Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1680/jgrma.2022.10.3.97
S. Caillol
{"title":"Editorial: Like 200 hundred years ago, we need green chemistry and materials to push back the frontiers of science","authors":"S. Caillol","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.2022.10.3.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.2022.10.3.97","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41415038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As disposable plastic straws were banned in China, more biodegradable straws were invented. Under high temperature and pressure conditions, starch is pasted and the molecular hydrogen bonds between starch are broken. After adding chitosan, chitosan and starch can form new hydrogen bonds. Biodegradable starch-based straws were made from cassava starch and rice starch (weight ratio = 1:1) by extrusion technique. Chitosan (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) was added to improve the mechanical properties of the straws and the effect of chitosan on the chemical, mechanical and water resistance properties of the starch-based straws was investigated. Color, transparency and water resistance of CR/CH (tapioca starch, rice starch and chitosan) straws containing different levels of chitosan. The color and water resistance of straws containing different levels of chitosan were superior to those of CR (tapioca and rice starch). The best mechanical properties and water resistance of starch-based straws were obtained when the chitosan addition was 5%. The addition of chitosan flattened the appearance of the starch-based straws and improved the mechanical properties and water resistance of the straws. The above structure can provide a reference for the application of starch-based materials.
{"title":"Effect of chitosan concentration on physicochemical properties of starch-based biodegradable drinking straws by extrusion","authors":"Wendong Fan, Jing Zhao, Houru Zong, Quanhong Li","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.22.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.22.00021","url":null,"abstract":"As disposable plastic straws were banned in China, more biodegradable straws were invented. Under high temperature and pressure conditions, starch is pasted and the molecular hydrogen bonds between starch are broken. After adding chitosan, chitosan and starch can form new hydrogen bonds. Biodegradable starch-based straws were made from cassava starch and rice starch (weight ratio = 1:1) by extrusion technique. Chitosan (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) was added to improve the mechanical properties of the straws and the effect of chitosan on the chemical, mechanical and water resistance properties of the starch-based straws was investigated. Color, transparency and water resistance of CR/CH (tapioca starch, rice starch and chitosan) straws containing different levels of chitosan. The color and water resistance of straws containing different levels of chitosan were superior to those of CR (tapioca and rice starch). The best mechanical properties and water resistance of starch-based straws were obtained when the chitosan addition was 5%. The addition of chitosan flattened the appearance of the starch-based straws and improved the mechanical properties and water resistance of the straws. The above structure can provide a reference for the application of starch-based materials.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44634364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gholamrezaeenya Nazanin, Mahanpoor Kazem, G. Keivan, Abdoli-Senejani Masoomeh, Marjani Azam
In this research, CuFe2O4 Nanocatalyst stabilized on Clinoptilolite(CP)was prepared using green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf extract. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction patterns (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to characterize CuFe2O4/CP. After fixation on CP, the crystal size of CuFe2O4 was determined to be 48.7 nm using an X-ray diffraction pattern and the Debye-Scherer equation. CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully placed on CP as evidenced by FESEM and TEM images. Using the BJH method, the average diameter of the catalyst pores was found to be 22.2 nm. Using the BET method, the catalyst surface area was estimated to be 43.7 m2g−1. The catalytic activity of CuFe2O4/CP in the production of benzodiazepine (the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with ketones) was examined. Experimental results showed that this catalyst performs well under mild reaction conditions. Using an external magnetic field, CuFe2O4 / CP was easily separated from the reaction product and can be reused without appreciably decreasing its catalytic activity.
