Background. Liver involvement secondary to multiple myeloma is a rare and uncommon radiologic finding. Such extraosseous secondary lesions as well as tongue involvement require pathohistological confirmation to prevent misdiagnosis. Clinical and laboratory diagnostics are challenging in patients with COVID-19 and underlying multiple myeloma and its secondary lesions, leading to difficulties in treatment and outcomes. Case Report. A 64-year-old male patient, not vaccinated against COVID-19, with a history of multiple myeloma presented with symptoms of headache, fatigue, dyspnea, cough, and fever. The patient’s medical history was intricate, involving cholecystectomy and a diagnosis of multiple myeloma, which was subsequently treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Additionally, uncommon liver and tongue involvement secondary to multiple myeloma was found. Upon admission, the patient’s peripheral oxygen saturation was 90%, accompanied by increasing shortness of breath and a respiratory rate of 26 breaths per minute. A positive COVID-19 test was recorded. A lung computed tomography revealed bilateral multifocal areas of ground-glass opacity and consolidation, encompassing the entire pulmonary regions, corresponding to CO-RADS 6. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit. Despite initiating oxygen support and symptomatic therapy, the patient’s death occurred. Autopsy confirmed the development of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and bilateral hemorrhagic pneumonia, with multiple myeloma as a contributing factor. Conclusions. This case report highlighted the rare occurrence of secondary liver involvement in multiple myeloma, characterized by nodules with distinct imaging features. It underscored the importance of identifying coexisting lesions, such as tongue involvement, and the diagnostic challenges they pose. Additionally, the case emphasized the need for comprehensive clinical assessment in patients with concurrent COVID-19 and underlying multiple myeloma, as it may lead to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
{"title":"Multiple Myeloma Patient with Secondary Liver and Tongue Involvement, Complicated by COVID-19-Induced ARDS: An Autopsy Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Viktoriya Matskevych, Khrystyna Ilnytska, T.L. Lenchuk, Yulian Mytsyk, Elvira Kindrativ, Nataliia Hlushko","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2024-a01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2024-a01","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Liver involvement secondary to multiple myeloma is a rare and uncommon radiologic finding. Such extraosseous secondary lesions as well as tongue involvement require pathohistological confirmation to prevent misdiagnosis. Clinical and laboratory diagnostics are challenging in patients with COVID-19 and underlying multiple myeloma and its secondary lesions, leading to difficulties in treatment and outcomes. \u0000Case Report. A 64-year-old male patient, not vaccinated against COVID-19, with a history of multiple myeloma presented with symptoms of headache, fatigue, dyspnea, cough, and fever. The patient’s medical history was intricate, involving cholecystectomy and a diagnosis of multiple myeloma, which was subsequently treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Additionally, uncommon liver and tongue involvement secondary to multiple myeloma was found. Upon admission, the patient’s peripheral oxygen saturation was 90%, accompanied by increasing shortness of breath and a respiratory rate of 26 breaths per minute. A positive COVID-19 test was recorded. A lung computed tomography revealed bilateral multifocal areas of ground-glass opacity and consolidation, encompassing the entire pulmonary regions, corresponding to CO-RADS 6. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit. Despite initiating oxygen support and symptomatic therapy, the patient’s death occurred. Autopsy confirmed the development of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and bilateral hemorrhagic pneumonia, with multiple myeloma as a contributing factor. \u0000Conclusions. This case report highlighted the rare occurrence of secondary liver involvement in multiple myeloma, characterized by nodules with distinct imaging features. It underscored the importance of identifying coexisting lesions, such as tongue involvement, and the diagnostic challenges they pose. Additionally, the case emphasized the need for comprehensive clinical assessment in patients with concurrent COVID-19 and underlying multiple myeloma, as it may lead to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed A. Mosa, Ali Jotiar Mahmood, Kani F. Farooq, Jodi R. Haji, Dana Jacksi, Daliya K. Mohamed-Saqid, Talar R. Mnasakan
Background. Medical research and innovation are essential for the growth of medical education and healthcare system. Medical students should be taught in a research-informed environment, which allows them to make better clinical decisions and enhances their scientific output. Aim. The purpose of this study was to evaluate medical students’ knowledge, attitude, practice, and perceived barriers towards undergraduate medical research in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Methods. This cross-sectional study, which was carried out between October 2022 and April 2023, included medical students from seven medical colleges in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The survey comprised 19 questions, categorized into five sections, and delivered to students using the Google form platform. Results. A total of 363 medical students from seven medical colleges in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq were enrolled in this study. The sex ratio was about equal. The mean age was 20.6 (± 1.7 SD) years. Study participants demonstrated a low level of knowledge of research fundamentals, with an average correct response rate of 37.7%, as only 8.8% of participants answered all questions correctly. Three-fifths (61.5%) of participants believed research should be integrated into the curriculum, while about one-third (27%) of our study participants viewed research as an additional burden. Nearly one-third (34%) of students had participated in a research project before. Conclusions. In our study, we found that students in clinical stages aged 21 or older and those with prior research experience showed significantly higher knowledge levels. Research participation was associated with a more favorable attitude. The vast majority of our students expressed a keen interest in participating in research projects. Students identified lack of time and deficient research skills as the most prominent barriers hindering their active participation in research.
