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Improving College and University Teaching最新文献

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Easing into Energy Education 放松能源教育
Pub Date : 1983-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533803
S. A. Crawford
The competition for positions in higher education grows daily. People in some fields, such as teacher education, are more endangered than others, but all faculty need to establish their value to the institution. Assuming that faculty choose to remain in their role, suggestions have been made to stimulate their further professional development. Most of these depend on the very characteristic that faculty most value in students, initiative. Other ideas rely on administrative action or support; however, the primary burden is on the in dividual to discover new resources, to use existing in terests more effectively, and to develop new skills. Whatever their status, faculty today must be active in their own professional development as a means of self preservation, for there is no Humane Society for the Nurturing of Faculty as an Endangered Species.
高等教育岗位的竞争日益激烈。某些领域的人,比如教师教育,比其他领域的人更危险,但所有的教师都需要确立他们对机构的价值。假设教师选择留在他们的角色,建议已经提出,以刺激他们进一步的专业发展。其中大部分取决于教师最看重学生的特点——主动性。其他想法依赖于行政行为或支持;然而,个人的主要负担是发现新的资源,更有效地利用现有的利益,并发展新的技能。无论他们的地位如何,今天的教师都必须积极参与自己的专业发展,作为自我保护的一种手段,因为现在没有一个把教师培养成濒危物种的人道协会。
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引用次数: 0
Improving Instruction through Research 以研究促教学
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533788
J. Millman
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引用次数: 1
A Closed-Circuit Television Course in Criminal Law. 刑法闭路电视课程。
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533795
J. B. Porter
The University of Nebraska-Omaha criminal justic department has cou se , students, and faculty on its Omaha (UNO) and Lincoln (UNL) cam puses which are located approximately 50 miles apart. Special problems develop in dual-campus programs that do not generally occur in single-campus programs. Faculty tend to identify with "their" campus, which is detrimental to a unified and cohesive program. This "them and us" attitude is contagious to students. Students also do not obtain the maximum benefit from a multi-discipline faculty since they ordinarily take courses from faculty on their campus. Faculty occa sionally teach courses on both campuses as part of their regular teaching load, but this results in high transporta tion costs to the department and faculty resistance to the travel required. These concerns led me to develop a telecommunica tions project to learn about student attitudes toward interactive Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) courses. Favorable attitudes by learners might encourage faculty participation in CCTV courses. Eventually, the inter campus distance of faculty and students might be reduced. Thus, criminal law was taught simultaneously on CCTV to undergraduate classes in Omaha and Lincoln during the spring semester, 1981.
内布拉斯加大学奥马哈刑事司法系在奥马哈(UNO)和林肯(UNL)校区有课程、学生和教职员工,这两个校区相距约50英里。在双校区项目中出现的特殊问题在单校区项目中通常不会出现。教师倾向于认同“他们的”校园,这不利于一个统一和有凝聚力的项目。这种“他们和我们”的态度会传染给学生。学生也不能从多学科教师那里获得最大的好处,因为他们通常从学校的教师那里学习课程。教师偶尔会在两个校区授课,作为其常规教学负荷的一部分,但这导致了部门的高交通成本和教师对所需的旅行的抵制。这些担忧促使我开发了一个电信项目,以了解学生对互动闭路电视(CCTV)课程的态度。学习者的良好态度可能会鼓励教师参与CCTV课程。最终,教师和学生之间的校园距离可能会减少。因此,1981年春季学期,刑法在奥马哈和林肯的中央电视台同时教授给本科生。
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引用次数: 2
Getting Students Involved in Public Issues. 让学生参与公共事务。
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533793
S. Cramer
This study determined whether teaching strategies about cont oversial issues of housing were effective in developing public policy competencies and public participation (action, behavior). Policy education is a systematic study of timely, con troversial, public topics, which involve the use of resources and have implications for the general well being of the individual and the total society. It provides students with a framework for examining issues on a cost-benefit basis, and with an opportunity to become involved in affecting change. The emphasis shifts from the isolated study of facts to the impact of making choices and taking action. Students who become ac tively involved in issues of direct concern to them have the opportunity to understand and to affect the process of change. The method of resolving the issue can become as important as the issue itself and can represent a life-long skill. Technological, social, economic and political developments directly affect the lives of everyone. Government must be "the people's business." If not satisfied with existing policies, a citizen's responsibility is to observe, evaluate and work for change. Stanley
