Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352279
M. H. Hajimiri, F. R. Salmasi
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are superior to conventional vehicles from the standpoint of environmental issues. Many factors involve in designing HEVs such as fuel consumption, emission and performance. A major challenge for development of hybrid vehicles is coordination of multiple energy sources and converters, and in case of a HEV, power flow control for both mechanical and electrical path. This necessitates the utilization of appropriate control or energy management strategy. Furthermore, the durability extension of some critical components in the drive train such as batteries tends to be one of the substantial factors considered in designing control strategies for HEVs. In this paper two novel issues are considered in designing energy management systems for series HEVs. In the first part, we propose an algorithm such that the future path information of the vehicles is also taken into account for generating the control signals. Using global positioning system (GPS) installed today in most of the vehicles, such data are fed to the central vehicle controller. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is utilized for energy management based on the predicted future state of the vehicle, in order to improve fuel consumption, emission and performance. Then, the energy management system is modified to increase the state of the health (SOH) of the power train battery. This approach, which results in the extension of the battery life, is called predictive and protective algorithm (PPA). The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.
{"title":"A Fuzzy Energy Management Strategy for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle with Predictive Control and Durability Extension of the Battery","authors":"M. H. Hajimiri, F. R. Salmasi","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352279","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are superior to conventional vehicles from the standpoint of environmental issues. Many factors involve in designing HEVs such as fuel consumption, emission and performance. A major challenge for development of hybrid vehicles is coordination of multiple energy sources and converters, and in case of a HEV, power flow control for both mechanical and electrical path. This necessitates the utilization of appropriate control or energy management strategy. Furthermore, the durability extension of some critical components in the drive train such as batteries tends to be one of the substantial factors considered in designing control strategies for HEVs. In this paper two novel issues are considered in designing energy management systems for series HEVs. In the first part, we propose an algorithm such that the future path information of the vehicles is also taken into account for generating the control signals. Using global positioning system (GPS) installed today in most of the vehicles, such data are fed to the central vehicle controller. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is utilized for energy management based on the predicted future state of the vehicle, in order to improve fuel consumption, emission and performance. Then, the energy management system is modified to increase the state of the health (SOH) of the power train battery. This approach, which results in the extension of the battery life, is called predictive and protective algorithm (PPA). The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115431011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352282
M. Alam, T. Taher, M. Khader, A. Lateef, R. Kizilel
In this paper, an outline of a project has been covered in which a ZiP'r4 electric scooter was first analyzed and later converted to a hybrid PEM fuel cell - Li-ion battery powered vehicle. An automatic hybrid controller for the vehicle power management is also proposed. This design can be implemented in the longer run on general vehicles; thus creating independence from fossil fuels.
{"title":"Analysis and Hardware Development of a Novel Prototype Hybrid PEM Fuel Cell Li-Ion Battery Scooter","authors":"M. Alam, T. Taher, M. Khader, A. Lateef, R. Kizilel","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352282","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an outline of a project has been covered in which a ZiP'r4 electric scooter was first analyzed and later converted to a hybrid PEM fuel cell - Li-ion battery powered vehicle. An automatic hybrid controller for the vehicle power management is also proposed. This design can be implemented in the longer run on general vehicles; thus creating independence from fossil fuels.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115614725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352278
A. Mukhitdinov, S. Ruzimov, S. Eshkabilov
This paper presents analyses and estimation of optimal control strategies of the parallel hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) from the perspective of fuel economy and maximum energy regeneration during an active braking process. In the paper, there are four main control strategies of continuously variable transmission (CVT) during a regenerative braking process depicted and discussed in detail. The four strategies are: 1) Control strategy of maximal use of regenerative braking. 2) Control strategy of CVT during to support workload of electrical motor according to maximal efficiency characteristics. 3) Control strategy of the CVT for maximal regenerative of energy of braking process per braking distance unit or braking time unit. 4) Discrete control strategy of the CVT with direct combinatorial applications of genetic algorithms and elements of fuzzy logic in control unit of the HEV. In all depicted control strategies, data of the HEV's drive system components, such as, electric motor, internal combustion engine, energy storage, transmission - CVT, are obtained from database of the software package ADVISOR of National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).
