This research examines how personal time management relates to successful course completion or dropping-out from a high intensity building information modelling (BIM) e-learning course. The course has been developed during 2017-2018 and uses peer instruction to engage students with the intention of improving their performance. Students' activity data were captured and analysed according to their study groups and suggested study module completion dates. The findings suggest that distance learners had a higher drop-out rate than study program students and that lagging the suggested study module completion dates did not necessarily lead to dropping-out. This paper represents a first step in ongoing research to understand the effectiveness of peer instruction in high intensity BIM courses.
{"title":"Investigating the drop-out rate from a BIM for infrastructure course","authors":"R. Puust, E. Witt, I. Lill, R. Liias","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.149","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines how personal time management relates to successful course completion or dropping-out from a high intensity building information modelling (BIM) e-learning course. The course has been developed during 2017-2018 and uses peer instruction to engage students with the intention of improving their performance. Students' activity data were captured and analysed according to their study groups and suggested study module completion dates. The findings suggest that distance learners had a higher drop-out rate than study program students and that lagging the suggested study module completion dates did not necessarily lead to dropping-out. This paper represents a first step in ongoing research to understand the effectiveness of peer instruction in high intensity BIM courses.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127092624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In modular and offsite construction, structural components are prefabricated in a fabrication shop resembling a manufacturing plant in order to accelerate field construction processes. However, the dynamic nature of such fabrication operations often demands frequent adjustments to original production plans so as to fit actual project start-finish schedules in terms of completion dates and budgets and accommodate changes in design details. It is a daunting task to minimize disruptions to ongoing workflows while realizing high efficiency in utilization of shop production resources. In reality, such situations constantly press production manages to take prompt decisions without having analytical decision support in exploring available options, potentially resulting in loss of productivity on the shop floor and missed deadlines. This research introduces a structured approach to communicating shop-floor operations simulation at various management levels. The paper focuses on the representation of project schedules and production plans resulting from simulation in straightforward, role-specific “bar charts”. The applicability of the proposed approach is demonstrated with a case in the setting of a steel girder fabrication shop.
{"title":"Planning and scheduling bridge girders fabrication through shop-floor operations simulation","authors":"M. Hasan, Ming Lu","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.162","url":null,"abstract":"In modular and offsite construction, structural components are prefabricated in a fabrication shop resembling a manufacturing plant in order to accelerate field construction processes. However, the dynamic nature of such fabrication operations often demands frequent adjustments to original production plans so as to fit actual project start-finish schedules in terms of completion dates and budgets and accommodate changes in design details. It is a daunting task to minimize disruptions to ongoing workflows while realizing high efficiency in utilization of shop production resources. In reality, such situations constantly press production manages to take prompt decisions without having analytical decision support in exploring available options, potentially resulting in loss of productivity on the shop floor and missed deadlines. This research introduces a structured approach to communicating shop-floor operations simulation at various management levels. The paper focuses on the representation of project schedules and production plans resulting from simulation in straightforward, role-specific “bar charts”. The applicability of the proposed approach is demonstrated with a case in the setting of a steel girder fabrication shop.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123477383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Accurate building energy performance simulation model generation from IFC data files require the input IFC data to be correct and complete. To ensure such data quality conditions, methods integrating IFC data correctness and completeness checks, under a common architecture, are introduced. IFC data correctness is supported by the use of a dedicated geometric error detection tool, which identifies and reports back to the building designer, errors affecting the building's 2nd-level space boundary topology. IFC data completeness is performed by the use of a dedicated for building energy performance simulation Model View Definition schema. The quality checking results are reported in a BIM collaboration file format.
{"title":"An IFC data preparation workflow for building energy performance simulation","authors":"K. Katsigarakis, G. Giannakis, G. Lilis, D. Rovas","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.188","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate building energy performance simulation model generation from IFC data files require the input IFC data to be correct and complete. To ensure such data quality conditions, methods integrating IFC data correctness and completeness checks, under a common architecture, are introduced. IFC data correctness is supported by the use of a dedicated geometric error detection tool, which identifies and reports back to the building designer, errors affecting the building's 2nd-level space boundary topology. IFC data completeness is performed by the use of a dedicated for building energy performance simulation Model View Definition schema. The quality checking results are reported in a BIM collaboration file format.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114160890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on blockchain technology implementation within civil engineering has mainly focused on smart contracts, and interfaces with information systems. However, the use of blockchain for the integration of the material and economic flows within construction supply chain – thus creating a new business model – to enhance a construction project’s production, logistics management, and constructability, has not been investigated. In this paper, this shortage is documented through a comprehensive literature review. Then, the potential of Swedish independent third-party logistics consultants as a fertile ground for such a business model, is examined. Finally, conclusions about the pursuance of this potential paradigm shift are drawn.
