Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i5.1102
P. Steichen, K. Gruber, B. Hippe, A. Haslberger
Dietary spermidine is emerging as a substance with promising health-promoting and healthy ageing-promoting properties. Its autophagy-inducing potential has been especially well-documented. This process is suspected to be at the root of the life-prolonging effects of fasting and in-vivo spermidine supplementation. In humans, high dietary spermidine intake is associated with a lifespan increase of 5.7 years. Numerous studies provide indications of its effects on the cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems as well as on the formation and development of tumors. Nevertheless, no health claims are currently authorized in the EU for spermidine or spermidine-rich functional foods. When ingested through food or dietary supplements, dosage appears to play an important role in replicating the favorable effects. Currently, there are ongoing proceedings regarding the novelty of a certain manufacturing process of spermidine supplements, but many other plant extracts with high spermidine content from different sources are marketed without the need for novel food authorization. This article discusses the varying test results obtained for the spermidine concentration of popular spermidine supplements. Soybean extract seems to be slightly superior in terms of spermidine concentration, but one wheat germ-based product stood out in this analysis due to a 10 times higher spermidine concentration than comparable products.Keywords: spermidine, food supplements, novel food, botanicals, functional foods, autophagy, spermidine-rich wheat germ extract
{"title":"Spermidine content of selected dietary supplements: potential for improvement?","authors":"P. Steichen, K. Gruber, B. Hippe, A. Haslberger","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i5.1102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i5.1102","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary spermidine is emerging as a substance with promising health-promoting and healthy ageing-promoting properties. Its autophagy-inducing potential has been especially well-documented. This process is suspected to be at the root of the life-prolonging effects of fasting and in-vivo spermidine supplementation. In humans, high dietary spermidine intake is associated with a lifespan increase of 5.7 years. Numerous studies provide indications of its effects on the cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems as well as on the formation and development of tumors. Nevertheless, no health claims are currently authorized in the EU for spermidine or spermidine-rich functional foods. When ingested through food or dietary supplements, dosage appears to play an important role in replicating the favorable effects. Currently, there are ongoing proceedings regarding the novelty of a certain manufacturing process of spermidine supplements, but many other plant extracts with high spermidine content from different sources are marketed without the need for novel food authorization. This article discusses the varying test results obtained for the spermidine concentration of popular spermidine supplements. Soybean extract seems to be slightly superior in terms of spermidine concentration, but one wheat germ-based product stood out in this analysis due to a 10 times higher spermidine concentration than comparable products.Keywords: spermidine, food supplements, novel food, botanicals, functional foods, autophagy, spermidine-rich wheat germ extract ","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44291229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i5.1099
D. Risso, Ieva Laurie, E. Sarkkinen, K. Karnik
Background & Aims. Polydextrose (PDX) (8-30g/day) has been reported to increase faecal bulk and consistency, leading to easier stool passage. However, studies on its effect on defaecation frequency and colonic transit time have provided mixed results, and most focused on either healthy or highly constipated adults, leaving the question on if and how PDX could also aid mildly constipated individuals partially unanswered.Methods. We investigated the effects of PDX consumption by healthy subjects experiencing one or more symptoms of mild constipation on faecal bulk, defaecation frequency, stool consistency, ease of stool passage, and total colonic transit time to further characterize and generate additional evidence regarding the potential beneficial effects of this fibre. 51 subjects participated in a 4-week, two-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study testing a control (CON) and a PDX treatment (18 g/d included in biscuits and drink mixtures) (registered on clinicaltrials.gov with the identifier" NCT05309837").Results. Consumption of PDX resulted in 120.7 g and 25.7 g higher faecal wet and dry weight, respectively (p < 0.05). Colonic transit time was ~4 h shorter in the PDX group: although this difference did not reach significance (p > 0.05) as the study was underpowered to detect a statistical difference for this secondary outcome, this result still carries a physiological importance. Consumption of PDX was well-tolerated, with some PDX volunteers reporting more mild flatulence (p < 0.05).Conclusions. All in all, our study adds new evidence on how a moderate (18g) daily intake of PDX could increase faecal bulking and potentially shorten colonic transit time, making this ingredient a good candidate to be used to formulate, and reformulate, foods and beverages by replacing caloric carbohydrates with reduced caloric content, enriching food items easily consumed to enhance fibre intake and support bowel function.
