Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877004
F. Bougriou, T. Bouchemat, M. Bouchemat, N. Paraire
Photonic crystals (PCs) have achieved a lot of research significance due to their projected applications. Their use as sensors is enabled due to their well-defined physical properties such as reflectance/ transmittance, superior levels of sensitivity resulting in precise detection limits. In this paper, we propose an ultracompact RI (refractive index) sensor based on single line photonic crystal waveguide structure. The properties of the sensor are simulated using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The transmission spectrums of the sensor with different ambient refractive indices are calculated. The calculation results show that a change in ambient RI is apparent; the sensitivity of the sensor is achieved. The radius of the air holes localized at each side of the line defect is optimized to realize high sensitivity, wide measurement range and improved transmission. Development of sensor designs that enhance sensitivity is especially important because it allows detection of lower concentrations of analytes. For instance, refractive index (RI) sensing techniques detect an analyte by a local refractive index shift.
{"title":"High sensitivity of sensors based on two-dimensional photonic crystal","authors":"F. Bougriou, T. Bouchemat, M. Bouchemat, N. Paraire","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877004","url":null,"abstract":"Photonic crystals (PCs) have achieved a lot of research significance due to their projected applications. Their use as sensors is enabled due to their well-defined physical properties such as reflectance/ transmittance, superior levels of sensitivity resulting in precise detection limits. In this paper, we propose an ultracompact RI (refractive index) sensor based on single line photonic crystal waveguide structure. The properties of the sensor are simulated using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The transmission spectrums of the sensor with different ambient refractive indices are calculated. The calculation results show that a change in ambient RI is apparent; the sensitivity of the sensor is achieved. The radius of the air holes localized at each side of the line defect is optimized to realize high sensitivity, wide measurement range and improved transmission. Development of sensor designs that enhance sensitivity is especially important because it allows detection of lower concentrations of analytes. For instance, refractive index (RI) sensing techniques detect an analyte by a local refractive index shift.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129605490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876919
Asjad Amin, Waqas Anjum, Muhammad Salman Malik, Syed Noman Ali, Ammar Naseer, Ahmed Waseem
This paper evaluates the performance of IPv4 and IPv6 networks in the absence of link layer protection. Behavior of both the networks has been discussed and simulated in case of ideal scenario, low noise, medium noise, high noise and very high noise environment. Transmission behavior at each router is observed and computed to understand the comparative performance of IPv4 and IPv6 datagram's. Our simulation results for throughput, transmission time, number of corrupted packets and number of retransmissions clearly indicates that IPv6 performs better in ideal and low noise scenario as there is no checksum computed at each router and number of retransmissions for corrupted packets are also less. As the system moves from ideal to high noise, a decline in the performance of IPv6 is observed. IPv4 on the other hand produces better throughput as corrupted packets are verified and discarded at each router which saves extra wastage of bandwidth.
{"title":"Performance eveluation of IPv4 and IPv6 networks in absence of link layer protection","authors":"Asjad Amin, Waqas Anjum, Muhammad Salman Malik, Syed Noman Ali, Ammar Naseer, Ahmed Waseem","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876919","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the performance of IPv4 and IPv6 networks in the absence of link layer protection. Behavior of both the networks has been discussed and simulated in case of ideal scenario, low noise, medium noise, high noise and very high noise environment. Transmission behavior at each router is observed and computed to understand the comparative performance of IPv4 and IPv6 datagram's. Our simulation results for throughput, transmission time, number of corrupted packets and number of retransmissions clearly indicates that IPv6 performs better in ideal and low noise scenario as there is no checksum computed at each router and number of retransmissions for corrupted packets are also less. As the system moves from ideal to high noise, a decline in the performance of IPv6 is observed. IPv4 on the other hand produces better throughput as corrupted packets are verified and discarded at each router which saves extra wastage of bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132150834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876999
M. L. Tounsi, A. Belguidoum, M. Yagoub
A computationally efficient full-wave technique is presented to analyze the anisotropic high-Tc superconducting passive microwave circuits on lossy anisotropic layers in multilayer configuration. The numerical analysis was carried out by the spectral domain approach using a dyadic Green's functions. Simulated complex propagation constant and quality factor parameters have been successfully compared to both published measured and theoretical results.
