Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473661
Zhongxiang Wei, C. Masouros, T. Xu
Instead of suppressing multiuser interference as a harmful element by conventional precoders, constructive interference (CI) technique is able to exploit multiuser interference as a beneficial element for enhancing receiver performance. This paper is the first work investigating the feasibility of CI in multiuser multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A joint CI based combiner and precoder approach is proposed, and then a robust design is further developed taking into consideration of imperfect channel state information (CSI). Simulation shows that the proposed designs significantly outperform the existing benchmarks, and shows a high level of robustness against CSI error.
{"title":"Constructive Interference based Joint Combiner and Precoder Design in Multiuser MIMO Systems","authors":"Zhongxiang Wei, C. Masouros, T. Xu","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473661","url":null,"abstract":"Instead of suppressing multiuser interference as a harmful element by conventional precoders, constructive interference (CI) technique is able to exploit multiuser interference as a beneficial element for enhancing receiver performance. This paper is the first work investigating the feasibility of CI in multiuser multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A joint CI based combiner and precoder approach is proposed, and then a robust design is further developed taking into consideration of imperfect channel state information (CSI). Simulation shows that the proposed designs significantly outperform the existing benchmarks, and shows a high level of robustness against CSI error.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127724235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473531
Yifei Wu, Johannes Koch, M. Vossiek, W. Gerstacker
Single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) is a promising technique for high data rate Terahertz (THz) communications in future beyond 5G systems. Beam alignment (BA) is considered as a mandatory solution to establish a reliable communication link in SC-FDMA THz communication. However, existing BA methods introduce a large latency in searching for the optimal beam. In this paper, we propose a multi-armed bandit algorithm referred to as hierarchical beam alignment (HBA) for single-user SC-FDMA THz systems to reduce the beam alignment latency. HBA utilizes a hierarchical structure in the adopted codebook and the prior knowledge regarding the frequency-selective fading of the channel to speed up the BA process. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results illustrate that HBA converges to the optimal beam with high probability. The latency introduced by HBA is significantly lower compared to an exhaustive search method.
{"title":"Hierarchical Beam Alignment in Single-User MIMO Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access Terahertz Communication Systems","authors":"Yifei Wu, Johannes Koch, M. Vossiek, W. Gerstacker","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473531","url":null,"abstract":"Single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) is a promising technique for high data rate Terahertz (THz) communications in future beyond 5G systems. Beam alignment (BA) is considered as a mandatory solution to establish a reliable communication link in SC-FDMA THz communication. However, existing BA methods introduce a large latency in searching for the optimal beam. In this paper, we propose a multi-armed bandit algorithm referred to as hierarchical beam alignment (HBA) for single-user SC-FDMA THz systems to reduce the beam alignment latency. HBA utilizes a hierarchical structure in the adopted codebook and the prior knowledge regarding the frequency-selective fading of the channel to speed up the BA process. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results illustrate that HBA converges to the optimal beam with high probability. The latency introduced by HBA is significantly lower compared to an exhaustive search method.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121281718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing demand for spectrum resources has prompted people to improve spectrum utilization by spectrum sharing technology. However, mutual interference between co-located wireless devices will cause spectrum conflicts and decrease the spectrum utilization. To tackle this issue, this paper presents a method to suppress the adjacent channel interference (ACI) between co-located wireless devices, which is caused by the transmitter nonlinear distortion. An auxiliary chain is deployed to regenerate the ACI, and a memory polynomial model is used to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the system. Eventually, the ACI is reconstructed and subtracted from the received signal. Theoretical analysis of ACI elimination is presented, and the algorithm is subsequently verified by both simulation and experiment. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively relieve the ACI and enhance the spectrum sharing capability between co-located devices.