{"title":"The effect of polydextrose on fecal bulk and bowel function in mildly constipated healthy adults: a double-blind, placebo controlled study","authors":"D. Risso, Ieva Laurie, E. Sarkkinen, K. Karnik","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i5.1099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i5.1099","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims. Polydextrose (PDX) (8-30g/day) has been reported to increase faecal bulk and consistency, leading to easier stool passage. However, studies on its effect on defaecation frequency and colonic transit time have provided mixed results, and most focused on either healthy or highly constipated adults, leaving the question on if and how PDX could also aid mildly constipated individuals partially unanswered.Methods. We investigated the effects of PDX consumption by healthy subjects experiencing one or more symptoms of mild constipation on faecal bulk, defaecation frequency, stool consistency, ease of stool passage, and total colonic transit time to further characterize and generate additional evidence regarding the potential beneficial effects of this fibre. 51 subjects participated in a 4-week, two-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study testing a control (CON) and a PDX treatment (18 g/d included in biscuits and drink mixtures) (registered on clinicaltrials.gov with the identifier\" NCT05309837\").Results. Consumption of PDX resulted in 120.7 g and 25.7 g higher faecal wet and dry weight, respectively (p < 0.05). Colonic transit time was ~4 h shorter in the PDX group: although this difference did not reach significance (p > 0.05) as the study was underpowered to detect a statistical difference for this secondary outcome, this result still carries a physiological importance. Consumption of PDX was well-tolerated, with some PDX volunteers reporting more mild flatulence (p < 0.05).Conclusions. All in all, our study adds new evidence on how a moderate (18g) daily intake of PDX could increase faecal bulking and potentially shorten colonic transit time, making this ingredient a good candidate to be used to formulate, and reformulate, foods and beverages by replacing caloric carbohydrates with reduced caloric content, enriching food items easily consumed to enhance fibre intake and support bowel function.","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49162849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-26DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1096
Ruaa Tariq Mohamed Ali, Q. Y. Jameel
Background: Although there is an increasing need for eco-friendly and non-toxic food colorants, plant-based colors have shown to be a promising alternative to synthetic food colors. The natural pigment (betalain) was extracted from red beetroot utilizing a magnetic stirrer shaking apparatus in the current study. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of betalain (natural pigment) and red dye 40 (synthetic pigment), on the chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of ice cream. Materials and Methods: Betalain and red dye 40 were added into ice cream at variable concentrations of 50 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL, and 200 mg/mL. Specimens were stored for 70 days and evaluated every ten days. Results: The values of titratable acidity, PH, fat, protein, total count of microorganisms, and sensory characteristics were gave higher scores samples than than in ice cream with red dye 40. Nevertheless, betalain doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL have been reported to have a significant 70-day storage activity in ice cream. When compared to mixtures containing 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL of red dye 40 after 70 days. According to the findings, betalain may be utilized as a natural pigment and food preservative to boost stability during storage.Keywords: Red beetroot,Betalain, Functional foods, Red Dye 40 (E129),Antioxidants, synthetic colors, Storage stability
{"title":"Red beetroot betalains as a novel source of colorent in ice-cream as compared with Red Dye 40 (E129)","authors":"Ruaa Tariq Mohamed Ali, Q. Y. Jameel","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1096","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although there is an increasing need for eco-friendly and non-toxic food colorants, plant-based colors have shown to be a promising alternative to synthetic food colors. The natural pigment (betalain) was extracted from red beetroot utilizing a magnetic stirrer shaking apparatus in the current study. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of betalain (natural pigment) and red dye 40 (synthetic pigment), on the chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of ice cream. Materials and Methods: Betalain and red dye 40 were added into ice cream at variable concentrations of 50 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL, and 200 mg/mL. Specimens were stored for 70 days and evaluated every ten days. Results: The values of titratable acidity, PH, fat, protein, total count of microorganisms, and sensory characteristics were gave higher scores samples than than in ice cream with red dye 40. Nevertheless, betalain doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL have been reported to have a significant 70-day storage activity in ice cream. When compared to mixtures containing 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL of red dye 40 after 70 days. According to the findings, betalain may be utilized as a natural pigment and food preservative to boost stability during storage.Keywords: Red beetroot,Betalain, Functional foods, Red Dye 40 (E129),Antioxidants, synthetic colors, Storage stability","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48426102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1090
Anirut Hlosrichok, R. Aunpad