{"title":"Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Perceived Barriers Towards Medical Research: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ahmed A. Mosa, Ali Jotiar Mahmood, Kani F. Farooq, Jodi R. Haji, Dana Jacksi, Daliya K. Mohamed-Saqid, Talar R. Mnasakan","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a09","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Medical research and innovation are essential for the growth of medical education and healthcare system. Medical students should be taught in a research-informed environment, which allows them to make better clinical decisions and enhances their scientific output. \u0000Aim. The purpose of this study was to evaluate medical students’ knowledge, attitude, practice, and perceived barriers towards undergraduate medical research in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. \u0000Methods. This cross-sectional study, which was carried out between October 2022 and April 2023, included medical students from seven medical colleges in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The survey comprised 19 questions, categorized into five sections, and delivered to students using the Google form platform. \u0000Results. A total of 363 medical students from seven medical colleges in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq were enrolled in this study. The sex ratio was about equal. The mean age was 20.6 (± 1.7 SD) years. Study participants demonstrated a low level of knowledge of research fundamentals, with an average correct response rate of 37.7%, as only 8.8% of participants answered all questions correctly. Three-fifths (61.5%) of participants believed research should be integrated into the curriculum, while about one-third (27%) of our study participants viewed research as an additional burden. Nearly one-third (34%) of students had participated in a research project before. \u0000Conclusions. In our study, we found that students in clinical stages aged 21 or older and those with prior research experience showed significantly higher knowledge levels. Research participation was associated with a more favorable attitude. The vast majority of our students expressed a keen interest in participating in research projects. Students identified lack of time and deficient research skills as the most prominent barriers hindering their active participation in research.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Popadynets, T. Kotyk, Oksana Fedoruk, N. Tokaruk, Viktoria Bedei
The 'Galician Medical Journal' celebrates its thirtieth anniversary, marking three decades of impactful contributions to the medical field. Since its establishment in 1994, the journal has evolved, overcoming challenges to become a significant platform for disseminating medical knowledge. In this editorial, we briefly reflect on the historical evolution of the journal, highlighting its transformation from local origins to an active involvement in the global medical community.
{"title":"Three Decades of Progress and Commitment: Brief Historical Landmarks of ‘Galician Medical Journal’ Journey","authors":"O. Popadynets, T. Kotyk, Oksana Fedoruk, N. Tokaruk, Viktoria Bedei","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a08","url":null,"abstract":"The 'Galician Medical Journal' celebrates its thirtieth anniversary, marking three decades of impactful contributions to the medical field. Since its establishment in 1994, the journal has evolved, overcoming challenges to become a significant platform for disseminating medical knowledge. In this editorial, we briefly reflect on the historical evolution of the journal, highlighting its transformation from local origins to an active involvement in the global medical community.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"117 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138609511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Damla Erkal, Abdullah Başoğlu, D. Kırıcı, Nezahat Arzu Kayar, S. Koç, Kürşat Er
Aim. This article presents an evaluation of different multidisciplinary treatment approaches to managing teeth with external and internal root resorptions. Methods. This study presents a clinical case of a 35-year-old female patient referred to Akdeniz University for dental issues. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, encompassing 21 articles sourced from PubMed and Web of Science over the past decade, including case reports and case series. Results. Case Report. A clinical case of a 35-year-old female patient seeking treatment for dental aesthetic concerns was reported and discussed. Intraoral examination revealed discoloration of maxillary anterior teeth and a sinus tract in the apical region of tooth #11. The resorption area was sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate. Afterward, the coronal part of the root was filled using the warm-vertical compaction method. During the final visit, non-vital bleaching was applied to teeth #11 and #21. After all these procedures, aesthetic coronal restorations were completed. Systematic Review. In the context of this clinical case, a literature review was conducted, encompassing an assessment of a total of 25 cases of external and internal resorptions. Among these cases, a combination of surgical and endodontic treatments was applied in 12 cases, while non-surgical endodontic treatment was performed in 13 cases. Conclusions. In the present case report, a patient who had both external and internal root resorptions was treated with mineral trioxide aggregate and flap operation, with no subsequent complications during the follow-up sessions. Among the 21 reports included in our review, 24 out of 25 treated teeth demonstrated successful outcomes, while only one tooth necessitated extraction.
