Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.110-125
Aditya Nugroho, Vilda Puji Dini Anita, Deden Derajat Matra, Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar, Ulfah Juniarti Siregar
Sengon (Falcataria falcata (L.) Greuter & R. Rankin) plantations in Indonesia are threatened by attacks from Boktor stem borers and gall rust disease. Controlling pests and diseases is difficult; therefore, planting resistant trees obtained from tree selection programs is necessary. Currently, genomic breeding often incorporates GWAS, which uses thousands of SNP markers to identify markers with significant associations with the traits studied. This study aimed to bypass such expensive studies by identifying and developing SNP markers from sequences of putative resistance genes to Boktor stem borer and gall rust disease, identified from sengon transcriptomic data analysis. A total of 496,194 putative SNP sites were identified from transcriptomic sequences using the SAMtools and BFCtools programs, of which 119 SNP sites were associated with resistance genes. Of the 101 non-synonymous SNPs selected, only 12 were located in the conserved domain of each gene and were used for primer design. Of the 13 primers designed, only 10 were successfully amplified. Validation of 10 developed SNP markers on 100 sengon accessions using the HRM method confirmed a significant association between SNP markers and resistance traits, with a -log 10 (P-value) between 10.49 and 16.63. A few SNPs markers developed from putative resistance gene sequences are associated with resistance traits in sengon. Therefore, the SNP markers could be applied in selection programs for sengon trees resistant to Boktor stem borers and gall rust disease.
{"title":"Development of Few Significant SNP Markers from Transcriptomic Data for Selection of Sengon (Falcataria falcata (L.) Greuter & R. Rankin) Resistant to Boktor Stem Borer and Gall Rust Disease","authors":"Aditya Nugroho, Vilda Puji Dini Anita, Deden Derajat Matra, Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar, Ulfah Juniarti Siregar","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.110-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.110-125","url":null,"abstract":"Sengon (Falcataria falcata (L.) Greuter & R. Rankin) plantations in Indonesia are threatened by attacks from Boktor stem borers and gall rust disease. Controlling pests and diseases is difficult; therefore, planting resistant trees obtained from tree selection programs is necessary. Currently, genomic breeding often incorporates GWAS, which uses thousands of SNP markers to identify markers with significant associations with the traits studied. This study aimed to bypass such expensive studies by identifying and developing SNP markers from sequences of putative resistance genes to Boktor stem borer and gall rust disease, identified from sengon transcriptomic data analysis. A total of 496,194 putative SNP sites were identified from transcriptomic sequences using the SAMtools and BFCtools programs, of which 119 SNP sites were associated with resistance genes. Of the 101 non-synonymous SNPs selected, only 12 were located in the conserved domain of each gene and were used for primer design. Of the 13 primers designed, only 10 were successfully amplified. Validation of 10 developed SNP markers on 100 sengon accessions using the HRM method confirmed a significant association between SNP markers and resistance traits, with a -log 10 (P-value) between 10.49 and 16.63. A few SNPs markers developed from putative resistance gene sequences are associated with resistance traits in sengon. Therefore, the SNP markers could be applied in selection programs for sengon trees resistant to Boktor stem borers and gall rust disease.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) is a grain-producing crop with high nutritional benefits and adaptability to broad environmental conditions. Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions are valuable genetic resources for crop improvement of the species. This study aims to assess the biodiversity of Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions and estimate their salinity tolerance level utilizing the SiDREB2-based SNAP marker and early evaluation at the seedling stage. Our results showed that eight Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions, namely Toraja, Mauliru-2, Hambapraing, NTB-1, ICERI-5, ICERI-6, Botok-4, and Botok-10, had high variability based on agro-morphological traits. The Hambapraing and Mauliru-2 were the potential accessions with high yield estimates (2.33 ton.ha-1 and 1.93 ton.ha-1) and early harvest time (<110 DAT). ICERI-6 was indicated as a salinity-tolerant genotype based on the SiDREB2-based marker and early salinity evaluation at the seedling stage, while Toraja, Mauliru-2, NTB-1, and Botok-4 were categorized as sensitive genotypes. Germplasm variability and the estimated salinity tolerance level of Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions presented in this study serve as essential information in the foxtail millet breeding for high productivity, early harvest time, and salinity tolerant variety.
