This paper proposes a simple model to provide a framework for investigating human behaviour with Vehicle Navigation Aids (VNA). The model consist of planning, decision making, control, and perception. Decisions are made by comparing perceived cues from the outside view with expected cues from planning. VNA assists mainly in dynamic planning, providing support and updating to the cognitive map navigators have of their environment. Unlike other models of vehicle navigation systems that emphasize the Driver-Machine interaction in navigation, the proposed model presents navigation decisions as a dynamic process of comparing and integrating the very important outside view with information from VNA displays. The implications of the model for using multiple modal displays, for timing and pacing of information, and for visual attention competition are discussed.
{"title":"An information structural model of vehicle navigation and its implications","authors":"Shumin Zhai","doi":"10.4271/912730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912730","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a simple model to provide a framework for investigating human behaviour with Vehicle Navigation Aids (VNA). The model consist of planning, decision making, control, and perception. Decisions are made by comparing perceived cues from the outside view with expected cues from planning. VNA assists mainly in dynamic planning, providing support and updating to the cognitive map navigators have of their environment. Unlike other models of vehicle navigation systems that emphasize the Driver-Machine interaction in navigation, the proposed model presents navigation decisions as a dynamic process of comparing and integrating the very important outside view with information from VNA displays. The implications of the model for using multiple modal displays, for timing and pacing of information, and for visual attention competition are discussed.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126782132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes the principle of an Intelligent Roadway Reference System (IRRS). It discusses both the sensing and communication capabilities of an IRRS. It then assesses the information capability of an IRRS, focusing on the ability for providing static information for an Intelligent Vehicle Highway System (IVHS). This paper also investigates the information representation methods and indicates that some of the static information needed for IVHS can be conveyed by an IRRS.
{"title":"A roadway information system for vehicle guidance/control","authors":"Wei-bin Zhang","doi":"10.4271/912867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912867","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the principle of an Intelligent Roadway Reference System (IRRS). It discusses both the sensing and communication capabilities of an IRRS. It then assesses the information capability of an IRRS, focusing on the ability for providing static information for an Intelligent Vehicle Highway System (IVHS). This paper also investigates the information representation methods and indicates that some of the static information needed for IVHS can be conveyed by an IRRS.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131036531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes new driver-information systems that are suggested for cars of the 21st century and proposes a method for selecting them. This method will help government officials, product planners, engineers, designers, and scientists identify functions and features that will be most beneficial to drivers. The systems (functions) of interest were navigation, vehicle monitoring, traffic information, road-hazard warning, communications, motorist services, in-car signing, office functions, and entertainment. Features and information elements of these systems were identified and rated on three dimensions: effect on accidents, impact on traffic operations, and driver needs and wants. Based on the ranking of features, information about slick roads, accidents, congestion, construction, blocked views, emergency vehicles, and tire and brake problems would be particularly beneficial.
{"title":"What functions and features should be in driver information systems of the year 2000","authors":"P. Green, C. Serafin, M. Williams, G. Paelke","doi":"10.4271/912792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912792","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes new driver-information systems that are suggested for cars of the 21st century and proposes a method for selecting them. This method will help government officials, product planners, engineers, designers, and scientists identify functions and features that will be most beneficial to drivers. The systems (functions) of interest were navigation, vehicle monitoring, traffic information, road-hazard warning, communications, motorist services, in-car signing, office functions, and entertainment. Features and information elements of these systems were identified and rated on three dimensions: effect on accidents, impact on traffic operations, and driver needs and wants. Based on the ranking of features, information about slick roads, accidents, congestion, construction, blocked views, emergency vehicles, and tire and brake problems would be particularly beneficial.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130191963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Following completion of the Wide Area Vehicle Monitoring (WAVM) project which resulted in the successful introduction of a Canadian satellite-based vehicle message communications and location system, known as Road KIT commercially, for use by the trucking industry, a project was undertaken to investigate and plan for a highway environment information system for fleet management applications in Ontario. When real time highway information could be made available to the commercial fleets, fleet operators equipped with two-way communications and vehicle location system could then respond to adverse highway conditions by rescheduling the trip, or advising drivers to take alternate routes to avoid being caught in a congestion queue. The benefits would be increased transportation industry productivity and reduced congestion and incidents on the highway. This paper will describe the project background, the trucking industry and inter-city bus industry interests in highway information service, the trucking industry needs for highway information service, the type, frequency, and coverage of highway information required, results of a industry focus group discussion, the marketability of the highway information to the trucking industry, and the study conclusion.
