural farmers use the Balanites aegyptiaca plant to combat gastrointestinal parasites on their family farms. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous extract of B. aegyptiaca almonds powder against the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus. To this end, in vitro tests were carried out to evaluate the biological activity of the aqueous extract using five increasing concentrations over the three life stages of H. contortus by performing the tests (i) inhibition of egg hatch, (ii) inhibition of larva development and (iii) mortality of adult female worms. The results showed 21.22-80.4 %, 47.80-88.57 % and 22.20-100 % of ovicide, larvicide and vermicide rates, respectively. The effects were dose and exposition time dependent. The median lethal inhibition concentrations (IC50) were estimated to be 2.20 and 0.84 mg/ mL for the inhibitionof egg and the inhibition of larva, respectively. It can be concluded that B. aegyptiaca almonds powder has anthelmintic activity against H. contortus. However, this activity needs to be verified in vivo to reassure farmers about its use in small ruminant raising.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"43 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.014
B. Sai Shankar
Advancements in computer simulations have facilitated the understanding of paleobiology and paleoecology of extinct animals even in cases of limited paleontological evidence. Two dinosaur species, Rajasaurus narmadensis(Wilson), and Isisaurus colberti (Jain & Bandyopadhyay) dominated the late Maastrichtian stage of upper Cretaceous Lameta formation in India, whose paleobiology is poorly understood. A preliminary approach to understand the predator prey dynamics of these two dinosaur species is presented in this study using Agent Based Modelling Simulations (ABMs) program Netlogo by modelling the agents under three scenarios of varying predator prey ratio (PPR) and analyzing the results. The results revealed that the scenario with the high PPR provided maximal predation success, faster and higher kill numbers and overall predation efficiency, similar to extant predators/ facultative scavengers. Further research including additional key factors in the simulation models are necessary for a better understanding of the paleoecology of these dinosaurs.
{"title":"Preliminary investigations into the predator prey dynamics of Indian dinosaurs by agent-based modelling simulations","authors":"B. Sai Shankar","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.014","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in computer simulations have facilitated the understanding of paleobiology and paleoecology of extinct animals even in cases of limited paleontological evidence. Two dinosaur species, Rajasaurus narmadensis(Wilson), and Isisaurus colberti (Jain & Bandyopadhyay) dominated the late Maastrichtian stage of upper Cretaceous Lameta formation in India, whose paleobiology is poorly understood. A preliminary approach to understand the predator prey dynamics of these two dinosaur species is presented in this study using Agent Based Modelling Simulations (ABMs) program Netlogo by modelling the agents under three scenarios of varying predator prey ratio (PPR) and analyzing the results. The results revealed that the scenario with the high PPR provided maximal predation success, faster and higher kill numbers and overall predation efficiency, similar to extant predators/ facultative scavengers. Further research including additional key factors in the simulation models are necessary for a better understanding of the paleoecology of these dinosaurs.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"38 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.016
Preethy Treesa Paul, Jean Mary Joy, Fazil T.S, A. P, N. Chatterjee, Suseela Mathew
A vital renewable resource for the marine environment, seaweed naturally supplies nutrients and has several health benefits. The nutritional properties of seaweed compounds have yet to be well investigated; much research has been done on their chemical and biological makeup. Seaweeds provide an alternate supply of these essential nutrients, including protein, fibre, and necessary and non-essential trace elements. In the present study, two brown seaweeds-Sargassum wightii and Sargassum thunbergii,collected from the Mandapam coastal region of Tamil Nadu, were assessed for their proximate composition, minerals, and heavy metals.The findings on dry weight basis showed that carbohydrates (65.1–67.9%) predominated in the proximal analysis, followed by ash content (12.5–16.3%). On a dry weight basis, the critical trace elements found in seaweeds, such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe), were between 8.14–12.41 ppm, 3.95–4.86 ppm, and 648.92-898.45 ppm, respectively. Both seaweeds have a very high calcium (Ca) concentration, ranging from (14,805.08-16,235.62) ppm. The seaweed species did not contain any measurable levels of dangerous heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), beryllium (Be), lead (Pb), or mercury (Hg). The results demonstrated how seaweed or marine macroalgae may be helpful for essential nutrient supply.