谷子(Setaria italica L. Beauv.)是一种营养价值高、适应广泛环境条件的粮食生产作物。印尼当地谷子种质是谷子作物改良的宝贵遗传资源。本研究旨在利用基于sidreb2的SNAP标记和苗期早期评价，对印度尼西亚当地谷子资源的生物多样性进行评价，并估计其耐盐水平。结果表明，印度尼西亚8个地方谷子材料Toraja、mauliu -2、Hambapraing、NTB-1、ICERI-5、ICERI-6、Botok-4和Botok-10在农业形态性状上具有较高的变异率。Hambapraing和Mauliru-2是具有高产量估计(2.33吨)的潜在品种。ha-1和1.93 t .ha-1)和早期收获时间(<110 DAT)。基于sidreb2标记和苗期早期盐度评价，ICERI-6为耐盐基因型，而Toraja、Mauliru-2、NTB-1和Botok-4为敏感基因型。本研究提供的印尼地方谷子种质变异和耐盐水平估计，可为谷子高产、早收和耐盐品种的选育提供重要信息。
{"title":"The Genetic Variability of Indonesian Local Foxtail Millet Accession Based on Agro-morphological Traits and Early Salinity Tolerance Evaluation Utilizing SiDREB2-based SNAP Marker","authors":"Sri Ratnawati, Rika Miftakhul Jannah, Yuli Irvana Dewi, Ramadaniarto Rizqullah, Willy Bayuardi Suwarno, Sintho Wahyuning Ardie","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.82-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.82-93","url":null,"abstract":"Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) is a grain-producing crop with high nutritional benefits and adaptability to broad environmental conditions. Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions are valuable genetic resources for crop improvement of the species. This study aims to assess the biodiversity of Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions and estimate their salinity tolerance level utilizing the SiDREB2-based SNAP marker and early evaluation at the seedling stage. Our results showed that eight Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions, namely Toraja, Mauliru-2, Hambapraing, NTB-1, ICERI-5, ICERI-6, Botok-4, and Botok-10, had high variability based on agro-morphological traits. The Hambapraing and Mauliru-2 were the potential accessions with high yield estimates (2.33 ton.ha-1 and 1.93 ton.ha-1) and early harvest time (<110 DAT). ICERI-6 was indicated as a salinity-tolerant genotype based on the SiDREB2-based marker and early salinity evaluation at the seedling stage, while Toraja, Mauliru-2, NTB-1, and Botok-4 were categorized as sensitive genotypes. Germplasm variability and the estimated salinity tolerance level of Indonesian local foxtail millet accessions presented in this study serve as essential information in the foxtail millet breeding for high productivity, early harvest time, and salinity tolerant variety.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136057908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.1.102-109
Alan Verangga, Nur Qomariyah, Firas Khaleyla
Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract (BLE) contains high antioxidant levels. Antioxidants can suppress reactive oxygen species produced during hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes mellitus (DM), which cause damage to liver tissue. This study aimed to determine the BLE effect on fasting blood glucose (FBG), Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), and liver tissue damage. We used 24 mice in 6 different groups, divided by N (normal), K- (DM), K+ (DM+glibenclamide 0.013mg/20gBW), E1 (DM+ extract 6.3mg/20gBW), E2 (DM+ extract 8.4mg/20gBW), and E3 (DM + extract 10.5mg/20gBW). We used an alloxan dose of 120mg/kgBW to induce the DM and then treated with BLE for 14 days. We measured the fasting blood glucose using a glucometer. In addition, we evaluated the liver tissue damage with HSI and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) stained histological slides. The results showed that BLE significantly reduced the percentage of FBG and liver tissue damage, while HSI showed no significant difference. The most optimal extract dose was 8.4 mg/20gBW (E2 group), with an FBG decrease of 26.44%, a normal cell percentage of 88.56%, and an HSI score of 6.18%. Based on this finding, we concluded that bilimbi leaf extract could lower blood glucose and improve liver histology of diabetic mice but did not significantly affect HSI.