{"title":"Treatment of Teeth with Root Resorptions: A Case Report and Systematic Review","authors":"Damla Erkal, Abdullah Başoğlu, D. Kırıcı, Nezahat Arzu Kayar, S. Koç, Kürşat Er","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a07","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. This article presents an evaluation of different multidisciplinary treatment approaches to managing teeth with external and internal root resorptions. Methods. This study presents a clinical case of a 35-year-old female patient referred to Akdeniz University for dental issues. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, encompassing 21 articles sourced from PubMed and Web of Science over the past decade, including case reports and case series. Results. Case Report. A clinical case of a 35-year-old female patient seeking treatment for dental aesthetic concerns was reported and discussed. Intraoral examination revealed discoloration of maxillary anterior teeth and a sinus tract in the apical region of tooth #11. The resorption area was sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate. Afterward, the coronal part of the root was filled using the warm-vertical compaction method. During the final visit, non-vital bleaching was applied to teeth #11 and #21. After all these procedures, aesthetic coronal restorations were completed. Systematic Review. In the context of this clinical case, a literature review was conducted, encompassing an assessment of a total of 25 cases of external and internal resorptions. Among these cases, a combination of surgical and endodontic treatments was applied in 12 cases, while non-surgical endodontic treatment was performed in 13 cases. Conclusions. In the present case report, a patient who had both external and internal root resorptions was treated with mineral trioxide aggregate and flap operation, with no subsequent complications during the follow-up sessions. Among the 21 reports included in our review, 24 out of 25 treated teeth demonstrated successful outcomes, while only one tooth necessitated extraction.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"108 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139259955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The intensive care unit (ICU) plays a pivotal role in providing specialized care to patients with severe illnesses or injuries. As a critical aspect of healthcare, ICU admissions demand immediate attention and skilled care from healthcare professionals. However, the intricacies involved in this process necessitate analytical solutions to ensure effective management and optimal patient outcomes.
Aim. The aim of this review was to highlight the enhancement of the ICUs through the application of analytics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning.
Methods. The review approach was carried out through databases such as MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Sage, ProQuest, Science Direct, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. These databases were chosen due to their potential to offer pertinent and comprehensive coverage of the topic while reducing the likelihood of overlooking certain publications. The studies for this review involved the period from 2016 to 2023.
Results. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have been instrumental in benchmarking and identifying effective practices to enhance ICU care. These advanced technologies have demonstrated significant improvements in various aspects.
Conclusions. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analysis techniques significantly improved critical care, patient outcomes, and healthcare delivery.
{"title":"Impact of Analytics Applying Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning on Enhancing Intensive Care Unit: A Narrative Review","authors":"Gopal Singh Charan, Ashok Singh Charan, Mandeep Singh Khurana, Gursharn Singh Narang","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The intensive care unit (ICU) plays a pivotal role in providing specialized care to patients with severe illnesses or injuries. As a critical aspect of healthcare, ICU admissions demand immediate attention and skilled care from healthcare professionals. However, the intricacies involved in this process necessitate analytical solutions to ensure effective management and optimal patient outcomes.
 Aim. The aim of this review was to highlight the enhancement of the ICUs through the application of analytics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning.