{"title":"Optimal Control Strategies for CVT of the HEV during a regenerative process","authors":"A. Mukhitdinov, S. Ruzimov, S. Eshkabilov","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352278","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents analyses and estimation of optimal control strategies of the parallel hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) from the perspective of fuel economy and maximum energy regeneration during an active braking process. In the paper, there are four main control strategies of continuously variable transmission (CVT) during a regenerative braking process depicted and discussed in detail. The four strategies are: 1) Control strategy of maximal use of regenerative braking. 2) Control strategy of CVT during to support workload of electrical motor according to maximal efficiency characteristics. 3) Control strategy of the CVT for maximal regenerative of energy of braking process per braking distance unit or braking time unit. 4) Discrete control strategy of the CVT with direct combinatorial applications of genetic algorithms and elements of fuzzy logic in control unit of the HEV. In all depicted control strategies, data of the HEV's drive system components, such as, electric motor, internal combustion engine, energy storage, transmission - CVT, are obtained from database of the software package ADVISOR of National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124940850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352277
S. Chiplonkar
Emissions from vehicles is one of the primary contributors to deteriorating ambient air quality in major urban areas of the Indian subcontinent, leading to increased morbidity and mortality, and, in turn, to decreasing economic productivity. With an explosive growth in their numbers in the last decade, these vehicles are also emerging as significant contributors to GHG emissions. This realisation has put public and regulatory pressures on the industry to plan strategies for clean alternative transportation technologies. Two key vehicle market characteristics in the country are - a relatively benign urban driving profile and a price elastic market demand. There have been demonstration programmes run by various manufacturers to address the issue of vehicular pollution through deployment of electric vehicles. However, due to high costs, and inadequate performance, most attempts at commercialisation of these vehicles have not been very successful. Two and three wheelers (scooters, motorcycles and auto-rickshaws) are the most popular vehicles in India, with populations of over 35 million and 3 million respectively. This paper presents the experience and lessons learned during the demonstration phase, by one major manufacturer of these vehicles, and steps carried out to reduce manufacturing costs so as to produce marketable electric vehicles with acceptable life cycle costs.
{"title":"Development of a Marketable Small Commercial Electric Vehicle in India","authors":"S. Chiplonkar","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352277","url":null,"abstract":"Emissions from vehicles is one of the primary contributors to deteriorating ambient air quality in major urban areas of the Indian subcontinent, leading to increased morbidity and mortality, and, in turn, to decreasing economic productivity. With an explosive growth in their numbers in the last decade, these vehicles are also emerging as significant contributors to GHG emissions. This realisation has put public and regulatory pressures on the industry to plan strategies for clean alternative transportation technologies. Two key vehicle market characteristics in the country are - a relatively benign urban driving profile and a price elastic market demand. There have been demonstration programmes run by various manufacturers to address the issue of vehicular pollution through deployment of electric vehicles. However, due to high costs, and inadequate performance, most attempts at commercialisation of these vehicles have not been very successful. Two and three wheelers (scooters, motorcycles and auto-rickshaws) are the most popular vehicles in India, with populations of over 35 million and 3 million respectively. This paper presents the experience and lessons learned during the demonstration phase, by one major manufacturer of these vehicles, and steps carried out to reduce manufacturing costs so as to produce marketable electric vehicles with acceptable life cycle costs.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134030052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352276
B. Singh, P. Jain, A. Mittal, J. Gupta
This paper deals with a neural network based direct torque control (DTC) of an induction motor (IM) for electric vehicle (EV) propulsion system. In this scheme the traditional switching lookup table is replaced with a multi-layer neural network. The complete neural network (NN) based DTC scheme of IM drive is simulated using MATLAB. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the NN based DTC scheme of IM drive. The proposed NN based DTC scheme reduces torque and current ripples to a great extent in IM drive.