{"title":"Effect of Averrhoa bilimbi Leaf Extract on Blood Glucose Level, Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), and Liver Histology of Diabetic Mice","authors":"Alan Verangga, Nur Qomariyah, Firas Khaleyla","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.102-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.102-109","url":null,"abstract":"Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract (BLE) contains high antioxidant levels. Antioxidants can suppress reactive oxygen species produced during hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes mellitus (DM), which cause damage to liver tissue. This study aimed to determine the BLE effect on fasting blood glucose (FBG), Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), and liver tissue damage. We used 24 mice in 6 different groups, divided by N (normal), K- (DM), K+ (DM+glibenclamide 0.013mg/20gBW), E1 (DM+ extract 6.3mg/20gBW), E2 (DM+ extract 8.4mg/20gBW), and E3 (DM + extract 10.5mg/20gBW). We used an alloxan dose of 120mg/kgBW to induce the DM and then treated with BLE for 14 days. We measured the fasting blood glucose using a glucometer. In addition, we evaluated the liver tissue damage with HSI and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) stained histological slides. The results showed that BLE significantly reduced the percentage of FBG and liver tissue damage, while HSI showed no significant difference. The most optimal extract dose was 8.4 mg/20gBW (E2 group), with an FBG decrease of 26.44%, a normal cell percentage of 88.56%, and an HSI score of 6.18%. Based on this finding, we concluded that bilimbi leaf extract could lower blood glucose and improve liver histology of diabetic mice but did not significantly affect HSI.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136057910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increasing shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) production can be done by application of botanical or true shallot seeds (TSS). Meanwhile, it is well understood that botanical seeds are difficult to produce due to shallots' low flowering capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the generative traits of three local shallot varieties affected by various doses of zinc (Zn). This study was structured using a split-plot design, where the main plots were varieties (Lokana, Rubaru, and Ambassador 3 Agrihorti). In addition, the sub-plot treatment, the dose of zinc (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 kg ha-1), was repeated three times. There is an effect of the main factor (variety) where Rubaru and Ambassador 3 Agrihorti show the fastest umbel emergence. In addition, our data show the interaction effects on the age of sheat breaking, flower blooming (DAP), morphology traits of generative organs, and leaf traits. In detail, Lokana with a Zn dose of 1.5 ha-1 shows the best results on the length and diameter of the umbel stalk; Rubaru with Zn 1 kg ha-1 on the age of broken sheath and chlorophyll index; and the Ambassador 3 Agrihorti with Zn 0.5 kg ha-1 on the number of flowers. On the one hand, it can be concluded that each variety responded differently to the dose of Zn. Concerning seed production, on the other hand, the Ambassador 3 Agrihorti with Zn 0.5 kg ha-1 has better potential to be developed for TSS, as seen from the number of flowers per umbel, a higher percentage of flowering plants and a relatively fast flowering time than other varieties.
应用植物性或真葱种子(TSS)可提高葱(Allium ascalonicum L.)的产量。同时，众所周知，由于葱的开花能力较低，植物种子难以生产。本研究旨在评价不同锌处理对3个地方大葱品种生殖性状的影响。本研究采用分块设计，其中主要地块为品种(Lokana、Rubaru和Ambassador 3 Agrihorti)。此外，分组处理，锌剂量(0、0.5、1和1.5 kg ha-1)重复三次。有一个主要因素(品种)的影响，其中Rubaru和Ambassador 3 Agrihorti显示出最快的伞形花序。此外，我们的数据还显示了互作对破穗年龄、开花(DAP)、生殖器官形态性状和叶片性状的影响。其中，锌用量为1.5 ha-1的Lokana对伞形花序茎长和直径的影响效果最好;加锌1 kg ha-1对芦笋断鞘年龄和叶绿素指数的影响;大使3号花的数量为0.5 kg ha-1。一方面，各品种对锌剂量的反应不同。另一方面，在种子生产方面，锌含量为0.5 kg ha-1的大使3号具有较好的TSS开发潜力，从每伞花序的花数、开花比例和开花时间都比其他品种高。
{"title":"Exogenous Zinc Application and Generative Traits of Three Local Shallot Varieties","authors":"Remi Widana Putri, Elkawakib Syam'un, Fachirah Ulfa","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.94-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.94-101","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) production can be done by application of botanical or true shallot seeds (TSS). Meanwhile, it is well understood that botanical seeds are difficult to produce due to shallots' low flowering capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the generative traits of three local shallot varieties affected by various doses of zinc (Zn). This study was structured using a split-plot design, where the main plots were varieties (Lokana, Rubaru, and Ambassador 3 Agrihorti). In addition, the sub-plot treatment, the dose of zinc (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 kg ha-1), was repeated three times. There is an effect of the main factor (variety) where Rubaru and Ambassador 3 Agrihorti show the fastest umbel emergence. In addition, our data show the interaction effects on the age of sheat breaking, flower blooming (DAP), morphology traits of generative organs, and leaf traits. In detail, Lokana with a Zn dose of 1.5 ha-1 shows the best results on the length and diameter of the umbel stalk; Rubaru with Zn 1 kg ha-1 on the age of broken sheath and chlorophyll index; and the Ambassador 3 Agrihorti with Zn 0.5 kg ha-1 on the number of flowers. On the one hand, it can be concluded that each variety responded differently to the dose of Zn. Concerning seed production, on the other hand, the Ambassador 3 Agrihorti with Zn 0.5 kg ha-1 has better potential to be developed for TSS, as seen from the number of flowers per umbel, a higher percentage of flowering plants and a relatively fast flowering time than other varieties.