 Methods. The review approach was carried out through databases such as MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Sage, ProQuest, Science Direct, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. These databases were chosen due to their potential to offer pertinent and comprehensive coverage of the topic while reducing the likelihood of overlooking certain publications. The studies for this review involved the period from 2016 to 2023.
 Results. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have been instrumental in benchmarking and identifying effective practices to enhance ICU care. These advanced technologies have demonstrated significant improvements in various aspects.
 Conclusions. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analysis techniques significantly improved critical care, patient outcomes, and healthcare delivery.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"22 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135589808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eliza Babych, Ksenia Yarovaya, Yuliia Solodovnikova, Anatoliy Son
Physical rehabilitation is a proven method of non-specific lower back pain treatment in contrast to manual therapy which has no evidence of clinical effectiveness. But sometimes, in the search for relief, patients develop complications resulting from the actions of unscrupulous healthcare providers in this field. A 35-year-old patient developed unbearable pain, impaired sensitivity, decreased muscle strength, stiffness in both legs, and urinary retention after rough manual-barefoot manipulation. Computed tomography scans of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine regions revealed signs of hematomyelia involving the Th9-Th10, Th10-Th11, and L1-L2 spinal cord segments. After undergoing therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticosteroids, the patient reported a significant improvement in his condition. The description of this clinical case demonstrates a complication of the manual-barefoot manipulation presenting as compressive myelopathy.
{"title":"A Case Report of Reversible Iatrogenic Compressive Myelopathy","authors":"Eliza Babych, Ksenia Yarovaya, Yuliia Solodovnikova, Anatoliy Son","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a05","url":null,"abstract":"Physical rehabilitation is a proven method of non-specific lower back pain treatment in contrast to manual therapy which has no evidence of clinical effectiveness. But sometimes, in the search for relief, patients develop complications resulting from the actions of unscrupulous healthcare providers in this field. A 35-year-old patient developed unbearable pain, impaired sensitivity, decreased muscle strength, stiffness in both legs, and urinary retention after rough manual-barefoot manipulation. Computed tomography scans of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine regions revealed signs of hematomyelia involving the Th9-Th10, Th10-Th11, and L1-L2 spinal cord segments. After undergoing therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticosteroids, the patient reported a significant improvement in his condition. The description of this clinical case demonstrates a complication of the manual-barefoot manipulation presenting as compressive myelopathy.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135367130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gamze Yurtdaş Depboylu, Nilüfer Acar Tek, Burcu Deniz Güneş, Özge Mengi Çelik, Gizem Özata Uyar, Ayşe Derya Bayazıt, Emre Yaşar, Yasemin Erten
Objective. This study aimed to determine serum adropin levels and to examine the relationship of serum adropin levels with nutritional status and lipid profile in patients with kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT).
Methods. The study consisted of 88 subjects, including 30 patients treated with hemodialysis (HD), 29 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), and 29 patients who had undergone kidney transplantation (TX). The study included assessing anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength, bioelectrical impedance analysis, malnutrition-inflammation score, dietary intake, resting energy expenditure, and biochemical parameters. The patients’ food consumption was recorded for three days. The malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS) was calculated to assess the patients’ nutritional status. Blood samples were collected for serum adropin and other biochemical parameters.
Results. Adropin levels were significantly higher in the TX group when compared to the HD group. Patients with low adropin levels had higher MIS, serum ferritin, and lower low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (total-C) levels. Serum adropin levels were negatively correlated with the MIS and positively correlated with total-C, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the MIS (β=-0.25 p=0.038) and LDL-C level (β=0.29, p=0.007) were associated with serum adropin.
Conclusions. Adropin may be considered as a new marker of nutritional status and possibly plays a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms and complications of patients with KFRT.
{"title":"Association of Serum Adropin Levels with Nutritional Status and Lipid Profile in Patients with Kidney Failure with Replacement Therapy","authors":"Gamze Yurtdaş Depboylu, Nilüfer Acar Tek, Burcu Deniz Güneş, Özge Mengi Çelik, Gizem Özata Uyar, Ayşe Derya Bayazıt, Emre Yaşar, Yasemin Erten","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a04","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. This study aimed to determine serum adropin levels and to examine the relationship of serum adropin levels with nutritional status and lipid profile in patients with kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT).
