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2020 27th Saint Petersburg International Conference on Integrated Navigation Systems (ICINS)最新文献

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Path Planning with Improved Artificial Potential Field Method Based on Decision Tree 基于决策树的改进人工势场法路径规划
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9134006
Xin Lin, Zhan-Qing Wang, Xudong Chen
Path planning is one of the key research directions in the field of mobile robots. It ensures that moving objects can reach the target point safely and without collision in a complex obstacle environment. The path planning is to search an optimal path from the starting point to the target point for the mobile robot in an environment with obstacles, according to certain evaluation criteria (such as the time, the best path, the minimum energy consumption, etc.). The path planning based on artificial potential field method has been paid more and more attention because of its advantages such as convenient calculation, simple implementation of hardware and outstanding real-time performance. However, the artificial potential field method has some limitations, such as the local minimum, the oscillation of moving objects among obstacles and so on. To solve these problems, we can introduce the idea of decision tree into the artificial potential field method for improvement. In machine learning, decision tree is usually used for classification. It is a prediction model, which represents a mapping relationship between object attributes and object values. By utilizing the advantages of decision tree in rule expression and extraction, an improved artificial potential field path planning model based on decision tree is constructed, which can realize real-time and accurate identification of current behavior and fast decision-making of next time behavior in path planning. Aiming at the dynamic path planning problem of mobile robots in indoor complex environment, based on the traditional artificial potential field method, this paper introduces the distance term into the potential field function, and proposes an improved artificial potential field method based on the idea of decision tree, to solve the local minimum, the oscillation between obstacles and concave obstacle problems. According to repulsion coefficient, deflection angle of resultant force and velocity, a reasonable classification decision is made to meet the needs of different obstacle distribution scenarios, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation experiments. Simulation results show that, compared with the traditional artificial potential field method, the planning time of improved algorithm is reduced by 50%, and the smoothness of path planning by the improved algorithm is increased by 43.3%.
路径规划是移动机器人领域的重点研究方向之一。它保证了在复杂的障碍物环境中,运动物体能够安全、无碰撞地到达目标点。路径规划是移动机器人在有障碍物的环境中,按照一定的评价标准(如时间、最佳路径、最小能耗等),从起点到目标点寻找一条最优路径。基于人工势场法的路径规划以其计算方便、硬件实现简单、实时性好等优点受到越来越多的关注。然而,人工势场法存在局部极小值、运动物体在障碍物之间的振荡等局限性。为了解决这些问题,我们可以在人工势场法中引入决策树的思想进行改进。在机器学习中,决策树通常用于分类。它是一个预测模型,表示对象属性和对象值之间的映射关系。利用决策树在规则表达和提取方面的优势,构建了一种改进的基于决策树的人工势场路径规划模型,实现了路径规划中当前行为的实时准确识别和下次行为的快速决策。针对室内复杂环境下移动机器人动态路径规划问题,在传统人工势场法的基础上,在势场函数中引入距离项,提出了一种基于决策树思想的改进人工势场法,解决了局部最小值、障碍物间振荡和凹障碍物问题。根据斥力系数、合力偏转角和速度,对不同障碍物分布场景进行合理的分类决策,并通过仿真实验验证了所提出方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,与传统人工势场法相比,改进算法的规划时间缩短了50%,路径规划的平滑度提高了43.3%。
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引用次数: 25
Propellant Consumption-Optimized Lunar Landing Using Signals from Circumlunar Satellite Navigation 基于环月卫星导航信号的推进剂消耗优化月球着陆
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133923
E. Mikrin, I. V. Orlovskii, I. A. Krasnopol’skii, M. Mikhailov, S. Rozhkov
The paper reviews a possible lunar mission architecture, where lunar modules are integrated on the lunar Orbital Station (OS), placed in a high lunar orbit (HLO). It discusses the concept of transfers from HLO to an intermediate low lunar orbit (LLO), transfer to a descent orbit, landing at a designated point on the Moon, and return to the OS. An approach was defined, and algorithms were determined and run in simulations for rough and fine control during various phases of the flight. An approach was defined for implementing propellant consumption-optimized descent from LLO to the designated landing target, the lowest possible value for the braking burn required for the descent was defined. Algorithms were developed for quasi-optimal descent during braking phase using measurements from lunar navigation satellites, with the braking burn value which is close to the optimal landing. Relationship between the braking burn and the ratio of the engine thrust to the mass of the Lunar Ascent/Descent Vehicle (LADV) was studied. Relationship between the braking burn of the quasi-optimal landing and the ratio of the engine thrust to the mass of LADV was studied. An approach to and control algorithms for providing operator support for lunar landing were developed, which provide the capability to visually asses the suitability of the landing target from the standpoint of landing safety and, if need be, the ability for the operator to intervene into the control process in order to move the landing target to a safer site.
