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Toward Renewable Solar Energy Systems: Advances in Photocatalytic Green Hydrogen Production 迈向可再生太阳能系统:光催化绿色制氢的进展
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202400122
Pablo Jiménez-Calvo, Oleksandr Savateev, Katherine Villa, Mario J. Muñoz-Batista, Kazunari Domen
<p>Green hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) production is relevant to sustainable energy systems due to its potential to decarbonize various sectors and mitigate climate change. Our inspiration draws from nature.</p><p>In fact, plant life has been inspiring human innovation for centuries. Plants’ ability to convert solar energy into chemical energy, as well as their autonomous smart functioning, are key reasons for this inspiration. Natural photosynthesis remains the core focus in our quest to understand its mechanisms and apply its principles to artificial systems.</p><p>Artificial photosynthesis plays a crucial role in addressing global challenges related to energy sustainability and environmental conservation. By mimicking natural photosynthesis, it offers a promising avenue for renewable energy generation, notably through H<sub>2</sub> fuel production from water splitting. This technology provides clean energy and turns carbon dioxide into useful fuels and chemicals, cutting greenhouse gas emissions and fighting climate change. Moreover, it can transform agriculture by enabling simpler production of fertilizers and other compounds of interest. Thus, the development of more efficient artificial photosynthetic systems has the potential to help achieving carbon-neutrality.</p><p>This special issue (SI) entitled “<i>Toward Renewable Solar Energy Systems: Advances in Photocatalytic Green Hydrogen Production</i>” was guest edited by Pablo Jiménez Calvo, Oleksandr Savateev, Katherine Villa, Mario J. Muñoz-Batista, and Kazunari Domen. The aim and scope of this SI are to offer an updated overview of recent advances in various aspects of H<sub>2</sub> technology: materials, devices, and technological innovations, thereby advancing toward the goal of a circular economy based on sustainable energy systems. The contributions comprise a diverse range of research, reviews, and perspective articles, centered in the green H<sub>2</sub> production theme.<sup>[</sup><span><sup>1</sup></span><sup>]</sup></p><p>This SI aims to address several key objectives in the field of H<sub>2</sub> production employing different technologies driven by artificial solar-light as an energy source. First, it focuses on the development and design of innovative materials and systems geared toward enhancing the efficiency of H<sub>2</sub> generation through mainly photocatalysis, in lesser extent through photoelectrocatalysis and photoreforming. Second, some studies delve into the complexities surrounding the scaling up of photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> production, examining both the challenges and opportunities in transitioning from laboratory to pilot devices. Third, the reviews scrutinize the value chain and direct photocatalytic conversion of green H<sub>2</sub> into high added-value chemicals, as a solar to chemical strategy to diversify the utilization of H<sub>2</sub>.</p><p>The contributions offer diverse viewpoints from researchers across Latin America, Europe, and Asia, who are estab
[4]这项工作展示了光催化如何塑造能源供应的未来,作为中间分子的重要生产者,光催化有可能将化学工业转变为低碳和净零排放的工业。同样,Garcia-Navarro 等人对 H2 的生产、储存、分配和消费进行了分析,为解决现有瓶颈问题提供了全面的路线图 (https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202300073)。然而,H2 的竞争力取决于其单位质量的价格,预计一旦达到 2 美元/千克,就会被广泛接受。在能源领域,H2 被视为发电、供热和供电的核心清洁能源。虽然 H2 价值链的相互关联性已得到明确界定,但储存和分配却落后于生产的进步。因此,基础设施开发、流动性、电池技术和分散式电站仍是讨论的主要议题。本综述重点关注绿色 H2,即利用水、阳光和可再生能源发电。有三种技术符合这一标准:光催化和光电化学水分离,以及不同效率的光伏与电解相结合。具体来说,电解槽电路中常见的 H2 生产方法有碱性、质子交换膜和固体氧化物电解槽。截至 2020 年,全球电解槽生产能力为每年 20 兆瓦,欧洲的目标是到 2030 年达到 8 千兆瓦。需要认真分析当前产能与未来目标之间的差距,以便为集体行动提供信息。总之,光催化技术具有彻底改变能源行业的潜力,但需要提高效率以及光催化材料在长期反应中的稳定性。随着从化石燃料向太阳能燃料过渡的势头增强,主要利益相关者可以提出战略并实施明智的技术解决方案。因此,光催化技术有机会提高其技术准备水平,并在不久的将来成为一种可行、高效、清洁和可持续的能源解决方案。最后,绿色 H2 生产可以减少对进口化石燃料的依赖,从而促进能源独立和安全。绿色 H2 生产还能带来新的经济机遇,在可再生能源领域创造就业机会并刺激创新。总之,绿色 H2 生产是向低碳经济过渡和实现全球气候目标的关键。
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引用次数: 0
Chemical Textures on Rare Earth Carbonates: An Experimental Approach to Mimic the Formation of Bastnäsite 稀土碳酸盐的化学纹理:模拟重晶石形成的实验方法
IF 4.4 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202400074
Melanie Maddin, Remi Rateau, Adrienn Maria Szucs, Luca Terribili, Brendan Hoare, Paul C. Guyett, Juan Diego Rodriguez-Blanco