 Methods. The study consisted of 88 subjects, including 30 patients treated with hemodialysis (HD), 29 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), and 29 patients who had undergone kidney transplantation (TX). The study included assessing anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength, bioelectrical impedance analysis, malnutrition-inflammation score, dietary intake, resting energy expenditure, and biochemical parameters. The patients’ food consumption was recorded for three days. The malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS) was calculated to assess the patients’ nutritional status. Blood samples were collected for serum adropin and other biochemical parameters.
 Results. Adropin levels were significantly higher in the TX group when compared to the HD group. Patients with low adropin levels had higher MIS, serum ferritin, and lower low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (total-C) levels. Serum adropin levels were negatively correlated with the MIS and positively correlated with total-C, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the MIS (β=-0.25 p=0.038) and LDL-C level (β=0.29, p=0.007) were associated with serum adropin.
 Conclusions. Adropin may be considered as a new marker of nutritional status and possibly plays a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms and complications of patients with KFRT.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136337084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dayna Telken, Nael Haddad, Victor Arce Gutierrez, Donald Tschirhart, Yasmin Alishahi
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are an increasingly utilized class of medications in oncology. Significant adverse effects have been reported, including hepatitis which mostly occurs early after initiating treatment. We present a case of a 78-year-old male with past medical history of recurrent sinusoidal mucosal malignant melanoma on pembrolizumab for three years that presented with painless jaundice of 72-hour duration. Laboratory evaluation demonstrated alkaline phosphatase at 1780 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase at 2290 IU/L, alanine aminotransferase at 1224 IU/L, and bilirubin of 10.0 mg/dL with direct bilirubin of 7.4 mg/dL. The patient underwent interventional radiology transjugular liver biopsy demonstrating features of drug-induced liver injury secondary to pembrolizumab therapy. He was started on steroid therapy and completed six-week course with resolution in liver enzymes. This is a unique case in which pembrolizumab-induced hepatitis occurred three years after initiation of treatment. Due to the increased use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for oncologic treatment, it is important for clinicians to recognize their immune-related adverse effects and varying timing in which these toxicities may occur.
{"title":"A Case of Delayed Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Hepatitis in a Patient with Malignant Melanoma","authors":"Dayna Telken, Nael Haddad, Victor Arce Gutierrez, Donald Tschirhart, Yasmin Alishahi","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a01","url":null,"abstract":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors are an increasingly utilized class of medications in oncology. Significant adverse effects have been reported, including hepatitis which mostly occurs early after initiating treatment. We present a case of a 78-year-old male with past medical history of recurrent sinusoidal mucosal malignant melanoma on pembrolizumab for three years that presented with painless jaundice of 72-hour duration. Laboratory evaluation demonstrated alkaline phosphatase at 1780 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase at 2290 IU/L, alanine aminotransferase at 1224 IU/L, and bilirubin of 10.0 mg/dL with direct bilirubin of 7.4 mg/dL. The patient underwent interventional radiology transjugular liver biopsy demonstrating features of drug-induced liver injury secondary to pembrolizumab therapy. He was started on steroid therapy and completed six-week course with resolution in liver enzymes. This is a unique case in which pembrolizumab-induced hepatitis occurred three years after initiation of treatment. Due to the increased use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for oncologic treatment, it is important for clinicians to recognize their immune-related adverse effects and varying timing in which these toxicities may occur.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135961386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was aimed to identify the relationship between obesity awareness and nutrition attitudes among secondary school students.
Methods. This descriptive research was conducted between April and June 2022 and involved 625 secondary school students of a province in Eastern Turkey. The data were collected using a question form consisting of a questionnaire, the Obesity Awareness Scale (OAS), and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN). One-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were used to interpret the data.
Results. There was a balanced distribution of descriptive characteristics among the study population. In this study, age and grade level were effective on the ASHN and OAS. Additionally, there were significant differences in the OAS score only by gender; however, the ASHN value significantly depended on weight assessment status, regular eating, and body mass index variables. Although there was a considerable deviation observed within the assessed sample regarding unhealthy behaviors, average time spent per day on the computer, phone, or television was approximately one hour. Although the study population had a positive attitude towards healthy eating and a high awareness of obesity, it was seen that students consumed junk food twice per day and fast food once a week on average. A regression analysis revealed a significant negative impact of time spent per day on the phone and junk food consumption on the ASHN; however, regular eating and OAS had positive effects.