本文回顾了一种可能的月球任务架构,其中月球模块集成在月球轨道站(OS)上,放置在月球高轨道(HLO)上。讨论了从HLO转移到中低月球轨道(LLO),转移到下降轨道,在月球上指定点着陆,返回操作系统的概念。定义了一种方法,确定了算法,并在模拟中运行了飞行各个阶段的粗控和精控。定义了一种从LLO降至指定着陆目标的推进剂消耗优化方法,确定了降至指定着陆目标所需制动燃烧的最低可能值。利用月球导航卫星的测量数据,开发了制动阶段的准最优下降算法,使制动燃烧值接近最优着陆。研究了月球上升/下降飞行器制动燃烧与发动机推力质量比之间的关系。研究了准最优着陆时的制动燃烧与发动机推力与LADV质量比的关系。开发了一种为月球着陆提供操作员支持的方法和控制算法,它提供了从着陆安全的角度直观评估着陆目标适用性的能力,如果需要,操作员可以干预控制过程,以便将着陆目标移动到更安全的地点。
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引用次数: 0
Using High-Precision Satellite Measurements to Solve the Problem of Marine Gravimetric Surveys 利用高精度卫星测量解决海洋重力测量问题
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133743
A. Motorin, O. Stepanov, D. Koshaev, A. Krasnov, A. Sokolov
Paper presents the results of real data gravimetric survey processing, which makes possible to evaluate the efficiency of using high-precision satellite measurements in marine surveys. The results are also compared with predicted ones, which were previously obtained by simulation.
本文介绍了实际数据的重力测量处理结果,为评价高精度卫星测量在海洋测量中的有效性提供了可能。并将模拟结果与预测结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Distributed Attitude System Based on MEMS Inertial Sensor Network 基于MEMS惯性传感器网络的分布式姿态系统研究
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133902
Y. Deng, G. Yan, X. K. Yang
Multiple sensors in distributed attitude systems can be installed in different parts of the carrier, providing more information and introducing errors. Compared with the traditional attitude system, the common error sources of distributed attitude system sensors are installation error and inner lever arm error. In order to improve this problem, the installation error and inertial lever errors of distributed attitude system are analyzed and modeled. Simulation results are given. The results show that the installation error and the inner lever arm error have a great influence on the accuracy, which must be paid attention to in the practical application.
分布式姿态系统中的多个传感器可以安装在载体的不同部位,提供更多的信息并引入误差。与传统姿态系统相比,分布式姿态系统传感器的常见误差来源是安装误差和内杠杆臂误差。为了改善这一问题,对分布式姿态系统的安装误差和惯性杠杆误差进行了分析和建模。给出了仿真结果。结果表明,安装误差和内杆臂误差对精度影响较大,在实际应用中必须引起重视。
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引用次数: 0
The Advantages of Using Highly Stable Reference Oscillators in the Receiving Equipment of GNSS Signals 在GNSS信号接收设备中使用高稳定基准振荡器的优点
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133990
V. Pudlovsky
The advantages of navigation solution based on the signals from three GNSS satellites and using the frequency standard in receiving equipment are discussed. The possibility of obtaining navigation solution when using the extended Kalman filter algorithm without predicting the receiver clock and receiving only three GNSS signals for several tens of minutes is shown as possible only for a highly stable reference oscillator.
