Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875737
M. Ezeoke, K. Tong, Kenneth Mubea
A method to characterize the electromagnetic (EM) signature of barefaced terrain using 3D computer electromagnetic models (CEM) for radar applications is presented. Five barefaced terrain types with different electrical, physical and chemical properties were investigated. They include both homogeneous and heterogeneous terrain types particularly beach sand, gravel and pebble acquired locally and oil sands from Nigeria. The approach develops CEMs using reflectance spectroscopy and dielectric permittivity data. First geochemical signatures were determined using reflectance spectroscopy in the Near Infrared region while dielectric properties were experimentally determined at L-, C- and X-band for multi-frequency radar. Both viscous and hard oil sand indicated resonance effects in the upper C-band. The results provide new information on the complex electrical permittivity ε*(co) and loss tangent, tan ö. Finally a laboratory based approach to measure the relationship between sensor configuration and terrain backscatter for 0.013m3 of terrain samples using microwave measurement techniques in an anechoic chamber is outlined.
{"title":"Electromagnetic characterisation of terrain for unconventional petroleum exploration","authors":"M. Ezeoke, K. Tong, Kenneth Mubea","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875737","url":null,"abstract":"A method to characterize the electromagnetic (EM) signature of barefaced terrain using 3D computer electromagnetic models (CEM) for radar applications is presented. Five barefaced terrain types with different electrical, physical and chemical properties were investigated. They include both homogeneous and heterogeneous terrain types particularly beach sand, gravel and pebble acquired locally and oil sands from Nigeria. The approach develops CEMs using reflectance spectroscopy and dielectric permittivity data. First geochemical signatures were determined using reflectance spectroscopy in the Near Infrared region while dielectric properties were experimentally determined at L-, C- and X-band for multi-frequency radar. Both viscous and hard oil sand indicated resonance effects in the upper C-band. The results provide new information on the complex electrical permittivity ε*(co) and loss tangent, tan ö. Finally a laboratory based approach to measure the relationship between sensor configuration and terrain backscatter for 0.013m3 of terrain samples using microwave measurement techniques in an anechoic chamber is outlined.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116494782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875588
Stuart Williams, M. Leifer, V. Chandrasekar
A concept for a Multi-Function Phased Array Radar (MPAR) to provide next generation simultaneous aircraft and weather surveillance has been developed. This paper discusses a number of system design considerations that are needed to address the multi-mission challenges of MPAR, especially with respect to its stringent timeline objectives.
{"title":"Radar system design techniques to address timeline challenges of multifunction phased array radar","authors":"Stuart Williams, M. Leifer, V. Chandrasekar","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875588","url":null,"abstract":"A concept for a Multi-Function Phased Array Radar (MPAR) to provide next generation simultaneous aircraft and weather surveillance has been developed. This paper discusses a number of system design considerations that are needed to address the multi-mission challenges of MPAR, especially with respect to its stringent timeline objectives.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125855006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875750
S. M. Ali Tayaranian Hosseini, H. Amindavar, J. Ritcey
In this paper, we provide a new approach based on Fourier series model with time varying coefficients for received signal in ultra short pulse or ultra wide band (UWB) radar using an MMSE estimator for estimating the Fourier coefficients that determine the velocity and range of a moving target without appealing to a matched filter. We demonstrate that it is impossible to determine velocity of a target in conventional matched filter detectors which are based on interleaved periodic correlation processing (IPCP). The purposed method requires only the pulse repetition interval to detect signal of interest. Simulations are presented in range and doppler plot. Also the capabilities of the new procedure for blind detection in presence of (non)-Gaussian noise are explored in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
{"title":"A new velocity detector in ultra wide band radar","authors":"S. M. Ali Tayaranian Hosseini, H. Amindavar, J. Ritcey","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875750","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we provide a new approach based on Fourier series model with time varying coefficients for received signal in ultra short pulse or ultra wide band (UWB) radar using an MMSE estimator for estimating the Fourier coefficients that determine the velocity and range of a moving target without appealing to a matched filter. We demonstrate that it is impossible to determine velocity of a target in conventional matched filter detectors which are based on interleaved periodic correlation processing (IPCP). The purposed method requires only the pulse repetition interval to detect signal of interest. Simulations are presented in range and doppler plot. Also the capabilities of the new procedure for blind detection in presence of (non)-Gaussian noise are explored in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126605082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875682
S. Kay, Fuat Çogun
In this paper, the detection/localization of a target based on radio-frequency (RF) and infra-red (IR) data sources problem is addressed. The target is assumed to radiate an RF signal to multiple widely distributed sensors in space and is imaged using multiple frames of an IR sensor. The goal is to integrate RF and IR data to reliably detect and localize the target. The generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) approach is employed to find the detector. In order to reduce the computation required by a straightforward GLRT, the random basis function (RBF) approach is used.