{"title":"Camellia sinensis leaf extract-mediated green synthesis of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles supported on Clinoptilolite and their use in benzodiazepines synthesis","authors":"Gholamrezaeenya Nazanin, Mahanpoor Kazem, G. Keivan, Abdoli-Senejani Masoomeh, Marjani Azam","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.22.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.22.00016","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, CuFe2O4 Nanocatalyst stabilized on Clinoptilolite(CP)was prepared using green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf extract. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction patterns (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to characterize CuFe2O4/CP. After fixation on CP, the crystal size of CuFe2O4 was determined to be 48.7 nm using an X-ray diffraction pattern and the Debye-Scherer equation. CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully placed on CP as evidenced by FESEM and TEM images. Using the BJH method, the average diameter of the catalyst pores was found to be 22.2 nm. Using the BET method, the catalyst surface area was estimated to be 43.7 m2g−1. The catalytic activity of CuFe2O4/CP in the production of benzodiazepine (the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with ketones) was examined. Experimental results showed that this catalyst performs well under mild reaction conditions. Using an external magnetic field, CuFe2O4 / CP was easily separated from the reaction product and can be reused without appreciably decreasing its catalytic activity.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48039181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of two different types of lignosulfonate added to urea-formaldehyde adhesive on the performance properties of five-layered plywood panels. The physical properties (density, thickness swelling, water absorption, and moisture content), mechanical properties (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and bonding quality), and free formaldehyde emission were evaluated in accordance with international standards. The results show that the lignosulfonate used in the production of plywood panels improves not only mechanical properties but also physical properties. Furthermore, the reinforcement caused by the use of proper lignosulfonate resulted in a decrease in free formaldehyde content. Using 3% LS1, eco-friendly plywood panels with improved physical (max. 22.40%) and mechanical properties (max. 42.40%) and drastically reduced free formaldehyde emissions (max. 16.27%) can be produced. It was concluded that lignosulfonates, as a byproduct of the pulping industry, can be used as a high-value additive in formaldehyde-based adhesives for engineered wood composites.
{"title":"Physico-mechanical properties and formaldehyde emission of plywood panels by lignosulfonate-reinforced urea-formaldehyde adhesive","authors":"M. Yıldırım, Zeki Candan, B. Aksoy, Turker Dundar","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00069","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of two different types of lignosulfonate added to urea-formaldehyde adhesive on the performance properties of five-layered plywood panels. The physical properties (density, thickness swelling, water absorption, and moisture content), mechanical properties (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and bonding quality), and free formaldehyde emission were evaluated in accordance with international standards. The results show that the lignosulfonate used in the production of plywood panels improves not only mechanical properties but also physical properties. Furthermore, the reinforcement caused by the use of proper lignosulfonate resulted in a decrease in free formaldehyde content. Using 3% LS1, eco-friendly plywood panels with improved physical (max. 22.40%) and mechanical properties (max. 42.40%) and drastically reduced free formaldehyde emissions (max. 16.27%) can be produced. It was concluded that lignosulfonates, as a byproduct of the pulping industry, can be used as a high-value additive in formaldehyde-based adhesives for engineered wood composites.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46903489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Kadirgama, Ajay Kumar, M. Sandhya, L. Samylingam, D. Ramasamy, K. Kadirgama, Hussein A. Mohammed, M. Samykano, R. Saidur
The friction and wear of the worn surfaces is a principal cause of energy dissipation in automobile engines. The current study is supported with Graphene Nanoplatelets as an imminent material, also a carbon allotrope which has good thermal, physical, and chemical properties & Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a universal nano-sized ecological biopolymer. In view of this, the objective of the present work is to enhance the tribological behaviour and lubricant properties using hybrid Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) blended with SAE 40 having various concentrations in the range of 0.01% to 0.10%. The characterization is presented by different techniques such as X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and FESEM. The XRD patterns confirm the platelets structure of graphene nanoplatelets & Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed the small and agglomerated particles range as 20-50 nm and 200 nm for GNPs and CNC respectively. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) geomorphology evaluation was conducted for all volumetric concentrations of single & hybrid nanolubricant. Morphological investigation indicates that there is homogeneous dispersion and there is a smoother surface after using Graphene:CNC nano lubricant compared to SAE 40.
{"title":"Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) - cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) blended in SAE 40 hybrid engine oil for automotive applications","authors":"G. Kadirgama, Ajay Kumar, M. Sandhya, L. Samylingam, D. Ramasamy, K. Kadirgama, Hussein A. Mohammed, M. Samykano, R. Saidur","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00061","url":null,"abstract":"The friction and wear of the worn surfaces is a principal cause of energy dissipation in automobile engines. The current study is supported with Graphene Nanoplatelets as an imminent material, also a carbon allotrope which has good thermal, physical, and chemical properties & Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a universal nano-sized ecological biopolymer. In view of this, the objective of the present work is to enhance the tribological behaviour and lubricant properties using hybrid Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) blended with SAE 40 having various concentrations in the range of 0.01% to 0.10%. The characterization is presented by different techniques such as X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and FESEM. The XRD patterns confirm the platelets structure of graphene nanoplatelets & Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed the small and agglomerated particles range as 20-50 nm and 200 nm for GNPs and CNC respectively. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) geomorphology evaluation was conducted for all volumetric concentrations of single & hybrid nanolubricant. Morphological investigation indicates that there is homogeneous dispersion and there is a smoother surface after using Graphene:CNC nano lubricant compared to SAE 40.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48658194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing use of air cushions in transport packaging brings increased environmental damage due to discarded packaging. A possible solution is to replace petroleum-based polymers with dimer acid polyamide. This work studies qualities of dimer acid polyamide films with montmorillonite (MMT) addition. The layer structure of MMT and the heterogeneous nucleation effect augment the crystal content of the γ-crystal phase. The oxygen permeability and thermal stability of the film improve as the MMT content is increased, while optical properties decline. The mechanical properties of the film are also affected. Finite element analysis was used to assess the timeliness of air cushions made from dimer acid polyamide/MMT film. The results show that the dimer acid polyamide/MMT film can fully meet the requirements of air cushions for short-term transportation.