讨论了基于三颗GNSS卫星信号并在接收设备中使用频率标准的导航方案的优点。使用扩展卡尔曼滤波算法而不预测接收机时钟,并且仅接收三个GNSS信号数十分钟时,获得导航解的可能性仅显示为高度稳定的参考振荡器。
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引用次数: 0
Robust INS/GPS Coupled Navigation Based on Minimum Error Entropy Kalman Filtering 基于最小误差熵卡尔曼滤波的稳健INS/GPS耦合导航
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133871
H. Benzerrouk, R. Landry, Vladimir Nebylov, A. Nebylov
This paper addresses the results showing the expanded use or improvement of the accuracy, availability, and/or integrity performance of multisensory navigation systems. In addition, Processing algorithms and methods for multisensory systems are significantly improved when noises are non-Gaussian. In the literature, different modified linear and nonlinear Kalman filters (KFs) were derived under the Gaussian assumption and the well-known minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. In order to improve their robustness with respect to impulsive non-Gaussian noises, different algorithms and techniques based on Gaussian sum filtering, Huber based estimators and recently introduced maximum Correntropy criterion (MCC) have recently been used to counter the weakness of the MMSE criterion in developing different versions of robust Kalman filters.
本文讨论了显示多感官导航系统的准确性、可用性和/或完整性性能的扩展使用或改进的结果。此外,在非高斯噪声条件下,多感官系统的处理算法和方法也得到了显著改进。在文献中,在高斯假设和众所周知的最小均方误差(MMSE)准则下,推导了不同的修正线性和非线性卡尔曼滤波器(KFs)。为了提高它们对脉冲非高斯噪声的鲁棒性,最近在开发不同版本的鲁棒卡尔曼滤波器时,使用了基于高斯和滤波、基于Huber估计和最近引入的最大相关熵准则(MCC)的不同算法和技术来克服MMSE准则的弱点。
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引用次数: 4
Certification Flight Test Methods for Pilot and Navigation Systems Using the Integrated System Based on Satellite Technologies 基于卫星技术的驾驶导航综合系统飞行试验方法鉴定
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133817
E. Kharin, A. Yakushev, O. Mordvinov, Vladivir Kopelovitch, L. Lovitskiy, I. Kopylov, S. Pushkov
The paper deals with the conditions, methods, and support facilities for aircraft certification tests. Given as an example is determination of aerodynamic errors in altitude and speed measurements taken onboard Il-78M-90A aircraft.
本文论述了飞机审定试验的条件、方法和保障设施。给出的例子是确定在伊尔- 78m - 90a飞机上进行的高度和速度测量中的气动误差。
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引用次数: 0
Novel INS/GPS/Fisheye-Camera Loosely/Tightly Coupled Enhancing Robust Navigation in Dense Urban Environment 新型INS/GPS/鱼眼相机松/紧耦合增强密集城市环境鲁棒导航
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133976
H. Benzerrouk, R. Landry, Vladimir Nebylov, A. Nebylov
This paper addresses an original problem of integrated navigation system INS/GPS in urban environment when LOS/NLOS measurement could be mixed and sequentially available. To solve this problem, multiple Kalman filtering algorithms were investigated and tested on a real designed platform called: nanoiBB, which is an integrated navigation and recording system developed by LASSENA laboratory in ETS-Montreal. With IMU 9DOF and GPS receiver, Loosely and Tightly coupled approach were implemented and compared for long duration navigation in the city of Montreal, in Obstructed and Unobstructed areas, when experimental data collected from four (04) iBB systems were used to analyze and validate loosely/tightly coupled Information Fusion method for INS/GPS integrated system. To achieve that, different scenarios and observability conditions were assumed and then implemented in different Kalman filtering frameworks in post processing; to achieve the best NLOS detection, Fisheye camera view was selected to detect NLOS regions and select the best adaptive or robust nonlinear filters for loosely/tightly integration. It is important to mention that there is no rejection of satellites, instead, adaptive fading factors and Hinfinity versions of Gauss quadrature Kalman filters was designed and applied. During the tests, micro-iBB integrated navigation systems and recorders have demonstrated good performances using EKF/UKF, then with much higher efficiency when using High degree Cubature Kalman filters. It was found that it is a good candidate for driving assessment and data recording systems, in real time and post processing data analysis for event emergency detection even in dense urban environment.
