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Challenges in teaching English writing skills: Lessons learnt from Indonesian high school English language teachers 英语写作技巧教学的挑战:从印尼高中英语教师那里学到的经验
Pub Date : 2021-07-06 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v2i1.10632
Nurhardiyanti Adam, A. Abid, Yusna Bantulu
Writing skill, among the four target language skills, is one of the skills that language learners need to master. In teaching this skill, therefore, teachers should take any effort to help learners write using the language they learn correctly. However, in the context of teaching English in Indonesia, particularly the writing skill, teachers often face challenges. The study reported in this article seeks to identify the challenges experienced by several Indonesian English language teachers in teaching English writing skills at VHS, a vocational high school, in Gorontalo, Indonesia. The participants involved were all English language teachers working at the school. Data were collected using interview and observation, and analyzed by using a thematic analysis method. The findings showed that there were four themes describing the teachers’ challenges in teaching English writing skills. They were teaching technique-related challenges, teaching time-related challenges, linguistics-related challenges, and learning motivation-related challenges. Even though the teachers are able to cope with the challenges, they still need to explore more strategies in teaching, thus the teaching and learning process can run effectively.
在四种目标语言技能中,写作技能是语言学习者需要掌握的技能之一。因此,在教授这项技能时,教师应该尽一切努力帮助学习者正确地使用他们所学的语言写作。然而,在印尼的英语教学中,尤其是在写作技巧方面,教师经常面临挑战。本文所报道的研究旨在确定几位印度尼西亚英语教师在印度尼西亚Gorontalo的VHS(一所职业高中)教授英语写作技巧时所遇到的挑战。参与者都是在学校工作的英语教师。数据收集采用访谈法和观察法,数据分析采用专题分析法。调查结果显示,教师在英语写作技巧教学中面临的挑战有四个主题。这些挑战分别是与教学技巧相关的挑战、与教学时间相关的挑战、与语言相关的挑战和与学习动机相关的挑战。尽管教师能够应对这些挑战,但他们还需要在教学中探索更多的策略,从而使教与学的过程有效地进行。
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引用次数: 2
Metaphor in Students’ English Poems: A Psycholinguistic Analysis 学生英语诗歌中的隐喻:心理语言学分析
Pub Date : 2021-07-06 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v2i1.10181
A. Katili
This research is aimed at finding how the students of English Department of State University of Gorontalo perceive the thing as revealed in the metaphor they used in their English Poem and, as well, interpreting the metaphor. This research was designed in qualitative research methodology. The subject of research was the poems written by the students in 2010. It is found that the students used metaphor to express their feeling. The metaphor reflects the students’ perception of the reality categorized in semantic fields. In terms of the intended meaning of the metaphor, the researcher inferred the meaning by finding the metaphor predications based on the researcher knowledge of the predication.
本研究旨在了解哥隆塔洛州立大学英语系的学生在他们的英语诗歌中所使用的隐喻是如何感知事物的,以及如何解释隐喻。本研究采用质性研究方法。研究的主题是学生们在2010年写的诗。结果发现,学生在表达情感时多使用隐喻。隐喻反映了学生对现实在语义领域分类的感知。在隐喻的预期意义方面,研究者根据对隐喻谓词的了解,通过寻找隐喻谓词来推断隐喻的含义。
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引用次数: 0
Students’Ability in Reading TOEFL 学生阅读托福的能力
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v1i2.7288
Helena Badu
TOEFL is a standardized test which measures the students’ skill and ability in English. This test is one of the requirements for English Department students before they take the theses examination. Hence, the students must be prepared well before taking the test in order they can get the standard score of TOEFL as has been required by English study program. During the pre-observation, it has been found that many students of English study program still have difficulty in having the TOEFL test that it finally gives impact on their TOEFL scores. For this reason, this research is conducted as an effort to analyze and get information about the students’ ability in TOEFL test, especially in the reading test. This research is analyzed qualitatively by taking the English Department students as the participants. The data are collected by using two instruments; observation and documentation, and it analyzes through some steps such as identifying the result of students’ test and analyzing them to obtain the answer of the research question. This research analyzes the students’ ability in reading toefl refers to Philips’ theory in toefl reading skill. The result of this research shows that the students have a high percentage in find pronoun referents. While find definition from structural clues is the lowest one. Thus, the students and lecturers should pay more attention to the strategies in reading toefl and have more practice in doing the test.