Background: Winged bean or Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (WB) seeds have high protein content and could be applied as a source of antioxidant proteins and peptides. The utilization of gamma rays in plant protein extraction provides consumers with a safe and harmless technology.Objective: To determine the efficiency of gamma rays in the protein extraction process of WB seeds and investigate the antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, cytoprotective effect of the gamma ray irradiated WB (WB-G) seed protein hydrolysate.Methods: WB seeds were irradiated with gamma ray (WB-G) and total protein were extracted by acid-base extraction method. The total protein was further hydrolyzed with alcalase enzyme to obtain the protein hydrolysate. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assay. The cytotoxicity and cytoprotective effect were determined by MTT assay. The cellular reactive oxygen species was further analyzed by ACFDA assay.Results: The protein extracted from WB-G seeds showed higher protein yield and antioxidant activity than that of non-irradiated seeds. After hydrolysis with alcalase enzyme at 55°C for 6 hours, WB-G protein hydrolysate with degree of hydrolysis of 90.00±0.91% exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 10.30±0.02 µg/ml and 3.10±0.06 µg/ml as measured by DPPH and ABTS assay, respectively. Moreover, it showed no toxicity toward L929 mouse fibroblast cells and IPEC-J2 cell lines and can reduce the damage caused by H2O2. As determined in cellular reactive oxygen species by H2-DCFDA assay, the WB-G protein hydrolysate can reduce the level of ROS and subsequently the damage of cell by H2O2. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that gamma ray irradiation on the WB seeds can increase the protein yield and its protein hydrolysate exhibited promising antioxidant activity and cytoprotective effect on cells against H2O2 damage. It might be developed as an alternative food or feed supplement.Keywords:Psophocarpus tetragonolobus; Gamma rays; Protein hydrolysate; Antioxidant activity; Cytoprotective effect
{"title":"Antioxidant potential of gamma ray irradiated winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) seed protein hydrolysate","authors":"Anirut Hlosrichok, R. Aunpad","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1090","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Winged bean or Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (WB) seeds have high protein content and could be applied as a source of antioxidant proteins and peptides. The utilization of gamma rays in plant protein extraction provides consumers with a safe and harmless technology.Objective: To determine the efficiency of gamma rays in the protein extraction process of WB seeds and investigate the antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, cytoprotective effect of the gamma ray irradiated WB (WB-G) seed protein hydrolysate.Methods: WB seeds were irradiated with gamma ray (WB-G) and total protein were extracted by acid-base extraction method. The total protein was further hydrolyzed with alcalase enzyme to obtain the protein hydrolysate. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assay. The cytotoxicity and cytoprotective effect were determined by MTT assay. The cellular reactive oxygen species was further analyzed by ACFDA assay.Results: The protein extracted from WB-G seeds showed higher protein yield and antioxidant activity than that of non-irradiated seeds. After hydrolysis with alcalase enzyme at 55°C for 6 hours, WB-G protein hydrolysate with degree of hydrolysis of 90.00±0.91% exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 10.30±0.02 µg/ml and 3.10±0.06 µg/ml as measured by DPPH and ABTS assay, respectively. Moreover, it showed no toxicity toward L929 mouse fibroblast cells and IPEC-J2 cell lines and can reduce the damage caused by H2O2. As determined in cellular reactive oxygen species by H2-DCFDA assay, the WB-G protein hydrolysate can reduce the level of ROS and subsequently the damage of cell by H2O2. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that gamma ray irradiation on the WB seeds can increase the protein yield and its protein hydrolysate exhibited promising antioxidant activity and cytoprotective effect on cells against H2O2 damage. It might be developed as an alternative food or feed supplement.Keywords:Psophocarpus tetragonolobus; Gamma rays; Protein hydrolysate; Antioxidant activity; Cytoprotective effect","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49145711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1092
A. Bolner, L. Bertoldi, G. Benvenuto, E. Sattin, O. Bosello, G. Nordera
Background: Oxidative stress, understood as the alteration of the physiological equilibrium between the production of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals and their metabolic neutralization (redox imbalance), is a typical condition of several pathologies, including neurodegenerative ones.In Parkinson's disease (PD), oxidative phenomena typically interest the dopaminergic neurons of mesencephalic substantia nigra. Although it is unlikely that the redox imbalance represents the primary event of neurodegeneration, it is certain that it participates in cellular damage progression.Objectives: Interventions to prevent or reduce the extent of the oxidative stress in PD and the consequent oxidative damage are of crucial importance. With this study, we have evaluated the effects of prolonged treatment with fermented papaya preparation (FPP) on redox imbalance, clinical parameters, and intestinal microbiome of PD patients. Methods: For six months, one group of PD subjects were treated with FPP (n=19, verum) and another with placebo (n=20, control); then, in the following six months, the treatments were exchanged.Several blood biochemical and hematological parameters were measured at the start and at the end of treatments. Among them are some components of antioxidant barriers, free radicals (total peroxides) and biomarkers of oxidative damage on DNA and proteins. To check the effects of FPP treatment on intestinal bacterial flora, we also evaluated the modification of microbiome with regards to the relative amounts of different phyla, families, genera, and species. Furthermore, accurate evaluations were performed on motor symptoms and cognitive functions of patients with validated survey scales to check the