{"title":"Blockchain in construction logistics: state-of-art, constructability, and the advent of a new digital business model in Sweden","authors":"Dimosthenis Kifokeris, C. Koch","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.163","url":null,"abstract":"Research on blockchain technology implementation within civil engineering has mainly focused on smart contracts, and interfaces with information systems. However, the use of blockchain for the integration of the material and economic flows within construction supply chain – thus creating a new business model – to enhance a construction project’s production, logistics management, and constructability, has not been investigated. In this paper, this shortage is documented through a comprehensive literature review. Then, the potential of Swedish independent third-party logistics consultants as a fertile ground for such a business model, is examined. Finally, conclusions about the pursuance of this potential paradigm shift are drawn.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123360719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research includes answers from 324 main contractor representatives and 256 clients for a survey in Sweden, 2014. The literature review covers project management success in construction projects. A statistical correlation method is used to select the features that are strongly correlated with three performance indicators: cost variance, time variance and client- and contractor satisfaction. A linear regression prediction model is presented. The conclusion is an identification of the most correlating factors to project performance, and that human related factors in the project life cycle have higher impact on project success than the external factors and technical aspects of buildings.
{"title":"Sorting things out? Machine learning in complex construction projects","authors":"May Shayboun, C. Koch","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.161","url":null,"abstract":"This research includes answers from 324 main contractor representatives and 256 clients for a survey in Sweden, 2014. The literature review covers project management success in construction projects. A statistical correlation method is used to select the features that are strongly correlated with three performance indicators: cost variance, time variance and client- and contractor satisfaction. A linear regression prediction model is presented. The conclusion is an identification of the most correlating factors to project performance, and that human related factors in the project life cycle have higher impact on project success than the external factors and technical aspects of buildings.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131501929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of cold-formed steel (CFS) members in construction have increased significantly due to the recent advances in cold-formed steel research and the developed design guidelines. CFS construction provides affordable, light, efficient, and resilient building systems. CFS members are obtained by forming thin steel sheets into several different cross- sections. Due to transportation, installation, and even production, geometrical imperfections may occur on the thin steel sheets that form the CFS members. These geometrical imperfections affect the predicted physical response of CFS members. Thus, in order to efficiently compute the physical response of a CFS member, it is necessary to determine the geometric imperfections and investigate their effect on the member behavior. In this paper, a low cost methodology for extracting the 3D surface data of CFS members from 2D images that could be later used for geometric imperfection extraction is proposed.
{"title":"Image-based 3D surface reconstruction of cold-formed steel c-sections","authors":"B. G. Erkal","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.181","url":null,"abstract":"The use of cold-formed steel (CFS) members in construction have increased significantly due to the recent advances in cold-formed steel research and the developed design guidelines. CFS construction provides affordable, light, efficient, and resilient building systems. CFS members are obtained by forming thin steel sheets into several different cross- sections. Due to transportation, installation, and even production, geometrical imperfections may occur on the thin steel sheets that form the CFS members. These geometrical imperfections affect the predicted physical response of CFS members. Thus, in order to efficiently compute the physical response of a CFS member, it is necessary to determine the geometric imperfections and investigate their effect on the member behavior. In this paper, a low cost methodology for extracting the 3D surface data of CFS members from 2D images that could be later used for geometric imperfection extraction is proposed.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132735892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, the building process shows a low success rate in terms of reliance of imposed time and cost forecasting. The causes are multiple: the lack of collaboration between the actors, the use of tools not suitable for managing the complexity of the contemporary building, the fragmentation of the market and an overall technological delay in production techniques, still linked to a "craft" vision of the building or anchored to a vision of the industrial system of the second or third industrial revolution. These are just some of the lacks affecting the construction chain which, since 2008, has been experiencing a continuous haemorrhage of revenues and personnel (Marchesini, 2016). In order to solve the numerous practical problems of design, architects, like all the process actors, iteratively seek appropriate solutions, which can be implemented according to the available resources (Roewe, 1987). In these conditions, it is essential to systematize information and knowledge about the building organization in a consistent manner, considering that, in the advancement of the various design phases, there may be different types, some due to its own peculiarities that lead to problems such as:
