Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.317
Aisha Haleem
Prostitutes encountered and continue to experience a great deal of trauma related to their existence and profession—which is not even considered or recognised by society, especially in South Asian countries, even after the legalisation of prostitution—sex workers have no respect and place in society, and hardly any writer or radical thinkers have written about them. In the late 1990s, major figures in the movement for sex workers' rights openly questioned the queer theorists' silence on the matter of prostitution and sex work. Not much has been done to emphasise the expressly queer side of sex work, despite efforts made by sex workers to "come out of the closet" and engage with the larger queer theoretical community. The absence of any discussion of how sex functions in queer theory refutes the logical inference suggesting that it has no relevance to this area of research. Prostitution can also be referred to as queer profession because their lives are full of traumatic experiences. Only a small number of authors from South Asian nations have written or spoken about prostitution. Among them are Sadat Hasan Manto and Kamala Surayya Das, whose short stories “Insult” (Hatak), “The Hundred Candle Power Bulb”, “A Doll for a Child Prostitute,” and “Padmavati The Harlot” accurately, surreally, and impartially depict the life, surroundings, and struggle of sex workers. The most extended and most in-depth story in her collection of short stories, "A Doll for the Kid Prostitute," features an inspector sahib who has had enough of women and demands a fresh child recruit, Rukmani. The inspector pulled her dress and transformed her into a prostitute without even considering her age; the sentence, which solely described the inspector's conduct, was harsh. This made their first encounter painful. With this awful first encounter, Das creates a world of unrestrained carnality in which innocence must perish. The short novella emphasises the issue of prostitution and how it affects women. The stories of individuals like Sita, Meera, Laxmibai, her son, Saraswati, Krishna, etc. are very well portrayed, and they are all intriguing. Das regularly uses the dramatic approach and writes realistic stories. She expresses herself artistically primarily through discourse. Manto’s story "A Hundred Candle-Power Bulb" demonstrates how prostitution and division coexist because pimps are prepared to exchange their most important resource: prostitutes, even in the midst of riots between various ethnic groups.
妓女遇到并继续经历着与她们的存在和职业有关的巨大创伤，甚至没有被社会考虑或承认，特别是在南亚国家，甚至在卖淫合法化之后，性工作者在社会中没有受到尊重和地位，几乎没有作家或激进思想家写过关于她们的文章。在20世纪90年代末，性工作者权利运动的主要人物公开质疑酷儿理论家在卖淫和性工作问题上的沉默。尽管性工作者努力“出柜”并与更大的酷儿理论群体接触，但在强调性工作中明确的酷儿一面方面做得并不多。关于性在酷儿理论中如何发挥作用的讨论的缺失驳斥了认为它与这一研究领域无关的逻辑推论。卖淫也可以被称为酷儿职业，因为她们的生活充满了创伤经历。只有少数来自南亚国家的作家写过或谈论过卖淫。其中有萨达特·哈桑·曼托和卡玛拉·苏拉亚·达斯，他们的短篇小说《侮辱》(哈塔克)、《一百个蜡烛灯泡》、《雏妓的娃娃》和《妓女帕德玛瓦蒂》准确、超现实、公正地描绘了性工作者的生活、环境和斗争。在她的短篇小说集里，最广泛、最深入的故事是《妓女娃娃》(A Doll for The child妓女)，讲述的是一个受够了女人的督察长，他需要一个新的童兵——鲁克马尼。巡查员扯下她的衣服，把她变成了一个妓女，甚至没有考虑她的年龄;这句话只描述了检查员的行为，很严厉。这使得他们的第一次相遇很痛苦。通过这可怕的第一次相遇，达斯创造了一个无拘无束的肉欲世界，在这个世界里，纯真必须毁灭。这部短篇小说强调了卖淫问题及其对妇女的影响。像Sita, Meera, Laxmibai，她的儿子Saraswati, Krishna等人的故事都刻画得很好，而且都很有趣。达斯经常使用戏剧性的方法，写现实主义的故事。她主要通过话语艺术地表达自己。曼托的故事《一百个蜡烛灯泡》展示了卖淫和分裂是如何共存的，因为皮条客们准备交换他们最重要的资源:妓女，即使是在不同种族之间的骚乱中。