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136057907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti, Fadlina Chany Saputri, Arry Yanuar, Ratih Asmana Ningrum, Abdul Mun'im, Hayati Hayati
Pluchea indica (L.) Less is traditionally utilized to treat postpartum women in Indonesia. The plant has many pharmacological properties, so that it can be further developed as herbal medicine. In that development process, plant authentication is needed to ensure the quality of raw materials. A simple microscopical and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis might be a way to authenticate the plant, but it has never been reported. So, this study evaluates the microscopical and TLC analysis for P. indica authentication in standardized herbal medicines production. Plant microscopic observation, fluorescence analysis, and polyphenol screening were conducted. n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of plant organs were then analyzed by TLC. Here, we reported that in microscopical analysis the simplicia of P. indica contains trichomes and tannin-containing cells. In addition, chlorogenic acid as a marker was present in TLC analysis by ethyl acetate-water-formic acid-acetic acid (8.5:1.5:1:1, v/v). The results of this evaluation might provide additional information in the identification, authentication, and quality control of P. indica as a raw material for herbal medicine.
{"title":"Microscopical Evaluation and TLC Analysis of Pluchea indica (L.) Less: Leaf, Stem, and Root","authors":"Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti, Fadlina Chany Saputri, Arry Yanuar, Ratih Asmana Ningrum, Abdul Mun'im, Hayati Hayati","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.71-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.71-81","url":null,"abstract":"Pluchea indica (L.) Less is traditionally utilized to treat postpartum women in Indonesia. The plant has many pharmacological properties, so that it can be further developed as herbal medicine. In that development process, plant authentication is needed to ensure the quality of raw materials. A simple microscopical and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis might be a way to authenticate the plant, but it has never been reported. So, this study evaluates the microscopical and TLC analysis for P. indica authentication in standardized herbal medicines production. Plant microscopic observation, fluorescence analysis, and polyphenol screening were conducted. n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of plant organs were then analyzed by TLC. Here, we reported that in microscopical analysis the simplicia of P. indica contains trichomes and tannin-containing cells. In addition, chlorogenic acid as a marker was present in TLC analysis by ethyl acetate-water-formic acid-acetic acid (8.5:1.5:1:1, v/v). The results of this evaluation might provide additional information in the identification, authentication, and quality control of P. indica as a raw material for herbal medicine.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreanyta Meliala, Paramita Narwidina, Yogi Tri Sumarno
In various organs, such as the heart, kidneys, and colon, hypoxia enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the effects of reoxygenation, as occurs in intermittent hypoxia (IH) to achieve full recovery of hypoxic organs, are not yet clear. The acclimatization response can boost blood oxygen transport capacity, while hypoxia ROS can impact erythrocytes and plasma behavior, resulting in poor peripheral blood flow. This study aimed to study the antioxidant impact of puree Ficus carica (PFC) in rats with IH-induced oxidative stress. Twenty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: group N (control, untreated and not exposed to IH, and Group HC was exposed to hypoxia and received distilled water. Group HPF-6.25, HPF-12.5, and HPF-25 (n = 6) received PFC with doses 6.25; 12.5; and 25 ml/kg/d, respectively for 4 weeks before IH exposure. At the end of 4 weeks, all animals except controls were exposed to IH (10% O2 and 90% N2; 4 hours/day for one week). Hematological parameters were measured with several oxidative stress indicators. Hypoxic rats exhibited substantially higher hemoglobin, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations. All groups exposed to IH showed increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the heart, kidneys, and colon. The increasing MDA and decreasing SOD compared to controls and pre-treatment using PFC had a dose-dependent protective effect on the heart, kidneys, and colon.