本研究确定了关于住房问题的教学策略在发展公共政策能力和公众参与(行动、行为)方面是否有效。政策教育是对及时的、有争议的、公共话题的系统研究,这些话题涉及资源的使用,并对个人和整个社会的普遍福祉产生影响。它为学生提供了一个在成本效益基础上审查问题的框架,并提供了参与影响变革的机会。重点从对事实的孤立研究转移到做出选择和采取行动的影响。积极参与与他们直接相关的问题的学生有机会理解和影响变革的过程。解决问题的方法可以变得和问题本身一样重要,并且可以代表一项终身技能。技术、社会、经济和政治的发展直接影响到每个人的生活。政府必须是“人民的事”。如果对现有的政策不满意,公民的责任就是观察、评估和为变革而努力。斯坦利
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引用次数: 1
Classroom Testing Procedures and Student Anxiety. 课堂考试程序与学生焦虑。
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533792
G. Barger
An attempt to reduce test anxiety was made by pro viding increased information to students a out the types of questions likely to appear on end-of-unit ex aminations. Two experimental testing formats, and a combination of the two, were compared with the typical practice of providing no supplemental information. The experimental formats were as follows: (1) During the class session prior to the test, a copy of a previous test, given to a class in an earlier semester but covering the same content, was given to each student. Students were told that similar, but not identical, questions could be expected on the upcoming test. (2) Students were of fered two opportunities to be tested over the same course unit at consecutive class sessions. They were re quired to take one, although they could take both, of the tests. Their score of record would be the better of the two scores on the tests. The tests contained com pletely different sets of questions, but did cover the same unit of study. Table 1 summarizes the testing design as it was employed over a full year's classes in Introductory Sociology. Each testing condition was used at least three times during the year. For example, the combination of experimental formats, (t)TT, was employed with Unit 1 for both of the Fall 1981 classes, with Unit 2 for the
为了减少考试焦虑,他们向学生提供了更多的信息,告诉他们期末考试中可能出现的问题类型。将两种实验测试格式以及两者的组合与不提供补充信息的典型做法进行比较。实验形式如下:(1)在测试前的课堂上,给每个学生一份上一学期的测试的副本,但内容相同。学生们被告知,在即将到来的考试中,可能会出现类似但不完全相同的问题。(2)学生有两次机会在同一课程单元的连续课堂上进行测试。他们被要求参加一项测试,尽管他们可以参加两项测试。他们的记录分数将是两个测试分数中较好的一个。这些测试包含了完全不同的问题集,但涵盖了相同的学习单元。表1总结了测试设计,因为它是在社会学入门课程中使用的。每个测试条件在一年中至少使用了三次。例如,实验形式的组合,(t)TT,在1981年秋季课程的第一单元中使用,在第二单元中使用
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引用次数: 2
Thinking Styles and Foreign Language Learning. 思维方式与外语学习。
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533791
Maurice W. Conner
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引用次数: 4
Teaching Cross-Cultural Humanities with Language: Islam and Arabic. 用语言教授跨文化人文:伊斯兰教和阿拉伯语。
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533790
D. Stover
My academic speciality is hermeneutic theory, which involves he role of language n the process of understanding, especially cross-cultural understand ing where the interaction of two relatively distinct world-views takes place. A request by my department that I design and teach a course on Islam presented an exceptional opportunity for applying hermeneutic theory to instructional method, since no religious tradi tion is as bound to a particular language, both in theory and in practice, as Islam is to Arabic. If Islam is intrin sically tied to Arabic and if understanding is inescapably linguistic in mode, the notion of including Arabic in struction as a component in a course on Islam is an in herently natural proposition. Following up these basic assumptions, I proceeded to design my course on Islam as an experimental model. If the incorporation of language study into the teaching of Islam should prove to be of value, perhaps the method would be generalizable to other cross-cultural humani ties courses. These courses differ from typical humani ties courses, which concern one's own tradition, by at tempting the difficult task of transcending the parochialism of one's own cultural prescriptions in order to encounter an alien culture in an authentic man ner. Innovation in cross-cultural humanities instruction is especially needed, given the increasingly pluralistic character of the contemporary world. Whether or not my model proved successful, I hoped to draw some useful conclusions about the dynamics involved.
