Future cardiology最新文献

Background: Myocardial infarction management relies on pharmaceuticals and interventions like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While complete PCI has shown noninferiority to culprit-only PCI, its impact on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) outcomes in multiple subpopulations has been unknown.Methods: A systematic literature search (from January 2000 to May 2024) identified four relevant randomized controlled trials involving ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients. Data analysis employed a random-effects model with inverse variance weighting.Results: MACE risk was significantly lower in males than females undergoing complete PCI compared with culprit-only PCI (hazard ratio: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.39-0.68; p < 0.01; I2 = 53%). Furthermore, complete PCI significantly lowered the risk of MACE outcomes in patients without diabetes and in patients under the 65-year age limit in comparison to culprit-only PCI.Conclusion: Complete PCI reduces MACE risk in male, nondiabetic ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients under 65 with multivessel coronary artery disease, necessitating further investigation into outcome differences among different subpopulations.

Aim: Micra AV represents a leadless endocardial pacing system able to detect atrial contractions providing atrioventricular synchrony. A reduction of myocardial contractility may be detected in case of first-degree atrioventricular block (AVB). Materials & methods: In six patients with first-degree AVB (PQ interval ≥220 msec) was evaluated the left ventricle global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) by speckle tracking (ST) echocardiography during single-lead atrial sensing ventricular pacing (VDD) stimulation as compared with spontaneous rhythm (SR), 24-48 h after Micra AV implantation. Results: A statistically significant difference between the two modalities was observed (LV GLS during SR: -14.7% [interquartile range (IQR) 5.5], LV GLS during VDD pacing: -16.1% [IQR 5.2]; p value = 0.041). Conclusion: Our preliminary results suggest an improvement of myocardial contractility with VDD pacing as compared with SR.

Aim: Ursolic acid (UA) has an important biological role in the fight against fat accumulation, insulin resistance, obesity and inflammation. Therefore, in the current review and meta-analysis work, we investigate the effects of UA (dosage range is 50.94 to 450 mg/day) on cardiometabolic risk factors. Materials & methods: After searching the studies up to February 2023, six articles were included in the study. Results: The pooled effect size showed that UA supplementation didn't significantly change body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, lean body mass, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein compared with control groups. Conclusion: UA supplementation had no significant effect on the cardiometabolic risk factors in adults.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare cardiac presentation. It can be associated with severe complications such as hemodynamically significant ventricular septal defect and cardiac free wall rupture. In cases of mechanical complications, surgical repair is often indicated. Despite best medical and surgical efforts, patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and mechanical complications carry significant mortality risk. Herein, we present an unusual presentation of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy that was associated with a mechanical complication. Although the patient underwent a successful surgical repair, she passed away from multiorgan failure during the postoperative period.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) has been increasingly recognized in recent years as an important cause of acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, and sudden death, especially among young women. However, due to the lack of clinical trials on SCAD, evidence-based guidance on management is currently lacking. Presented are four case studies that illustrate the recent insights and challenges in SCAD diagnosis and treatment.

Background: Depression has been suggested to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, but many studies assessed depression after heart disease onset. This study evaluated the association between depression and myocardial infarction (MI) using a large inpatient database.Methods: We analyzed patients from the National Inpatient Sample hospitals from 2005 to 2020, selecting those aged >30 with ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for segment elevation (ST) elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial elevation (NSTEMI) and major depression.Results: Our data included 4413,113 STEMI patients (224,430 with depression) and 10,421,346 NSTEMI patients (437,058 with depression). No significant association was found between depression and MI. For STEMI, the 2005 odds ratio was 0.12 (95% CI: 0.10-0.15, p < 0.001) and the 2020 odds ratio was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.69-0.73, p < 0.001). Similar patterns were observed for NSTEMI.Conclusion: Depression may not independently be a significant risk factor for MI.

Aim: In the current study, serum levels of endocan in patients attended with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, as well as the possible correlation with apolipoprotein-A1 (APO-A1) and APO-B were investigated.Materials & methods: In 80 men, endocan, cTnI, APO-A1, and APO-B levels were measured. Finally, the correlation of endocan with APO-A1, APO-B, and APO-B/ APO-A1 ratio was assessed.Results: Significant changes in APO-A1, APO-B, endocan levels, and APO-B/APO-A1 ratio were found in acute myocardial infarction cases compared with the control arm (p < 0.05). In addition, our finding showed a significant correlation between APO-B and endocan levels, but not APO-A.Conclusion: High endocan level is an independent indicator of endothelial dysfunction and ischemic cardiovascular conditions, which could be related to APO-B.