Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876934
A. Wassal, H. Sarhan, Amr Elsherief
Large and complex system-on-chip devices consisting of many processor cores, accelerators, DSP functions and many other processing and memory elements are becoming common in the semiconductor industry nowadays. To communicate, these processing and memory elements need to have a network-on-chip (NoC) that is scalable enough to support large number of elements and large bandwidth among other requirements. This paper evaluates the performance of the 2D memory-centric NoC architecture from throughput and latency perspective versus the Mesh topology. We also propose a memory-centric architecture that takes advantage of developments in 3D integration technologies. The advantages of 3D memory-centric NoCs from physical design, performance and manufacturing points of view are discussed. The proposed architecture is based on a shared-memory pool that is suitable for transaction-based applications. Also, as the crossbar is a critical component in the memory-shared NoC, special 3D crossbar architecture has been proposed.
{"title":"Novel 3D memory-centric NoC architecture for transaction-based SoC applications","authors":"A. Wassal, H. Sarhan, Amr Elsherief","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876934","url":null,"abstract":"Large and complex system-on-chip devices consisting of many processor cores, accelerators, DSP functions and many other processing and memory elements are becoming common in the semiconductor industry nowadays. To communicate, these processing and memory elements need to have a network-on-chip (NoC) that is scalable enough to support large number of elements and large bandwidth among other requirements. This paper evaluates the performance of the 2D memory-centric NoC architecture from throughput and latency perspective versus the Mesh topology. We also propose a memory-centric architecture that takes advantage of developments in 3D integration technologies. The advantages of 3D memory-centric NoCs from physical design, performance and manufacturing points of view are discussed. The proposed architecture is based on a shared-memory pool that is suitable for transaction-based applications. Also, as the crossbar is a critical component in the memory-shared NoC, special 3D crossbar architecture has been proposed.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128386367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876977
T. Hanafy
The effect of IR laser pulses fluencies on the dielectric properties, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), for Makrofol-DE 1–1 CC polycarbonate has been investigated in the temperature and frequency ranges of 300–375K and 10kHz–4MHz, respectively. IR laser fluencies are set from 0.47 to 7.07 J/cm2. Three relaxation processes namely, a, p, and y have been obtained. X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy have revealed that, the irradiation of Makrofol at the fluence range 0.94–7.07 J/cm2 causes crosslinking formation inside the sample. The attained results suggested strongly the applicability of Makrofol-DE in IR laser pulses sensors.
{"title":"New techniques for IR laser sensors","authors":"T. Hanafy","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876977","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of IR laser pulses fluencies on the dielectric properties, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), for Makrofol-DE 1–1 CC polycarbonate has been investigated in the temperature and frequency ranges of 300–375K and 10kHz–4MHz, respectively. IR laser fluencies are set from 0.47 to 7.07 J/cm2. Three relaxation processes namely, a, p, and y have been obtained. X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy have revealed that, the irradiation of Makrofol at the fluence range 0.94–7.07 J/cm2 causes crosslinking formation inside the sample. The attained results suggested strongly the applicability of Makrofol-DE in IR laser pulses sensors.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116486940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876908
W. D. du Plessis, P. Potgieter, M. Gouws, E. Malan
The agile bandwidths of modern radars mean that Electronic Support (ES) receivers require wide instantaneous bandwidths leading to high data rates. Compressive sensing is shown to be a promising technique for reducing data rates for a number of representative radar waveforms. Real-time hardware implementation of compressive sensing is shown to be achievable with modern signal-processing technologies. Compressive sensing thus holds tremendous potential for use in ES systems.
{"title":"Initial results for compressive sensing in Electronic Support receiver systems","authors":"W. D. du Plessis, P. Potgieter, M. Gouws, E. Malan","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876908","url":null,"abstract":"The agile bandwidths of modern radars mean that Electronic Support (ES) receivers require wide instantaneous bandwidths leading to high data rates. Compressive sensing is shown to be a promising technique for reducing data rates for a number of representative radar waveforms. Real-time hardware implementation of compressive sensing is shown to be achievable with modern signal-processing technologies. Compressive sensing thus holds tremendous potential for use in ES systems.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129951873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876689
R. Wille
After decades of continuous improvements and shrinking feature sizes, the development of conventional computing technologies faces enormous challenges. In particular, power dissipation in today's computer chips becomes crucial. Reversible computation is a promising alternative to these technologies, where power dissipation can be reduced or even eliminated. Furthermore, reversible logic builds the basis for quantum computation — a completely new way of processing which enables to solve certain problems exponentially faster compared to conventional methods. However, the design of reversible and quantum circuits is significantly different. Thus, new methods e.g. for synthesis, optimization, or verification are needed. This paper provides a brief introduction into reversible circuits and their respective design methods that have been proposed within the last years.
