Frontiers in Sports and Active Living最新文献

Introduction: Increasing physical activity (PA) levels among children is critical to mitigate health risks associated with physical inactivity. Schools have been highlighted as ideal setting for promoting PA. However, existing school-based PA programs often face implementation challenges. The FIT FIRST 10 (FF10) multi-sport program has been introduced in Denmark, aiming to increase PA and to enhance children's health, fitness, and well-being. This study evaluates the implementation of the FF10 program for 2nd and 3rd graders.

Materials and methods: The FF10 program was implemented in a 20-week cluster randomized controlled trial across 27 schools. Schools were assigned to a control arm or intervention arms receiving either 3 (full dose) or 1.5 (half dose) FF10 40-min lessons weekly. Teachers received a one-day training session, comprehensive manuals, and necessary equipment. Data were collected from teachers via logbooks documenting implementation fidelity, and an online questionnaire assessing program acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility, and teachers' capability, opportunity, and motivation for implementing the FF10 program.

Results: A total of 18 intervention schools with 36 classes participated in this study. Program fidelity was high in both intervention groups (2.8 and 2.0 session/week for full and half-dose, respectively). Confidence intervals indicated no differences between the two intervention groups for any outcomes. Teachers (n = 32) in both groups rated FF10 moderately acceptable, appropriate, and feasible (3.5-4.0 out of a potential maximum of 5). Both groups exhibited moderate physical and psychological capabilities (3.5-4.0) and high social opportunities (>4.0), but poor motivation scores (<3.5), particularly regarding the perceived benefits and automatization in delivering the FF10 program.

Conclusion: The FF10 program was almost delivered as intended, but time constraints, limited facilities, and modest teacher motivation might have hindered implementation. Reducing the program's dosage did not improve implementation outcomes, emphasizing the need for ongoing support to boost teacher motivation and integration of the program into school timetables.

Aims: The concept of prehabilitation, defined as interventions aimed at enhancing a patient's functional capacity prior to an impending physiological stressor, may contribute to reduced postoperative morbidity and mortality. The study's goal is to verify or refute the feasibility of a prehabilitation programme for two diagnostic patient groups during neoadjuvant chemo(radio)therapy, which is prescribed before the scheduled surgical procedure. This is a single group study design, with all patients enrolled receiving the intervention.

Methods: This is an interventional feasibility study of a prehabilitation programme in the form of physical training conducted at home. The training consists of progressively dosed walking and strength exercises for selected muscle groups. Data will be monitored telemetrically and also through telephone contact with participants. Primary outcomes include: the percentage of patients interested in participating in the study out of all patients indicated for neoadjuvant therapy at University Hospital Ostrava during the observed period, the percentage of patients who complete the prehabilitation programme until the date of surgery and individual patient compliance. Secondary outcomes include physical fitness parameters obtained from cardiopulmonary exercise testing, grip strength measured by a dynamometer, changes in body composition, EORTC QLQ-C30 quality of life questionnaire, and a questionnaire on the subjective perception of the exercise programme. Both primary and secondary outcomes will be compared between study arms (two diagnostic groups). The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT05646043.

Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a foundation for larger, multicentre, controlled studies in the future.

Introduction: The degree of perceived enjoyment of performed physical activity may be a key aspect with relevance for the effort to get people to be physically active. Spinning, or indoor cycling, is a widespread physical activity that can be performed in a group or individually. The effect of the group element on the enjoyment of spinning remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that enjoyment was greater during spinning exercise performed in a group session as compared to individually.

Methods: Twenty recreationally active persons (56 ± 6 years, 1.74 ± 0.09 m, 81.0 ± 14.7 kg, and BMI of 26.5 ± 3.7) performed 44-min group and individual instructor-led spinning sessions. Values of power output, heart rate, and cadence were recorded during the sessions. Perceived enjoyment of the exercise was determined by means of a questionnaire (PACES-8) after the exercise.

Results: Values of power output, heart rate, and cadence were not different between the two sessions. Enjoyment was statistically significantly greater by 1.4 ± 2.1 points (p = 0.005) during spinning performed in a group session as compared to individually. As a reference framework, 56 points is the maximal sum score.

Conclusions: The difference in enjoyment between conditions was modest and clinically insignificant. In other words, the group element of the spinning session was considered to be of minor importance for the participants' perception of enjoyment.

Introduction: The study aimed to describe the practices and perspectives of Czech football coaches regarding the monitoring of players' training load and physical performance, with a focus on identifying key barriers and preferred sources of information.

Methods: A total of 235 football coaches completed an online survey comprehending training load monitoring methods, physical performance assessments, barriers to implementation, and information sources.

Results: Among respondents, 93.7% reported monitoring training load, with training diaries (70%) being the most utilized method for external load measures and heart rate (45%) for internal load. Despite this, 42.7% of coaches did not monitor internal load and 21.7% did not conduct physical fitness evaluations. The most frequently reported barrier was a lack of resources (74.5%), though elite-level coaches (52.8%) and strength and conditioning coaches (75%) identified human resources as their primary limitation. Across all levels, the Football Association was the preferred source of information (61.7%).

Conclusion: The findings highlight the predominance of traditional monitoring practices among the Czech football coaches, alongside with notable gaps in internal load tracking and fitness evaluation. The resource constraints remain a major barrier. Practical recommendations include promoting economical monitoring tools, such as RPE, and enhancing collaboration among stakeholders to improved monitoring strategies. The Football Association's play a key role on support these efforts.