The interaction between multi-component rare earth element (REE) aqueous solutions and carbonate grains (dolomite, aragonite, and calcite) are studied at hydrothermal conditions (21–210 °C). The effect of ionic radii of five REEs (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Dy) on solid formation are analyzed using two solution types: equal REE concentrations and concentrations normalized to Post Archean Australian Shale Standard (PAAS). The interaction replaces the host Ca–Mg carbonate grains with a series of REE minerals (lanthanite → kozoite → bastnäsite → cerianite). At 165 °C, equal concentration solutions promote kozoite crystallization, maintaining similar REE ratios in solids and solution. PAAS solutions result in zoned REE-bearing crystals with heterogeneous elemental distributions and discreet REE phases (e.g., cerianite). Chemical signatures indicate metastable REE-bearing phases transforming into more stable polymorphs, along with symplectite textures formed by adjacent phase reactions. Overall, experiments highlight the dependence of polymorph selection, crystallization pathway, mineral formation kinetics, and chemical texture on REE concentrations, ionic radii, temperature, time, and host grain solubility.

研究了热液条件(21-210 °C)下多组分稀土元素(REE)水溶液与碳酸盐颗粒(白云石、文石和方解石)之间的相互作用。使用两种溶液类型分析了五种稀土元素(La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Dy)的离子半径对固体形成的影响:稀土元素浓度相等和浓度归一化为后阿尔川澳大利亚页岩标准(PAAS)。相互作用用一系列 REE 矿物(镧铈镧矿→珂罗版岩→姥辉石→铈镧矿)取代了主 Ca-Mg 碳酸盐颗粒。在 165 °C时,等浓度溶液可促进安山岩结晶,保持固体和溶液中相似的REE比率。PAAS 溶液会产生带状含 REE 晶体,具有异质元素分布和不均匀的 REE 相(例如铈镧矿)。化学特征表明,可转移的含 REE 相正在转变为更稳定的多晶体,同时相邻相反应形成了共闪石纹理。总之,实验强调了多晶体选择、结晶途径、矿物形成动力学和化学纹理对 REE 浓度、离子半径、温度、时间和主晶粒溶解度的依赖性。
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引用次数: 0
Repurposing Sewage and Toilet Systems: Environmental, Public Health, and Person-Centered Healthcare Applications 污水和厕所系统的再利用:环境、公共卫生和以人为本的医疗保健应用
IF 4.4 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300358
Defne Yigci, Joseph Bonventre, Aydogan Ozcan, Savas Tasoglu

Global terrestrial water supplies are rapidly depleting due to the consequences of climate change. Water scarcity results in an inevitable compromise of safe hygiene and sanitation practices, leading to the transmission of water-borne infectious diseases, and the preventable deaths of over 800.000 people each year. Moreover, almost 500 million people lack access to toilets and sanitation systems. Ecosystems are estimated to be contaminated by 6.2 million tons of nitrogenous products from human wastewater management practices. It is therefore imperative to transform toilet and sewage systems to promote equitable access to water and sanitation, improve public health, conserve water, and protect ecosystems. Here, the integration of emerging technologies in toilet and sewage networks to repurpose toilet and wastewater systems is reviewed. Potential applications of these systems to develop sustainable solutions to environmental challenges, promote public health, and advance person-centered healthcare are discussed.