{"title":"Dimer acid polyamide/montmorillonite bio-based film for the challenge of air cushion","authors":"Yun Lu, C. Li, Jian Zhang, Yuxuan Guo","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.22.00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.22.00027","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing use of air cushions in transport packaging brings increased environmental damage due to discarded packaging. A possible solution is to replace petroleum-based polymers with dimer acid polyamide. This work studies qualities of dimer acid polyamide films with montmorillonite (MMT) addition. The layer structure of MMT and the heterogeneous nucleation effect augment the crystal content of the γ-crystal phase. The oxygen permeability and thermal stability of the film improve as the MMT content is increased, while optical properties decline. The mechanical properties of the film are also affected. Finite element analysis was used to assess the timeliness of air cushions made from dimer acid polyamide/MMT film. The results show that the dimer acid polyamide/MMT film can fully meet the requirements of air cushions for short-term transportation.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48276537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1680/jgrma.2022.10.2.49
S. Caillol
{"title":"Editorial: Green chemistry and green materials evolve in a changing world","authors":"S. Caillol","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.2022.10.2.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.2022.10.2.49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46507071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine oil spills have been widely reported and bioremediation is proposed to be an environmentally friendly approach to clean these spills. However, maintaining a high biomass of oil-degrading bacteria has been proven challenging. Here, a carrier that enables simultaneous bacterial immobilization and oil absorption is proposed as a solution. Porous cellulose triacetate beads (PCTBs) derived from cellulose triacetate powder was obtained through the acetylation of kapok fibres. This study revealed that PCTBs with both 12.5% and 16.67% w/v precipitated in distilled water showed greater crude oil absorbency of 2.4850 ± 0.1326 g/g and 1.9852 ± 0.2343 g/g, respectively. Reusability tests of PCTBs showed promising results with no reduction in oil absorption after five reabsorption cycles. Successful immobilization of the oil-degrading bacteria, Acinetobacter venetianus on PCTBs was achieved and enumeration of bacteria showed no statistically significant differences compared to those on kapok fibres despite the raw fibres having a larger surface area. The SEM analysis revealed that A. venetianus adhered to the outer and inner walls of the beads through secreted exopolysaccharides. PCTBs with oil-degrading bacteria are potentially able to simultaneously absorb and degrade oil, thus highlighting the novelty of a working alternative to sustainable oil spill mitigation.
{"title":"Modification of kapok cotton fibres into porous cellulose triacetate beads for oil spill remediation efforts","authors":"Kang Zhi Yong, J. Zachariah, E. Chiang, M. Yoon","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00064","url":null,"abstract":"Marine oil spills have been widely reported and bioremediation is proposed to be an environmentally friendly approach to clean these spills. However, maintaining a high biomass of oil-degrading bacteria has been proven challenging. Here, a carrier that enables simultaneous bacterial immobilization and oil absorption is proposed as a solution. Porous cellulose triacetate beads (PCTBs) derived from cellulose triacetate powder was obtained through the acetylation of kapok fibres. This study revealed that PCTBs with both 12.5% and 16.67% w/v precipitated in distilled water showed greater crude oil absorbency of 2.4850 ± 0.1326 g/g and 1.9852 ± 0.2343 g/g, respectively. Reusability tests of PCTBs showed promising results with no reduction in oil absorption after five reabsorption cycles. Successful immobilization of the oil-degrading bacteria, Acinetobacter venetianus on PCTBs was achieved and enumeration of bacteria showed no statistically significant differences compared to those on kapok fibres despite the raw fibres having a larger surface area. The SEM analysis revealed that A. venetianus adhered to the outer and inner walls of the beads through secreted exopolysaccharides. PCTBs with oil-degrading bacteria are potentially able to simultaneously absorb and degrade oil, thus highlighting the novelty of a working alternative to sustainable oil spill mitigation.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44721530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen-Hang Tian, Qingchen Wang, Xiongxiong Liu, Weichao Du, Jie Zhang, Chen Gang
With the increasing exploration of unconventional well, such as horizontal wells and complex wells, and the increasing strict national environmental protection regulations, the requirement for drilling fluids lubricants is more demanding. High-performance and environment-friendly lubricants for water-based drilling fluid are urgently needed. In this work, Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposutifolia L.) was investigated as a drilling fluid lubricant, the effects of Chinese yam slurry on drilling fluid lubricating properties at different temperatures were investigated, and the compatibility and inhibitory properties of Chinese yam slurry were studied. The results show that the viscosity coefficient of the mud cake is reduced by 44.5% as 1.5% Chinese yam slurryadded in water-based drilling fluids. Chinese yam also has certain temperature resistance in drilling fluids, and it can inhibit the swelling of clay. Chinese yam slurry is compatitive compatible with other drilling fluid additives, and the lubricity of modified drilling fluids can also be improved effectively. The lubrication mechanism of Chinese yam slurry was discussed through TGA, SEM, FTIR, and contact angle tests.
