N. Farrera-Vázquez, L. Avilez-Trujilo, J. Moreira-Acosta, O. García-Ramos, A. Velázquez-Gurrola, A. Aguilar-Castillejos, Laura Vargas-Estrada, P. Sebastian
This work presents the hygroscopic and thermal properties of a material developed from cornstack and mycelium. The materials were produced using strains of macromycetes fungi Trametes elegans as natural binder for application as thermal isolation. The results shown are for the equilibrium moisture content on a wet basis and on a dry basis, moisture absorption in different relative humidity environments and thermal conductivity. The results obtained show that the hygrothermal properties of this material make it suitable as thermal insulator, having a thermal conductivity value of 0.043 W/mK and absorbing less than 9% humidity in environments of up to 85% relative humidity.
{"title":"Development of an insulating material based on mycelium Trametes elegans and the study of its hygrothermal properties","authors":"N. Farrera-Vázquez, L. Avilez-Trujilo, J. Moreira-Acosta, O. García-Ramos, A. Velázquez-Gurrola, A. Aguilar-Castillejos, Laura Vargas-Estrada, P. Sebastian","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00046","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the hygroscopic and thermal properties of a material developed from cornstack and mycelium. The materials were produced using strains of macromycetes fungi Trametes elegans as natural binder for application as thermal isolation. The results shown are for the equilibrium moisture content on a wet basis and on a dry basis, moisture absorption in different relative humidity environments and thermal conductivity. The results obtained show that the hygrothermal properties of this material make it suitable as thermal insulator, having a thermal conductivity value of 0.043 W/mK and absorbing less than 9% humidity in environments of up to 85% relative humidity.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42415024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mert Yildirim, Tolera Aderie Negawo, Ali Kilic, Zeki Candan
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), mechanical, physical and wettability properties of hybrid composites developed from sustainable green materials, jute fiber and wood particles that were manufactured by using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding technique. The storage modulus, loss modulus and tan δ values of the hybrid composites were also determined to evaluate the DMTA performance. The results showed that the storage modulus of jute/polyester resin is superior to those of the jute–wood/polyester hybrid and wood/polyester up to the glass transition temperature (Tg). However, for temperature ranges higher than Tg, the stiffness of hybrid composites increased relatively. The Tg values from loss modulus and tan δ peaks support this effect of hybridization. Tests on mechanical properties showed that the jute/polyester specimens had a significant increase in tensile strength compared with the jute–wood/polyester hybrid and wood/polyester specimens. The results of tests of physical properties showed that the wood/polyester specimen had the lowest values of thickness swelling, water absorption and moisture content compared with the jute/polyester and jute–wood/polyester composites. The highest contact angle was obtained from composites made of wood/polyester. It could be concluded that the composites with enhanced performance could be used as novel green composites in various sectors.
{"title":"Development and characterization of hybrid composites from sustainable green materials","authors":"Mert Yildirim, Tolera Aderie Negawo, Ali Kilic, Zeki Candan","doi":"20.00044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/20.00044","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), mechanical, physical and wettability properties of hybrid composites developed from sustainable green materials, jute fiber and wood particles that were manufactured by using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding technique. The storage modulus, loss modulus and tan <i>δ</i> values of the hybrid composites were also determined to evaluate the DMTA performance. The results showed that the storage modulus of jute/polyester resin is superior to those of the jute–wood/polyester hybrid and wood/polyester up to the glass transition temperature (<i>T</i> <sub>g</sub>). However, for temperature ranges higher than <i>T</i> <sub>g</sub>, the stiffness of hybrid composites increased relatively. The <i>T</i> <sub>g</sub> values from loss modulus and tan δ peaks support this effect of hybridization. Tests on mechanical properties showed that the jute/polyester specimens had a significant increase in tensile strength compared with the jute–wood/polyester hybrid and wood/polyester specimens. The results of tests of physical properties showed that the wood/polyester specimen had the lowest values of thickness swelling, water absorption and moisture content compared with the jute/polyester and jute–wood/polyester composites. The highest contact angle was obtained from composites made of wood/polyester. It could be concluded that the composites with enhanced performance could be used as novel green composites in various sectors.