{"title":"Highway environment information system interests and features survey","authors":"J. Tsai","doi":"10.4271/912743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912743","url":null,"abstract":"Following completion of the Wide Area Vehicle Monitoring (WAVM) project which resulted in the successful introduction of a Canadian satellite-based vehicle message communications and location system, known as Road KIT commercially, for use by the trucking industry, a project was undertaken to investigate and plan for a highway environment information system for fleet management applications in Ontario. When real time highway information could be made available to the commercial fleets, fleet operators equipped with two-way communications and vehicle location system could then respond to adverse highway conditions by rescheduling the trip, or advising drivers to take alternate routes to avoid being caught in a congestion queue. The benefits would be increased transportation industry productivity and reduced congestion and incidents on the highway. This paper will describe the project background, the trucking industry and inter-city bus industry interests in highway information service, the trucking industry needs for highway information service, the type, frequency, and coverage of highway information required, results of a industry focus group discussion, the marketability of the highway information to the trucking industry, and the study conclusion.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130720294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper describes telecommunication plants for tunnels, which can support multiple services in a wide frequency range of VHF and UHF bands. The illustrated systems have a structure employing such techniques as "grading" and signal optical transport, in order to reduce the number of line amplifiers per unit of tunnel length and the amplifier powers.
{"title":"Multiservice communications plants for long tunnels","authors":"A. Coraiola, G. Brambilla","doi":"10.4271/912843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912843","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper describes telecommunication plants for tunnels, which can support multiple services in a wide frequency range of VHF and UHF bands. The illustrated systems have a structure employing such techniques as \"grading\" and signal optical transport, in order to reduce the number of line amplifiers per unit of tunnel length and the amplifier powers.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125923369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper will present results from two sources; questionnaires conducted among drivers equipped with route guidance as part of the Berlin LISB trial and analysis of decisions made by users of the interactive route guidance simulator known as IGOR. The results from Berlin show a high level of commitment by participants in the trial but nevertheless show a general reduction in usage of the equipment over time. Adherence to advice is not high on regular journeys and reflects a low opinion of the quality of routes recommended by the system for such journeys. For finding new destinations or travelling in unfamiliar areas, opinions and usage are much higher. Overall driver behaviour has not been much influenced by LISB. Our surveys provide useful information on drivers' reasons for ignoring advice and their suggestions for system enhancement. The IGOR results provide strong quantitative evidence that acceptance of an item of advice is closely correlated with objective measures of its quality. It is also a function of the drivers' familiarity with the network, his previous experience of the reliability of advice and the degree of corroboration of advice by "external" evidence such as the orientation of the advice route relative to the destination, the absence of congestion and the behaviour of other drivers.
{"title":"Driver compliance with route guidance advice: The evidence and its implications","authors":"Peter W Bonsall, M. Joint","doi":"10.4271/912733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912733","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will present results from two sources; questionnaires conducted among drivers equipped with route guidance as part of the Berlin LISB trial and analysis of decisions made by users of the interactive route guidance simulator known as IGOR. The results from Berlin show a high level of commitment by participants in the trial but nevertheless show a general reduction in usage of the equipment over time. Adherence to advice is not high on regular journeys and reflects a low opinion of the quality of routes recommended by the system for such journeys. For finding new destinations or travelling in unfamiliar areas, opinions and usage are much higher. Overall driver behaviour has not been much influenced by LISB. Our surveys provide useful information on drivers' reasons for ignoring advice and their suggestions for system enhancement. The IGOR results provide strong quantitative evidence that acceptance of an item of advice is closely correlated with objective measures of its quality. It is also a function of the drivers' familiarity with the network, his previous experience of the reliability of advice and the degree of corroboration of advice by \"external\" evidence such as the orientation of the advice route relative to the destination, the absence of congestion and the behaviour of other drivers.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125243549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The image processing technology using ITV cameras has been developed as a new type of sensor which can be used for many purposes. Especially, it is hopeful that the improvement of the traffic flow measuring system applying this technology can increase safety in tunnels on expressways. In this paper, we describe about the results of the development of this technology until present. And, the prospect in the future.
