Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875812
K. Gallagher, R. Narayanan, Gregory J. Mazzaro, K. Sherbondy
In order to generate a detectable harmonic-radar response from an electronic device, the required power-on-target is comparable to that observed directly below a cellular base station. Also, the signal emitted from the target is often very weak. This weak signal must not be masked by harmonics generated by the radar itself. Thus, high transmit power must be provided with high linearity for detection of a nonlinear-radar target. In this paper, a technique is presented which achieves better than 135 dBc harmonic distortion at 7 W output power, at transmit frequencies between 800 MHz and 1 GHz.
{"title":"Linearization of a harmonic radar transmitter by feed-forward filter reflection","authors":"K. Gallagher, R. Narayanan, Gregory J. Mazzaro, K. Sherbondy","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875812","url":null,"abstract":"In order to generate a detectable harmonic-radar response from an electronic device, the required power-on-target is comparable to that observed directly below a cellular base station. Also, the signal emitted from the target is often very weak. This weak signal must not be masked by harmonics generated by the radar itself. Thus, high transmit power must be provided with high linearity for detection of a nonlinear-radar target. In this paper, a technique is presented which achieves better than 135 dBc harmonic distortion at 7 W output power, at transmit frequencies between 800 MHz and 1 GHz.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128307488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875755
S. A. Askeland, T. Ekman
Automotive radar systems operating in urban areas phase a hard challenge detecting relevant targets since their signals are corrupted by strong clutter signals from the ground and surrounding buildings and because dense target scenarios may cause ambiguities. The combined FSK-LFMCW waveform by Rohling solves the range/velocity ambiguity within a short measurement time but the FFT used in the processing have limited resolution and large side lobe levels that are troublesome in dense target situations. In this paper we use the FSK-LFMCW waveform in an array system and define the target detection and parameter extraction as a 2D frequency estimation problem. We compare the performance of the non-parametric Capon and APES estimators with the regular FFT processing. The results show that we obtain better accuracy for the estimated target parameters and that we have a larger probability of target detection and a much smaller false alarm ratio.
{"title":"2D spectral estimation for unambiguous detection of automotive radar targets","authors":"S. A. Askeland, T. Ekman","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875755","url":null,"abstract":"Automotive radar systems operating in urban areas phase a hard challenge detecting relevant targets since their signals are corrupted by strong clutter signals from the ground and surrounding buildings and because dense target scenarios may cause ambiguities. The combined FSK-LFMCW waveform by Rohling solves the range/velocity ambiguity within a short measurement time but the FFT used in the processing have limited resolution and large side lobe levels that are troublesome in dense target situations. In this paper we use the FSK-LFMCW waveform in an array system and define the target detection and parameter extraction as a 2D frequency estimation problem. We compare the performance of the non-parametric Capon and APES estimators with the regular FFT processing. The results show that we obtain better accuracy for the estimated target parameters and that we have a larger probability of target detection and a much smaller false alarm ratio.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126132771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875734
R. Raj, R. Lipps, A. Bottoms
We present novel techniques for ISAR imaging via a Sparsity-based image reconstruction methodology. The latter offer a distinct advantage of Fourier based reconstruction techniques by offering the flexibility of using different basis functions to represent the underlying scene structure being imaged. We derive our ISAR algorithm in detail and present experimental results on real ISAR data showing its superiority over traditional Fourier based image reconstruction. We also demonstrate how our formulation of the ISAR imaging problem overcomes some of limitations associated previous approaches to CS (Compressive Sensing) based ISAR imaging in the literature.
{"title":"Sparsity-based image reconstruction techniques for ISAR imaging","authors":"R. Raj, R. Lipps, A. Bottoms","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875734","url":null,"abstract":"We present novel techniques for ISAR imaging via a Sparsity-based image reconstruction methodology. The latter offer a distinct advantage of Fourier based reconstruction techniques by offering the flexibility of using different basis functions to represent the underlying scene structure being imaged. We derive our ISAR algorithm in detail and present experimental results on real ISAR data showing its superiority over traditional Fourier based image reconstruction. We also demonstrate how our formulation of the ISAR imaging problem overcomes some of limitations associated previous approaches to CS (Compressive Sensing) based ISAR imaging in the literature.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127308270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875646
B. Barber
The role of sea clutter spikes in the SAR imaging of sandbanks at 20° grazing angle and HH polarization is investigated. Experimental data is presented and analysed to obtain statistical properties of the spike intensities based on K distributions. The phase statistics are also investigated using a three channel ATI and the velocities of the spikes measured and shown to be consistent with metre scale gravity waves.