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138514980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This investigation deals with the utilization of industrial waste to develop aluminum-based composite. Waste eggshell (ES) generated from the food industry has been used as primary reinforcement material. Waste grinding sludge (GS) produced from the iron forging sector was utilized as secondary reinforcement content. Cr content has been further encapsulated to the composite material to prevent the composite material's grain growth. The composite material was developed by the stir casting process. Experimental results concluded that tensile strength, compressive strength, and hardness of base material (AA5052 alloy) had been improved by about 18.02 %, 23.40 %, and 49.53 respectively, by adding 4.5 % of ES, 4.5 % of GS, and 1.5 % of Cr. Microstructural analysis of the AA5052/4.5 % ES/4.5 % GS/1.5 % Cr composite shows the fair distribution of reinforcement content. XRD of the Al/4.5 % ES/4.5 % GS/1.5 % Cr composite shows the occurrence of Al, Fe2O3, CaCO3, CaO, and Cr phases. Corrosion weight loss and thermal expansion behavior of developed composite have also been explored to observe the ES, GS, and Cr addition in the aluminum alloy.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Cr, Eggshell and Grinding Sludge Reinforced Aluminum Based Metal Matrix Composites: An Ingenious Experimental Approach","authors":"S. Dwivedi, M. Maurya, Shubham Sharma","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00035","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation deals with the utilization of industrial waste to develop aluminum-based composite. Waste eggshell (ES) generated from the food industry has been used as primary reinforcement material. Waste grinding sludge (GS) produced from the iron forging sector was utilized as secondary reinforcement content. Cr content has been further encapsulated to the composite material to prevent the composite material's grain growth. The composite material was developed by the stir casting process. Experimental results concluded that tensile strength, compressive strength, and hardness of base material (AA5052 alloy) had been improved by about 18.02 %, 23.40 %, and 49.53 respectively, by adding 4.5 % of ES, 4.5 % of GS, and 1.5 % of Cr. Microstructural analysis of the AA5052/4.5 % ES/4.5 % GS/1.5 % Cr composite shows the fair distribution of reinforcement content. XRD of the Al/4.5 % ES/4.5 % GS/1.5 % Cr composite shows the occurrence of Al, Fe2O3, CaCO3, CaO, and Cr phases. Corrosion weight loss and thermal expansion behavior of developed composite have also been explored to observe the ES, GS, and Cr addition in the aluminum alloy.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47852458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The interest and relevance of the present paper is in the current waste plastics valorization scenario. The rapid depletion of fossil sources carbon as crude oil and their ever-increasing costs has led to an intensive search for alternative fuels. The renewable green fuel (RGF) or alternative fuel was obtained from waste low and high-density polyethylene (LD-PE, HD-PE) or polyolefin’s and computer-body through pyrolysis process using a CdCO3 from 23 °C to 400 °C. Five types of hydrocarbons were observed through 2D GCxGC/TOFMS, such as 7.621 % paraffin’s, 53.66 % branched / cyclic hydrocarbons, 14.83 % aromatics, 0.37 % phenanthrenes, and some unclassified compounds were 27.11 %. The research octane number of RGF was 88.29. The bromine number of RGF is 34.03 %. RGF was suitable for diesel engines and diesel furnaces without any upgrading. During the first, second and third pyrolysis experiments, 98 g, 95 g and 100 g (wt %) waste granules with 2 g, 5 g and 0 g (wt %) CdCO3 into RGFs were 85 %, 89 % and 80 % collected; uncondensed gases were 14.22 %, 10.15 % and 19.52 % collected; the residue were 0.78 %, 0.85 % and 0.48 % collected.