由于气候变化的后果,全球陆地供水正在迅速枯竭。缺水导致安全的个人卫生和环境卫生习惯不可避免地受到破坏,从而导致水媒传染病的传播,每年造成 80 多万人在可预防的情况下死亡。此外,近 5 亿人没有厕所和卫生系统。据估计,人类废水管理方法产生的 620 万吨含氮产品污染了生态系统。因此,当务之急是改造厕所和污水处理系统,以促进公平获得水和卫生设施,改善公众健康,节约用水,保护生态系统。在此,将对新兴技术与厕所和污水网络的整合进行回顾,以重新利用厕所和污水系统。讨论了这些系统的潜在应用,以制定应对环境挑战的可持续解决方案,促进公共卫生,推进以人为本的医疗保健。
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引用次数: 0
Harnessing the Power of Light: The Synergistic Effects of Crystalline Carbon Nitride and Ti3C2Tx MXene in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production 利用光的力量:氮化碳晶体和 Ti3C2Tx MXene 在光催化制氢中的协同效应
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300235
Khai Jie Wong, Joel Jie Foo, Tan Ji Siang, Valerine Khoo, Wee-Jun Ong

Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is an environmentally friendly means of energy generation. Although g-C3N4 possesses fascinating features, its inherent shortcomings limit its photocatalytic applications. Therefore, modifying the intrinsic properties of g-C3N4 and introducing cocatalysts are essential to ameliorate the photocatalytic efficiency. To achieve this, metal-like Ti3C2Tx is integrated with crystalline g-C3N4 via a combined salt-assisted and freeze-drying approach to form crystalline g-C3N4/Ti3C2Tx (CCN/TCT) hybrids with different Ti3C2Tx loading amounts (0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 wt.%). Benefiting from the crystallization of CN, as evidenced by the XRD graph, and the marvelous conductivity of Ti3C2Tx supported by EIS plots, CCN/TCT/Pt loaded with 0.5 wt.% Ti3C2Tx displays an elevated H2 (2) should be subscripted evolution rate of 2651.93 µmol g−1 h−1 and a high apparent quantum efficiency of 7.26% (420 nm), outperforming CN/Pt, CCN/Pt, and other CCN/TCT/Pt hybrids. The enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of the highly crystalline structure of CCN that enables fleet charge transport and the efficient dual cocatalysts, Ti3C2Tx and Pt, that foster charge separation and provide plentiful active sites. This work demonstrates the potential of CCN/TCT as a promising material for hydrogen production, suggesting a significant advancement in the design of CCN heterostructures for effective photocatalytic systems.

光催化氢进化是一种环保的能源生产方式。虽然 g-C3N4 具有迷人的特性,但其固有的缺陷限制了其光催化应用。因此,改变 g-C3N4 的固有特性并引入共催化剂对于提高光催化效率至关重要。为此,通过盐辅助和冷冻干燥相结合的方法,将类金属 Ti3C2Tx 与结晶 g-C3N4 结合在一起,形成不同 Ti3C2Tx 负载量(0、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1、5、10 wt.%)的结晶 g-C3N4/Ti3C2Tx 混合物(CCN/TCT)。得益于 XRD 图显示的 CN 结晶和 EIS 图显示的 Ti3C2Tx 神奇导电性,负载 0.5 wt.%的 Ti3C2Tx 显示出 2651.93 µmol g-1 h-1 的较高 H2(2)进化率和 7.26% 的较高表观量子效率(420 纳米),优于 CN/Pt、CCN/Pt 和其他 CCN/TCT/Pt 混合物。性能的提高归功于 CCN 的高结晶结构(可实现电荷传输)与高效双催化剂 Ti3C2Tx 和 Pt(可促进电荷分离并提供大量活性位点)的协同效应。这项工作证明了 CCN/TCT 作为一种有前途的制氢材料的潜力,表明在设计 CCN 异质结构用于有效的光催化系统方面取得了重大进展。
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引用次数: 0
Comment on “Sexism in Academia is Bad for Science and a Waste of Public Funding” 关于 "学术界的性别歧视不利于科学,浪费公共资金 "的评论
IF 4.4 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202400072
Leonie Barner

A recent comment by Boivin et al. urges academia and governments to address sexism and fight bias at higher education and research institutions as losing female academics is costing science and society too much. Herein, I discuss further underlying reasons of sexism in academia and the importance of a deep dive into the causes of inequity at individual faculty and school levels to develop bespoke and enforceable gender equity plans, the importance of not using basic statistic as the only tool to measure equity/inequity as well as how key performance indicators could be better used to advance gender equity and end sexism in academia.