{"title":"Investigation of Dioscorea opposutifolia L. as green lubricat in water based drilling fluids","authors":"Wen-Hang Tian, Qingchen Wang, Xiongxiong Liu, Weichao Du, Jie Zhang, Chen Gang","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00017","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing exploration of unconventional well, such as horizontal wells and complex wells, and the increasing strict national environmental protection regulations, the requirement for drilling fluids lubricants is more demanding. High-performance and environment-friendly lubricants for water-based drilling fluid are urgently needed. In this work, Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposutifolia L.) was investigated as a drilling fluid lubricant, the effects of Chinese yam slurry on drilling fluid lubricating properties at different temperatures were investigated, and the compatibility and inhibitory properties of Chinese yam slurry were studied. The results show that the viscosity coefficient of the mud cake is reduced by 44.5% as 1.5% Chinese yam slurryadded in water-based drilling fluids. Chinese yam also has certain temperature resistance in drilling fluids, and it can inhibit the swelling of clay. Chinese yam slurry is compatitive compatible with other drilling fluid additives, and the lubricity of modified drilling fluids can also be improved effectively. The lubrication mechanism of Chinese yam slurry was discussed through TGA, SEM, FTIR, and contact angle tests.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41830868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer was utilized in foods and beverage processing due to its highly stable in nature. This makes plasticizer selection crucial. The solution blending process investigated the incorporation of epoxidized oleic acid (EOA) as a bio-plasticizer into PVDF. The SEM analysis showed the toughening effects in the structure of the blends. The degree of crystallinity was found to decrease with an increase in the EOA ratio. The melting temperature slightly decreased with the addition of EOA. A temperature reduction was observed in the glass transition temperature (Tg), which is the effect of the plasticizer. Bio-plasticized PVDF exhibited increased thermal resistance with higher char formation. The scanning electron fractograph demonstrates that EOA disrupted the PVDF crystallinity by a rise in the amorphicity. Crystal formation was found to be in one dimension and dependent on the bio-plasticizer content. Hence, EOA has an excellent potential as a renewable resource to substitute conventional petroleum-based plasticizers.
{"title":"Incorporation of epoxidized oleic acid plasticizer into poly(vinylidenefluoride)","authors":"W. Zulkifli, A. Hazmi, Z. Idris","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00078","url":null,"abstract":"Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer was utilized in foods and beverage processing due to its highly stable in nature. This makes plasticizer selection crucial. The solution blending process investigated the incorporation of epoxidized oleic acid (EOA) as a bio-plasticizer into PVDF. The SEM analysis showed the toughening effects in the structure of the blends. The degree of crystallinity was found to decrease with an increase in the EOA ratio. The melting temperature slightly decreased with the addition of EOA. A temperature reduction was observed in the glass transition temperature (Tg), which is the effect of the plasticizer. Bio-plasticized PVDF exhibited increased thermal resistance with higher char formation. The scanning electron fractograph demonstrates that EOA disrupted the PVDF crystallinity by a rise in the amorphicity. Crystal formation was found to be in one dimension and dependent on the bio-plasticizer content. Hence, EOA has an excellent potential as a renewable resource to substitute conventional petroleum-based plasticizers.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48580526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：