{"title":"Trauma in Prostitution: An Analysis of Select Short Stories of Sadat Hasan Manto and Kamala Surayya Das","authors":"Aisha Haleem","doi":"10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.317","url":null,"abstract":"Prostitutes encountered and continue to experience a great deal of trauma related to their existence and profession—which is not even considered or recognised by society, especially in South Asian countries, even after the legalisation of prostitution—sex workers have no respect and place in society, and hardly any writer or radical thinkers have written about them. In the late 1990s, major figures in the movement for sex workers' rights openly questioned the queer theorists' silence on the matter of prostitution and sex work. Not much has been done to emphasise the expressly queer side of sex work, despite efforts made by sex workers to \"come out of the closet\" and engage with the larger queer theoretical community. The absence of any discussion of how sex functions in queer theory refutes the logical inference suggesting that it has no relevance to this area of research. Prostitution can also be referred to as queer profession because their lives are full of traumatic experiences. Only a small number of authors from South Asian nations have written or spoken about prostitution. Among them are Sadat Hasan Manto and Kamala Surayya Das, whose short stories “Insult” (Hatak), “The Hundred Candle Power Bulb”, “A Doll for a Child Prostitute,” and “Padmavati The Harlot” accurately, surreally, and impartially depict the life, surroundings, and struggle of sex workers. The most extended and most in-depth story in her collection of short stories, \"A Doll for the Kid Prostitute,\" features an inspector sahib who has had enough of women and demands a fresh child recruit, Rukmani. The inspector pulled her dress and transformed her into a prostitute without even considering her age; the sentence, which solely described the inspector's conduct, was harsh. This made their first encounter painful. With this awful first encounter, Das creates a world of unrestrained carnality in which innocence must perish. The short novella emphasises the issue of prostitution and how it affects women. The stories of individuals like Sita, Meera, Laxmibai, her son, Saraswati, Krishna, etc. are very well portrayed, and they are all intriguing. Das regularly uses the dramatic approach and writes realistic stories. She expresses herself artistically primarily through discourse. Manto’s story \"A Hundred Candle-Power Bulb\" demonstrates how prostitution and division coexist because pimps are prepared to exchange their most important resource: prostitutes, even in the midst of riots between various ethnic groups.","PeriodicalId":125811,"journal":{"name":"Creative Saplings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129324319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.316
Savita V. Deogirkar
This paper examines how Vivek Agnihotri’s film The Kashmir Files (2022) participates in recreating trauma, reconstructing memory, and how ‘history gets short-changed in movies’. It showcases the conflict in two narratives; radical Islamic extremists’ Jihad and the traumatic narrative amongst non-violent Kashmiri Hindus, ‘a war of narratives’ (1.22.0). The focal point is the complexities of adapting history to the silver screen, which creates complicated and debatable negotiations between knowing and unknowing, reality and history, and truth and fiction. Traumatic memories of Genocide3 often challenge the rational faculties. The article investigates how the intelligentsia needs to address traumatic narratives as a genre. ‘Traumatic neurosis’4 reflected through ‘ethnic cleansing’ of Kashmiri Pandits5 in The Kashmir Files, offers new assertiveness. The text hits upon the ethical dilemma of how not to betray the past. The ‘not knowing’ or ignoring Traumatic incursion is thus recreated through the film that demands social healing. The paper examines the impact of The Kashmir Files on post Genocide peace and reconciliation.