本论文的兴趣和相关性是在当前的废塑料增值方案。原油等化石碳资源的迅速枯竭及其成本的不断上升，促使人们对替代燃料进行了密集的探索。以废旧低高密度聚乙烯(LD-PE、HD-PE)或聚烯烃为原料，利用CdCO3在23℃~ 400℃的温度下热解，制备可再生绿色燃料(RGF)或替代燃料。通过二维GCxGC/TOFMS检测到5类烃类，其中石蜡占7.621%，支环烃占53.66%，芳烃占14.83%，菲占0.37%，部分未分类化合物占27.11%。RGF的研究辛烷值为88.29。RGF的溴值为34.03%。RGF适用于柴油机和柴油机炉，无需升级改造。在第一次、第二次和第三次热解实验中，将含有2 g、5 g和0 g (wt %) CdCO3的98 g、95 g和100 g (wt %)废颗粒分别收集到85%、89%和80%的RGFs中;未冷凝气体的回收率分别为14.22%、10.15%和19.52%;残留分别为0.78%、0.85%和0.48%。
{"title":"Pyrolysis of Waste Polyolefin’s and E-component to Produce Renewable Green Fuel (RGF) Over CdCO3","authors":"M. Singh, Sudesh Kumar","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00024","url":null,"abstract":"The interest and relevance of the present paper is in the current waste plastics valorization scenario. The rapid depletion of fossil sources carbon as crude oil and their ever-increasing costs has led to an intensive search for alternative fuels. The renewable green fuel (RGF) or alternative fuel was obtained from waste low and high-density polyethylene (LD-PE, HD-PE) or polyolefin’s and computer-body through pyrolysis process using a CdCO3 from 23 °C to 400 °C. Five types of hydrocarbons were observed through 2D GCxGC/TOFMS, such as 7.621 % paraffin’s, 53.66 % branched / cyclic hydrocarbons, 14.83 % aromatics, 0.37 % phenanthrenes, and some unclassified compounds were 27.11 %. The research octane number of RGF was 88.29. The bromine number of RGF is 34.03 %. RGF was suitable for diesel engines and diesel furnaces without any upgrading. During the first, second and third pyrolysis experiments, 98 g, 95 g and 100 g (wt %) waste granules with 2 g, 5 g and 0 g (wt %) CdCO3 into RGFs were 85 %, 89 % and 80 % collected; uncondensed gases were 14.22 %, 10.15 % and 19.52 % collected; the residue were 0.78 %, 0.85 % and 0.48 % collected.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44685471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuefan Gu, Long Gao, Yan Sun, Weichao Du, Jie Zhang, Gang Chen
{"title":"Modification of Waste Persimmon Peel and Application in Water-Based Drilling Fluid","authors":"Xuefan Gu, Long Gao, Yan Sun, Weichao Du, Jie Zhang, Gang Chen","doi":"10.1680/jgrma.21.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.21.00016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46719342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
So far, epoxy is being extensively used in various engineering and structural applications. Epoxy is non-biodegradable and thus creating ecological problems. Apart from ecological problems, epoxy r...
{"title":"Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Green Epoxy/Chitosan/Silver Nanocomposites","authors":"MahmudAbu, DevChaity, MeemMoumita Tasnim, GafurMd Abdul, HoqueMd Asadul","doi":"10.1680/JGRMA.21.00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/JGRMA.21.00020","url":null,"abstract":"So far, epoxy is being extensively used in various engineering and structural applications. Epoxy is non-biodegradable and thus creating ecological problems. Apart from ecological problems, epoxy r...","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48302213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nguyen Van Quang, Pham Thi Lan Huong, Nguyen Tu, Nguyen Thi Huyen, Nguyen Tri Tuan, Manh Trung Tran, Anh-Tuan Le
Manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles were synthesized through a coprecipitation method using manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl2·4H2O) and ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) as precursors. The scanning electron microscopy images showed that the as-synthesized particles were granular and about 20 nm. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the manganese ferrite phase was completely decomposed into ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and manganese (III) oxide (Mn2O3) after annealing above 800°C in air. In contrast, its crystalline quality significantly improved when it was annealed in argon. By using the vibrating-sample magnetometry technique, it was demonstrated that the saturation magnetization (Ms) of the as-prepared sample (~36.6 emu/g) decreased sharply up to ~5 emu/g after annealing at 1000°C in air and significantly increased to ~77.6 emu/g when it was annealed at 1000°C in argon. Under sunlight radiation, a higher efficiency was observed for manganese ferrite particles annealed in argon in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), mainly due to the Fenton reaction between manganese ferrite and hydrogen peroxide. The authors suggest that the presence of hydrogen peroxide and the enhancement of the crystalline quality of the manganese ferrite phase are the two leading factors in improving methylene blue degradation efficiency.