Boivin 等人最近发表了一篇评论,敦促学术界和政府解决高等教育和研究机构中的性别歧视问题并消除偏见,因为女性学者的流失正在使科学和社会付出巨大代价。在此,我将进一步讨论学术界性别歧视的深层原因,以及深入研究个别教职员工和学校层面的不平等原因以制定定制和可执行的性别平等计划的重要性,不将基本统计数据作为衡量公平/不公平的唯一工具的重要性,以及如何更好地利用关键绩效指标来促进性别平等和消除学术界的性别歧视。
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引用次数: 0
How to Improve Sustainability in Fused Filament Fabrication (3D Printing) Research? 如何提高熔融丝制造(3D 打印)研究的可持续性?
IF 4.4 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300408
Cristiane Kalinke, Robert D. Crapnell, Paulo R. de Oliveira, Bruno C. Janegitz, Juliano A. Bonacin, Craig E. Banks

This review aims to provide an overview of sustainable approaches that can be incorporated into well-known procedures for the development of materials, pre- and post-treatments, modifications, and applications of 3D-printed objects, especially for fused filament fabrication (FFF). Different examples of conductive and non-conductive bespoke filaments using renewable biopolymers, bioplasticizers, and recycled materials are presented and discussed. The main final characteristics of the polymeric materials achieved according to the feedstock, preparation, extrusion, and treatments are also covered. In addition to recycling and remanufacturing, this review also explores other alternative approaches that can be adopted to enhance the sustainability of methods, aiming to produce efficient and environmentally friendly 3D printed products. Adjusting printing parameters and miniaturizing systems are also highlighted in this regard. All these recommended strategies are employed to minimize environmental damage, while also enabling the production of high-quality, economical materials and 3D printed systems. These efforts align with the principles of Green Chemistry, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), and Circular Economy concepts.

本综述旨在概述可持续方法,这些方法可纳入众所周知的三维打印对象(尤其是熔融长丝制造(FFF))的材料开发、前后处理、修改和应用程序。本文介绍并讨论了使用可再生生物聚合物、生物增塑剂和回收材料定制导电和非导电长丝的不同实例。此外,还介绍了根据原料、制备、挤压和处理实现的聚合物材料的主要最终特性。除回收和再制造外,本综述还探讨了其他可采用的替代方法,以提高方法的可持续性,从而生产出高效、环保的 3D 打印产品。调整打印参数和系统小型化也是这方面的重点。所有这些建议的策略都是为了最大限度地减少对环境的破坏,同时还能生产出优质、经济的材料和 3D 打印系统。这些努力符合绿色化学原则、可持续发展目标(SDGs)、3R(减少、再利用、再循环)和循环经济概念。
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引用次数: 0
Parameter Extraction of Single, Double, and Triple-Diode Photovoltaic Models Using the Weighted Leader Search Algorithm 使用加权领跑者搜索算法提取单、双和三二极管光伏模型的参数
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300355
İpek Çetinbaş

This study presents the parameter extraction of single, double, and triple-diode photovoltaic (PV) models using the weighted leader search algorithm (WLS). The primary objective is to develop models that accurately reflect the characteristics of PV devices so that technical and economic benefits are maximized under all constraints. For this purpose, 24 models, 6 for two different PV cells, and 18 for six PV modules, whose experimental data are publicly available, are developed successfully. The second objective of this research is the selection of the most suitable algorithm for this problem. It is a significant challenge since the evaluation process requires using advanced statistical tools and techniques to determine the reliable selection. Therefore, seven brand-new algorithms, including WLS, the spider wasp optimizer, the shrimp and goby association search, the reversible elementary cellular automata, the fennec fox optimization, the Kepler optimization, and the rime optimization algorithms, are tested. The WLS has yielded the smallest minimum, average, RMSE, and standard deviation among those. Its superiority is also verified by Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank test based on 144 pairwise comparisons. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that the WLS is a superior algorithm in PV parameter extraction for developing accurate models.