{"title":"Neural Network Based DTC IM Drive for Electric Vehicle Propulsion System","authors":"B. Singh, P. Jain, A. Mittal, J. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352276","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with a neural network based direct torque control (DTC) of an induction motor (IM) for electric vehicle (EV) propulsion system. In this scheme the traditional switching lookup table is replaced with a multi-layer neural network. The complete neural network (NN) based DTC scheme of IM drive is simulated using MATLAB. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the NN based DTC scheme of IM drive. The proposed NN based DTC scheme reduces torque and current ripples to a great extent in IM drive.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"70 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117238452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352286
R. Sahu, R. Rajusha
The ever increasing demand on the passenger comfort, safety, emission standard, fuel consumption imposed by car manufactures and regulation call for new technology to be adopted in this field. This paper outlines the development of the hybrid engines form its history. The paper presents a review on various control mechanism which are being used. It shows the various challenges being faced in this field.
{"title":"Hybrid Engines in Indian Context: A Review","authors":"R. Sahu, R. Rajusha","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352286","url":null,"abstract":"The ever increasing demand on the passenger comfort, safety, emission standard, fuel consumption imposed by car manufactures and regulation call for new technology to be adopted in this field. This paper outlines the development of the hybrid engines form its history. The paper presents a review on various control mechanism which are being used. It shows the various challenges being faced in this field.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"351 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123332720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352272
A. Abdollahi
This paper presents a design procedure for an adaptive power management control strategy based on a driving cycle recognition algorithm. The design goal of the control strategy is to minimize fuel consumption and engine-out NOx, HC and CD emissions on a set of diversified driving schedules. Seven facility-specific drive cycles are considered to represent different driving scenarios. For each facility-specific drive cycle, the fuel economy and emission are optimized and obtained proper split between the two energy sources (engine and electric motor). A driving pattern recognition algorithm is subsequently developed and used to classify the current driving cycle in to one of the facility-specific drive cycles; thus, the most appropriate control algorithm is adaptively selected. This control scheme was tested on a typical driving cycle and was found to work satisfactorily.
{"title":"An Intelligent Control Strategy in a Parallel Hybrid Vehicle","authors":"A. Abdollahi","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352272","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a design procedure for an adaptive power management control strategy based on a driving cycle recognition algorithm. The design goal of the control strategy is to minimize fuel consumption and engine-out NOx, HC and CD emissions on a set of diversified driving schedules. Seven facility-specific drive cycles are considered to represent different driving scenarios. For each facility-specific drive cycle, the fuel economy and emission are optimized and obtained proper split between the two energy sources (engine and electric motor). A driving pattern recognition algorithm is subsequently developed and used to classify the current driving cycle in to one of the facility-specific drive cycles; thus, the most appropriate control algorithm is adaptively selected. This control scheme was tested on a typical driving cycle and was found to work satisfactorily.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122913645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352284
G. Mohinisudhan, S.K. Bhosale, B.S. Chaudhari
The integration of on-board vehicular networks is accelerating today's automobile industry towards the development of next generation hybrid automobiles. This seamless integration of technologies paves the way for the future intelligent transportation system. The existing in-vehicle network techniques provide the features of monitoring various parameters, which are primarily used for evaluating the vehicle's health condition on a real-time basis and to establish suitable control over it as per the observations done. In this paper, a framework for incorporating simple network management protocol (SNMP) based reliable real-time control and performance monitoring system for a hybrid automobile is proposed. Our proposal is based on the usage of SNMP, control area network, and access to the territorial GSM/CDMA networks by using mobile IP.