{"title":"Antioxidative Parameters Improvements on Nutritional Approach: A Study on Hypoxic Multiple Organs of Sprague-Dawley","authors":"Andreanyta Meliala, Paramita Narwidina, Yogi Tri Sumarno","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.59-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.59-70","url":null,"abstract":"In various organs, such as the heart, kidneys, and colon, hypoxia enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the effects of reoxygenation, as occurs in intermittent hypoxia (IH) to achieve full recovery of hypoxic organs, are not yet clear. The acclimatization response can boost blood oxygen transport capacity, while hypoxia ROS can impact erythrocytes and plasma behavior, resulting in poor peripheral blood flow. This study aimed to study the antioxidant impact of puree Ficus carica (PFC) in rats with IH-induced oxidative stress. Twenty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: group N (control, untreated and not exposed to IH, and Group HC was exposed to hypoxia and received distilled water. Group HPF-6.25, HPF-12.5, and HPF-25 (n = 6) received PFC with doses 6.25; 12.5; and 25 ml/kg/d, respectively for 4 weeks before IH exposure. At the end of 4 weeks, all animals except controls were exposed to IH (10% O2 and 90% N2; 4 hours/day for one week). Hematological parameters were measured with several oxidative stress indicators. Hypoxic rats exhibited substantially higher hemoglobin, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations. All groups exposed to IH showed increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the heart, kidneys, and colon. The increasing MDA and decreasing SOD compared to controls and pre-treatment using PFC had a dose-dependent protective effect on the heart, kidneys, and colon.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135196058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biomineralization has notably enhanced the qualities of cement-based materials, particularly through bacterial-facilitated calcite precipitation via calcium lactate oxidation. However, existing research mainly targets self-healing aspects, with little focus on bio-based mortar properties. Consequently, this study provides a comprehensive examination of the enhancements in dry density, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and flexural strength, achieved through the application of a novel indigenous bacterial strain (Lysinibacillus sphaericus strain SKC/VA-1) from Indonesia, coupled with the incorporation of calcium lactate pentahydrate as an additive. A total of six mortar samples were prepared to investigate the influence of bacteria on the properties of mortar through biomineralization. The samples included plain mortar (M), mortar mixed with calcium lactate pentahydrate (ML), mortar mixed with a 10% v/v bacterial inoculum (MB1), mortar mixed with calcium lactate pentahydrate and a 10% v/v bacterial inoculum (MLB1), mortar mixed with a 20% v/v bacterial inoculum (MB2), and mortar mixed with calcium lactate pentahydrate and a 20% v/v bacterial inoculum (MLB2). The employment of a distinct bacterial strain for oxidizing calcium lactate represents an innovative aspect of the current study. The presence of organic calcium was found to have no adverse effects on the mortar matrix. Optimal inoculum concentrations of bacteria (10% v/v), in conjunction with calcium lactate pentahydrate, yielded superior mechanical properties. Mineralogical characterization via X-ray diffraction and microstructural analysis through scanning electron microscopy substantiated the incidence of calcite precipitation, which facilitated pore infilling and consequently augmented both the ultrasonic pulse velocity and the flexural strength of the mortar.
