Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9969086
Zhenxiao Yin, H. Zhao
This paper provides a preliminary study on applying Neural Network (NN) based proportional and integral (PI) controllers with the positional PI principle. This method is set into the speed loop of a dual-three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), where the vector space decomposition method (VSD) is utilized. The proposed methods are single-layer neural network (SNN), backpropagation neural network (BPNN), and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN). These methods aim to reduce the overshoot of the speed tracking in control problems. By optimizing the current reference output, the copper loss can also be reduced at the same time. Finally, the control performances using traditional PI, SNN-based PI, BPNN-based PI, and RBFNN-based PI are compared by adopting a self-defined scorecard with different evaluation indices.
{"title":"Implementation of Various Neural-Network-Based Adaptive Speed PI Controllers for Dual-Three-Phase PMSM","authors":"Zhenxiao Yin, H. Zhao","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9969086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9969086","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a preliminary study on applying Neural Network (NN) based proportional and integral (PI) controllers with the positional PI principle. This method is set into the speed loop of a dual-three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), where the vector space decomposition method (VSD) is utilized. The proposed methods are single-layer neural network (SNN), backpropagation neural network (BPNN), and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN). These methods aim to reduce the overshoot of the speed tracking in control problems. By optimizing the current reference output, the copper loss can also be reduced at the same time. Finally, the control performances using traditional PI, SNN-based PI, BPNN-based PI, and RBFNN-based PI are compared by adopting a self-defined scorecard with different evaluation indices.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128304423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968664
Motoki Hirose, S. Shimizu, Rikuta Mazaki
In this paper, the authors develop a 2-DOF power assist suit (PAS), namely Tornado. Our developed PAS assists power for twisting motions in addition to lifting and lowering motions in environments of agriculture, fishery, factory, and so on. Tornado PAS not only assists power to some motions but also protects our lower back by limiting high-risk motions which causes lower back injuries. The authors apply a differential gear box mechanism to achieve 2-DOF power assist. The prototype of 2-DOF PAS is implemented by comprising two DC motor, two rotary encoders, two current control motor drivers, 2-channel encoder counter board, 2-channel DIO board, battery, and Raspi4 controller installing Linux OS. Although Tornado PAS assists power according to an external force, our system do not use any force sensor. We apply a disturbance observer (DOB) to estimate such an external force. Thus, Tornado is characterized as follows: (1) a unique mechanism using a differential gear box, (2) not only power assist but also prohibiting dangerous motions by computer control, and (3) force sensorless power, i.e., force, assist. In this paper, the authors model Tornado, and establish equation of motion in order to simulate various types of control methods and observers. We experiment power assist of twisting motions based on some position tracking control. Results this control and values estimated using DOB are discussed and evaluated for effective power assist for twisting motion.
{"title":"Tornado: Power Assist Suit to Assist Twisting Motion of Lower Back","authors":"Motoki Hirose, S. Shimizu, Rikuta Mazaki","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968664","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the authors develop a 2-DOF power assist suit (PAS), namely Tornado. Our developed PAS assists power for twisting motions in addition to lifting and lowering motions in environments of agriculture, fishery, factory, and so on. Tornado PAS not only assists power to some motions but also protects our lower back by limiting high-risk motions which causes lower back injuries. The authors apply a differential gear box mechanism to achieve 2-DOF power assist. The prototype of 2-DOF PAS is implemented by comprising two DC motor, two rotary encoders, two current control motor drivers, 2-channel encoder counter board, 2-channel DIO board, battery, and Raspi4 controller installing Linux OS. Although Tornado PAS assists power according to an external force, our system do not use any force sensor. We apply a disturbance observer (DOB) to estimate such an external force. Thus, Tornado is characterized as follows: (1) a unique mechanism using a differential gear box, (2) not only power assist but also prohibiting dangerous motions by computer control, and (3) force sensorless power, i.e., force, assist. In this paper, the authors model Tornado, and establish equation of motion in order to simulate various types of control methods and observers. We experiment power assist of twisting motions based on some position tracking control. Results this control and values estimated using DOB are discussed and evaluated for effective power assist for twisting motion.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128307402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968876
R. Hribar, G. Petelin, M. Antoniou, Anton Biasizzo, S. Ciglaric, Gregor Papa
Setting up a reliable electric propulsion system in the automotive domain calls for a smart condition monitoring device that is able to reliably assess the state and the health of the electric motor. To allow massive integration of such monitoring devices, it is required of them to be low-cost and miniature. Those requirements pose limitations on their accuracy, however, we show in this paper that those limitations can be significantly reduced by suitably processing the sensor data. We used machine learning models (random forest and XGBoost) to transform very noisy measurements of motor winding insulation resistance measured by a low-cost device to the much more reliable value with which we are able to compete with measurements made by the state-of-the-art high-priced measuring system. The proposed methodology represents a crucial building block in future smart condition monitoring system and enables low-cost and accurate assessment of electric motor health connected to the state of its winding insulation.