{"title":"Between Knowing and not knowing: A Study of Trauma, History and ‘Memory’1, and the ‘Crying Wound’2 in The Kashmir Files (2022)","authors":"Savita V. Deogirkar","doi":"10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.316","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how Vivek Agnihotri’s film The Kashmir Files (2022) participates in recreating trauma, reconstructing memory, and how ‘history gets short-changed in movies’. It showcases the conflict in two narratives; radical Islamic extremists’ Jihad and the traumatic narrative amongst non-violent Kashmiri Hindus, ‘a war of narratives’ (1.22.0). The focal point is the complexities of adapting history to the silver screen, which creates complicated and debatable negotiations between knowing and unknowing, reality and history, and truth and fiction. Traumatic memories of Genocide3 often challenge the rational faculties. The article investigates how the intelligentsia needs to address traumatic narratives as a genre. ‘Traumatic neurosis’4 reflected through ‘ethnic cleansing’ of Kashmiri Pandits5 in The Kashmir Files, offers new assertiveness. The text hits upon the ethical dilemma of how not to betray the past. The ‘not knowing’ or ignoring Traumatic incursion is thus recreated through the film that demands social healing. The paper examines the impact of The Kashmir Files on post Genocide peace and reconciliation.","PeriodicalId":125811,"journal":{"name":"Creative Saplings","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124835190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.319
Kokila Sehgal Mathur
Sir Thomas Browne was a physician, a man of science as well as a mystic and antiquarian exploring the mystery of Creation, God and the nature of human life. Religio Medici or the Religion of a Doctor (1635), reveals a symbiotic relationship between his rational and scientific mind and his religious beliefs. His mystic speculations and meditative reveries are triggered by his scientific study of anatomy and investigation of Nature, irradiated by a philosophic imagination and penned with a poetic eloquence and verbal felicity of a unique literary artist. Religio Medici is Browne’s spiritual autobiography, a defence of the dignity of individual beliefs, a diary of his soul, noting his spiritual predilections despite his secular calling as a physician. Written solely for his private understanding and satisfaction, the treatise has no didactic intention and ends with a robust affirmation of faith in God’s almighty power. Browne’s quest for knowledge is multidisciplinary: anatomy, physiology, botany, archaeology, geography, natural history, Holy Scripture, music, languages, the classical and the antiquarian. It is the quest for Truth, Janus-faced, where, as a man of medicine, he studies life and death, but then ‘physick’ leads to knowledge of self and the First Cause or God. For Browne, all the scientific study data are visible symbols of an invisible reality: Nature is, after the Bible, the second book of God, and scientific analysis of this universal and public manuscript, the laws of Nature reveal the infallible wisdom of God. Browne’s apologia for science is that the philosophical imagination can, by inductive reasoning from this empirical data, understand the Maker whom he describes as a pencil that never works in vain. Browne’s empirical studies establish his rational bent of mind and also fortify his mystical predilections. Explaining how man is an amphibian who can live in divided worlds simultaneously, he uses the minutiae of scientific analysis and connects the corporeal and spiritual essences, the body and soul being the colony of God. In the quest for truth man can use his diverse faculties of sense, reason and imagination, can embark, as Browne does, on an adventure in both science and religion. The scientist in him studies and deciphers ‘hieroglyphs’ of Nature, and the mystic in him celebrates this miracle and leads him to unshakable faith in God. Nature is the handiwork of God, the perfect geometrician, and its beauty reveals Him as the supreme artist. The kaleidoscopic perspective of Browne, its metaphysical quality, its inclusive sensibility and a secular approach to diversity resonates with the contemporary mélange of globalization and multiculturalism, desirous of a rational middle ground with which to celebrate the joy and beauty of living.