{"title":"Adjacent Channel Interference Suppression to Enhance Spectrum Sharing for Co-located Devices","authors":"Xiaolei Huo, Wei Zhang, Wenbo Guo, Chenxing Li, Hongzhi Zhao, Ying Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473834","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for spectrum resources has prompted people to improve spectrum utilization by spectrum sharing technology. However, mutual interference between co-located wireless devices will cause spectrum conflicts and decrease the spectrum utilization. To tackle this issue, this paper presents a method to suppress the adjacent channel interference (ACI) between co-located wireless devices, which is caused by the transmitter nonlinear distortion. An auxiliary chain is deployed to regenerate the ACI, and a memory polynomial model is used to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the system. Eventually, the ACI is reconstructed and subtracted from the received signal. Theoretical analysis of ACI elimination is presented, and the algorithm is subsequently verified by both simulation and experiment. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively relieve the ACI and enhance the spectrum sharing capability between co-located devices.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128641246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473869
Salva Daneshgadeh Çakmakçi, Helmar Hutschenreuter, Christian Maeder, Thomas Kemmerich
In this paper, we propose an intelligent DDoS detection and response framework. It employs a Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) tool to detect different types of DDoS attacks using its incident detection engine. Additionally, it has an inference engine to automatically infer potential countermeasures to respond to and recover from DDoS attacks. The inference system continuously reasons for each reported incident and provides suggestions to keep the system stable. We model explicit knowledge of an IT-dependent organization at a high-level using ontologies for the organization, IT, security, and DDoS attacks. We demonstrate the connections of these ontologies with the inference system and a SIEM. This paper is a part of ongoing research for securing the maritime port ecosystem. The proposed framework not only automates the detection of DDoS attacks but also supports the implementation of automatic countermeasures. The framework can be used as a guide for cyber attack resilience in IT-dependent organizations by preventing, detecting, responding to and recovering from different types of cyber attacks.
本文提出了一种智能DDoS检测与响应框架。它采用SIEM (Security Information and Event Management)工具，通过事件检测引擎检测不同类型的DDoS攻击。此外，它还具有一个推理引擎，可以自动推断潜在的对策，以响应DDoS攻击并从攻击中恢复。推理系统不断地对每一个上报的事件进行推理，并提供建议以保持系统的稳定。我们使用组织、IT、安全性和DDoS攻击的本体在高层次上对依赖IT的组织的显式知识进行建模。我们演示了这些本体与推理系统和SIEM之间的联系。本文是正在进行的港口生态系统保护研究的一部分。该框架不仅可以自动检测DDoS攻击，还可以支持自动对策的实现。该框架可以通过预防、检测、响应和从不同类型的网络攻击中恢复，作为依赖it的组织的网络攻击弹性指南。
{"title":"A Framework For Intelligent DDoS Attack Detection and Response using SIEM and Ontology","authors":"Salva Daneshgadeh Çakmakçi, Helmar Hutschenreuter, Christian Maeder, Thomas Kemmerich","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473869","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose an intelligent DDoS detection and response framework. It employs a Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) tool to detect different types of DDoS attacks using its incident detection engine. Additionally, it has an inference engine to automatically infer potential countermeasures to respond to and recover from DDoS attacks. The inference system continuously reasons for each reported incident and provides suggestions to keep the system stable. We model explicit knowledge of an IT-dependent organization at a high-level using ontologies for the organization, IT, security, and DDoS attacks. We demonstrate the connections of these ontologies with the inference system and a SIEM. This paper is a part of ongoing research for securing the maritime port ecosystem. The proposed framework not only automates the detection of DDoS attacks but also supports the implementation of automatic countermeasures. The framework can be used as a guide for cyber attack resilience in IT-dependent organizations by preventing, detecting, responding to and recovering from different types of cyber attacks.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115998095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473799
Nils Pachler, Iñigo Del Portillo, E. Crawley, B. Cameron
Twenty years of technological improvements have raised once again the question of the economic viability of offering Internet access from space using non-geostationary orbits (NGSO). Trying to answer this question, many established satellite operators (e.g., SES, Telesat) and newcomers (e.g., SpaceX, Amazon) have recently filed applications for these types of constellations, with SES currently operating a NGSO constellation in MEO. The new architectures rely on thousands of high-throughput satellites, combined with an even-larger ground segment, which will compete with and complement the terrestrial Internet infrastructure where it is inefficient or non-existent.This paper provides an updated comparison of four of the largest LEO mega-constellations, namely Telesat’s, OneWeb’s, SpaceX’s, and Amazon’s, in terms of throughput estimation. First, we present the configuration of each constellation as described in their FCC filings (as of January 2021), including pending propositions. Then, we briefly describe the methodology and models used for the system performance analysis, which includes statistical analyses of each system’s throughput, as well as orbit dynamics and atmospheric conditions. Finally, we discuss the results and argue how the changes in the filings affected the overall throughput estimation and satellite efficiency, in terms of average capacity utilization.Despite having the fewest satellites, Telesat achieves a similar throughput as SpaceX thanks to their dual gateway connection and wider field of regard. OneWeb manages to achieve second-to-highest throughput thanks to their largest constellation, despite having the lowest satellite utilization. The reduction in minimum elevation angle and altitude improves SpaceX’s previous results in both total throughput and satellite utilization. Amazon achieves the highest throughput at around 53.4 Tbps, at the cost of a larger ground segment. Finally, all architectures benefit from the usage of ISL, achieving improvements between 13% and 42% when using 20 Gbps connections.