{"title":"An introduction to reversible circuit design","authors":"R. Wille","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876689","url":null,"abstract":"After decades of continuous improvements and shrinking feature sizes, the development of conventional computing technologies faces enormous challenges. In particular, power dissipation in today's computer chips becomes crucial. Reversible computation is a promising alternative to these technologies, where power dissipation can be reduced or even eliminated. Furthermore, reversible logic builds the basis for quantum computation — a completely new way of processing which enables to solve certain problems exponentially faster compared to conventional methods. However, the design of reversible and quantum circuits is significantly different. Thus, new methods e.g. for synthesis, optimization, or verification are needed. This paper provides a brief introduction into reversible circuits and their respective design methods that have been proposed within the last years.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131081109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876992
C. Willers, J. Roodt
This paper describes the application of simulation in the development of aircraft self-protection countermeasures against infrared missiles. The integrated approach followed here consists of repeated cycles of materiel1 characterisation, analysis and modelling, design synthesis, solution implementation and deployment. Results from the activities in this workflow are used to support the estimation of confidence in the simulation tools. The well known Qualification, Verification and Validation (QVV) model is extended by adding the notion of quality of scenario information to the physical characterisation, the conceptual modelling and the computer modelling of system elements. It is shown that a simulation with high confidence requires extensive validation testing. Some measure of confidence can be achieved by ensuring that the conceptual and computer models support extrapolation between fewer validated ‘islands’. To express simulation confidence, a ‘potential field’ is proposed; the value of this potential is determined by the degree to which the QVV requirements are met. The results from an infrared simulation model is used to demonstrate this principle.
{"title":"Confidence estimation in the application of simulation in the development of aircraft self-protection measures","authors":"C. Willers, J. Roodt","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876992","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the application of simulation in the development of aircraft self-protection countermeasures against infrared missiles. The integrated approach followed here consists of repeated cycles of materiel1 characterisation, analysis and modelling, design synthesis, solution implementation and deployment. Results from the activities in this workflow are used to support the estimation of confidence in the simulation tools. The well known Qualification, Verification and Validation (QVV) model is extended by adding the notion of quality of scenario information to the physical characterisation, the conceptual modelling and the computer modelling of system elements. It is shown that a simulation with high confidence requires extensive validation testing. Some measure of confidence can be achieved by ensuring that the conceptual and computer models support extrapolation between fewer validated ‘islands’. To express simulation confidence, a ‘potential field’ is proposed; the value of this potential is determined by the degree to which the QVV requirements are met. The results from an infrared simulation model is used to demonstrate this principle.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133993528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876931
M. Bouzid, Hichem Benkherouf, Khaled Benzadi
Speech coders operating at low bit rates necessitate efficient encoding of the linear predictive coding (LPC) coefficients. In this paper, we propose a stochastic joint source-channel scheme developed for efficient and robust encoding of LPC coefficients in terms of LSF parameters. The encoding system, named LSF-SSCOVQ-RC, is an LSF encoding scheme based on a reduced complexity stochastic split vector quantizer optimized for noisy channel. For transmissions over noisy channel, we will show first that our LSF-SSCOVQ-RC encoder outperforms the conventional LSF encoder designed by the split vector quantizer (SVQ). After that, we applied the LSF-SSCOVQ-RC encoder (with weighted distance) for the robust encoding of LSF parameters of the MELP speech coder operating over a noisy channel. The simulation results will show that the proposed LSF encoder, incorporated in the MELP, ensure better performances than the original MELP MSVQ of 25 bits/frame; especially when the channel is highly disturbed.
{"title":"Stochastic joint source-channel coding for low bit rate robust speech coding","authors":"M. Bouzid, Hichem Benkherouf, Khaled Benzadi","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876931","url":null,"abstract":"Speech coders operating at low bit rates necessitate efficient encoding of the linear predictive coding (LPC) coefficients. In this paper, we propose a stochastic joint source-channel scheme developed for efficient and robust encoding of LPC coefficients in terms of LSF parameters. The encoding system, named LSF-SSCOVQ-RC, is an LSF encoding scheme based on a reduced complexity stochastic split vector quantizer optimized for noisy channel. For transmissions over noisy channel, we will show first that our LSF-SSCOVQ-RC encoder outperforms the conventional LSF encoder designed by the split vector quantizer (SVQ). After that, we applied the LSF-SSCOVQ-RC encoder (with weighted distance) for the robust encoding of LSF parameters of the MELP speech coder operating over a noisy channel. The simulation results will show that the proposed LSF encoder, incorporated in the MELP, ensure better performances than the original MELP MSVQ of 25 bits/frame; especially when the channel is highly disturbed.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116443236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876969
M. Gondal, M. A. Dastageer, A. Khalil
Nano NiO photo catalyst was synthesized by sol gel method and it is used as a photo catalyst in conjunction with 355 nm laser radiation in the process of disinfecting water infected with Escherichia coli microorganism. When synthesized nano-NiO material is used as a photo catalyst, a bacteria decay rate constant of 0.35 min-1 and this rate constant is higher than the bacteria decay rate constant of 0.24 minutes−1 for TiO2 as a photo catalyst under same catalytic concentration and laser pulse energy. From the TEM study, a grain size as low as 20–40 nm was observed and the absorption study showed a band gap of 3.85 eV. The dependence of depletion rate of bacterial count in the infected water on the nano-NiO concentration and the irradiating laser pulse energy were carried out.