{"title":"Modulated sea surface radar scatterers at moderate grazing angles","authors":"B. Barber","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875646","url":null,"abstract":"The role of sea clutter spikes in the SAR imaging of sandbanks at 20° grazing angle and HH polarization is investigated. Experimental data is presented and analysed to obtain statistical properties of the spike intensities based on K distributions. The phase statistics are also investigated using a three channel ATI and the velocities of the spikes measured and shown to be consistent with metre scale gravity waves.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127670473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875747
S. Searle, J. Palmer, L. Davis, D. O’Hagan, M. Ummenhofer
The presence of clutter in passive radar returns imposes a minimum floor level on the ambiguity surface, masking weak returns and reducing dynamic range. When the illuminating signal is a form of OFDM, orthogonality between subcarriers can be exploited to produce a zero floor within certain delay bins. In this paper we compare and contrast several such ambiguity processing techniques for general OFDM signals. The methods are applied to simulated and real DVB-T passive radar returns having a wide range of delays. It is shown that an OFDM-specific method can outperform a standard pulse-Doppler processing method under certain conditions. An example is provided using real German DVB-T data from Fraunhofer FHR.
{"title":"Evaluation of the ambiguity function for passive radar with OFDM transmissions","authors":"S. Searle, J. Palmer, L. Davis, D. O’Hagan, M. Ummenhofer","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875747","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of clutter in passive radar returns imposes a minimum floor level on the ambiguity surface, masking weak returns and reducing dynamic range. When the illuminating signal is a form of OFDM, orthogonality between subcarriers can be exploited to produce a zero floor within certain delay bins. In this paper we compare and contrast several such ambiguity processing techniques for general OFDM signals. The methods are applied to simulated and real DVB-T passive radar returns having a wide range of delays. It is shown that an OFDM-specific method can outperform a standard pulse-Doppler processing method under certain conditions. An example is provided using real German DVB-T data from Fraunhofer FHR.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"255 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114602945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875682
S. Kay, Fuat Çogun
In this paper, the detection/localization of a target based on radio-frequency (RF) and infra-red (IR) data sources problem is addressed. The target is assumed to radiate an RF signal to multiple widely distributed sensors in space and is imaged using multiple frames of an IR sensor. The goal is to integrate RF and IR data to reliably detect and localize the target. The generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) approach is employed to find the detector. In order to reduce the computation required by a straightforward GLRT, the random basis function (RBF) approach is used.
{"title":"Integrated sensor detection/localization for multi-source data","authors":"S. Kay, Fuat Çogun","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875682","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the detection/localization of a target based on radio-frequency (RF) and infra-red (IR) data sources problem is addressed. The target is assumed to radiate an RF signal to multiple widely distributed sensors in space and is imaged using multiple frames of an IR sensor. The goal is to integrate RF and IR data to reliably detect and localize the target. The generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) approach is employed to find the detector. In order to reduce the computation required by a straightforward GLRT, the random basis function (RBF) approach is used.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121390446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875588
Stuart Williams, M. Leifer, V. Chandrasekar
A concept for a Multi-Function Phased Array Radar (MPAR) to provide next generation simultaneous aircraft and weather surveillance has been developed. This paper discusses a number of system design considerations that are needed to address the multi-mission challenges of MPAR, especially with respect to its stringent timeline objectives.
{"title":"Radar system design techniques to address timeline challenges of multifunction phased array radar","authors":"Stuart Williams, M. Leifer, V. Chandrasekar","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875588","url":null,"abstract":"A concept for a Multi-Function Phased Array Radar (MPAR) to provide next generation simultaneous aircraft and weather surveillance has been developed. This paper discusses a number of system design considerations that are needed to address the multi-mission challenges of MPAR, especially with respect to its stringent timeline objectives.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125855006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875609
Doo-Hyun Cho, Han-Lim Choi, Jin-Ik Lee, Kyung-Rok Song
This paper proposes a filtering method to estimate the length of a moving target tracked by a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. The method generates high resolution range profiles (HRRPs) from the radar echo signal and then integrates them into an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to simultaneously estimate the target motion and geometry. Numerical simulations on tracking a ballistic target represented by one-dimensional scattering centers verify the effectiveness of the proposed length estimation methodology.