{"title":"Evaluation of the proximate composition, minerals, and heavy metals of brown seaweeds: Sargassum wightii and Sargassum thunbergii collected from the Mandapam coastal regions, Tamil Nadu","authors":"Preethy Treesa Paul, Jean Mary Joy, Fazil T.S, A. P, N. Chatterjee, Suseela Mathew","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.016","url":null,"abstract":"A vital renewable resource for the marine environment, seaweed naturally supplies nutrients and has several health benefits. The nutritional properties of seaweed compounds have yet to be well investigated; much research has been done on their chemical and biological makeup. Seaweeds provide an alternate supply of these essential nutrients, including protein, fibre, and necessary and non-essential trace elements. In the present study, two brown seaweeds-Sargassum wightii and Sargassum thunbergii,collected from the Mandapam coastal region of Tamil Nadu, were assessed for their proximate composition, minerals, and heavy metals.The findings on dry weight basis showed that carbohydrates (65.1–67.9%) predominated in the proximal analysis, followed by ash content (12.5–16.3%). On a dry weight basis, the critical trace elements found in seaweeds, such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe), were between 8.14–12.41 ppm, 3.95–4.86 ppm, and 648.92-898.45 ppm, respectively. Both seaweeds have a very high calcium (Ca) concentration, ranging from (14,805.08-16,235.62) ppm. The seaweed species did not contain any measurable levels of dangerous heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), beryllium (Be), lead (Pb), or mercury (Hg). The results demonstrated how seaweed or marine macroalgae may be helpful for essential nutrient supply.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"42 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.001
Sanjay Paunikar, Fatima Kaneez
The study on morphometric and meristic characters of two species of fresh water fishes under order Cypriniformes were carried out in Ichthyology laboratory of Zoological Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre, Dehradun. During the present investigation, 2 families under Cyprinidae and Cobitidae fish species are molacarplet, Amblypharyngodonmola Hamilton (1822) and Lepidocephalichthys guntea (Hamilton, 1822) were identified. The 22 morphometric and 5 meristic counts were studied from Song River, Dehradun. The result showed that all the morphometric characters of two fishes are dependent on the total length. The analyzed data of morphometric dimensions of fish species would be beneficial for the policy makers or planners to develop the scientific strategies for their protection and conservation. The findings will also set the scientific principles for the management and sustainable development of the commercially essential freshwater food fishes.
{"title":"Morphometric characters and meristic counts of two freshwater fishes of order Cypriniformes from song river Dehradun, Uttarakhand","authors":"Sanjay Paunikar, Fatima Kaneez","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.001","url":null,"abstract":"The study on morphometric and meristic characters of two species of fresh water fishes under order Cypriniformes were carried out in Ichthyology laboratory of Zoological Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre, Dehradun. During the present investigation, 2 families under Cyprinidae and Cobitidae fish species are molacarplet, Amblypharyngodonmola Hamilton (1822) and Lepidocephalichthys guntea (Hamilton, 1822) were identified. The 22 morphometric and 5 meristic counts were studied from Song River, Dehradun. The result showed that all the morphometric characters of two fishes are dependent on the total length. The analyzed data of morphometric dimensions of fish species would be beneficial for the policy makers or planners to develop the scientific strategies for their protection and conservation. The findings will also set the scientific principles for the management and sustainable development of the commercially essential freshwater food fishes.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.007
Kalaiselvi G, Jayanthi R, Ramya M, Anada Chitra M, Balakrishnan G, Jaisree S, Soundararajan C
The ectoparasites produces severe economic and production loss in farm animal’s through tick bites, sucking of blood, tick worry, tick toxicosis, tick paralysis and transmission of haemoprotozoan diseases. Ticks developed resistance against chemical acaricides and also the residues of chemical acaricide producing environmental pollution. The herbal based acaricide used as biocontrol agent for protecting environment particularly hilly area. As per indigenous technical knowledge records, the Nicotiana tabacum was a traditional control remedy for control of ectoparasites in India. In vitro acaricidal efficacy of crude aqueous leaf extract of Nicotiana tabacum along with neem and turmeric followed by Annona leaves on immature and adult stages of Rhipicephalus sp. was carried out at different concentrations of with different time interval. These extract combo had a significant effect on the mortality of nymphal and adult stages of ticks. The 70%, 80% and 90% mortality of Nymphal and adult stages of ticks at 24-36 hours post treatment with 40%, 50% 70% concentration of herbal extract in invitro assay. The mortality rates of ticks increased with the increasing the extract concentrations both in vivo and in vitro. Nicotiana tabacum causes paralysis of ticks and leads to detachment from the body of animal and concluded that Nicotiana tabacum along with turmeric and annona extract is effective biocontrol agent for controlling ectoparasites without any environmental pollution and harmful side effect in animal health.