{"title":"On Suitability of the Customized Measuring Device for Electric Motor","authors":"R. Hribar, G. Petelin, M. Antoniou, Anton Biasizzo, S. Ciglaric, Gregor Papa","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968876","url":null,"abstract":"Setting up a reliable electric propulsion system in the automotive domain calls for a smart condition monitoring device that is able to reliably assess the state and the health of the electric motor. To allow massive integration of such monitoring devices, it is required of them to be low-cost and miniature. Those requirements pose limitations on their accuracy, however, we show in this paper that those limitations can be significantly reduced by suitably processing the sensor data. We used machine learning models (random forest and XGBoost) to transform very noisy measurements of motor winding insulation resistance measured by a low-cost device to the much more reliable value with which we are able to compete with measurements made by the state-of-the-art high-priced measuring system. The proposed methodology represents a crucial building block in future smart condition monitoring system and enables low-cost and accurate assessment of electric motor health connected to the state of its winding insulation.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128395154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968611
Shunyuan Xiao, Xiaohua Ge, Qing‐Long Han, Z. Cao
This paper is concerned with the secure event-triggered distributed cooperative longitudinal control problem of virtually coupled high-speed trains (VCHSTs) subject to DoS attacks. First, a DoS-aware dynamic event-triggered transmission mechanism (DETM) is proposed to reduce the frequency of train data transmissions over train-to-train (T2T) information flow channels. Via actively prolonging the inter-event times, the resilience of the developed DETM to DoS attacks can be greatly improved. Second, based on the intermittently arrived T2T data, a distributed event-based secure cooperative control protocol is proposed for each train in the convoy. Third, a sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the asymptotic stability of the train tracking error system under the prescribed H∞ performance. Furthermore, a co-design method for solving out the desired train controllers and the triggering conditions is developed. Finally, the efficacy of the derived theoretical results is verified through a case study of a realistic railway line.
{"title":"Secure Event-Triggered Distributed Cooperative Control of High-Speed Trains Under DoS Attacks","authors":"Shunyuan Xiao, Xiaohua Ge, Qing‐Long Han, Z. Cao","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968611","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the secure event-triggered distributed cooperative longitudinal control problem of virtually coupled high-speed trains (VCHSTs) subject to DoS attacks. First, a DoS-aware dynamic event-triggered transmission mechanism (DETM) is proposed to reduce the frequency of train data transmissions over train-to-train (T2T) information flow channels. Via actively prolonging the inter-event times, the resilience of the developed DETM to DoS attacks can be greatly improved. Second, based on the intermittently arrived T2T data, a distributed event-based secure cooperative control protocol is proposed for each train in the convoy. Third, a sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the asymptotic stability of the train tracking error system under the prescribed H∞ performance. Furthermore, a co-design method for solving out the desired train controllers and the triggering conditions is developed. Finally, the efficacy of the derived theoretical results is verified through a case study of a realistic railway line.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128778734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968943
Pengfei Wang, Tianzhi Fang, Husheng Qian
The multi-module input-parallel output-series (IPOS) connected inverter system, which is composed of standard modules parallel in the input side and series in the output side, have many advantages in high voltage applications. For example, in the renewable energy power generation fed to the grid, the IPOS inverter system can reduce the transformation ratio of the transformer between the inverter and grid, thus the transformer can be smaller and lighter. In order to get the high quality of grid current, the LCL filter is adopted in the output side of standard modules. Multiple objectives such as unity power factor, damping the resonant spike of LCL filter and output voltage sharing within standard modules, need to be achieved for this LCL-type IPOS grid-connected inverter system. This paper proposes a single-current feedback scheme which only samples the inverter-side current of one module to reach these goals simultaneously. It greatly simplifies the control structure and cuts down the cost sharply. In the end, the experimental results of the prototype consisting of two modules are shown to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
{"title":"Single-Current Feedback Control Strategy for Input-Parallel Output-Series LCL-Type Grid-Connected Inverter System","authors":"Pengfei Wang, Tianzhi Fang, Husheng Qian","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968943","url":null,"abstract":"The multi-module input-parallel output-series (IPOS) connected inverter system, which is composed of standard modules parallel in the input side and series in the output side, have many advantages in high voltage applications. For example, in the renewable energy power generation fed to the grid, the IPOS inverter system can reduce the transformation ratio of the transformer between the inverter and grid, thus the transformer can be smaller and lighter. In order to get the high quality of grid current, the LCL filter is adopted in the output side of standard modules. Multiple objectives such as unity power factor, damping the resonant spike of LCL filter and output voltage sharing within standard modules, need to be achieved for this LCL-type IPOS grid-connected inverter system. This paper proposes a single-current feedback scheme which only samples the inverter-side current of one module to reach these goals simultaneously. It greatly simplifies the control structure and cuts down the cost sharply. In the end, the experimental results of the prototype consisting of two modules are shown to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128363151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968561
Qian-Rong Hong, Wai-Kit Sou, Pak-Ian Chan, Cheng Gong, C. Lam
Compared with traditional active power filter (APF), the dc-link voltage of LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (LC-HAPF) is lower, thus reducing the system cost and power loss. In order to improve the compensation performance of the LC-HAPF, many current controllers have been proposed in recent decade, which are hysteresis current control (HCC), quasi-proportional-resonant control (QPRC), deadbeat current control (DBCC), second-order sliding-mode control (SOSMC), vector proportional-integral current control (VPIC) and improved model predictive control (IMPC). In this paper, the model of these six controllers will be first reviewed and introduced. After that, their corresponding parameters design methodology are given. Finally, simulation results will be given to compare their compensation performance and summarize their characteristics.