{"title":"In-tunnel traffic flow measuring system using ITV cameras","authors":"Kenichi Yoshino, Masahiro Miyahara, Kunio Sakai, Yoshiyuki Ito, Takao Negishi","doi":"10.4271/912770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912770","url":null,"abstract":"The image processing technology using ITV cameras has been developed as a new type of sensor which can be used for many purposes. Especially, it is hopeful that the improvement of the traffic flow measuring system applying this technology can increase safety in tunnels on expressways. In this paper, we describe about the results of the development of this technology until present. And, the prospect in the future.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121452405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A communication system that uses roadside beacons to broadcast road and traffic information and private messages to vehicles has been developed. The system, called Road/Automobile Communication System (RACS), was the result of a joint research project involving the Public Works Research Institute and 25 private-sector corporations. This paper contains an outline of RACS and of an onboard system developed by TOYOTA and presents the results of field tests conducted in the Tokyo area. The results not only verify the capability of the RACS system and the effectiveness of the in-vehicle equipment but also indicate the potential of such a beacon based network to improve traffic jam and driving safety whilst providing enhanced communication facilities without increasing radio-wave congestion.
{"title":"Automobile navigation system using individual communication beacon","authors":"H. Kanemitsu, T. Saito, J. Shima, Y. Tanaka","doi":"10.4271/912758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912758","url":null,"abstract":"A communication system that uses roadside beacons to broadcast road and traffic information and private messages to vehicles has been developed. The system, called Road/Automobile Communication System (RACS), was the result of a joint research project involving the Public Works Research Institute and 25 private-sector corporations. This paper contains an outline of RACS and of an onboard system developed by TOYOTA and presents the results of field tests conducted in the Tokyo area. The results not only verify the capability of the RACS system and the effectiveness of the in-vehicle equipment but also indicate the potential of such a beacon based network to improve traffic jam and driving safety whilst providing enhanced communication facilities without increasing radio-wave congestion.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130380770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kostas G Zografos, Christos Douligeris, John Haupt, Jim Jordan, Florida Power, Light Miami, Fl
A methodological framework for evaluating on board computer technology in emergency dispatch operations is presented. The proposed framework evaluates the effectiveness of Mobile Data Terminals (MDT) with regards to operational, human factors, economic, and technical implications. A case study related to the introduction of MDTs in the service restoration operations of a large electric utility company is presented. Preliminary results suggest that the proposed technology is technically feasible and operationally effective.
{"title":"A methodological framework for evaluating on board computer technology in emergency dispatch operations","authors":"Kostas G Zografos, Christos Douligeris, John Haupt, Jim Jordan, Florida Power, Light Miami, Fl","doi":"10.4271/912741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912741","url":null,"abstract":"A methodological framework for evaluating on board computer technology in emergency dispatch operations is presented. The proposed framework evaluates the effectiveness of Mobile Data Terminals (MDT) with regards to operational, human factors, economic, and technical implications. A case study related to the introduction of MDTs in the service restoration operations of a large electric utility company is presented. Preliminary results suggest that the proposed technology is technically feasible and operationally effective.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130411200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As one of the newly industrialized countries, Taiwan is moving rapidly toward modernization. Accompanying this high economic growth rate are serious traffic problems. Unfortunately, traditional TSM strategies do not help a lot, and a more advanced traffic management system, which is referred to as IVHS, is thus necessitated. A general description about recent progress for IVHS development in Taiwan is presented. Seven relevant research areas and/or significant on-going transportation projects are included. Based on the understanding of our research capability, four intercorrelated IVHS projects are suggested in the future research directions.
{"title":"Recent progress for intelligent vehicle/highway system development in Taiwan","authors":"H. Chen, C. Ho, Chi-Kang Lee","doi":"10.4271/912829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912829","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the newly industrialized countries, Taiwan is moving rapidly toward modernization. Accompanying this high economic growth rate are serious traffic problems. Unfortunately, traditional TSM strategies do not help a lot, and a more advanced traffic management system, which is referred to as IVHS, is thus necessitated. A general description about recent progress for IVHS development in Taiwan is presented. Seven relevant research areas and/or significant on-going transportation projects are included. Based on the understanding of our research capability, four intercorrelated IVHS projects are suggested in the future research directions.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130478792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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