{"title":"Integrated sensor detection/localization for multi-source data","authors":"S. Kay, Fuat Çogun","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875682","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the detection/localization of a target based on radio-frequency (RF) and infra-red (IR) data sources problem is addressed. The target is assumed to radiate an RF signal to multiple widely distributed sensors in space and is imaged using multiple frames of an IR sensor. The goal is to integrate RF and IR data to reliably detect and localize the target. The generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) approach is employed to find the detector. In order to reduce the computation required by a straightforward GLRT, the random basis function (RBF) approach is used.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121390446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875734
R. Raj, R. Lipps, A. Bottoms
We present novel techniques for ISAR imaging via a Sparsity-based image reconstruction methodology. The latter offer a distinct advantage of Fourier based reconstruction techniques by offering the flexibility of using different basis functions to represent the underlying scene structure being imaged. We derive our ISAR algorithm in detail and present experimental results on real ISAR data showing its superiority over traditional Fourier based image reconstruction. We also demonstrate how our formulation of the ISAR imaging problem overcomes some of limitations associated previous approaches to CS (Compressive Sensing) based ISAR imaging in the literature.
{"title":"Sparsity-based image reconstruction techniques for ISAR imaging","authors":"R. Raj, R. Lipps, A. Bottoms","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875734","url":null,"abstract":"We present novel techniques for ISAR imaging via a Sparsity-based image reconstruction methodology. The latter offer a distinct advantage of Fourier based reconstruction techniques by offering the flexibility of using different basis functions to represent the underlying scene structure being imaged. We derive our ISAR algorithm in detail and present experimental results on real ISAR data showing its superiority over traditional Fourier based image reconstruction. We also demonstrate how our formulation of the ISAR imaging problem overcomes some of limitations associated previous approaches to CS (Compressive Sensing) based ISAR imaging in the literature.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127308270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875603
J. Cabrera
Gains in processing power and advances in radar signal processing enable waveform diversity. It has been demonstrated that much can be gained with waveform diversity when previous knowledge about the environment is available, or through adaptive clutter estimation. For tracking systems, it has been also demonstrated that waveform variations in response to tracker outputs can also be beneficial. The paper focuses on the latter line of research, presenting a survey and new results pertaining to adaptation for waveform selection in tracking systems. In particular, we introduce a golden standard for adaptive methods, and show that the golden standard is satisfied for a simple adaptive law. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the main results in the paper.
{"title":"Tracker-based adaptive schemes for optimal waveform selection","authors":"J. Cabrera","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875603","url":null,"abstract":"Gains in processing power and advances in radar signal processing enable waveform diversity. It has been demonstrated that much can be gained with waveform diversity when previous knowledge about the environment is available, or through adaptive clutter estimation. For tracking systems, it has been also demonstrated that waveform variations in response to tracker outputs can also be beneficial. The paper focuses on the latter line of research, presenting a survey and new results pertaining to adaptation for waveform selection in tracking systems. In particular, we introduce a golden standard for adaptive methods, and show that the golden standard is satisfied for a simple adaptive law. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the main results in the paper.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114907676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875641
G. Smith, Saif Alsaif, C. Baker
Echoic flow is an inherently cognitive method for linking action and perception in radar and sonar systems. In this paper, we describe a first demonstration using echoic flow to guide a robotic vehicle autonomously around an unknown course. We briefly introduce the key concepts that underpin echoic flow and describe how echoic flow can be used to form a cognitive guidance system. Full-scale experiments with a robot platform demonstrate the advocated technique able to traverse a square corridor course where one of the sides has the extra complication of a chicane feature.