effects of FPP treatment on clinical parameters and quality life. Results: Unlike the control group, the level of free radicals in the patients treated with FPP was not increased; the antioxidant barrier was strengthened and oxidative damages on proteins and especially on DNA were decreased. Even clinical features and quality life parameters of these patients have improved. Instead, the results of microbiome were inconclusive as changes resulted seemingly independent Ofelia the treatments.Conclusions: The study demonstrates that FPP may be a valuable aid in counteracting oxidative stress and improve the motor symptoms and cognitive functions in PD. This effect does not seem to depend on increased growth of a particular bacterial phylum because the microbioma composition does not change significantly following the treatment; it cannot be excluded, however, that FPP works otherwise by modifying not the quantity but rather the metabolism of some specific bacterial group or that it has effects on the integrity of the intestinal mucosa. Keywords: Papaya, oxidative stress, Parkinson’s disease, microbiome
{"title":"Effects of dietary supplementation with fermented papaya on oxidative stress, symptoms, and microbiome in Parkinson's disease","authors":"A. Bolner, L. Bertoldi, G. Benvenuto, E. Sattin, O. Bosello, G. Nordera","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1092","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oxidative stress, understood as the alteration of the physiological equilibrium between the production of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals and their metabolic neutralization (redox imbalance), is a typical condition of several pathologies, including neurodegenerative ones.In Parkinson's disease (PD), oxidative phenomena typically interest the dopaminergic neurons of mesencephalic substantia nigra. Although it is unlikely that the redox imbalance represents the primary event of neurodegeneration, it is certain that it participates in cellular damage progression.Objectives: Interventions to prevent or reduce the extent of the oxidative stress in PD and the consequent oxidative damage are of crucial importance. With this study, we have evaluated the effects of prolonged treatment with fermented papaya preparation (FPP) on redox imbalance, clinical parameters, and intestinal microbiome of PD patients. Methods: For six months, one group of PD subjects were treated with FPP (n=19, verum) and another with placebo (n=20, control); then, in the following six months, the treatments were exchanged.Several blood biochemical and hematological parameters were measured at the start and at the end of treatments. Among them are some components of antioxidant barriers, free radicals (total peroxides) and biomarkers of oxidative damage on DNA and proteins. To check the effects of FPP treatment on intestinal bacterial flora, we also evaluated the modification of microbiome with regards to the relative amounts of different phyla, families, genera, and species. Furthermore, accurate evaluations were performed on motor symptoms and cognitive functions of patients with validated survey scales to check the effects of FPP treatment on clinical parameters and quality life. Results: Unlike the control group, the level of free radicals in the patients treated with FPP was not increased; the antioxidant barrier was strengthened and oxidative damages on proteins and especially on DNA were decreased. Even clinical features and quality life parameters of these patients have improved. Instead, the results of microbiome were inconclusive as changes resulted seemingly independent Ofelia the treatments.Conclusions: The study demonstrates that FPP may be a valuable aid in counteracting oxidative stress and improve the motor symptoms and cognitive functions in PD. This effect does not seem to depend on increased growth of a particular bacterial phylum because the microbioma composition does not change significantly following the treatment; it cannot be excluded, however, that FPP works otherwise by modifying not the quantity but rather the metabolism of some specific bacterial group or that it has effects on the integrity of the intestinal mucosa. Keywords: Papaya, oxidative stress, Parkinson’s disease, microbiome","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42189676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1093
A. Manvelyan, M. Balayan, Sh. M. Miralimova, V. Chistyakov, A. Pepoyan
Background: The probiotics’ auto-aggregation and biofilm formation abilities have a significant role in the development of biotechnological processes.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biofilm formation and auto-aggregation abilities of novel, targeted aqua-probiotics isolated from aquatic organisms.Methods: The biofilm formation abilities of Lactobacillus delbrueckii str. UZ-1, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum str. R3, Lactococcus str. UZ-2, Enterococcus faecium str. R2, Pediococcus acidilactici str. N from the culture collection of the Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Bacillus subtilis str. 1R, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 4R and from the culture collection of the Southern Federal University of Russa and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus str. 1A and Enterococcus str. 9-3 from the culture collection of the Armenian National Agrarian University were assessed.Results: According to the investigations, the biofilm formation abilities of Lactobacillus delbrueckii str. UZ-1, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum str. R3, Lactococcus str. UZ-2, Enterococcus faecium str. R2, Pediococcus acidilactici str. N, Bacillus subtilis str. 1R, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 4R, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 5R, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus str. 1A and Enterococcus str. 9-3 were 0.119 ± 0.05D, 0.113 ± 0.065D, 0.196 ± 0.04D, 0.116 ± 0.01D, 0.152 ± 0.05D, 0.74 ± 0.15D, 2.621± 0.55D, 1.831 ± 0.45D, and 0.227 ± 0.04D and 0.483 ± 0.15D respectively. The highest rate of auto-aggregation was shown