{"title":"HRRPs-based target length estimation using a FMCW radar","authors":"Doo-Hyun Cho, Han-Lim Choi, Jin-Ik Lee, Kyung-Rok Song","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875609","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a filtering method to estimate the length of a moving target tracked by a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. The method generates high resolution range profiles (HRRPs) from the radar echo signal and then integrates them into an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to simultaneously estimate the target motion and geometry. Numerical simulations on tracking a ballistic target represented by one-dimensional scattering centers verify the effectiveness of the proposed length estimation methodology.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126143200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875662
A. Wind, J. D. Gerber, J. Griesbach
The presence of large wind turbine farms has been shown to significantly degrade radar tracking of aircraft. The loss in localized radar coverage could pose issues in airspace management, especially within Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR) areas. As wind turbine development expands, there is an increasing potential that the degraded radar tracking surveillance could negatively impact safety operations. Two analytical approaches are considered to compute the probability of successfully intercepting and escorting an unauthorized aircraft away from TFR controlled areas near wind turbines. New models, which were specifically designed to address wind turbine interference with ground-based radars, are utilized to simulate both the losses in radar tracking continuity from wind turbine obscuration and the resulting impact this has on airspace safety operations. Probability distributions are used to model intercept / escort processes including interceptor take-off times. A probability of success expected value is computed for candidate routes over a range of aircraft velocities. The intercept sequences are modeled under various conditions (no turbines, existing turbines, and expected future turbine development) to measure the contrast in probability of success lost as a direct result of turbines. Both Monte Carlo and convolutional “Direct Probability” approaches are considered.
{"title":"Impacts of wind turbine farm obscurations on aircraft escort probability of success","authors":"A. Wind, J. D. Gerber, J. Griesbach","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875662","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of large wind turbine farms has been shown to significantly degrade radar tracking of aircraft. The loss in localized radar coverage could pose issues in airspace management, especially within Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR) areas. As wind turbine development expands, there is an increasing potential that the degraded radar tracking surveillance could negatively impact safety operations. Two analytical approaches are considered to compute the probability of successfully intercepting and escorting an unauthorized aircraft away from TFR controlled areas near wind turbines. New models, which were specifically designed to address wind turbine interference with ground-based radars, are utilized to simulate both the losses in radar tracking continuity from wind turbine obscuration and the resulting impact this has on airspace safety operations. Probability distributions are used to model intercept / escort processes including interceptor take-off times. A probability of success expected value is computed for candidate routes over a range of aircraft velocities. The intercept sequences are modeled under various conditions (no turbines, existing turbines, and expected future turbine development) to measure the contrast in probability of success lost as a direct result of turbines. Both Monte Carlo and convolutional “Direct Probability” approaches are considered.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"518 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123105942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-19DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875822
K. Windham, N. Goodman
Compressive sensing (CS) is becoming a popular technique for data acquisition and image reconstruction. However, sparse reconstruction often involves iterative inversion of a large system of equations. This paper explores the effects of slow-time subsampling on the Range Migration Algorithm (RMA) for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). The objective is to consider methods of merging traditional image formation steps, such as range curvature correction, with CS methods for sparse reconstruction. If higher-order phase compensations can still be performed via existing algorithms, then it may be possible to perform image formation via a parallel set of reduced-size sparse reconstructions rather than one large reconstruction. We study range migration correction and evaluate the imaging function for scatterers distributed across the field of view and for various compression levels.
{"title":"Preliminary results on subsampling effects on range migration correction in SAR imaging","authors":"K. Windham, N. Goodman","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875822","url":null,"abstract":"Compressive sensing (CS) is becoming a popular technique for data acquisition and image reconstruction. However, sparse reconstruction often involves iterative inversion of a large system of equations. This paper explores the effects of slow-time subsampling on the Range Migration Algorithm (RMA) for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). The objective is to consider methods of merging traditional image formation steps, such as range curvature correction, with CS methods for sparse reconstruction. If higher-order phase compensations can still be performed via existing algorithms, then it may be possible to perform image formation via a parallel set of reduced-size sparse reconstructions rather than one large reconstruction. We study range migration correction and evaluate the imaging function for scatterers distributed across the field of view and for various compression levels.","PeriodicalId":127690,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130082488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：