本研究介绍了使用加权领导者搜索算法(WLS)提取单、双和三二极管光伏(PV)模型参数的方法。主要目的是开发能准确反映光伏设备特性的模型,以便在所有约束条件下实现技术和经济效益最大化。为此,成功开发了 24 个模型,其中 6 个用于两种不同的光伏电池,18 个用于 6 个光伏组件,这些模型的实验数据都是公开的。本研究的第二个目标是为这一问题选择最合适的算法。这是一项重大挑战,因为评估过程需要使用先进的统计工具和技术来确定可靠的选择。因此,我们测试了七种全新的算法,包括 WLS、蜘蛛黄蜂优化器、虾虎联合搜索、可逆基本细胞自动机、狐狸优化、开普勒优化和 rime 优化算法。其中,WLS 的最小值、平均值、均方根误差和标准偏差都最小。基于 144 对比较的 Friedman 和 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验也验证了 WLS 的优越性。总之,WLS 在光伏参数提取方面是一种可用于开发精确模型的优越算法。
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引用次数: 0
Photoelectrocatalysis for Hydrogen Evolution Ventures into the World of Organic Synthesis 光电催化氢气进化进入有机合成世界
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202400012
Giuseppe Sportelli, Miriam Marchi, Paolo Fornasiero, Giacomo Filippini, Federico Franco, Michele Melchionna

The use of light as a catalytic prompt for the synthesis of industrial relevant compounds is widely explored in the past years, with a special consideration over the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, semiconductors for heterogeneous photocatalysis suffer from fast charge recombination and, consequently, low solar-to-hydrogen efficiency. These drawbacks can be mitigated by coupling photocatalysts with an external circuit that can physically separate the photogenerated charge carriers (electrons and holes). For this reason, photoelectrochemical (PEC) production of hydrogen is under the spotlight as promising green and sustainable technique and widely investigated in numerous publications. However, considering that a significant fraction of the hydrogen produced is used for reduction processes, the development of PEC devices for direct in situ hydrogenation can address the challenges associated with hydrogen storage and distribution. This Perspective aims at highlighting the fundamental aspects of HER from PEC systems, and how these can be harnessed toward the implementation of suitable settings for the hydrogenation of organic compounds of industrial value.

在过去几年中,利用光作为催化剂合成工业相关化合物的研究得到了广泛的探索,其中特别关注氢进化反应(HER)。然而,用于异相光催化的半导体存在电荷快速重组的问题,因此太阳能转化为氢气的效率较低。通过将光催化剂与外部电路耦合,使光生成的电荷载流子(电子和空穴)物理分离,可以减轻这些缺点。因此,光电化学(PEC)制氢技术作为一种前景广阔的绿色可持续技术备受关注,并在众多出版物中得到广泛研究。然而,考虑到所产生的氢有很大一部分用于还原过程,开发用于直接原位氢化的 PEC 设备可以解决与氢储存和分配相关的挑战。本视角旨在强调 PEC 系统产生的 HER 的基本方面,以及如何利用这些方面实现具有工业价值的有机化合物氢化的适当设置。
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引用次数: 0
Degradation of Orange G, Acid Blue 161, and Brillant Green Dyes Using UV Light-Activated GA–TiO2–Cd Composite 利用紫外光激活的 GA-TiO2-Cd 复合材料降解橙 G、酸性蓝 161 和艳绿染料
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300271
Derya Tekin, Derya Birhan, Taner Tekin, Hakan Kiziltas

In this study, photocatalysts with high photocatalytic activity performance are synthesized by synthesizing graphene aerogel-supported, cadmium-doped TiO2 composites by hydrothermal method for the effective degradation of organic dyes in wastewater. Here, GA–TiO2–Cd is investigated as a photocatalyst for the degradation of toxic dyes named Orange G, Acid Blue 161, and Brilliant Green in the UV part of the light spectrum. As a result of the experiments, it is observed that the effective decomposition of organic dyes is due to graphene aerogel (GA) and cadmium-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. The results show that for 20 ppm solutions of Orange G, Acid Blue 161, and Brilliant Green, dyes are removed at approximately 81.075%, 84.15%, and 95.18% in 120 min. The morphology and elemental analysis of the synthesized composites are determined using SEM-EDS, crystal structure analysis by XRD, chemical bond analysis by FTIR, optical properties by UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry, and thermal resistance by TGA analysis.