{"title":"Exploring Antiquity and Modernity in Religio Medici by Sir Thomas Browne","authors":"Kokila Sehgal Mathur","doi":"10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.319","url":null,"abstract":"Sir Thomas Browne was a physician, a man of science as well as a mystic and antiquarian exploring the mystery of Creation, God and the nature of human life. Religio Medici or the Religion of a Doctor (1635), reveals a symbiotic relationship between his rational and scientific mind and his religious beliefs. His mystic speculations and meditative reveries are triggered by his scientific study of anatomy and investigation of Nature, irradiated by a philosophic imagination and penned with a poetic eloquence and verbal felicity of a unique literary artist. Religio Medici is Browne’s spiritual autobiography, a defence of the dignity of individual beliefs, a diary of his soul, noting his spiritual predilections despite his secular calling as a physician. Written solely for his private understanding and satisfaction, the treatise has no didactic intention and ends with a robust affirmation of faith in God’s almighty power. Browne’s quest for knowledge is multidisciplinary: anatomy, physiology, botany, archaeology, geography, natural history, Holy Scripture, music, languages, the classical and the antiquarian. It is the quest for Truth, Janus-faced, where, as a man of medicine, he studies life and death, but then ‘physick’ leads to knowledge of self and the First Cause or God. For Browne, all the scientific study data are visible symbols of an invisible reality: Nature is, after the Bible, the second book of God, and scientific analysis of this universal and public manuscript, the laws of Nature reveal the infallible wisdom of God. Browne’s apologia for science is that the philosophical imagination can, by inductive reasoning from this empirical data, understand the Maker whom he describes as a pencil that never works in vain. Browne’s empirical studies establish his rational bent of mind and also fortify his mystical predilections. Explaining how man is an amphibian who can live in divided worlds simultaneously, he uses the minutiae of scientific analysis and connects the corporeal and spiritual essences, the body and soul being the colony of God. In the quest for truth man can use his diverse faculties of sense, reason and imagination, can embark, as Browne does, on an adventure in both science and religion. The scientist in him studies and deciphers ‘hieroglyphs’ of Nature, and the mystic in him celebrates this miracle and leads him to unshakable faith in God. Nature is the handiwork of God, the perfect geometrician, and its beauty reveals Him as the supreme artist. \u0000The kaleidoscopic perspective of Browne, its metaphysical quality, its inclusive sensibility and a secular approach to diversity resonates with the contemporary mélange of globalization and multiculturalism, desirous of a rational middle ground with which to celebrate the joy and beauty of living.","PeriodicalId":125811,"journal":{"name":"Creative Saplings","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130763976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.318
Kumar Sawan
Throughout the history of literary criticism, there have been constant shifts in levels of analysis of the texts. These levels may be literal, metaphorical, authoritative or superficial. The most primitive of the aesthetic theories, the mimetic theory, considered art as the imitation of the aspects of the universe. Around the sixteenth century, the focus was shifted to what effect art has on its audience, then to the artist in the seventeenth century, and finally to the work of art itself around the twentieth century. The advent of post-structuralism in the 1960s was an attack on structuralism’s constant search for an order, a structure, in novels, music, poetry, or visual texts. It is always assumed that a text yields meaning and significance once we untie its ‘core’ elements. Poststructuralists like Roland Barthes and Jacques Derrida gave way to a new school of thought that believed in the ‘openness’ of texts, the role of text in the production of meaning and its relation to other texts. This paper focuses on the deconstructive turn and its significance in literature. We shall be doing a reading of William Butler Yeats’s “The Second Coming” and try to prove the poem as breaking the Derridean “logos”.