{"title":"Manage the complexity of archectural deisgn through the proactive design paradigm","authors":"G. Novembri, F. Rossini, A. Fioravanti","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.233","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the building process shows a low success rate in terms of reliance of imposed time and cost forecasting. The causes are multiple: the lack of collaboration between the actors, the use of tools not suitable for managing the complexity of the contemporary building, the fragmentation of the market and an overall technological delay in production techniques, still linked to a \"craft\" vision of the building or anchored to a vision of the industrial system of the second or third industrial revolution. These are just some of the lacks affecting the construction chain which, since 2008, has been experiencing a continuous haemorrhage of revenues and personnel (Marchesini, 2016). In order to solve the numerous practical problems of design, architects, like all the process actors, iteratively seek appropriate solutions, which can be implemented according to the available resources (Roewe, 1987). In these conditions, it is essential to systematize information and knowledge about the building organization in a consistent manner, considering that, in the advancement of the various design phases, there may be different types, some due to its own peculiarities that lead to problems such as:","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123467632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pierre Bourreau, R. Chbeir, Yudith Cardinale, Aitor Corchero, Jérôme Lafréchoux, David Frédérique, Khouloud Salameh, G. Calis, Rafael Constantinou, Lara Kallab
In the era of new technologies and with the growing need for reliable ecological energy supplies, researchers eyes are diverted towards reducing the energy consumption of buildings which becomes a major concern that requires a variety of actors being involved (e.g., building owners, energy/facility managers, occupants, data scientist), who have different expertise and need to use different tools This paper introduces BEMServer, an open source Build- ing Energy Management system solution built to ease the integration of data analytic and visualization services into building and energy domain applications. It handles heterogeneous data in a transparent way by providing a clear and unambiguous semantic representation of the modeled resources. To do so, BEMServer integrates the OntoH2G formal ontology at its core. The architecture of BEM- Server, the design and use of OntoH2G in the solution, as well as the suitability of BEMServer as a middleware in the H2020 project Hit2Gap are described
{"title":"BEMServer: An Open Source Platform for Building Energy Performance Management","authors":"Pierre Bourreau, R. Chbeir, Yudith Cardinale, Aitor Corchero, Jérôme Lafréchoux, David Frédérique, Khouloud Salameh, G. Calis, Rafael Constantinou, Lara Kallab","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.176","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of new technologies and with the growing need for reliable ecological energy supplies, researchers eyes are diverted towards reducing the energy consumption of buildings which becomes a major concern that requires a variety of actors being involved (e.g., building owners, energy/facility managers, occupants, data scientist), who have different expertise and need to use different tools\u0000 This paper introduces BEMServer, an open source Build- ing Energy Management system solution built to ease the integration of data analytic and visualization services into building and energy domain applications. It handles heterogeneous data in a transparent way by providing a clear and unambiguous semantic representation of the modeled resources. To do so, BEMServer integrates the OntoH2G formal ontology at its core. The architecture of BEM- Server, the design and use of OntoH2G in the solution, as well as the suitability of BEMServer as a middleware in the H2020 project Hit2Gap are described","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115950262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fawaz Alshehri, C. Hoare, Usman Ali, M. Shamsi, P. Kenny, James O’Donnell
At the early design stage of construction projects, designers often rely on general rules of thumb to make critical decisions about the geometry, construction systems and materials used in their designs without fully evaluating their effects on indoor thermal environment requirements and constraints. Currently, reviewing designs’ sustainability requires that designers spend a significant amount of time manually extracting Thermal Comfort (TC) data from BIM models. Data extraction for Building Thermal Comfort Simulation (BTCS) assessment presents a challenging task, especially in large and complex projects, in which designers may neglect important data pertinent to, or extract unnecessary data from, their designs. This paper is motivated by the absence of a standard method and a schema for extracting the necessary data for an automated TC assessment of building designs. The aim to generate a reusable and retrievable Exchange Requirement's for BIM-based BTCS to facilitate efficient data extraction and exchanges from design models using an IFC file format. Furthermore, we develop an MVD mechanism that provides a structured framework for the definition and exchange of the target data as a step towards standardisation and production of BTCS related information, the results from which contribute to a proposed MVD. The application of the MVD in building design has the potential to improve the early-stage TC assessment of design alternatives. Further, it could reduce the time required to conduct the assessment, increases its accuracy, and formalises the method used.