{"title":"Effects of synthesis conditions on structure and magnetic properties of MnFe2O4 particles","authors":"Nguyen Van Quang, Pham Thi Lan Huong, Nguyen Tu, Nguyen Thi Huyen, Nguyen Tri Tuan, Manh Trung Tran, Anh-Tuan Le","doi":"20.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/20.00010","url":null,"abstract":"Manganese ferrite (MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles were synthesized through a coprecipitation method using manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl<sub>2</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O) and ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O) as precursors. The scanning electron microscopy images showed that the as-synthesized particles were granular and about 20 nm. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the manganese ferrite phase was completely decomposed into ferric oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and manganese (III) oxide (Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) after annealing above 800°C in air. In contrast, its crystalline quality significantly improved when it was annealed in argon. By using the vibrating-sample magnetometry technique, it was demonstrated that the saturation magnetization (<i>M</i> <sub>s</sub>) of the as-prepared sample (~36.6 emu/g) decreased sharply up to ~5 emu/g after annealing at 1000°C in air and significantly increased to ~77.6 emu/g when it was annealed at 1000°C in argon. Under sunlight radiation, a higher efficiency was observed for manganese ferrite particles annealed in argon in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), mainly due to the Fenton reaction between manganese ferrite and hydrogen peroxide. The authors suggest that the presence of hydrogen peroxide and the enhancement of the crystalline quality of the manganese ferrite phase are the two leading factors in improving methylene blue degradation efficiency.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":"296 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138514974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdessattar Hamdi, Nejib Ben Jamaa, Imen Kallel Kammoun
The present work aims to contribute to finding more recycling routes for phosphogypsum (PG) and its potential uptake in the material construction industry as paving blocks. Laboratory testing was conducted to formulate mixes using PG as fine sand replacement. An optimal 20% substitution rate was proved. Industrially processed paving blocks were made for high-quality experimental investigation. The most interesting testing results of PG paving blocks are the low water absorption coefficient of 5.7% and excellent mechanical properties, including high compressive and flexural strengths at early age (20.7 and 4.65 MPa at 7 days, respectively). Compressive strength evolves with respect to the curing period: 26% increase at 28 days and 36% increase at 90 days; flexural strength evolves from 6% at 28 days to 10% at 90 days. The leaching test showed low levels of heavy metals released, and their concentrations were lower in the mix than in the raw PG. For all the aforementioned results, PG waste from a phosphate plant in Gabès, Tunisia was proved to have high potential for reuse in the manufacturing of paving blocks with low health risks and excellent properties. Reusing PG waste in paving blocks would thus contribute to solving an environmental issue and reduce the use of sand, which is prone to depletion as a non-renewable resource.
{"title":"Potential use of phosphogypsum in paving blocks","authors":"Abdessattar Hamdi, Nejib Ben Jamaa, Imen Kallel Kammoun","doi":"20.00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/20.00001","url":null,"abstract":"The present work aims to contribute to finding more recycling routes for phosphogypsum (PG) and its potential uptake in the material construction industry as paving blocks. Laboratory testing was conducted to formulate mixes using PG as fine sand replacement. An optimal 20% substitution rate was proved. Industrially processed paving blocks were made for high-quality experimental investigation. The most interesting testing results of PG paving blocks are the low water absorption coefficient of 5.7% and excellent mechanical properties, including high compressive and flexural strengths at early age (20.7 and 4.65 MPa at 7 days, respectively). Compressive strength evolves with respect to the curing period: 26% increase at 28 days and 36% increase at 90 days; flexural strength evolves from 6% at 28 days to 10% at 90 days. The leaching test showed low levels of heavy metals released, and their concentrations were lower in the mix than in the raw PG. For all the aforementioned results, PG waste from a phosphate plant in Gabès, Tunisia was proved to have high potential for reuse in the manufacturing of paving blocks with low health risks and excellent properties. Reusing PG waste in paving blocks would thus contribute to solving an environmental issue and reduce the use of sand, which is prone to depletion as a non-renewable resource.","PeriodicalId":12929,"journal":{"name":"Green Materials","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138514983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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