{"title":"Significance of the Deconstructive Turn in Literature: Breaking of Logos in “The Second Coming” by W.B. Yeats","authors":"Kumar Sawan","doi":"10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.318","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the history of literary criticism, there have been constant shifts in levels of analysis of the texts. These levels may be literal, metaphorical, authoritative or superficial. The most primitive of the aesthetic theories, the mimetic theory, considered art as the imitation of the aspects of the universe. Around the sixteenth century, the focus was shifted to what effect art has on its audience, then to the artist in the seventeenth century, and finally to the work of art itself around the twentieth century. The advent of post-structuralism in the 1960s was an attack on structuralism’s constant search for an order, a structure, in novels, music, poetry, or visual texts. It is always assumed that a text yields meaning and significance once we untie its ‘core’ elements. Poststructuralists like Roland Barthes and Jacques Derrida gave way to a new school of thought that believed in the ‘openness’ of texts, the role of text in the production of meaning and its relation to other texts. This paper focuses on the deconstructive turn and its significance in literature. We shall be doing a reading of William Butler Yeats’s “The Second Coming” and try to prove the poem as breaking the Derridean “logos”.","PeriodicalId":125811,"journal":{"name":"Creative Saplings","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123688263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.315
Atisha Srivastava, Shailendra P. Singh
Kamila Shamsie’s novel, Burnt Shadows, is a riveting rendition of lost homelands, resilience, new beginnings, cross-cultural relationships, terrorism, violence, love, and loss. Spanned over a period of fifty-seven years, the geo-political narrative traverses five countries showcasing the entwined lives of the three generations of the Weiss-Burtons and Tanaka-Ashrafs families, covering a vast expanse of history ranging from the Second World War to Guantanamo Bay. It chronicles the horrors of the Nagasaki bombing, the brutalities of the Partition of India and Pakistan, the paranoia around the nuclear race in the sub-continent, the Cold War and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and its response, and the aftermath of 9/11 New York. The novel is a critique of politics, conflicts, and violence. Shamsie critiques the maddening struggle between the power structures and their devastating consequences. The novel also delineates the fundamentalist notion of treating people with different worldviews as a threat. Hiroko Tanaka, the protagonist, is a warrior and a survivor who loses her world twice but rebuilds, only to lose it for the third time with her son’s capture. The proposed paper seeks to expose the chasm that engulfs the contemporary world and trace the losses several characters suffer throughout the novel. It also aims to explore several nations' internal landscapes and the multidimensional consequences of new and emerging conflicts that seamlessly replace the old wars. It also seeks to find possible ways to bridge the chasms.
{"title":"A Charred World: Mapping Chasms and Loss in Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows","authors":"Atisha Srivastava, Shailendra P. Singh","doi":"10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.03.315","url":null,"abstract":"Kamila Shamsie’s novel, Burnt Shadows, is a riveting rendition of lost homelands, resilience, new beginnings, cross-cultural relationships, terrorism, violence, love, and loss. Spanned over a period of fifty-seven years, the geo-political narrative traverses five countries showcasing the entwined lives of the three generations of the Weiss-Burtons and Tanaka-Ashrafs families, covering a vast expanse of history ranging from the Second World War to Guantanamo Bay. It chronicles the horrors of the Nagasaki bombing, the brutalities of the Partition of India and Pakistan, the paranoia around the nuclear race in the sub-continent, the Cold War and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and its response, and the aftermath of 9/11 New York. The novel is a critique of politics, conflicts, and violence. Shamsie critiques the maddening struggle between the power structures and their devastating consequences. The novel also delineates the fundamentalist notion of treating people with different worldviews as a threat. Hiroko Tanaka, the protagonist, is a warrior and a survivor who loses her world twice but rebuilds, only to lose it for the third time with her son’s capture. The proposed paper seeks to expose the chasm that engulfs the contemporary world and trace the losses several characters suffer throughout the novel. It also aims to explore several nations' internal landscapes and the multidimensional consequences of new and emerging conflicts that seamlessly replace the old wars. It also seeks to find possible ways to bridge the chasms.","PeriodicalId":125811,"journal":{"name":"Creative Saplings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122689287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.284
Nitika Gulati
This paper attempts an ecofeminist reading of select short stories from Nandini Sahu’s Shedding the Metaphors (2023). The stories explore the complexities of human emotions, relationships, and experiences and are diverse in their themes of love, loss and self-discovery, where the personal frequently intersects with the political. They contain imagery and symbolism from the natural world to provide the setting and allegorize the distinct experience of being a woman in a patriarchal world and assert the interconnectedness of all beings. Most of the stories have female protagonists whose journey can be traced to draw attention to patriarchy’s exploitation of women as well as nature. In some of them, gender intersects with issues like sexuality and class to demonstrate how systems of oppression mutually reinforce each other. While connecting feminism with ecology, ecofeminism contends that women's oppression and ecological degradation are outcomes of patriarchy and capitalism. However, ecofeminism is not restricted to connections between nature and women, but it is about the relationality and interconnectedness of all beings, hence arguing against all systems of domination. human beings. This paper will attempt an ecofeminist reading of select short stories from Sahu’s collection. Close textual analysis will expose the underlying oppression of women and the environment and how they are intertwined. Such a reading will be geared towards making a call for dismantling all hierarchies and fostering universal sympathy for all beings, human or non-human.