托福是一项衡量学生英语技能和能力的标准化考试。这个测试是英语系学生参加论文考试前的要求之一。因此,学生们必须在考试前做好充分的准备,才能达到英语学习项目所要求的托福标准成绩。在预观察中,我们发现许多英语学习项目的学生在托福考试中仍然存在困难,这最终影响了他们的托福成绩。因此,本研究旨在分析和了解学生在托福考试中的能力,特别是阅读测试中的能力。本研究以英语系学生为研究对象进行定性分析。数据通过两种仪器收集;观察和文献资料,并通过识别学生的测试结果和分析等步骤进行分析,以获得研究问题的答案。本研究参照飞利浦的托福阅读技巧理论,分析了学生的托福阅读能力。本研究结果表明,学生发现代词指代物的比例较高。而从结构线索中找到定义是最低级的。因此,学生和讲师都应该更加注意阅读托福的策略,并在考试中进行更多的练习。
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引用次数: 1
The Character of Rip van Winkle: Representation of Disappearing Cultural Identity 瑞普·凡·温克尔的性格:消失的文化身份的表现
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v1i2.8465
M. Baga
Abstract ─ The purpose of this research is to explore how an ethnicity is represented in a story that has a historical setting and how this ethnic group was placed in American history. The short story of Washington Irving, "Rip Van Winkle", published in 1819, was very popular in America. This story was recycled in the form of stories for children, made into plays, etc. What Americans always remember about Rip Van Winkle character is his laziness. The story of "Rip Van Winkle" is traced through Stuart Hall's Representation theory. This theory states that representation can give meaning to an identity, and the New Historicism method is used to uncover that fictional stories are tied to the world that produced them. The result shows that Rip's character is a representation of Dutch ethnicity who felt losing their cultural identity. Rip's character in the story is a representation of Dutch New York ethnicity, and he was the main character in the story who was narrated as a lazy man. Thus, what always presents in America's memory is the lazy Dutch because of the representation of the character of Rip, but the other characters who were narrated less in the story are not remembered, even though they played a role in establishing America.
摘要:本研究的目的是探讨一个种族如何在一个具有历史背景的故事中表现出来,以及这个种族如何被置于美国历史中。华盛顿·欧文的短篇小说《瑞普·凡·温克尔》发表于1819年,在美国很受欢迎。这个故事被改编成儿童故事,或改编成话剧等。美国人对瑞普·凡·温克尔的印象是他的懒惰。《瑞普·凡·温克尔》的故事是通过斯图尔特·霍尔的再现理论来追溯的。这一理论指出,再现可以赋予身份以意义,而新历史主义方法则用来揭示虚构故事与产生它们的世界是联系在一起的。结果表明,瑞普的角色是荷兰种族的代表,他们感到失去了自己的文化身份。瑞普在故事中的角色是荷兰纽约种族的代表,他是故事的主角,被叙述为一个懒惰的人。因此,在美国人的记忆中,总是出现的是懒惰的荷兰人,因为瑞普这个人物的表现,而其他在故事中被叙述较少的人物却没有被记住,尽管他们在建立美国的过程中发挥了作用。
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引用次数: 0
Lexical Devices in Political Speech (A Study on Gorontalo Mayoral Election 2018) 政治演讲中的词汇手段(2018年哥伦塔洛市长选举研究)
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v1i2.7282
Sri Widyarti Ali
The use of language in political campaign speech is always interesting to be observed. It mostly contains language features which are intended to convince or persuade people to vote someone into power. Therefore, the language used in political speech has always attracted linguist’ attention to conduct the study of political discourse. This study is aimed to identify and analyze the lexical devices in political campaign speech delivered by the politicians in Gorontalo mayoral election 2018. The data of the lexical cohesive devices are analyzed based on the theory of lexical cohesion proposed by Halliday and Hasan in 1976. Halliday and Hasan have divided the lexical cohesion into two types; reiteration and collocation. Furthermore, the reiteration has four sub-types; repetition, synonym/near synonym, superordinate, and general word. The data identification reveals that the reiteration and the collocation are both found in the speeches. They are successfully used as the tools to deliver the speakers purposes and intentions. Hopefully, this study gives more knowledge and insight to others, especially to the language learners, about how the lexical devices are used in political speeches, and more importantly about how language plays its roles to make people get convinced and persuaded.