{"title":"Review of Different Current Control Strategies for LC-coupling Hybrid Active Power Filter","authors":"Qian-Rong Hong, Wai-Kit Sou, Pak-Ian Chan, Cheng Gong, C. Lam","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968561","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with traditional active power filter (APF), the dc-link voltage of LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (LC-HAPF) is lower, thus reducing the system cost and power loss. In order to improve the compensation performance of the LC-HAPF, many current controllers have been proposed in recent decade, which are hysteresis current control (HCC), quasi-proportional-resonant control (QPRC), deadbeat current control (DBCC), second-order sliding-mode control (SOSMC), vector proportional-integral current control (VPIC) and improved model predictive control (IMPC). In this paper, the model of these six controllers will be first reviewed and introduced. After that, their corresponding parameters design methodology are given. Finally, simulation results will be given to compare their compensation performance and summarize their characteristics.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129841868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9969112
M. Soltani, Tarek Ibrahim, Ana-Irina Stroe, D. Stroe
The penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) has caused some challenges for grid operation, including frequency variation, low power quality, and reliability issues. These challenges can be mitigated with the help of battery energy storage systems (BESS) which are characterized by long lifetime and high-power capability. Among the different types of high-power storage devices, lithium titanate oxide (LTO) batteries and lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) cells attract more attention. The performance behavior, the total cost of the battery system, and the system’s size are some other criteria for cell selection. This research compares the performance behavior of an LTO battery type for this application with two LIC type storage system at positive and negative temperatures and also considers the system size, cost, and lifetime of the BESS. The result proves that LICs are better candidates for low and high temperature applications in terms of energy efficiency and capacity drop. However, in terms of cost and size, the high-energy LTO cells are a better selection.
{"title":"Comparison of high-power energy storage devices for frequency regulation application (Performance, cost, size, and lifetime)","authors":"M. Soltani, Tarek Ibrahim, Ana-Irina Stroe, D. Stroe","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9969112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9969112","url":null,"abstract":"The penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) has caused some challenges for grid operation, including frequency variation, low power quality, and reliability issues. These challenges can be mitigated with the help of battery energy storage systems (BESS) which are characterized by long lifetime and high-power capability. Among the different types of high-power storage devices, lithium titanate oxide (LTO) batteries and lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) cells attract more attention. The performance behavior, the total cost of the battery system, and the system’s size are some other criteria for cell selection. This research compares the performance behavior of an LTO battery type for this application with two LIC type storage system at positive and negative temperatures and also considers the system size, cost, and lifetime of the BESS. The result proves that LICs are better candidates for low and high temperature applications in terms of energy efficiency and capacity drop. However, in terms of cost and size, the high-energy LTO cells are a better selection.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129898705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968961
Junaid Ahmed Memon, Abdul Rehman, Ahsan Ali, Sarwan Shah, H. Khan
Mismanagement of water resources is one of the most pressing issues in developing countries like Pakistan. With the burgeoning population growth and migration to urban spaces for economic opportunities, freshwater resources are becoming highly stressed and polluted. In this paper, we present the design of a cost effective low power flowmeter with embedded intelligence and remote telemetry for urban residential water metering applications. The study provides fundamental architecture of water metering IoT node and necessary details of implementation. Results of the study are presented in terms of power consumption, accuracy and reliability of device in lab and in field setting. The proposed system could assist developing cities in estimating realistic water demand and creating sustainable socio-political urban water policies at the decision-making level.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of Smart Flowmeter for Urban Water Metering","authors":"Junaid Ahmed Memon, Abdul Rehman, Ahsan Ali, Sarwan Shah, H. Khan","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968961","url":null,"abstract":"Mismanagement of water resources is one of the most pressing issues in developing countries like Pakistan. With the burgeoning population growth and migration to urban spaces for economic opportunities, freshwater resources are becoming highly stressed and polluted. In this paper, we present the design of a cost effective low power flowmeter with embedded intelligence and remote telemetry for urban residential water metering applications. The study provides fundamental architecture of water metering IoT node and necessary details of implementation. Results of the study are presented in terms of power consumption, accuracy and reliability of device in lab and in field setting. The proposed system could assist developing cities in estimating realistic water demand and creating sustainable socio-political urban water policies at the decision-making level.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126786319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968468