{"title":"“Can a wild stream and a girl be one and the same?”: An Ecofeminist Reading of Select Short Stories from Nandini Sahu’s Shedding the Metaphors","authors":"Nitika Gulati","doi":"10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.284","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts an ecofeminist reading of select short stories from Nandini Sahu’s Shedding the Metaphors (2023). The stories explore the complexities of human emotions, relationships, and experiences and are diverse in their themes of love, loss and self-discovery, where the personal frequently intersects with the political. They contain imagery and symbolism from the natural world to provide the setting and allegorize the distinct experience of being a woman in a patriarchal world and assert the interconnectedness of all beings. Most of the stories have female protagonists whose journey can be traced to draw attention to patriarchy’s exploitation of women as well as nature. In some of them, gender intersects with issues like sexuality and class to demonstrate how systems of oppression mutually reinforce each other. While connecting feminism with ecology, ecofeminism contends that women's oppression and ecological degradation are outcomes of patriarchy and capitalism. However, ecofeminism is not restricted to connections between nature and women, but it is about the relationality and interconnectedness of all beings, hence arguing against all systems of domination. human beings. This paper will attempt an ecofeminist reading of select short stories from Sahu’s collection. Close textual analysis will expose the underlying oppression of women and the environment and how they are intertwined. Such a reading will be geared towards making a call for dismantling all hierarchies and fostering universal sympathy for all beings, human or non-human.","PeriodicalId":125811,"journal":{"name":"Creative Saplings","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114959716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.285
Sameerah Fathima
Abu Dhabi-based writer Unnikrishnan, originally from Kerala, explores the precarity and transience of migrant groups in his Gulf immigrant tales. Research was done to determine the issues that Indian migrant workers encounter in the Gulf states. In 2015, the UAE surpassed Saudi Arabia as India's most important Gulf destination market. C. (Chanda & Gupta) Although laws and programs have prioritized and safeguarded the well-being of Indian migrants, they are not limited to this group and are available to Gulf migrants as well. The sponsorship system, also known as Nizam al Kafala, governs and keeps tabs on the dynamic between migrants and their employers. The kafeel, or sponsor, is legally responsible for the worker in this kind of international contract migration. Humanitarian concerns inspired an initial trial of the system, which had a tight coupling of the work permit and the resident permit. The Kafala has eased several restrictions on foreign employees, including the need that they get exit visas from the Kafeel. The stories and experiences of Gulf Malayalee migrants were the focus of ethnographic and literary research into the lives of Arab Gulf migrants. However, the use of fiction to better comprehend migrant experiences is a relatively uncharted territory in the field of migration studies. This essay uses Deepak Unnikrishnan's Temporary People to examine the plight of emigrant Gulf Malayalees.