by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 5R, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 4R was the strain with the highest ability to form biofilm. These two Bacillus strains are also distinguished by the highest DNA protective properties and relatively low antioxidant activity. Despite the fact that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 5R showed the highest rate of auto-aggregation after 2 hours, this strain showed the lowest level of auto-aggregation among the studied strains after 24 hours. The Enterococcus str. 9-3 strain with the highest antioxidant activity showed 0.483 ± 0.15D biofilm formation ability.Conclusion: The novel targeted aquaprobiotics have distinct biofilm formation and aggregation properties, which are important to consider when planning appropriate biotechnological processes, requiring specific membrane properties of probiotics.Graphical Abstract: Membrane properties of novel targeted aquaprobiotics.Keywords: Lactobacilli, aqua-probiotic, antioxidant activity, biofilm formation, aggregation, Enterococcus str. 9-3
{"title":"Biofilm formation and auto-aggregation abilities of novel targeted aqua-probiotics","authors":"A. Manvelyan, M. Balayan, Sh. M. Miralimova, V. Chistyakov, A. Pepoyan","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i4.1093","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The probiotics’ auto-aggregation and biofilm formation abilities have a significant role in the development of biotechnological processes.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biofilm formation and auto-aggregation abilities of novel, targeted aqua-probiotics isolated from aquatic organisms.Methods: The biofilm formation abilities of Lactobacillus delbrueckii str. UZ-1, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum str. R3, Lactococcus str. UZ-2, Enterococcus faecium str. R2, Pediococcus acidilactici str. N from the culture collection of the Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Bacillus subtilis str. 1R, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 4R and from the culture collection of the Southern Federal University of Russa and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus str. 1A and Enterococcus str. 9-3 from the culture collection of the Armenian National Agrarian University were assessed.Results: According to the investigations, the biofilm formation abilities of Lactobacillus delbrueckii str. UZ-1, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum str. R3, Lactococcus str. UZ-2, Enterococcus faecium str. R2, Pediococcus acidilactici str. N, Bacillus subtilis str. 1R, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 4R, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 5R, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus str. 1A and Enterococcus str. 9-3 were 0.119 ± 0.05D, 0.113 ± 0.065D, 0.196 ± 0.04D, 0.116 ± 0.01D, 0.152 ± 0.05D, 0.74 ± 0.15D, 2.621± 0.55D, 1.831 ± 0.45D, and 0.227 ± 0.04D and 0.483 ± 0.15D respectively. The highest rate of auto-aggregation was shown by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 5R, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 4R was the strain with the highest ability to form biofilm. These two Bacillus strains are also distinguished by the highest DNA protective properties and relatively low antioxidant activity. Despite the fact that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens str. 5R showed the highest rate of auto-aggregation after 2 hours, this strain showed the lowest level of auto-aggregation among the studied strains after 24 hours. The Enterococcus str. 9-3 strain with the highest antioxidant activity showed 0.483 ± 0.15D biofilm formation ability.Conclusion: The novel targeted aquaprobiotics have distinct biofilm formation and aggregation properties, which are important to consider when planning appropriate biotechnological processes, requiring specific membrane properties of probiotics.Graphical Abstract: Membrane properties of novel targeted aquaprobiotics.Keywords: Lactobacilli, aqua-probiotic, antioxidant activity, biofilm formation, aggregation, Enterococcus str. 9-3","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49602027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1046
Junyoo Takizawa, Asami Baba, T. Takara
Objective: This study’s purpose was to verify the PAKU-PAKU KOUBO-KUN (PPKK) containing yeast and mulberry extract concentrate’s effects on suppressing elevated postprandial blood glucose (PBG).Methods: Two randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover studies (TRIAL-1 and TRIAL-2) were conducted. Both studies included healthy Japanese adults with a maximum PBG concentration (Cmax) in the range of 140–199 mg/dL. Study subjects were randomly assigned to take PPKK or placebo food. Then subjects consumed 200 g of cooked rice within 10 minutes of test food consumption. Blood glucose (BG) levels were evaluated before intervention, and 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min after consumption. The main endpoint was the incremental area under the curve (IAUC) of PBG.Results: The analysis included 36 subjects in TRIAL-1 and 41 subjects in TRIAL-2. A combined analysis (n = 71) was conducted. Both individual studies and combined analysis showed that PPKK significantly reduced the IAUC of PBG. In particular, BG levels were significantly lower at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min after intervention. No adverse effects were identified. Conclusions:These results indicated that PPKK moderated the increase in PBG and enhanced glucose metabolism.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR: UMIN000042445 and UMIN000045341Foundation: Mainichiegao Co., Ltd.Keywords: postprandial blood glucose, yeast, mulberry, prediabetes, glycemic control