Introduction: The study aims to assess and compare the predictive effectiveness of football-related injuries using external load data and a decision tree classification algorithm by unidimensional approach.

Methods: The sample consisted of 25 players from one of the 16 teams participating in the Persian Gulf Pro League during the 2022--2023 season. Player injury data and raw GPS data from all training and competition sessions throughout the football league season were gathered (214 training sessions and 34 competition sessions). The acute-tochronic workload ratio was calculated separately for each variable using a ratio of 1:3 weeks. Finally, the decision tree algorithm with machine learning was utilised to assess the predictive power of injury occurrence based on the acute-to-chronic workload ratio.

Results: The results showed that the variable of the number of decelerations had the highest predictive power compared to other variables [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.91, recall = 87.5%, precision = 58.3%, accuracy = 94.7%].

Conclusion: Although none of the selected external load variables in this study had high predictive power (AUC > 0.95), due to the high predictive power of injury of the number of deceleration variables compared with other variables, the necessity of attention and management of this variable as a risk factor for injury occurrence is essential for preventing future injuries.

Introduction: This study aimed to review the impact of tele-exercise on different adult populations, comparing synchronous and asynchronous interventions and their effects on outcomes such as quality of life, physical fitness, functional capacity, strength, and pain.

Methods: Randomised clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies published between 2014 and 2024 were included, totalling 16 studies with 1,416 participants. The interventions varied between synchronous teleexercise (via videoconference) and asynchronous (via apps and recorded videos). The review followed the PRISMA guidelines, ensuring a systematic approach to study selection, data extraction, and bias assessment.

Results: The results indicate that tele-exercise, especially synchronous, has the potential to primarily improve physical fitness, functional capacity, and pain perception, being effective for the elderly and individuals with specific conditions such as multiple sclerosis and obesity.

Discussion: However, the methodological heterogeneity of the studies and the lack of consistent data limit the generalisation of the findings, highlighting the need for more high-quality research.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024563241, PROSPERO (CRD42024563241).

Football is one of the most widely practiced sports in the world, and competition significantly influences athletic performance, especially in adolescents who experience emotional pressure that impacts their performance through the management of performance-related stress. Physical education is integrated within the school curriculum, but it is also typically delivered in sports associations engaged in competitive activities, which become informal learning environments as they pursue the same educational goals as schools. However, few studies have focused on this aspect, particularly the role of emotions and their relationship with performance anxiety in adolescent football players. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between pre-competitive anxiety and emotional regulation in adolescents regarding competitive performance. The study design was exploratory. A sample of 79 Under-19 football players, with a mean age of 14.6 (±1.89) years, was recruited through convenience sampling. A battery of pre-competition questionnaires was administered, including the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) to measure anxiety levels and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue-SF) to assess pre-competition emotional levels. Spearman's correlation was used to evaluate the strength and direction of the relationship between emotional levels and anxiety, while Chi-square test was employed to examine differences in anxiety levels across different player roles. The results showed that 70% of the football players displayed normal anxiety levels, with no significant differences across player positions. No significant correlation was found between emotional levels and anxiety. The primary causes of anxiety were cognitive concerns and bodily sensations, which negatively affected concentration. Although emotions were generally high, they did not appear to directly influence performance anxiety, suggesting that other factors may contribute to pre-competitive emotional regulation. In conclusion, contrary to common belief, performance anxiety in adolescent football competitions does not have a direct impact on emotional levels.

Background: Sedentary behavior is one of the major modifiable behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Physical activity (PA) is crucial during pregnancy but pregnant women may become sedentary, leading to adverse health outcomes. Our study aimed to explore the association between social support and PA levels during pregnancy and the relationship between sedentary behavior and adverse pregnancy health outcomes including delivery.

Methods: The study used a validated physical activity questionnaire to assess the physical activity levels of pregnant women. We collected detailed sociodemographic information, pregnancy characteristics, assessed social support. We assessed presence of depressive symptoms and conducted oral glucose tolerance tests, hemoglobin and blood pressure assessments, anthropometric measurements, and collected delivery details. We used linear logistic regression to assess the association between a continuous measure of physical activity level and maternal outcomes and performed multivariable logistic regression analysis to understand the association between sedentary behavior and maternal health outcomes and mode of delivery after adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: We interviewed 2,424 eligible pregnant women at baseline and 1,317 were considered in the final analysis after excluding those who missed follow-ups. We observed that one unit increase in physical activity level was associated with reduced prenatal depressive symptoms (β = -6.36, p < 0.001), fasting (β = 2.06, p = 0.04), and postprandial blood sugar levels (β = -0.99, p = 0.01), respectively. Pregnant women who had good social support tended to engage in higher levels of activity. In addition, women who engaged in sedentary behavior during pregnancy were 1.07 times more likely to be obese and 4.32 times more likely to have elective cesarean section (C-section) delivery than those who engaged in moderate activity.

Conclusion: The study found that physical activity during pregnancy has several beneficial effects on maternal prenatal health outcomes, including a reduced risk of obesity and C-section delivery, lower blood glucose levels, and improved mental health. Therefore, it is essential to adhere to the recommended guidelines for physical activity during pregnancy. Healthcare providers and policymakers in India should consider promoting physical activity as part of comprehensive routine prenatal care.