来自喀拉拉邦的作家Unnikrishnan在他的海湾移民故事中探索了移民群体的不稳定性和短暂性。研究是为了确定印度移民工人在海湾国家遇到的问题。2015年，阿联酋超过沙特阿拉伯，成为印度最重要的海湾目的地市场。尽管法律和项目优先考虑并保障了印度移民的福祉，但它们并不局限于这个群体，也适用于海湾移民。赞助制度，也被称为Nizam al Kafala，管理并密切关注移民与其雇主之间的动态。在这种国际合同移民中，雇主或担保人对工人负有法律责任。出于人道主义考虑，对该系统进行了初步试验，该系统将工作许可和居住许可紧密结合在一起。卡法拉已经放松了对外国雇员的几项限制，包括他们需要从卡法拉获得出境签证。马来亚海湾移民的故事和经历是研究阿拉伯海湾移民生活的民族志和文学研究的焦点。然而，利用小说来更好地理解移民经历在移民研究领域是一个相对未知的领域。本文使用迪帕克·乌尼克里希南的《临时人民》来审视海湾马来亚移民的困境。
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Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.287
Firoja Parvin
Ranu Uniyal, one of the important personalities of confessional mode, is always under review for her obsessive openness and pervasiveness, but she reaches her destination by displaying the sterling image of patriarchy. Uniyal’s poems not only present the everyday lived reality of ordinary women but also the strong independent women having power and who must outbrave the societal regulations and norms to assert their identity as human beings full of love and affection. Ranu Uniyal’s poems incorporate the strong experience both as a mother and as the daughter of powerful mothers whose personalities shape their identity as women. Among the modern Indian poets who are writing in English today, she has been ranked with such poetesses of dissatisfaction and discontent as Kamala Das. By engaging with the everyday life of her mother and her motherhood, the poet tries to understand the reality of universal motherhood in a poetic way. The studies of Ranu Uniyal’s poems add a new dimension to Indian poetry in English through the subtle and honest probing of man-woman relationships. She does not debunk the whole ideology of motherhood in her writing. Instead, her critical understanding of motherhood paves the path for women’s agency, autonomy, and identity regarding motherhood.
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Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.283
Moumita Sarkar
Draupadi, the co-wife of the Pandava brothers, is an important character in the epic. She is known to have been the quintessence of beauty and femininity. Her life has largely been a plausible canvass of determination and a majestic display of integrity. She is often regarded as the first feminist voice who had raised concerns about women’s rights, wife’s rights and husband’s authority over the wife. Yet, there has been an enigmatic aspect to her character. The more one delves deeper into her character, the more one is confounded with Draupadi’s heroism. Her strength of character and unyielding will makes her a hero, more heroic and greater than the others. And hence, the paper tries to explore the heroic nature of Draupadi’s character- to unravel the ‘he’ in ‘her’.
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Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.286
Reshu Shukla
The Inheritance of Loss, written by Kiran Desai, won the 2006 Man Booker Prize. The book thoroughly explains the modern problems brought on by globalisation and technological advancement, followed by the escalating perceptions of economic disparities, diversity, fanaticism, and rationalism as the main contemporary survival threats. Kiran Desai has accurately captured the state of homelessness, alienation, estrangement, marginalisation, and lack of belongingness that immigrants face in both foreign countries as well as in their own countries in the name of class-culture disparities. The novel tells the story of people from various backgrounds battling social norms while being stigmatised by their caste, class, culture, and country. It depicts post-globalization effects, which have ironically had a greater impact on the segment of society known as the middle class, further divided into the higher middle class and lower middle class, despite having made notable changes in the world spectrum in various aspects. The novelist has amazingly succeeded in portraying the negative aspects of the ongoing changes occurring on all levels, regardless of geographic borders, in the technical, economic, social, cultural, and ethical spheres. New York city, one of the two major locations of the plot, happens to be home to a large population of legal and unauthorised immigrants from various ‘Third World Nations’, and the other is Kalimpong, a small Indian town at the base of Mount Kanchenjunga in the north-eastern Himalayas, which is shown to be experiencing political unrest in the middle of the 1980s following the launch of the liberation movement by the Indian Nepalese. Kiran Desai has effectively depicted the effects of the Gorkha movement of the time, linking it to the main plot. The purpose of this paper is to study the novel's extensive treatment of the themes of home, homeland, alienation, immigration, identity crisis, and above all, the pain of isolation in the shadow of belongingness.
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