{"title":"Hybrid-mode analysis of anisotropic high-Tc superconducting passive microwave circuits on lossy anisotropic dielectric layers","authors":"M. L. Tounsi, A. Belguidoum, M. Yagoub","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876999","url":null,"abstract":"A computationally efficient full-wave technique is presented to analyze the anisotropic high-Tc superconducting passive microwave circuits on lossy anisotropic layers in multilayer configuration. The numerical analysis was carried out by the spectral domain approach using a dyadic Green's functions. Simulated complex propagation constant and quality factor parameters have been successfully compared to both published measured and theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116073810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876914
M. Nadeem, Stephan Wong, G. Kuzmanov
The H.264/AVC intra-frame codec is widely used to compress image/video data for applications like Digital Still Camera (DSC), Digital Video Camera (DVC), Television Studio Broadcast, and Surveillance video. Intra-prediction is one of the top 3 compute-intensive processing functions in the H.264/AVC baseline decoder [6] and, therefore, consumes significant number of compute cycles a processor. In this paper, we propose a configurable, high-throughput, and area-efficient hardware design for the intra-prediction unit. The intra-prediction algorithm is optimized to significantly reduce the redundancy in addition operations (e.g., 27% reduction when compared with state-of-the-art in literature [12]). The area requirement for our hardware implementation of the optimized intra-prediction algorithm is further reduced by employing a configurable design to reuse data paths for mutually exclusive processing scenarios. The proposed design is described in VHDL and synthesized under 0.18μm CMOS standard cell technology. While working at a clock frequency of 150 MHz, it can easily meet the throughput requirement of HDTV resolutions and consumes only 21K gates.
{"title":"An efficient hardware design for intra-prediction in H.264/AVC decoder","authors":"M. Nadeem, Stephan Wong, G. Kuzmanov","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876914","url":null,"abstract":"The H.264/AVC intra-frame codec is widely used to compress image/video data for applications like Digital Still Camera (DSC), Digital Video Camera (DVC), Television Studio Broadcast, and Surveillance video. Intra-prediction is one of the top 3 compute-intensive processing functions in the H.264/AVC baseline decoder [6] and, therefore, consumes significant number of compute cycles a processor. In this paper, we propose a configurable, high-throughput, and area-efficient hardware design for the intra-prediction unit. The intra-prediction algorithm is optimized to significantly reduce the redundancy in addition operations (e.g., 27% reduction when compared with state-of-the-art in literature [12]). The area requirement for our hardware implementation of the optimized intra-prediction algorithm is further reduced by employing a configurable design to reuse data paths for mutually exclusive processing scenarios. The proposed design is described in VHDL and synthesized under 0.18μm CMOS standard cell technology. While working at a clock frequency of 150 MHz, it can easily meet the throughput requirement of HDTV resolutions and consumes only 21K gates.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115144014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876924
A. Zafar, Z. Imran, M. Rafiq, M. Hasan
Nanocrystelline La1−xSrxFeO3 (0≤x≤1) was prepared by sol gel citrate method. The structural characterization of the compound was carried out by XRD and SEM. X-Ray diffraction showed that single phase LaFeO3 was formed with an orthorhombic structure. DC measurements of the prepared material were investigated from 300K-400K. It has been observed that increase in Sr content enhances the conductivity. The non-linearity in IV curves indicates that the Poole-Frenkel mode of conduction hold for such system.
{"title":"Evidence of Pool-Frenkel conduction mechanism in Sr-doped lanthanum ferrite La1−xSrxFeO3(0≤x≤1) system","authors":"A. Zafar, Z. Imran, M. Rafiq, M. Hasan","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876924","url":null,"abstract":"Nanocrystelline La<inf>1−x</inf>Sr<inf>x</inf>FeO<inf>3</inf> (0≤x≤1) was prepared by sol gel citrate method. The structural characterization of the compound was carried out by XRD and SEM. X-Ray diffraction showed that single phase LaFeO<inf>3</inf> was formed with an orthorhombic structure. DC measurements of the prepared material were investigated from 300K-400K. It has been observed that increase in Sr content enhances the conductivity. The non-linearity in IV curves indicates that the Poole-Frenkel mode of conduction hold for such system.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133233967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876928
R. S. Aziz, M. Alkanhal, A. Sheta
In this paper, two new dual band fractal antenna configurations are proposed. The proposed antennas are built on a partial ground plane and fed through a microstrip feed line. The basic design is based on the self similarity principle of fractal profiles but uses different slot geometries. The first antenna has an arrow-like complex slot while the other has only one simple rectangular wide slot. Numerical simulations are utilized to verify the simple design procedures of the proposed antenna structures. The second simple-slot dual band fractal monopole with self similarity factor of 1.5 has been realized on FR4 substrate and measured. Simulations and experimental results are in good agreement and demonstrate the good matching, bandwidth and radiation performance of the proposed antenna structures.