{"title":"Extending IFC to support thermal comfort prediction during design","authors":"Fawaz Alshehri, C. Hoare, Usman Ali, M. Shamsi, P. Kenny, James O’Donnell","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.203","url":null,"abstract":"At the early design stage of construction projects, designers often rely on general rules of thumb to make critical decisions about the geometry, construction systems and materials used in their designs without fully evaluating their effects on indoor thermal environment requirements and constraints. Currently, reviewing designs’ sustainability requires that designers spend a significant amount of time manually extracting Thermal Comfort (TC) data from BIM models. Data extraction for Building Thermal Comfort Simulation (BTCS) assessment presents a challenging task, especially in large and complex projects, in which designers may neglect important data pertinent to, or extract unnecessary data from, their designs.\u0000 This paper is motivated by the absence of a standard method and a schema for extracting the necessary data for an automated TC assessment of building designs. The aim to generate a reusable and retrievable Exchange Requirement's for BIM-based BTCS to facilitate efficient data extraction and exchanges from design models using an IFC file format. Furthermore, we develop an MVD mechanism that provides a structured framework for the definition and exchange of the target data as a step towards standardisation and production of BTCS related information, the results from which contribute to a proposed MVD. The application of the MVD in building design has the potential to improve the early-stage TC assessment of design alternatives. Further, it could reduce the time required to conduct the assessment, increases its accuracy, and formalises the method used.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131450969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Construction and the built environment sector has often be represented as being functionally unsustainable and inherently inefficient. External judgements are made on its poor financial stability, poor environmental performance and social failure. Internal assessments focus on poor satisfaction of client requirements, regulatory compliance and a failure to learn from recommendations and advisory material. This paper is intended to address the problem of failure to accumulate and apply knowledge systematically, leaving the sector dependant on tacit knowledge, experience and habits. There are plenty of research publication outlining compliance checking solutions based on labour-intensive programming of relatively specific problems, their accumulation into desktop tools (Solibri 1998 onwards) and one example of an integrated solution. The Singapore Governments ePlanCheck (1998-2004) system demonstrated that by bringing together regulatory domain experts, BIM schema experts and procedural coding skills, a solution was developed that accurately checked design proposals against the then current zoning, spatial and architectural building compliance regulations. The apparent success of this implementation led to optimism that other regulations regime could be addressed in the USA, Norway and UK. Successful proof-of-concepts were made for Scottish apartmentnoise performance regulations, and of delivering prioritised advice on mitigating the risk of falls for the UK Health and Safety Executive. The reality was that the solution failed to address two key success criteria: efficiency and acceptability. Requirements are specific to an individual project, and regulations are revised on a 2-5 yearly cycle. It would never be feasible to apply the three-party resources used in the Singapore project continuously to maintain, letalone extend, the scope. In the USA building code compliance is specified and administered at the level of 3000 independent counties. The acceptability of the results was also challenged in that there was no demonstrable connection between the authoritative text of the regulations and the results. Whilst other sectors, such a finance and medicine, are able to apply considerable resources to individual sub-problems, construction needs a generic approach so as to exploit the limited investment in process improvement and R&D effectively. Operable knowledge is the knowledge that can be used systematically to drive design and engineering development and to the verify compliance systematically. The knowledge gap is how to render knowledge operable.
{"title":"The Logic of knowledge","authors":"N. Nisbet","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.215","url":null,"abstract":"Construction and the built environment sector has often be represented as being functionally unsustainable and inherently inefficient. External judgements are made on its poor financial stability, poor environmental performance and social failure. Internal assessments focus on poor satisfaction of client requirements, regulatory compliance and a failure to learn from recommendations and advisory material. This paper is intended to address the problem of failure to accumulate and apply knowledge systematically, leaving the sector dependant on tacit knowledge, experience and habits. There are plenty of research publication outlining compliance checking solutions based on labour-intensive programming of relatively specific problems, their accumulation into desktop tools (Solibri 1998 onwards) and one example of an integrated solution. The Singapore Governments ePlanCheck (1998-2004) system demonstrated that by bringing together regulatory domain experts, BIM schema experts and procedural coding skills, a solution was developed that accurately checked design proposals against the then current zoning, spatial and architectural building compliance regulations. The apparent success of this implementation led to optimism that other regulations regime could be addressed in the USA, Norway and UK. Successful proof-of-concepts were made for Scottish apartmentnoise performance regulations, and of delivering prioritised advice on mitigating the risk of falls for the UK Health and Safety Executive. The reality was that the solution failed to address two key success criteria: efficiency and acceptability. Requirements are specific to an individual project, and regulations are revised on a 2-5 yearly cycle. It would never be feasible to apply the three-party resources used in the Singapore project continuously to maintain, letalone extend, the scope. In the USA building code compliance is specified and administered at the level of 3000 independent counties. The acceptability of the results was also challenged in that there was no demonstrable connection between the authoritative text of the regulations and the results. Whilst other sectors, such a finance and medicine, are able to apply considerable resources to individual sub-problems, construction needs a generic approach so as to exploit the limited investment in process improvement and R&D effectively. Operable knowledge is the knowledge that can be used systematically to drive design and engineering development and to the verify compliance systematically. The knowledge gap is how to render knowledge operable.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123853876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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