M. Wiboonrat
The Industrial Control Systems (ICS) consists of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), safety instrumented systems (SIS), and other control system configurations such as programmable logic controllers (PLC). These systems are vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Security against cyber-attacks is becoming more crucial for the ICS industries. The cyber-attacks could be carried out simultaneously at many SCADA, DCS, and SIS systems. The researcher deployed NIST.SP.800-61r2, NIST.SP.800-82r2, IEC 62443 series, and Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) as a guide to implementing cybersecurity approaches to protect them from these threats. The ten industrial plants used cases such as chemical processing, power generation, oil and gas processing, and petroleum processing have been investigated subject to the four main types of vulnerability in cyber security; network; operating system; human; and process vulnerabilities. This research approach is intended to lead to innovative, game-changing capabilities for an incident response plan (IRP) according to cybersecurity Spectrum Security SL2 and SL4 models for the critical ICS.
{"title":"Cybersecurity in Industrial Control Systems: An integration of information technology and operational technology","authors":"M. Wiboonrat","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968468","url":null,"abstract":"The Industrial Control Systems (ICS) consists of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), safety instrumented systems (SIS), and other control system configurations such as programmable logic controllers (PLC). These systems are vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Security against cyber-attacks is becoming more crucial for the ICS industries. The cyber-attacks could be carried out simultaneously at many SCADA, DCS, and SIS systems. The researcher deployed NIST.SP.800-61r2, NIST.SP.800-82r2, IEC 62443 series, and Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) as a guide to implementing cybersecurity approaches to protect them from these threats. The ten industrial plants used cases such as chemical processing, power generation, oil and gas processing, and petroleum processing have been investigated subject to the four main types of vulnerability in cyber security; network; operating system; human; and process vulnerabilities. This research approach is intended to lead to innovative, game-changing capabilities for an incident response plan (IRP) according to cybersecurity Spectrum Security SL2 and SL4 models for the critical ICS.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130654262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968469
S. Meher, R. Singh, V. Lal
Many modern appliances including Electric Vehicles use two batteries at two different voltages. Charging one battery from the other requires bidirectional DC-DC converter that charges the battery with lower state of charge. In addition to the converter, a charging algorithm is required for the optimal charge of the battery. There are three-existing optimal battery charging techniques; 1) constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging, 2) pulse charging, and 3) reflex charging. However, these charging techniques require different control circuits for their implementation. Moreover, in the conventional chargers, the changeover from CC to CV is unsmooth as the circuit does not remain in the feedback control during the transition. To address the above issues, a fourth-order minimum-phase bidirectional DC-DC converter (BDC) with an adaptable feedback clamped modulator is proposed in this paper. The proposed charger is capable of adapting to all the three-existing charging techniques by controlling the clamping voltage. The steady-state behavior of the BDC is verified through a 250 W prototype. Also, the performance of the charger using CC-CV charging is experimentally verified using a 6 V- 4.5 Ah lead-acid battery.
{"title":"An Adaptable Feedback Clamped Optimal Battery Charger Using Fourth-Order Minimum-Phase Bidirectional DC-DC Converter","authors":"S. Meher, R. Singh, V. Lal","doi":"10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON49645.2022.9968469","url":null,"abstract":"Many modern appliances including Electric Vehicles use two batteries at two different voltages. Charging one battery from the other requires bidirectional DC-DC converter that charges the battery with lower state of charge. In addition to the converter, a charging algorithm is required for the optimal charge of the battery. There are three-existing optimal battery charging techniques; 1) constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging, 2) pulse charging, and 3) reflex charging. However, these charging techniques require different control circuits for their implementation. Moreover, in the conventional chargers, the changeover from CC to CV is unsmooth as the circuit does not remain in the feedback control during the transition. To address the above issues, a fourth-order minimum-phase bidirectional DC-DC converter (BDC) with an adaptable feedback clamped modulator is proposed in this paper. The proposed charger is capable of adapting to all the three-existing charging techniques by controlling the clamping voltage. The steady-state behavior of the BDC is verified through a 250 W prototype. Also, the performance of the charger using CC-CV charging is experimentally verified using a 6 V- 4.5 Ah lead-acid battery.","PeriodicalId":125740,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2022 – 48th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123959542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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