{"title":"Acaricidal effect of crude aqueous extract of Nicotiana tabacum along with turmeric and Annona leaf extract on cattle ticks","authors":"Kalaiselvi G, Jayanthi R, Ramya M, Anada Chitra M, Balakrishnan G, Jaisree S, Soundararajan C","doi":"10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.007","url":null,"abstract":"The ectoparasites produces severe economic and production loss in farm animal’s through tick bites, sucking of blood, tick worry, tick toxicosis, tick paralysis and transmission of haemoprotozoan diseases. Ticks developed resistance against chemical acaricides and also the residues of chemical acaricide producing environmental pollution. The herbal based acaricide used as biocontrol agent for protecting environment particularly hilly area. As per indigenous technical knowledge records, the Nicotiana tabacum was a traditional control remedy for control of ectoparasites in India. In vitro acaricidal efficacy of crude aqueous leaf extract of Nicotiana tabacum along with neem and turmeric followed by Annona leaves on immature and adult stages of Rhipicephalus sp. was carried out at different concentrations of with different time interval. These extract combo had a significant effect on the mortality of nymphal and adult stages of ticks. The 70%, 80% and 90% mortality of Nymphal and adult stages of ticks at 24-36 hours post treatment with 40%, 50% 70% concentration of herbal extract in invitro assay. The mortality rates of ticks increased with the increasing the extract concentrations both in vivo and in vitro. Nicotiana tabacum causes paralysis of ticks and leads to detachment from the body of animal and concluded that Nicotiana tabacum along with turmeric and annona extract is effective biocontrol agent for controlling ectoparasites without any environmental pollution and harmful side effect in animal health.","PeriodicalId":124652,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139262339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.55126/ijzab.2023.v08.i06.003
Egbe B. Besong, Nchegan Benjamin, Ateufack Gilbert, A. Kamanyi
Antidepressants have been associated with toxicity of the male reproductive system, altering testicular architecture, affecting hormonal profile and sperm characteristics, especially when administered for a long duration. Earlier, we reported the sex-enhancing potentials of Pseudpanax arboreus in normal male rats and its potentials to correct sexual deficiencies induced by amitriptyline in male rats. We undertook the present investigation to determine the curative properties of the leaf-aqueous extract of P. arboreus (Pa) on some indices of amitriptyline-induced male sexual impairments in rats. Sexually mature Albino male rats pre-exposed to10 mg/kg body weight of amitriptyline hydrochloride suspension for 56 days then allowed to self-recover for 11.5 days, were divided into 5 groups of 8 rats each and treated as follow: Group 1, pre-treated with amitriptyline, was allowed time for self-healing; Group 2 received 10ml/kg distilled water and served as negative control; Group 3 received 6mg/kg sildenafil citrateTM (Viagra) (positive control); while Groups 4 and 5 were administered 75 and 150mg/kg of the aqueous extract of P. arboreus, respectively. All extract-treated animals showed significant increase in relative weight of some sex and accessory organs, increased sperm motility and concentration as well as increased plasma concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone compared to the negative control animals. Also, the extract induced a significant improvement in the histo-architecture of the testes in sexually impaired animals, compared to the control group. In conclusion, the leaf-aqueous extract of Pseudopanax arboreus possesses curative properties on some male reproductive indices induced by amitriptyline.
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