{"title":"Biomineralization Biotechnology Utilizing Lysinibacillus sphaericus to Improve Mechanical Properties of Mortar","authors":"Ridwan Syarif, Siti Khodijah Chaerun, Ridho Kresna Wattimena","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.48-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.48-58","url":null,"abstract":"Biomineralization has notably enhanced the qualities of cement-based materials, particularly through bacterial-facilitated calcite precipitation via calcium lactate oxidation. However, existing research mainly targets self-healing aspects, with little focus on bio-based mortar properties. Consequently, this study provides a comprehensive examination of the enhancements in dry density, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and flexural strength, achieved through the application of a novel indigenous bacterial strain (Lysinibacillus sphaericus strain SKC/VA-1) from Indonesia, coupled with the incorporation of calcium lactate pentahydrate as an additive. A total of six mortar samples were prepared to investigate the influence of bacteria on the properties of mortar through biomineralization. The samples included plain mortar (M), mortar mixed with calcium lactate pentahydrate (ML), mortar mixed with a 10% v/v bacterial inoculum (MB1), mortar mixed with calcium lactate pentahydrate and a 10% v/v bacterial inoculum (MLB1), mortar mixed with a 20% v/v bacterial inoculum (MB2), and mortar mixed with calcium lactate pentahydrate and a 20% v/v bacterial inoculum (MLB2). The employment of a distinct bacterial strain for oxidizing calcium lactate represents an innovative aspect of the current study. The presence of organic calcium was found to have no adverse effects on the mortar matrix. Optimal inoculum concentrations of bacteria (10% v/v), in conjunction with calcium lactate pentahydrate, yielded superior mechanical properties. Mineralogical characterization via X-ray diffraction and microstructural analysis through scanning electron microscopy substantiated the incidence of calcite precipitation, which facilitated pore infilling and consequently augmented both the ultrasonic pulse velocity and the flexural strength of the mortar.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135788948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wardaya Wardaya, Wawan Mulyawan, Sri Widia A Jusman, Mohamad Sadikin
Hypobaric hypoxia is situation that might occur to helicopter pilots in Indonesia who must fly at an altitude of more than 3,048 m such as in Papua. It can be dangerous because hypoxic condition can affect person's performance. So far, the heart is known as an aerobic organ and very sensitive to hypoxic conditions. Hitherto, the effects of hypobaric hypoxia exposure on biomolecular aspects of the heart are still unclear. Therefore, this study assessed cardiac response in rats exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) (equivalent to 3,048 meters/10,000 feet). Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control; acute hypobaric hypoxia (AHH); and IHH, for 7; 14; 21; and 28 days. We measured super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), cytoglobin, myoglobin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2 level as our parameters. Activities of SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH increased while the levels of MDA, cytoglobin, myoglobin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2 decreased in all IHH groups compared with the AHH group. A biphasic pattern was observed as IHH sessions increased from 14 to 21 or 28. Where the IHH treatment for more than 14 sessions caused a decrease in endogenous antioxidants, but the response to hypoxia and oxidative stress increased. Our findings presented the molecular alterations of cardiac rats exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia.
{"title":"Oxidative Stress, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α, and Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in the Hearts of Rats Exposed to Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia","authors":"Wardaya Wardaya, Wawan Mulyawan, Sri Widia A Jusman, Mohamad Sadikin","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.39-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.39-47","url":null,"abstract":"Hypobaric hypoxia is situation that might occur to helicopter pilots in Indonesia who must fly at an altitude of more than 3,048 m such as in Papua. It can be dangerous because hypoxic condition can affect person's performance. So far, the heart is known as an aerobic organ and very sensitive to hypoxic conditions. Hitherto, the effects of hypobaric hypoxia exposure on biomolecular aspects of the heart are still unclear. Therefore, this study assessed cardiac response in rats exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) (equivalent to 3,048 meters/10,000 feet). Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control; acute hypobaric hypoxia (AHH); and IHH, for 7; 14; 21; and 28 days. We measured super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), cytoglobin, myoglobin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2 level as our parameters. Activities of SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH increased while the levels of MDA, cytoglobin, myoglobin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2 decreased in all IHH groups compared with the AHH group. A biphasic pattern was observed as IHH sessions increased from 14 to 21 or 28. Where the IHH treatment for more than 14 sessions caused a decrease in endogenous antioxidants, but the response to hypoxia and oxidative stress increased. Our findings presented the molecular alterations of cardiac rats exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most critical parameter affecting plant growth is the photosynthetic rate. The parameter can be determined by measuring the rate of CO2 assimilation that occurs in plants. Developing a photosynthetic rate model can recommend proper cultivation maintenance in melon plants. Hence, the involvement of input parameters in the developed model affects the accuracy of the prediction. This study aims to develop an artificial neural networks (ANNs) prediction model of the photosynthetic rate of melon plants in the vegetative phase in the greenhouse based on seven environmental and growth parameters and find the best model structure. Model development uses artificial neural networks with several stages: data collection and pre-processing, model development with different input variations, model validation, and selection of the best scenario to predict photosynthetic rate. The results showed that five out of seven input parameters, i.e., air temperature, sunlight intensity, CO2 concentration, air humidity, and plant rows, in the model structure of five inputs, six hidden and one output were the best model scenarios with coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.986 and 0.420, respectively.