{"title":"Echoic flow for cognitive radar guidance","authors":"G. Smith, Saif Alsaif, C. Baker","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875641","url":null,"abstract":"Echoic flow is an inherently cognitive method for linking action and perception in radar and sonar systems. In this paper, we describe a first demonstration using echoic flow to guide a robotic vehicle autonomously around an unknown course. We briefly introduce the key concepts that underpin echoic flow and describe how echoic flow can be used to form a cognitive guidance system. Full-scale experiments with a robot platform demonstrate the advocated technique able to traverse a square corridor course where one of the sides has the extra complication of a chicane feature.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130403809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875570
Shao Changyu, Du Lan, Han Xun, L. Hongwei
Micro-Doppler (m-D) signature based target classification methods have received the intensive attention from the radar automatic target recognition (RATR) community. Since the m-D signals of a coning target with micro-motion are always multicomponent, it is important to separate these m-D frequency components for feature extraction and parameter estimation. This paper develops a separation algorithm based on multiple target tracking (MTT) technology, where the m-D frequency curves are assumed to be the tracks of maneuvering targets. The proposed method shows the good performance on the electromagnetic computation data in the experiments.
{"title":"Multiple target tracking based separation of Micro-Doppler signals from coning target","authors":"Shao Changyu, Du Lan, Han Xun, L. Hongwei","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875570","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-Doppler (m-D) signature based target classification methods have received the intensive attention from the radar automatic target recognition (RATR) community. Since the m-D signals of a coning target with micro-motion are always multicomponent, it is important to separate these m-D frequency components for feature extraction and parameter estimation. This paper develops a separation algorithm based on multiple target tracking (MTT) technology, where the m-D frequency curves are assumed to be the tracks of maneuvering targets. The proposed method shows the good performance on the electromagnetic computation data in the experiments.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116569343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875812
K. Gallagher, R. Narayanan, Gregory J. Mazzaro, K. Sherbondy
In order to generate a detectable harmonic-radar response from an electronic device, the required power-on-target is comparable to that observed directly below a cellular base station. Also, the signal emitted from the target is often very weak. This weak signal must not be masked by harmonics generated by the radar itself. Thus, high transmit power must be provided with high linearity for detection of a nonlinear-radar target. In this paper, a technique is presented which achieves better than 135 dBc harmonic distortion at 7 W output power, at transmit frequencies between 800 MHz and 1 GHz.
{"title":"Linearization of a harmonic radar transmitter by feed-forward filter reflection","authors":"K. Gallagher, R. Narayanan, Gregory J. Mazzaro, K. Sherbondy","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875812","url":null,"abstract":"In order to generate a detectable harmonic-radar response from an electronic device, the required power-on-target is comparable to that observed directly below a cellular base station. Also, the signal emitted from the target is often very weak. This weak signal must not be masked by harmonics generated by the radar itself. Thus, high transmit power must be provided with high linearity for detection of a nonlinear-radar target. In this paper, a technique is presented which achieves better than 135 dBc harmonic distortion at 7 W output power, at transmit frequencies between 800 MHz and 1 GHz.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128307488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875782
Yichuan Yang, G. Cui, Wei Yi, L. Kong, Xiaobo Yang, Jianyu Yang
We consider a moving target detection problem using distributed multiple-input multiple-out (MIMO) radar, where the Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs) in each transmit-receive (T-R) channels are different. We propose two knowledge-based detectors based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) rule, both of which require the knowledge of the SNRs relationship among T-R channels. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the derived detectors via computer simulations, and the results illustrate that they outperform conventional detection algorithm.
{"title":"Distributed MIMO radar detection with channel evaluation and selection strategy","authors":"Yichuan Yang, G. Cui, Wei Yi, L. Kong, Xiaobo Yang, Jianyu Yang","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875782","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a moving target detection problem using distributed multiple-input multiple-out (MIMO) radar, where the Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs) in each transmit-receive (T-R) channels are different. We propose two knowledge-based detectors based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) rule, both of which require the knowledge of the SNRs relationship among T-R channels. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the derived detectors via computer simulations, and the results illustrate that they outperform conventional detection algorithm.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134373311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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