本文解决了城市环境下组合导航系统INS/GPS在LOS/NLOS测量混合且顺序可用的问题。为了解决这个问题,我们研究了多种卡尔曼滤波算法,并在一个名为nanoiBB的实际设计平台上进行了测试。nanoiBB是由ETS-Montreal的LASSENA实验室开发的综合导航和记录系统。采用IMU 9DOF和GPS接收机,在蒙特利尔市的障碍物和非障碍物区域实现了松散和紧密耦合的长时程导航,并进行了比较,并利用4个(04)iBB系统的实验数据分析和验证了松散/紧密耦合信息融合方法在INS/GPS集成系统中的应用。为了实现这一目标,在后处理中假设了不同的场景和可观测性条件,并在不同的卡尔曼滤波框架中实现;为了实现最佳的NLOS检测,选择鱼眼摄像机视图来检测NLOS区域,并选择最佳自适应或鲁棒非线性滤波器进行松散/紧密集成。值得注意的是,该系统没有对卫星的抑制,而是设计并应用了自适应衰落因子和无限版高斯正交卡尔曼滤波器。在测试中,微ibb组合导航系统和记录仪在使用EKF/UKF时表现出良好的性能,然后在使用高次Cubature卡尔曼滤波器时具有更高的效率。结果表明,即使在人口密集的城市环境中,它也可以作为驾驶评估和数据记录系统,用于事件紧急检测的实时和后处理数据分析。
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引用次数: 2
New Gyroscopes of the “Generalized Foucault Pendulum” Family: Some Fundamental Issues of Theory and Applied Aspects of Its Implementation in the Engineering Practice of Modern Gyroscopy “广义福柯摆”族新型陀螺仪:现代陀螺仪工程实践中实施的一些基本理论问题及其应用
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133890
S. Perelyaev, S. B. Bodunov, V. Zhuravlev, B. P. Bodunov
Some fundamental issues of the Generalized Foucault Pendulum (GFP) theory are shown. The basic physical effect inherent in this gyro family is described and general ways of controlling their phase state are formed. The problems of the operational stability are considered and calibration equations are deduced. The applied aspects of the Generalized Foucault pendulum theory implementation in precision gyro sensors and specified embodiments of modern hemispherical resonator gyros for low-speed and high-speed objects of air-space applications are presented.
给出了广义傅科摆理论的几个基本问题。描述了该陀螺系列固有的基本物理效应,并形成了控制其相态的一般方法。考虑了系统的运行稳定性问题,推导了标定方程。介绍了广义傅科摆理论在精密陀螺仪传感器中的应用,以及用于低速和高速航空航天物体的现代半球形谐振陀螺仪的具体实施例。
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引用次数: 3
Design of an Ultra-Tightly Coupled Integrated INS/GPS Navigation System Based on UPF 基于UPF的INS/GPS超紧耦合集成导航系统设计
Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23919/icins43215.2020.9133853
J. Ren, J. Zi, H. Y. Guan, J. Li
For the strong nonlinearity of ultra-tightly coupled INS/GPS navigation system, this paper present to use the unscented particle filter (UPF) for integration system. The nonlinear measurement equation can be constructed by including the second-order term in the Taylor series of the pseudorange measurements. At the same time, the UPF algorithm is simplified, which greatly reduces the computational complexity caused by a large number of UT transformations. The experimental results indicated that the UPF-based ultra-tight INS/GPS integration system can effectively overcome the nonlinear error, and has higher signal tracking performance and navigation performance in highly dynamic and strong interference environments.
针对超紧密耦合惯导/GPS导航系统的强非线性特性,提出将无气味粒子滤波(UPF)应用于集成系统。非线性测量方程可以通过在伪距测量的泰勒级数中加入二阶项来构造。同时,对UPF算法进行了简化,大大降低了大量UT变换带来的计算复杂度。实验结果表明,基于upf的超紧密INS/GPS集成系统能有效克服非线性误差,在高动态、强干扰环境下具有较高的信号跟踪性能和导航性能。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2020 27th Saint Petersburg International Conference on Integrated Navigation Systems (ICINS)
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