{"title":"A “PAKU-PAKU KOUBO-KUN” containing yeast and mulberry extract postprandial glycemic control in healthy Japanese men and women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study","authors":"Junyoo Takizawa, Asami Baba, T. Takara","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1046","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study’s purpose was to verify the PAKU-PAKU KOUBO-KUN (PPKK) containing yeast and mulberry extract concentrate’s effects on suppressing elevated postprandial blood glucose (PBG).Methods: Two randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover studies (TRIAL-1 and TRIAL-2) were conducted. Both studies included healthy Japanese adults with a maximum PBG concentration (Cmax) in the range of 140–199 mg/dL. Study subjects were randomly assigned to take PPKK or placebo food. Then subjects consumed 200 g of cooked rice within 10 minutes of test food consumption. Blood glucose (BG) levels were evaluated before intervention, and 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min after consumption. The main endpoint was the incremental area under the curve (IAUC) of PBG.Results: The analysis included 36 subjects in TRIAL-1 and 41 subjects in TRIAL-2. A combined analysis (n = 71) was conducted. Both individual studies and combined analysis showed that PPKK significantly reduced the IAUC of PBG. In particular, BG levels were significantly lower at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min after intervention. No adverse effects were identified. Conclusions:These results indicated that PPKK moderated the increase in PBG and enhanced glucose metabolism.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR: UMIN000042445 and UMIN000045341Foundation: Mainichiegao Co., Ltd.Keywords: postprandial blood glucose, yeast, mulberry, prediabetes, glycemic control","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48121672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1078
H. Hara, R. Mifuru, Yoshiro Ishikura, Ryo Yokotani, N. Ishida, T. Hara, Shuji Ozaw
Background: Kumaizasa (Sasa senanensis Rehder) is a representative natural plant growing in Hokkaido, Japan, and has a history of being used in herbal medicine and as a health food option. Nishihira et. al. (2019) confirmed in a clinical trial that the kumaizasa dry powder had the effect of improving bowel movements of healthy volunteers. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the components of kumaizasa powder, like holocellulose (hemicellulose + cellulose) and cellulose, involved in the bowel movement of rats and tried to elucidate the role of each component.Methods: Male rats (Slc:SD, weight 79~93 g) were administered kumaizasa powder (3000 mg/kg/day) orally, holocellulose (1500 mg/kg/day), cellulose (900mg /kg/day) or water using a stomach tube twice a day for 14 days.Results: Among the intervention groups (kumaizasa powder, holocellulose, cellulose group) and control group (water), no significant differences were observed with changes in body weight and food consumption. All the feces were normal, with one exception of watery feces on day 2 in the cellulose group. Multigroup comparison by the Tukey-Kramer method showed that the dry weight of feces collected at day 14 in the kumaizasa powder group significantly increased as compared with that of the control group (p<0.01). This result confirmed that kumaizasa powder had the effect of increasing fecal amount. A paired t-test between each kumaizasa group and control group indicated that the cellulose increased the fecal dry weights and moisture content in feces, while the kumaizasa powder and the holocellulose increased only fecal dry weights.Conclusion: It is shown that the holocellulose and cellulose of kumaizasa powder have the effect of increasing the bowel movement of rats by oral administration. It is also suggested that the cellulose increases the moisture content in the feces by swelling, while hemicellulose in the holocellulose acts as a prebiotic to regulate the moisture content in feces.Keywords: Kumaizasa, Sasa senanensis Rehder, hemicellulose, cellulose, holocellulose, bowel movements
{"title":"In vivo evaluation of holocellulose and cellulose isolated from kumaizasa (Sasa senanensis) powder on bowel movements in rats","authors":"H. Hara, R. Mifuru, Yoshiro Ishikura, Ryo Yokotani, N. Ishida, T. Hara, Shuji Ozaw","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1078","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kumaizasa (Sasa senanensis Rehder) is a representative natural plant growing in Hokkaido, Japan, and has a history of being used in herbal medicine and as a health food option. Nishihira et. al. (2019) confirmed in a clinical trial that the kumaizasa dry powder had the effect of improving bowel movements of healthy volunteers. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the components of kumaizasa powder, like holocellulose (hemicellulose + cellulose) and cellulose, involved in the bowel movement of rats and tried to elucidate the role of each component.Methods: Male rats (Slc:SD, weight 79~93 g) were administered kumaizasa powder (3000 mg/kg/day) orally, holocellulose (1500 mg/kg/day), cellulose (900mg /kg/day) or water using a stomach tube twice a day for 14 days.Results: Among the intervention groups (kumaizasa powder, holocellulose, cellulose group) and control group (water), no significant differences were observed with changes in body weight and food consumption. All the feces were normal, with one exception of watery feces on day 2 in the cellulose group. Multigroup comparison by the Tukey-Kramer method showed that the dry weight of feces collected at day 14 in the kumaizasa powder group significantly increased as compared with that of the control group (p<0.01). This result confirmed that kumaizasa powder had the effect of increasing fecal amount. A paired t-test between each kumaizasa group and control group indicated that the cellulose increased the fecal dry weights and moisture content in feces, while the kumaizasa powder and the holocellulose increased only fecal dry weights.Conclusion: It is shown that the holocellulose and cellulose of kumaizasa powder have the effect of increasing the bowel movement of rats by oral administration. It is also suggested that the cellulose increases the moisture content in the feces by swelling, while hemicellulose in the holocellulose acts as a prebiotic to regulate the moisture content in feces.Keywords: Kumaizasa, Sasa senanensis Rehder, hemicellulose, cellulose, holocellulose, bowel movements","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42575416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1069