我的学术专长是解释学理论,涉及语言在理解过程中的作用,特别是两种相对不同的世界观相互作用的跨文化理解。我所在的系要求我设计并教授一门关于伊斯兰教的课程,这为我将解释学理论应用于教学方法提供了一个难得的机会,因为没有任何宗教传统像伊斯兰教与阿拉伯语一样,在理论和实践上与一种特定的语言紧密相连。如果伊斯兰教与阿拉伯语有着内在的联系,如果理解是不可避免的语言模式,那么将阿拉伯语作为伊斯兰教课程的组成部分的概念是一个天生的自然命题。在这些基本假设的基础上,我开始设计关于伊斯兰教的课程,作为一个实验模型。如果将语言学习纳入伊斯兰教的教学被证明是有价值的,也许这种方法可以推广到其他跨文化人文课程中。这些课程与典型的人文学科课程不同,后者关注的是自己的传统,它试图超越自己文化处方的狭隘性,以一种真实的人的方式面对外来文化。鉴于当今世界日益多元化的特点,跨文化人文教学的创新尤为必要。无论我的模型是否成功,我都希望能从中得出一些有用的结论。
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引用次数: 1
The Effectiveness of Lap-Dissolving Projections for Visualizing in Three Dimensions. 溶搭投影在三维可视化中的有效性。
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533794
J. K. Wood
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引用次数: 0
A Humanist Encounters Measurement. 人文主义者遇到测量。
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533789
D. Stover
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引用次数: 0
Student Grade Appeals Can be Reduced 学生成绩申诉可以减少
Pub Date : 1983-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00193089.1983.10533787
M. Pulich
It's the end of the semester and Professor Jones reminds himself to stop by the drugstore on the way home from the university to pick up more aspirin. He knows that as soon as the students receive their grades, he will have at least a dozen students calling him or com ing by his office. These discussions will range from timid requests to see the final examinations to outright arguments and threats to file a grade appeal. He ex periences many headaches during this period, and the fact that he has had several grade appeals filed in the past few years does not make him feel any better. He notices that his colleague across the hall never seems to have much difficulty explaining grades in a more-or-less satisfactory manner to her students. At any rate, he observes that this professor has never been involved in any grade appeals. Professor Jones mutters to himself that some people have all the luck. Contrary to the opinion of Professor Jones, some grade appeals can be avoided. In fact, many grade ap peals can be traced to a breakdown in communication between the student and the professor. Most of this problem could be alleviated by the professor changing his classroom approach without radically interfering with his teaching style or conduct of the class. But it will take organization and planning on the part of the pro fessor.
学期快结束了,琼斯教授提醒自己在从学校回家的路上顺便去趟药店,多买些阿司匹林。他知道,一旦学生们拿到成绩,就会有至少十几个学生给他打电话或到他的办公室来。这些讨论从胆怯地要求看期末考试到直接争论和威胁要提交成绩上诉。在这段时间里,他经历了许多头痛,而且在过去的几年里,他已经提出了几次等级上诉,这并没有让他感觉更好。他注意到,他对门的同事似乎从来都能以一种或多或少令人满意的方式向她的学生解释成绩。无论如何,他注意到这位教授从未卷入过任何成绩申诉。琼斯教授自言自语地说,有些人就是这么幸运。与琼斯教授的观点相反,有些成绩申诉是可以避免的。事实上,许多成绩下降的原因可以追溯到学生和教授之间沟通的中断。这个问题大部分可以通过教授改变他的教学方法来缓解,而不会从根本上干扰他的教学风格或课堂行为。但这需要教授的组织和计划。
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引用次数: 3
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Improving College and University Teaching
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