Conclusions. As students’ attitudes towards healthy nutrition increased, their levels of obesity awareness increased as well. Unhealthy lifestyle factors such as phone usage and junk food intake negatively affected healthy eating attitudes.
{"title":"Relationship Between Obesity Awareness and Nutrition Attitude: A Sectional Study Among Secondary School Students","authors":"Gulsun Ayran, Ozlem Karaca","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a02","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to identify the relationship between obesity awareness and nutrition attitudes among secondary school students.
 Methods. This descriptive research was conducted between April and June 2022 and involved 625 secondary school students of a province in Eastern Turkey. The data were collected using a question form consisting of a questionnaire, the Obesity Awareness Scale (OAS), and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN). One-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were used to interpret the data.
 Results. There was a balanced distribution of descriptive characteristics among the study population. In this study, age and grade level were effective on the ASHN and OAS. Additionally, there were significant differences in the OAS score only by gender; however, the ASHN value significantly depended on weight assessment status, regular eating, and body mass index variables. Although there was a considerable deviation observed within the assessed sample regarding unhealthy behaviors, average time spent per day on the computer, phone, or television was approximately one hour. Although the study population had a positive attitude towards healthy eating and a high awareness of obesity, it was seen that students consumed junk food twice per day and fast food once a week on average. A regression analysis revealed a significant negative impact of time spent per day on the phone and junk food consumption on the ASHN; however, regular eating and OAS had positive effects.
 Conclusions. As students’ attitudes towards healthy nutrition increased, their levels of obesity awareness increased as well. Unhealthy lifestyle factors such as phone usage and junk food intake negatively affected healthy eating attitudes.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135959686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders being an important cause of disability as they impair the functionality of affected individuals.
Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of anxiety sensitivity, which is one of the cognitive structures involved in the etiology and perpetuation of psychopathologies, and emotional schemas, which evaluate how people handle their emotions, on anxiety symptoms.
Methods. One hundred participants who were admitted to the outpatient psychiatry clinic, agreed to participate in the study, and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-I), Leahy Emotional Schema Scale Turkish Version (LESS-T), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3) were administered to the participants.
Results. A correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the BAI score and BDI-I score, ASI-3 total score, and LESS-T Uncontrollability, Weakness, Comprehensibility, Acceptance of Emotions, Rumination, Denial of Emotions, Validation subscale scores (p < 0.05). A logistic regression analysis that examined the risk factors predicting anxiety symptoms in individuals found that increasing BDI-I and ASI-3 total scores had an increasing effect on the development of anxiety, and an increase in the LESS-T Denial of Emotions subscore had a decreasing effect.
Conclusions. Determining anxiety sensitivity and emotional schemas in patients with anxiety symptoms may be a guide in identifying and treating the risk factors for the development of anxiety disorders.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Anxiety Symptoms, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Emotional Schemas in Patients Admitted to Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic","authors":"Ozlem Bas Uluyol, Kumru Senyasar Meterelliyoz","doi":"10.21802/e-gmj2023-a03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/e-gmj2023-a03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders being an important cause of disability as they impair the functionality of affected individuals.
 Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of anxiety sensitivity, which is one of the cognitive structures involved in the etiology and perpetuation of psychopathologies, and emotional schemas, which evaluate how people handle their emotions, on anxiety symptoms.
 Methods. One hundred participants who were admitted to the outpatient psychiatry clinic, agreed to participate in the study, and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-I), Leahy Emotional Schema Scale Turkish Version (LESS-T), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3) were administered to the participants.
 Results. A correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the BAI score and BDI-I score, ASI-3 total score, and LESS-T Uncontrollability, Weakness, Comprehensibility, Acceptance of Emotions, Rumination, Denial of Emotions, Validation subscale scores (p < 0.05). A logistic regression analysis that examined the risk factors predicting anxiety symptoms in individuals found that increasing BDI-I and ASI-3 total scores had an increasing effect on the development of anxiety, and an increase in the LESS-T Denial of Emotions subscore had a decreasing effect.
 Conclusions. Determining anxiety sensitivity and emotional schemas in patients with anxiety symptoms may be a guide in identifying and treating the risk factors for the development of anxiety disorders.","PeriodicalId":12537,"journal":{"name":"Galician Medical Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135959924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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