观察政治竞选演说中语言的使用总是很有趣的。它主要包含旨在说服或说服人们投票给某人掌权的语言特征。因此,政治话语中使用的语言一直是语言学家进行政治话语研究的关注对象。本研究旨在识别和分析2018年哥伦塔洛市长选举中政治家的政治竞选演讲中的词汇装置。根据韩礼德和哈桑1976年提出的词汇衔接理论,对词汇衔接手段的数据进行了分析。韩礼德和哈桑将词汇衔接分为两种类型;重复和搭配。此外,重申有四个子类型;重复,同义词/近义词,上级和一般词。数据识别表明,这些演讲中既有重复,也有搭配。它们被成功地用作传达演讲者目的和意图的工具。希望本研究能给其他人,特别是语言学习者提供更多关于词汇手段在政治演讲中是如何使用的知识和见解,更重要的是语言如何发挥其作用,使人们被说服和说服。
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引用次数: 0
Emotions Evoked from “Too Good at Goodbyes” Song by Sam Smith 从山姆·史密斯的“太擅长道别”歌曲中唤起的情感
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v1i2.7309
Febriana Aminatul Khusna, Sekar Lathifatul Aliyah
Music is one means to express the soul. Sad genre music is one of music with high emotional pressure. High emotional pressure allows triggering emotions in someone who hears it. According to Sloboda and Juslin (2001), the music can induce emotions in its listeners and is perceived by listeners as expressive of emotion. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of music with the sad genre for emotions from the song "Too Good at Goodbyes" by Sam Smith. In this study, the researchers found that the majority of respondents revealed that sad music can trigger emotions in the soul. Descriptive qualitative research with questionnaire methods was used in this study to obtain the valid data. Questionnaire was used in this research as an instrument of research to get the real data from the participants.
音乐是表达灵魂的一种方式。悲伤类型音乐是一种情绪压力较大的音乐。高情绪压力会触发听到它的人的情绪。根据Sloboda和Juslin(2001)的研究,音乐可以引起听者的情绪,并被听者视为情感的表达。本研究的目的是调查山姆·史密斯的歌曲《Too Good at goodbye》中的悲伤音乐对情绪的影响。在这项研究中,研究人员发现,大多数受访者透露,悲伤的音乐可以触发灵魂中的情绪。本研究采用描述性质性研究及问卷调查法,以取得有效资料。本研究采用问卷调查作为研究工具,从参与者那里获得真实的数据。
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引用次数: 0
English Department Students’ Anxiety in Interacting Orally with an English Native Speaker Lecturer 英语系学生与以英语为母语的讲师口头互动时的焦虑
Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v1i1.5791
Wini Aprilia
Anxiety has a debilitating effect on the oral interaction of English Department students with English native speaker (ENS) lecturer. Thus, the present study seeks to discover the perceived factors that cause anxiety among students in interacting with ENS lecturer in the classroom. Informed by a qualitative approach, data were collected mainly using group semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The study revealed that the English Department students reported four perceived factors, namely,; limited English proficiency, fear of being misunderstood, lack of self-confidence, and fear of negative evaluation. The study suggests that even though ENS has minor influence in students’ anxiety, it remains important for teacher and teacher educators to continuously encourage students to practice speaking English in and off classroom situation.
焦虑会削弱英语系学生与英语母语讲师的口语互动。因此,本研究旨在发现导致学生在课堂上与高等师范学院讲师互动时产生焦虑的感知因素。采用定性方法,主要使用小组半结构化访谈收集数据,并使用主题分析方法进行分析。研究发现,英语系学生报告了四个感知因素,即;英语水平有限,害怕被误解,缺乏自信,害怕负面评价。研究表明,尽管ENS对学生焦虑的影响较小,但对于教师和教师教育者来说,持续鼓励学生在课堂内外练习说英语仍然很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Critical Discourse Analysis on Teacher Talks in The Classroom Communication 课堂交际中教师话语的批判语篇分析
Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v1i1.5637
Hasanuddin Fatsah, A. Katili
The research objectives were at finding out how the teacher arranges her/his teacher talk in accordance with modification to teacher speech quantity of speech, explanation, question, and error correction. This research is designed in a qualitative research approach with an etnography of communication in which the researcher gathered data about verbal communication, relying on direct observation and audio-video recording. The subjects of research were the Indonesian people who used English in communication at classroom setting. In terms of teacher talk, it is found that teachers arranged their teacher talk in acordance with (1) modification to teacher speech when giving understanding, clarifying, and simplifying their speech for developing quality of teaching and learning process, (2) quantity of speech of the teachers was limited in order to give a maximum opportunity to students in the classroom communication, (3) explanation was done to give the students theoretical knowledge, (4) question was delivered to develop indepth content and teaching material, and (5) error correction was conducted to correct students’ error in any language usage and language use.