Pinal N. Kanabar, Nina S. Los, T. Lawal, S. Patel, Nisikant A. Raut, M. Maienschein-Cline, Z. Arbieva, G. Mahady
Introduction: Numerous studies over the past 30 years have shown that bioactive compounds present in functional foods, including vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals reduce cancer risk. For example, vitamins A and D derivatives found in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products, reduce the growth of breast, bladder, head, neck, lung, prostate, and skin cancers. However, the effects of these combined vitamins have not been previously reported for breast cancer.Aims: To investigate the activities of vitamin A (all-trans-retinoic acid; ATRA), as well as vitamins D2 and D3 in combination in the breast epithelial cancer cell lines T47D:A18, MCF-7, and SK-BR-3 and perform whole genome analysis in MCF-7 cells using RNA-seq.Methods: Breast cancer cells were cultured in appropriate media and treated with ATRA, D2 or D3 alone in concentrations from 1-10 μg/ml, or in combination at 1, 5, and 10 μg/ml. The CellTiter-Glo® 2.0 assay, Caspase-Glo®3/7, Caspase®8, and ApoTox-Glo™ Triplex assays measured cell viability and apoptosis. The effect of treatment on autophagy in MCF-7 cells was measured with a CYTO-ID® Autophagy Detection Kit 2.0. The whole transcriptome analysis was assessed using mRNA-seq and qPCR.Results: Separately, ATRA, D2, and D3 all reduced the viability of all breast cancer cell lines tested, with median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) between 2.1 to 31.7 μg/ml. However, when breast cancer cells were treated with combinations of ATRA+D2+D3, the IC50 was reduced indicating synergism. In MCF-7 cells, 5-flurouracil (5-FLU) had an IC50 of 1.37 µg/ml, while the vitamin A and D combination had an IC50 of 1.5 µg/ml, indicating the combination was ~90% as effective as 5-FLU. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with ATRA+D2+D3 enhanced caspase 3/7 activity, as well as the expression of Bax, BAD, PTEN and p53 (apoptosis canonical pathway), as well as induced autophagy. Whole genome analysis of treated MCF-7 cells showed a significant upregulation in gene expression in the autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response apoptosis canonical pathways. Furthermore, MCF-7 cells treated with ATRA+D2+D3 demonstrated significant downregulation of gene expression in estrogen-mediated S phase entry and estrogen signaling canonical pathways suggesting antiestrogenic effects. Conclusions: Vitamins A and D combinations had synergistic effects in breast cancer cells and induced both apoptosis and autophagy. Transcriptional profiling showed significant alterations in gene expression patterns and upregulation of multiple cancer signaling pathways supporting the hypothesis that combining vitamins A and D is a more effective treatment than either vitamin alone. Keywords: all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), Vitamin D2, Vitamin D3, breast cancer cells, apoptosis, estrogen receptors
{"title":"Combinations of vitamin A and D induced are synergistic in breast cancer cells and alter gene expression in the endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein and estrogen signaling canonical pathways","authors":"Pinal N. Kanabar, Nina S. Los, T. Lawal, S. Patel, Nisikant A. Raut, M. Maienschein-Cline, Z. Arbieva, G. Mahady","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1069","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Numerous studies over the past 30 years have shown that bioactive compounds present in functional foods, including vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals reduce cancer risk. For example, vitamins A and D derivatives found in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products, reduce the growth of breast, bladder, head, neck, lung, prostate, and skin cancers. However, the effects of these combined vitamins have not been previously reported for breast cancer.Aims: To investigate the activities of vitamin A (all-trans-retinoic acid; ATRA), as well as vitamins D2 and D3 in combination in the breast epithelial cancer cell lines T47D:A18, MCF-7, and SK-BR-3 and perform whole genome analysis in MCF-7 cells using RNA-seq.Methods: Breast cancer cells were cultured in appropriate media and treated with ATRA, D2 or D3 alone in concentrations from 1-10 μg/ml, or in combination at 1, 5, and 10 μg/ml. The CellTiter-Glo® 2.0 assay, Caspase-Glo®3/7, Caspase®8, and ApoTox-Glo™ Triplex assays measured cell viability and apoptosis. The effect of treatment on autophagy in MCF-7 cells was measured with a CYTO-ID® Autophagy Detection Kit 2.0. The whole transcriptome analysis was assessed using mRNA-seq and qPCR.Results: Separately, ATRA, D2, and D3 all reduced the viability of all breast cancer cell lines tested, with median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) between 2.1 to 31.7 μg/ml. However, when breast cancer cells were treated with combinations of ATRA+D2+D3, the IC50 was reduced indicating synergism. In MCF-7 cells, 5-flurouracil (5-FLU) had an IC50 of 1.37 µg/ml, while the vitamin A and D combination had an IC50 of 1.5 µg/ml, indicating the combination was ~90% as effective as 5-FLU. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with ATRA+D2+D3 enhanced caspase 3/7 activity, as well as the expression of Bax, BAD, PTEN and p53 (apoptosis canonical pathway), as well as induced autophagy. Whole genome analysis of treated MCF-7 cells showed a significant upregulation in gene expression in the autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response apoptosis canonical pathways. Furthermore, MCF-7 cells treated with ATRA+D2+D3 demonstrated significant downregulation of gene expression in estrogen-mediated S phase entry and estrogen signaling canonical pathways suggesting antiestrogenic effects. Conclusions: Vitamins A and D combinations had synergistic effects in breast cancer cells and induced both apoptosis and autophagy. Transcriptional profiling showed significant alterations in gene expression patterns and upregulation of multiple cancer signaling pathways supporting the hypothesis that combining vitamins A and D is a more effective treatment than either vitamin alone. Keywords: all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), Vitamin D2, Vitamin D3, breast cancer cells, apoptosis, estrogen receptors","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45938927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1072