本研究采用水热法合成了石墨烯气凝胶支撑的掺镉 TiO2 复合材料,从而合成了具有高光催化活性的光催化剂,用于有效降解废水中的有机染料。本文研究了 GA-TiO2-Cd 作为光催化剂在紫外光谱下降解有毒染料橙 G、酸性蓝 161 和艳绿的情况。实验结果表明,石墨烯气凝胶(GA)和掺杂镉的 TiO2 纳米粒子能有效分解有机染料。结果表明,对于 20 ppm 的橙 G、酸性蓝 161 和亮绿溶液,120 分钟内染料的去除率分别约为 81.075%、84.15% 和 95.18%。合成复合材料的形貌和元素分析采用 SEM-EDS、晶体结构分析采用 XRD、化学键分析采用 FTIR、光学性质采用 UV-Vis-NIR 分光光度法,热阻分析采用 TGA。
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引用次数: 0
Boosting Water Retention in Agriculture: Vine Biochar-Doped Hydrogels' Swelling and Germination Effects 提高农业的保水性:藤蔓生物炭掺杂水凝胶的膨胀和发芽效应
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300254
Yağmur Uysal, Zeynep Görkem Doğaroğlu, Mehmet Nuri Makas, Zehranur Çaylali

Water scarcity presents a formidable challenge to agriculture, particularly in arid, semiarid, and rainfed settings. In agricultural contexts, hydrogels serve as granular agents for water retention, undergoing considerable expansion upon water exposure. They assume versatile roles encompassing soil-water retention, the dispensation of nutrients and pesticides, seed encapsulation, erosion mitigation, and even food supplementation. This study's objective involves the examination of biochar-infused hydrogels, fashioned by incorporating vine pruning waste-derived biochars, and the assessment of swelling behaviors in various aqueous environments encompassing deionized, tap, and saline water at concentrations of 0.5–1%. Characterizations of the vine-biochars-VB and biochar-incorporated hydrogels-VBHG are executed, with particular attention to their swelling properties across diverse media. As an initial step toward appraising their agricultural relevance, these hydrogels are introduced to a germination medium featuring wheat seeds to discern potential influences on germination dynamics. The maximum swelling capacity of VBHG is recorded in deionized water, tap water at pH 7.0, tap water at pH 9.0, saline water at 0.5%, and saline water at 1%, reaching 352%, 207%, 230%, 522%, and 549%, respectively. Remarkably, the 0.5% VBHG treatment exhibits the most pronounced root elongation. The application of hydrogels in agriculture exhibits promise, particularly within drought-related contexts and potential soilless applications.

缺水给农业带来了严峻的挑战,尤其是在干旱、半干旱和雨水充沛的环境中。在农业环境中,水凝胶是一种颗粒状的保水剂,遇水后会发生很大的膨胀。水凝胶的作用多种多样,包括保持土壤水分、分配养分和杀虫剂、封装种子、减少水土流失,甚至补充食物。本研究的目标是通过加入从葡萄树修剪废料中提取的生物炭,研究生物炭注入水凝胶,并评估其在各种水环境中的膨胀行为,包括浓度为 0.5-1% 的去离子水、自来水和盐水。对葡萄藤生物炭-VB 和生物炭融入水凝胶-VBHG 进行了表征,尤其关注它们在不同介质中的溶胀特性。作为评估其农业相关性的第一步,这些水凝胶被引入到以小麦种子为特征的发芽培养基中,以鉴别其对发芽动力学的潜在影响。VBHG 在去离子水、pH 值为 7.0 的自来水、pH 值为 9.0 的自来水、0.5% 的盐水和 1% 的盐水中的最大膨胀能力分别达到了 352%、207%、230%、522% 和 549%。值得注意的是,0.5% VBHG 处理的根系伸长最明显。水凝胶在农业中的应用前景广阔,尤其是在与干旱相关的情况下和潜在的无土栽培应用中。
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引用次数: 0
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Global Challenges
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