{"title":"Nano-NiO as a photocatalyst in antimicrobial activity of infected water using laser induced photo-catalysis","authors":"M. Gondal, M. A. Dastageer, A. Khalil","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876969","url":null,"abstract":"Nano NiO photo catalyst was synthesized by sol gel method and it is used as a photo catalyst in conjunction with 355 nm laser radiation in the process of disinfecting water infected with Escherichia coli microorganism. When synthesized nano-NiO material is used as a photo catalyst, a bacteria decay rate constant of 0.35 min-1 and this rate constant is higher than the bacteria decay rate constant of 0.24 minutes−1 for TiO2 as a photo catalyst under same catalytic concentration and laser pulse energy. From the TEM study, a grain size as low as 20–40 nm was observed and the absorption study showed a band gap of 3.85 eV. The dependence of depletion rate of bacterial count in the infected water on the nano-NiO concentration and the irradiating laser pulse energy were carried out.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131875199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876948
M. A. Qureshi, Abdul Aziz, M. A. Saeed, M. Hayat, Jam Shahid Rasool
This paper is aimed to help Disabled Persons to do their daily routine work without seeking assistance from others. It works in the domain of Humans Computer Interaction (HCI) and image processing, which are key areas of research in computer history. System developers have used different ways to interact with the computer. Hand gestures are very popular because there are number of different gestures that can be use to achieve different tasks and can also be use to communicate with computer systems. Detection of a hand gesture in a real time environment is a critical task where time and memory are important issues. The systems consists of two parts one is the detection of the performed gesture from the live feed, while the other is taking decision on the basis of detected gestures with the help of control hardware. Solution suggested by us has the ability to detect large number of gestures; it is also very intelligent and can be made to learn gestures at run time for user support.
{"title":"Implementation of an efficient algorithm for Human hand gesture identification","authors":"M. A. Qureshi, Abdul Aziz, M. A. Saeed, M. Hayat, Jam Shahid Rasool","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876948","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is aimed to help Disabled Persons to do their daily routine work without seeking assistance from others. It works in the domain of Humans Computer Interaction (HCI) and image processing, which are key areas of research in computer history. System developers have used different ways to interact with the computer. Hand gestures are very popular because there are number of different gestures that can be use to achieve different tasks and can also be use to communicate with computer systems. Detection of a hand gesture in a real time environment is a critical task where time and memory are important issues. The systems consists of two parts one is the detection of the performed gesture from the live feed, while the other is taking decision on the basis of detected gestures with the help of control hardware. Solution suggested by us has the ability to detect large number of gestures; it is also very intelligent and can be made to learn gestures at run time for user support.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"315 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131962620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876926
Bassem K. Abd ElRazak, M. Bashir Saleh, Moustafa H. Aly
This paper presents a study of the effectiveness of integrating unequal channel spacing and duobinary modulation format as a good alternative of conventional non-return to zero (NRZ) modulation format to further suppress four-wave mixing (FWM) crosstalk in a four 10-Gbps channels wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system. The study is conducted using VPI Transmission Maker Simulator. The results show that duobinary modulation has a better performance in suppressing FWM than conventional NRZ, and that using unequal spacing with duobinary modulation further improves the suppression of FWM products in WDM systems.
{"title":"Duobinary modulation format and unequal channel spacing integration to suppress four-wave mixing crosstalk in WDM systems","authors":"Bassem K. Abd ElRazak, M. Bashir Saleh, Moustafa H. Aly","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876926","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study of the effectiveness of integrating unequal channel spacing and duobinary modulation format as a good alternative of conventional non-return to zero (NRZ) modulation format to further suppress four-wave mixing (FWM) crosstalk in a four 10-Gbps channels wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system. The study is conducted using VPI Transmission Maker Simulator. The results show that duobinary modulation has a better performance in suppressing FWM than conventional NRZ, and that using unequal spacing with duobinary modulation further improves the suppression of FWM products in WDM systems.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134072928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876899
Z. Chentouf
As the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) becomes more and more the core of the communication networks convergence, there is urgent need to manage the critical problem of SIP service availability under extreme overload. This paper proposes a novel solution to control SIP overload. We demonstrate the efficiency of the approach compared with a well known SIP overload control algorithm. The solution builds on monitoring a set of SIP servers' features and uses Support Vector Machines to classify traffic behavior as problematic or not. The validation of the proposed solution is performed through experiments.
{"title":"SIP overload control using automatic classification","authors":"Z. Chentouf","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876899","url":null,"abstract":"As the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) becomes more and more the core of the communication networks convergence, there is urgent need to manage the critical problem of SIP service availability under extreme overload. This paper proposes a novel solution to control SIP overload. We demonstrate the efficiency of the approach compared with a well known SIP overload control algorithm. The solution builds on monitoring a set of SIP servers' features and uses Support Vector Machines to classify traffic behavior as problematic or not. The validation of the proposed solution is performed through experiments.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124198945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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