{"title":"An Updated Comparison of Four Low Earth Orbit Satellite Constellation Systems to Provide Global Broadband","authors":"Nils Pachler, Iñigo Del Portillo, E. Crawley, B. Cameron","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473799","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty years of technological improvements have raised once again the question of the economic viability of offering Internet access from space using non-geostationary orbits (NGSO). Trying to answer this question, many established satellite operators (e.g., SES, Telesat) and newcomers (e.g., SpaceX, Amazon) have recently filed applications for these types of constellations, with SES currently operating a NGSO constellation in MEO. The new architectures rely on thousands of high-throughput satellites, combined with an even-larger ground segment, which will compete with and complement the terrestrial Internet infrastructure where it is inefficient or non-existent.This paper provides an updated comparison of four of the largest LEO mega-constellations, namely Telesat’s, OneWeb’s, SpaceX’s, and Amazon’s, in terms of throughput estimation. First, we present the configuration of each constellation as described in their FCC filings (as of January 2021), including pending propositions. Then, we briefly describe the methodology and models used for the system performance analysis, which includes statistical analyses of each system’s throughput, as well as orbit dynamics and atmospheric conditions. Finally, we discuss the results and argue how the changes in the filings affected the overall throughput estimation and satellite efficiency, in terms of average capacity utilization.Despite having the fewest satellites, Telesat achieves a similar throughput as SpaceX thanks to their dual gateway connection and wider field of regard. OneWeb manages to achieve second-to-highest throughput thanks to their largest constellation, despite having the lowest satellite utilization. The reduction in minimum elevation angle and altitude improves SpaceX’s previous results in both total throughput and satellite utilization. Amazon achieves the highest throughput at around 53.4 Tbps, at the cost of a larger ground segment. Finally, all architectures benefit from the usage of ISL, achieving improvements between 13% and 42% when using 20 Gbps connections.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116660883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473865
A. M. El-Shal, Badiaa Gabr, Laila H. Afify, A. El-Sherif, Karim G. Seddik, Mustafa Elattar
Long-Term Evolution (LTE) technology is expected to shift some of its transmissions into the unlicensed band to overcome the spectrum scarcity problem. Nevertheless, in order to effectively use the unlicensed spectrum, several challenges have to be addressed. The most important of which is how to coexist with the incumbent unlicensed WiFi networks. Incorporating the "intelligence" component into the network radios is foreseen to resolve the intrinsic network challenges, rather than conventional non-adaptive action plans. Specifically, an intelligent cognitive engine (CE) that continuously monitors the environment, and dynamically decides upon the best mechanisms and their configuration to suit a given scenario, is essential. In this work, we propose a machine learning-based monitoring module that provides real-time situational awareness that is envisaged to provide the necessary adaptivity, intelligence, autonomy, and learning capabilities. The objective of the proposed intelligent monitoring module is to sense, assess and select the most appropriate scheduling and resource allocation (SRA) algorithm at each LTE base station, according to the different coexistence scenarios. We propose a random forest classifier that maximizes the overall LTE throughput without degrading that of the WiFi network. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the monitoring module in achieving robust adaptive results under new unfamiliar network environments. Furthermore, we shed some lights on the comparison between the performance of multiple SRA algorithms under dynamic network settings.