{"title":"Photosynthetic Rate Prediction Model of Golden Melon Plant (Cucumis melo L.) at Vegetative Phase in Greenhouse using Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"None Erniati, Herry Suhardiyanto, Rokhani Hasbullah, None Supriyanto","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.30-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.30-38","url":null,"abstract":"The most critical parameter affecting plant growth is the photosynthetic rate. The parameter can be determined by measuring the rate of CO2 assimilation that occurs in plants. Developing a photosynthetic rate model can recommend proper cultivation maintenance in melon plants. Hence, the involvement of input parameters in the developed model affects the accuracy of the prediction. This study aims to develop an artificial neural networks (ANNs) prediction model of the photosynthetic rate of melon plants in the vegetative phase in the greenhouse based on seven environmental and growth parameters and find the best model structure. Model development uses artificial neural networks with several stages: data collection and pre-processing, model development with different input variations, model validation, and selection of the best scenario to predict photosynthetic rate. The results showed that five out of seven input parameters, i.e., air temperature, sunlight intensity, CO2 concentration, air humidity, and plant rows, in the model structure of five inputs, six hidden and one output were the best model scenarios with coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.986 and 0.420, respectively.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136100432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Spatholobus littoralis Hassk. (S. littoralis Hassk.) is a native plant in Indonesia and has been widely used in traditional Dayaknese medicine for non-communicable degenerative diseases. One of these illnesses, known as gout, is caused by excessive uric acid in the blood, which is the catalytic byproduct of a xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme. In this work, we investigated the inhibition kinetics of XO and identified bioactive compounds from the stem extract fractions of S. littoralis Hassk. using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Fractionation was carried out to obtain n-hexane, dichloromethane, and 1-butanol fractions from the water and 70% ethanol extracts. Fraction of 1-butanol from 70% ethanol and water extract displayed potent inhibitors of XO with IC50 value 116.91±3.51 and 137.15±5.00 mg/L, respectively. Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis showed that the 1-butanol fraction from the two extracts inhibited XO competitively. The 1-butanol fraction from the two extracts has been further identified as a bioactive fraction. The majority of the compounds in the two active fractions were phenolics. These findings revealed that the 1-butanol fraction from the two extracts is promising as an antigout treatment in the future.
{"title":"Antigout Activity of The Spatholobus littoralis Hassk. Extract Fractions Against Xanthine Oxidase: Its Metabolite Profile and Inhibition Kinetics","authors":"Rut Novalia Rahmawati Sianipar, Komar Sutriah, Dyah Iswantini, None Trivadila, Suminar Setiati Achmadi","doi":"10.4308/hjb.31.1.1-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.31.1.1-20","url":null,"abstract":"The Spatholobus littoralis Hassk. (S. littoralis Hassk.) is a native plant in Indonesia and has been widely used in traditional Dayaknese medicine for non-communicable degenerative diseases. One of these illnesses, known as gout, is caused by excessive uric acid in the blood, which is the catalytic byproduct of a xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme. In this work, we investigated the inhibition kinetics of XO and identified bioactive compounds from the stem extract fractions of S. littoralis Hassk. using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Fractionation was carried out to obtain n-hexane, dichloromethane, and 1-butanol fractions from the water and 70% ethanol extracts. Fraction of 1-butanol from 70% ethanol and water extract displayed potent inhibitors of XO with IC50 value 116.91±3.51 and 137.15±5.00 mg/L, respectively. Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis showed that the 1-butanol fraction from the two extracts inhibited XO competitively. The 1-butanol fraction from the two extracts has been further identified as a bioactive fraction. The majority of the compounds in the two active fractions were phenolics. These findings revealed that the 1-butanol fraction from the two extracts is promising as an antigout treatment in the future.","PeriodicalId":12927,"journal":{"name":"HAYATI Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135110182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：