U. Singh, Pankaj Singh, Pradeep Kumar Singh, S. Shukla, R. Singh, Sukanta Mondal
Introduction: Lagenaria siceraria has various pharmacological effects like antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-ulcer, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective activities and is used to treat various diseases like diabetes, jaundice, piles, ulcers, hypertension, colitis, insanity, and skin diseases.Context and purpose of the study: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, DNA damage and hepatoprotective activities of Lagenaria siceraria (LS)plant’s parts to explore their nutraceutical value.Methods: Phytochemical content was measured by the estimation of total phenolics, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, protein and carbohydrates while antioxidant activities were investigated by assaying the parameters of free radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and DNA damage protection assay. Hepatoprotective activity of LS leaf was measured by assaying cell viability, superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide formation.Results: Among the tested plant samples, LS leaves showed high contents of total phenolics, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, and protein contents whereas LS fruits have high carbohydrate contents. Evaluation of antioxidant activities in different parts of the LS plant showed that the LS leaf has high antioxidant properties as compared to other plant parts. The L. siceraria leaf also showed DNA protection activities against Fenton’s reagent as well as UV induced hydroxyl radical’s damage. To test the hepatoprotective activity of LS leaf against acetaminophen, induced hepatocellular toxicity and leaf extract concentrations of 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 μg/104 cells were administered to cultured hepatocytes before acetaminophen exposure. The experimental results showed that LS leaf extract restores superoxide dismutase activity and reduces malondialdehyde and nitric oxide formation as compared to acetaminophen alone treated cultured cells.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that leaves of L. siceraria plants have high antioxidant potential and DNA damage-protective and hepatoprotective activities. Hence, the leaf part of this plant may be used in different food applications to provide nutritional and health benefits, as well as in various liver care herbal formulations.Keywords: Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective activity, Hepatocytes, Lipid peroxidation, Total phenolics
{"title":"Evaluation of antioxidant potential, DNA damage and hepatoprotective properties of Lagenaria siceraria plant against acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity","authors":"U. Singh, Pankaj Singh, Pradeep Kumar Singh, S. Shukla, R. Singh, Sukanta Mondal","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i3.1072","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lagenaria siceraria has various pharmacological effects like antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-ulcer, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective activities and is used to treat various diseases like diabetes, jaundice, piles, ulcers, hypertension, colitis, insanity, and skin diseases.Context and purpose of the study: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, DNA damage and hepatoprotective activities of Lagenaria siceraria (LS)plant’s parts to explore their nutraceutical value.Methods: Phytochemical content was measured by the estimation of total phenolics, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, protein and carbohydrates while antioxidant activities were investigated by assaying the parameters of free radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and DNA damage protection assay. Hepatoprotective activity of LS leaf was measured by assaying cell viability, superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide formation.Results: Among the tested plant samples, LS leaves showed high contents of total phenolics, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, and protein contents whereas LS fruits have high carbohydrate contents. Evaluation of antioxidant activities in different parts of the LS plant showed that the LS leaf has high antioxidant properties as compared to other plant parts. The L. siceraria leaf also showed DNA protection activities against Fenton’s reagent as well as UV induced hydroxyl radical’s damage. To test the hepatoprotective activity of LS leaf against acetaminophen, induced hepatocellular toxicity and leaf extract concentrations of 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 μg/104 cells were administered to cultured hepatocytes before acetaminophen exposure. The experimental results showed that LS leaf extract restores superoxide dismutase activity and reduces malondialdehyde and nitric oxide formation as compared to acetaminophen alone treated cultured cells.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that leaves of L. siceraria plants have high antioxidant potential and DNA damage-protective and hepatoprotective activities. Hence, the leaf part of this plant may be used in different food applications to provide nutritional and health benefits, as well as in various liver care herbal formulations.Keywords: Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective activity, Hepatocytes, Lipid peroxidation, Total phenolics ","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46865043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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