{"title":"Machine Learning-based Module for Monitoring LTE/WiFi Coexistence Networks Dynamics","authors":"A. M. El-Shal, Badiaa Gabr, Laila H. Afify, A. El-Sherif, Karim G. Seddik, Mustafa Elattar","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473865","url":null,"abstract":"Long-Term Evolution (LTE) technology is expected to shift some of its transmissions into the unlicensed band to overcome the spectrum scarcity problem. Nevertheless, in order to effectively use the unlicensed spectrum, several challenges have to be addressed. The most important of which is how to coexist with the incumbent unlicensed WiFi networks. Incorporating the \"intelligence\" component into the network radios is foreseen to resolve the intrinsic network challenges, rather than conventional non-adaptive action plans. Specifically, an intelligent cognitive engine (CE) that continuously monitors the environment, and dynamically decides upon the best mechanisms and their configuration to suit a given scenario, is essential. In this work, we propose a machine learning-based monitoring module that provides real-time situational awareness that is envisaged to provide the necessary adaptivity, intelligence, autonomy, and learning capabilities. The objective of the proposed intelligent monitoring module is to sense, assess and select the most appropriate scheduling and resource allocation (SRA) algorithm at each LTE base station, according to the different coexistence scenarios. We propose a random forest classifier that maximizes the overall LTE throughput without degrading that of the WiFi network. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the monitoring module in achieving robust adaptive results under new unfamiliar network environments. Furthermore, we shed some lights on the comparison between the performance of multiple SRA algorithms under dynamic network settings.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115715475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473569
Eyüp Can Akpolat, Ömer Faruk Gemici, M. S. Demir, Ibrahim Hökelek, S. Coleri, H. A. Çırpan
ARINC 664 is an Ethernet based deterministic networking standard providing data transmission with bounded delays among avionics sub-systems. This paper presents a Genetic Algorithm (GA) based ARINC 664 network delay optimization using the network calculus (NC), where the GA is used to effectively search the mapping of Virtual Links (VLs) to priority levels using the extended priority scheme. While there are only two priority levels in the ARINC 664 standard, the extended priority concept increases the number of priority levels to improve the schedulability of VLs. For each possible assignment of the VLs to the priority levels, the NC analysis provides the worst-case delay results for all VLs. We define three different fitness functions aiming to minimize the maximum, the average, and the standard deviation of the worst-case VL delays, respectively. The results demonstrate that the extended priority concept improves the schedulability of VLs and the GA optimization approach can successfully achieve the desired objectives for the VL delays if the appropriate cost function is selected.
{"title":"Genetic Algorithm Based ARINC 664 Mixed Criticality Optimization Using Network Calculus","authors":"Eyüp Can Akpolat, Ömer Faruk Gemici, M. S. Demir, Ibrahim Hökelek, S. Coleri, H. A. Çırpan","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473569","url":null,"abstract":"ARINC 664 is an Ethernet based deterministic networking standard providing data transmission with bounded delays among avionics sub-systems. This paper presents a Genetic Algorithm (GA) based ARINC 664 network delay optimization using the network calculus (NC), where the GA is used to effectively search the mapping of Virtual Links (VLs) to priority levels using the extended priority scheme. While there are only two priority levels in the ARINC 664 standard, the extended priority concept increases the number of priority levels to improve the schedulability of VLs. For each possible assignment of the VLs to the priority levels, the NC analysis provides the worst-case delay results for all VLs. We define three different fitness functions aiming to minimize the maximum, the average, and the standard deviation of the worst-case VL delays, respectively. The results demonstrate that the extended priority concept improves the schedulability of VLs and the GA optimization approach can successfully achieve the desired objectives for the VL delays if the appropriate cost function is selected.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114548071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473508
Ruichen Cong, Yixiao Liu, Kiichi Tago, Ruidong Li, H. Asaeda, Qun Jin
With the rapid development of sensors and IoT technology, personal health data can be collected and stored by various wearable devices and utilized for healthcare. To share and use sensitive health data securely and efficiently, a variety of solutions based on blockchain have been proposed and developed. However, there are still many issues to be solved, such as how to let individuals control and manage their own data, and how to make all data accesses strictly auditable. In this paper, we present a new model of Individual-Initiated Auditable Access Control (IIAAC) enabled with blockchain, CP-ABE (Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption) and IPFS (InterPlanetary File System). After introducing scenarios for sharing and use of health data, we define the design requirements for a blockchain-based system and describe the basic system architecture. We discuss the detailed procedures in IIAAC, including CP-ABE key generation, data publication and data retrieval. We further compare this study with related work in terms of functions and features.