研究的目的是了解教师如何根据教师言语量的修改来安排他/她的教师言语、解释、提问和纠错。本研究采用定性研究方法,采用传播学的方法,研究人员通过直接观察和视听记录来收集有关口头传播的数据。研究对象为在课堂上使用英语进行交流的印尼人。在教师话语方面,我们发现教师在安排教师话语时,要遵循以下原则:(1)在理解、澄清和简化教师话语时对教师话语进行修饰,以提高教学质量;(2)限制教师的话语量,以最大限度地给学生在课堂上交流的机会;(3)进行解释,向学生传授理论知识;(4)提出问题,发展内容和教材的深度。(5)纠错,纠正学生在任何语言使用和语言运用上的错误。
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引用次数: 0
Student’s Learning Strategies in English Speaking Class 学生在英语口语课上的学习策略
Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v1i1.5636
Nonny Basalama, Indri Wirahmi Bay, Aprilia Abubakar
Speaking is the most essential skill that must be learned in acquiring a new language. It is important for the students to find the best learning strategies in order help them in learning the materials. However, it is necessary for the students to realize that there are many kinds of learning strategies that they may use during English speaking class. Therefore, this study aimed to elaborate on the kinds of students’ learning strategies in the English speaking class and to identify the factors that caused students to choose that learning strategy. The participants of this research were the students of English Department in the fourth semesters. The data were collected by using questionnaire and interview. The result shows that the students of English Department applied almost the learning strategies which provide on the metacognitive, cognitive, and socio-affective strategies while learning speaking. The most strategy used by students was note taking (51, 4%) and the least strategy was a translation (19, 6%). On the other hand, the strategy used by male students was cooperation (16, 8%) and there were (27, 1) female students who used self-evaluation as their strategy in learning speaking. Those learning strategies may be chosen depending on the students’ occasion and learning objectives.
说是学习一门新语言必须学习的最基本的技能。对于学生来说,找到最好的学习策略来帮助他们学习材料是很重要的。然而,有必要让学生意识到,在英语口语课上,他们可以使用多种学习策略。因此,本研究旨在阐述学生在英语口语课堂上的学习策略的种类,并找出导致学生选择学习策略的因素。本研究的对象为英语系四学期的学生。采用问卷调查法和访谈法收集数据。结果表明,英语系学生在口语学习过程中基本采用了元认知策略、认知策略和社会情感策略。学生使用最多的策略是记笔记(51.4%),最少的策略是翻译(19.6%)。另一方面,男生以合作为策略(16.8%),女生以自我评价为策略(27.1)。这些学习策略可以根据学生的场合和学习目标来选择。
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引用次数: 4
The Woman’s Images in William Wordsworth’s Poem 威廉·华兹华斯诗歌中的女性形象
Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.37905/jetl.v1i1.5363
M. Khairi
Literature and woman’s images have a strong relationship, particularly in poetry. Some poets use the women as the main object of their works. This study explored the woman’s images in some Wordsworth’s poems; She was a Phantom of Delight, The Solitary Reaper and To a Highland Girl. Those poems could be represented of his works because woman’s figure is so strong and observable in there. New Criticism is the approach which is used in analyzing those poems. Hence, the outcome of this study is the interpretation of woman’s illustration purely in the Wordsworth’s poems. Consequently, this research will utilize the descriptive qualitative research methodology. In data collecting, the research is collected based on the line(s) or stanza(s) which is/are contain the woman’s image figuratively and Imagery. 20 data are found as the result of this study. Therefore, the data is analyzed by using componential analysis to categorize figurative language or imagery. It is apportioned the data according to the theory of intrinsic element of poem. Furthermore, the exploration of the data finding is supported by the interpretation as one of the main points in this scrutiny. Therefore, the all data were substituted into 5 woman’s images categories. They are Mystery, Beauty, Independent, Great and Grace, and Loneliness which are mostly dominated by metaphor and visual imagery, where each of them from figurative language and imagery. This research is constructively developing the study of literature, particularly in poem matter. Moreover, further recommendation for collecting wider explanation is offered in the study.
文学与女性形象有着密切的关系,尤其是在诗歌中。有些诗人把女性作为他们作品的主要对象。本文探讨了华兹华斯诗歌中的女性形象;她是快乐的幻影,孤独的收割者和高地女孩。这些诗可以代表他的作品,因为那里的女性形象是如此强大和明显。新批评主义是用来分析这些诗歌的方法。因此,本文的研究结果是对华兹华斯诗歌中女性形象的纯粹阐释。因此,本研究将采用描述性质的研究方法。在数据收集方面,本研究是根据包含女性形象的行或节来收集的。本研究的结果是发现了20个数据。因此,数据分析采用成分分析法对比喻语言或意象进行分类。根据诗的内在要素理论对数据进行了分配。此外,数据发现的探索得到了解释的支持,作为这种审查的要点之一。因此,所有的数据被替换成5个女性的图像类别。它们分别是神秘、美丽、独立、伟大和优雅、孤独,它们大多以隐喻和视觉意象为主导,每一个都来自比喻语言和意象。这项研究建设性地发展了文学研究,特别是诗歌研究。此外,本研究还提出了进一步收集更广泛解释的建议。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Jambura Journal of English Teaching and Literature
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