{"title":"Dual band fractal monopoles","authors":"R. S. Aziz, M. Alkanhal, A. Sheta","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876928","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two new dual band fractal antenna configurations are proposed. The proposed antennas are built on a partial ground plane and fed through a microstrip feed line. The basic design is based on the self similarity principle of fractal profiles but uses different slot geometries. The first antenna has an arrow-like complex slot while the other has only one simple rectangular wide slot. Numerical simulations are utilized to verify the simple design procedures of the proposed antenna structures. The second simple-slot dual band fractal monopole with self similarity factor of 1.5 has been realized on FR4 substrate and measured. Simulations and experimental results are in good agreement and demonstrate the good matching, bandwidth and radiation performance of the proposed antenna structures.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134539635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877006
M. Elrabaa
A new FIFO design that enables fully synchronous circuits with unrelated clocks to communicate synchronously is proposed. Not only would every circuit be running on its own clock, but the interconnection network is fully synchronous and runs at an unrelated clock of its own. With relatively low gate count, the proposed FIFO allows communicating circuits to put/get data at their respective frequencies (1 datum/clock cycle) till it gets filled then the rates converge to the lower frequency. The maximum initial latency is 3 cycles of the consumer's clock. Several manifestations of the proposed FIFO have been developed for different design cases including data width mismatch between producer and consumer. The operation of different FIFOs has been verified using gate-level simulations for several ratios of clock frequencies. An 8-cell FIFO has been designed at the transistor-level and Spice simulations using a 0.13 μm, 1.2V technology has been carried out. It shows proper operation at producer and consumer clock frequencies of 2GHz and 3.125GHz, respectively, with a data transfer rate of more than 2Giga datum/second and an average power of 721 μW.
{"title":"A new FIFO design enabling fully-synchronous on-chip data communication network","authors":"M. Elrabaa","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877006","url":null,"abstract":"A new FIFO design that enables fully synchronous circuits with unrelated clocks to communicate synchronously is proposed. Not only would every circuit be running on its own clock, but the interconnection network is fully synchronous and runs at an unrelated clock of its own. With relatively low gate count, the proposed FIFO allows communicating circuits to put/get data at their respective frequencies (1 datum/clock cycle) till it gets filled then the rates converge to the lower frequency. The maximum initial latency is 3 cycles of the consumer's clock. Several manifestations of the proposed FIFO have been developed for different design cases including data width mismatch between producer and consumer. The operation of different FIFOs has been verified using gate-level simulations for several ratios of clock frequencies. An 8-cell FIFO has been designed at the transistor-level and Spice simulations using a 0.13 μm, 1.2V technology has been carried out. It shows proper operation at producer and consumer clock frequencies of 2GHz and 3.125GHz, respectively, with a data transfer rate of more than 2Giga datum/second and an average power of 721 μW.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114718932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876968
Yasser M. Seddiq, Hesham Altwaijry
An FIR filter is implemented in this work. Enhancing the arithmetic operations of the filter is considered. For the addition operation, the signed-digit number system is utilized. For the multiplication operation, Booth-3 algorithm is used to reduce the number of partial products. Then a 1D filter is used to construct a 2D filter that is deployed on real hardware in an image processing application.
{"title":"An implementation of a 2D FIR filter using the signed-digit number system","authors":"Yasser M. Seddiq, Hesham Altwaijry","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876968","url":null,"abstract":"An FIR filter is implemented in this work. Enhancing the arithmetic operations of the filter is considered. For the addition operation, the signed-digit number system is utilized. For the multiplication operation, Booth-3 algorithm is used to reduce the number of partial products. Then a 1D filter is used to construct a 2D filter that is deployed on real hardware in an image processing application.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115306869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876988
M. Al-Khalidy
The main contribution of this paper is to present and discusses a new approach for development of a kinematics model and control strategy for a Nonholonomic Wheeled Mobile Robot WMR. Dynamic model is involved, the linearization of the model is also presented, and stability analysis is discussed. Extensive simulation results for the proposed controller are presented.
{"title":"Nonholonomic Wheeled Mobile Robot modeling and development","authors":"M. Al-Khalidy","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876988","url":null,"abstract":"The main contribution of this paper is to present and discusses a new approach for development of a kinematics model and control strategy for a Nonholonomic Wheeled Mobile Robot WMR. Dynamic model is involved, the linearization of the model is also presented, and stability analysis is discussed. Extensive simulation results for the proposed controller are presented.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126329743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876986
Mohammed Mujahid Ulla Faiz, A. Zerguine
In this paper, the performance analysis of the least mean fourth (LMF) algorithm and the sign regressor least mean fourth (SRLMF) algorithm is investigated in an adaptive channel equalization scenario. The simulation results indicate that both the LMF and the SRLMF algorithms exhibit similar bit error rate (BER) performance. Moreover, the results show that the SRLMF algorithm has a slight performance degradation in terms of convergence behavior when compared with the LMF algorithm.
{"title":"Adaptive channel equalization using the sign regressor least mean fourth algorithm","authors":"Mohammed Mujahid Ulla Faiz, A. Zerguine","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876986","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the performance analysis of the least mean fourth (LMF) algorithm and the sign regressor least mean fourth (SRLMF) algorithm is investigated in an adaptive channel equalization scenario. The simulation results indicate that both the LMF and the SRLMF algorithms exhibit similar bit error rate (BER) performance. Moreover, the results show that the SRLMF algorithm has a slight performance degradation in terms of convergence behavior when compared with the LMF algorithm.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129532530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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