{"title":"Individual-Initiated Auditable Access Control for Privacy-Preserved IoT Data Sharing with Blockchain","authors":"Ruichen Cong, Yixiao Liu, Kiichi Tago, Ruidong Li, H. Asaeda, Qun Jin","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473508","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of sensors and IoT technology, personal health data can be collected and stored by various wearable devices and utilized for healthcare. To share and use sensitive health data securely and efficiently, a variety of solutions based on blockchain have been proposed and developed. However, there are still many issues to be solved, such as how to let individuals control and manage their own data, and how to make all data accesses strictly auditable. In this paper, we present a new model of Individual-Initiated Auditable Access Control (IIAAC) enabled with blockchain, CP-ABE (Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption) and IPFS (InterPlanetary File System). After introducing scenarios for sharing and use of health data, we define the design requirements for a blockchain-based system and describe the basic system architecture. We discuss the detailed procedures in IIAAC, including CP-ABE key generation, data publication and data retrieval. We further compare this study with related work in terms of functions and features.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127245486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473704
Ji-Sun Moon, Hyungyu Ju, Seungnyun Kim, B. Shim
As a key enabler for 6th generation (6G) communications, millimeter-wave (mmWave) ultra-dense network (UDN) has been examined. However, due to the dense deployment of SBSs, an excessive number of data links and frequent handover incur highly inefficient energy consumption in user association. Despite many recent works on power-saving user association in mmWave UDN, energy-efficiently associating users for a long time is left as a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a multi-agent actor-critic (MA-AC)-based user association scheme to minimize the energy consumption mmWave UDN. By applying actor-critic, a kind of deep reinforcement learning (DRL), the proposed scheme learns to optimally associate users to minimize long-term energy consumption. In order to overcome the extreme signaling overhead in mmWave UDN, local agents in SBSs distributively associate users based on local information. From the simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed user association scheme reduces mmWave UDN energy consumption substantially.
{"title":"Energy-Efficient mmWave UDN Using Distributed Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Ji-Sun Moon, Hyungyu Ju, Seungnyun Kim, B. Shim","doi":"10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473704","url":null,"abstract":"As a key enabler for 6th generation (6G) communications, millimeter-wave (mmWave) ultra-dense network (UDN) has been examined. However, due to the dense deployment of SBSs, an excessive number of data links and frequent handover incur highly inefficient energy consumption in user association. Despite many recent works on power-saving user association in mmWave UDN, energy-efficiently associating users for a long time is left as a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a multi-agent actor-critic (MA-AC)-based user association scheme to minimize the energy consumption mmWave UDN. By applying actor-critic, a kind of deep reinforcement learning (DRL), the proposed scheme learns to optimally associate users to minimize long-term energy consumption. In order to overcome the extreme signaling overhead in mmWave UDN, local agents in SBSs distributively associate users based on local information. From the simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed user association scheme reduces mmWave UDN energy consumption substantially.","PeriodicalId":127186,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125324145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473668
V. Chaudhary, D. Rawat
The presence of mobile cyber physical systems is only increasing with enhancements in cyber physical systems (CPS), therefore increasing the number of devices connected to the internet. Thus, the surge in wireless demand is expected to increase which puts a huge challenge on the wireless industry to meet the rising demand. Wireless virtualization is an emerging alternative which can help meet the rising demand of end users in CPS or IoTs through mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) which can be constructed adaptively based on the data collected from the users’ demand and the serving base stations. In this paper, we propose data-driven adaptive MVNO construction using anypath forwarding, where a cloud based controller assembles the right set of base stations along with the shortest path suggested by the shortest anypath forwarding (SAF) algorithm so that mobile users can be forwarded towards their destination with minimal handovers and low latency. We contrast the effectiveness of the MVNOs formed by the SAF algorithm and the shortest path algorithm based on BFS with simulation results.
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