{"title":"Reliable On-board and Remote Vehicular Network Management for Hybrid Automobiles","authors":"G. Mohinisudhan, S.K. Bhosale, B.S. Chaudhari","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352284","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of on-board vehicular networks is accelerating today's automobile industry towards the development of next generation hybrid automobiles. This seamless integration of technologies paves the way for the future intelligent transportation system. The existing in-vehicle network techniques provide the features of monitoring various parameters, which are primarily used for evaluating the vehicle's health condition on a real-time basis and to establish suitable control over it as per the observations done. In this paper, a framework for incorporating simple network management protocol (SNMP) based reliable real-time control and performance monitoring system for a hybrid automobile is proposed. Our proposal is based on the usage of SNMP, control area network, and access to the territorial GSM/CDMA networks by using mobile IP.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128009375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352280
M. Boujelben, F. Badin, D. Escudié, R. Vidon
Urban buses have nowadays an important challenge which is to respect the local nuisances such as air pollution and noise while offering to their passengers a high level of accessibility and comfort. Hybrid drivelines are one potential alternative to respond to these constraints. In that context, the Transport and Environment Laboratory (LTE) of the INRETS is collaborating with an urban buses manufacturer with the aim to develop and optimize a 5.5 m, 22 passenger series hybrid plug in microbus. This paper presents the first phases of our research. Firstly, the microbus components description, the actual energy management and the traction motor working are presented. Secondly, the measurement phase carried out on the GRUAU's test bus site in Laval elaborates a start point to understand the various energy flows. After that, the model of the microbus's processing is developed using the LTE library VEHLIB and validated with measurements. Thus, some suggestions about new energy management laws are proposed in order to optimize the consumption of the internal combustion engine together with the battery behavior.
{"title":"Evaluation and optimization of a hybrid urban Microbus","authors":"M. Boujelben, F. Badin, D. Escudié, R. Vidon","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352280","url":null,"abstract":"Urban buses have nowadays an important challenge which is to respect the local nuisances such as air pollution and noise while offering to their passengers a high level of accessibility and comfort. Hybrid drivelines are one potential alternative to respond to these constraints. In that context, the Transport and Environment Laboratory (LTE) of the INRETS is collaborating with an urban buses manufacturer with the aim to develop and optimize a 5.5 m, 22 passenger series hybrid plug in microbus. This paper presents the first phases of our research. Firstly, the microbus components description, the actual energy management and the traction motor working are presented. Secondly, the measurement phase carried out on the GRUAU's test bus site in Laval elaborates a start point to understand the various energy flows. After that, the model of the microbus's processing is developed using the LTE library VEHLIB and validated with measurements. Thus, some suggestions about new energy management laws are proposed in order to optimize the consumption of the internal combustion engine together with the battery behavior.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127336806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352290
V.K. Sharma, R.D. Kamble, R. Sharma
This paper presents the different controls and their associated indicator and alarm systems used in modern day electric vehicles (EVs). These electric vehicles are of hybrid type incorporating diesel, petrol or hydrogen as alternate fuel source. The purpose of different controls is to give smooth start, passenger comfort, amenities, safety and smooth stop. This is achieved through vehicle management unit and battery management system. Hybrid electric vehicles reduce the air pollution through emission control systems through electronic spark ignition system. The paper gives the details of various control systems provided in a typical modern hybrid electric vehicle.
{"title":"Control, Alarm and Indicator Systems in Modern Electric Vehicles","authors":"V.K. Sharma, R.D. Kamble, R. Sharma","doi":"10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEHV.2006.352290","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the different controls and their associated indicator and alarm systems used in modern day electric vehicles (EVs). These electric vehicles are of hybrid type incorporating diesel, petrol or hydrogen as alternate fuel source. The purpose of different controls is to give smooth start, passenger comfort, amenities, safety and smooth stop. This is achieved through vehicle management unit and battery management system. Hybrid electric vehicles reduce the air pollution through emission control systems through electronic spark ignition system. The paper gives the details of various control systems provided in a typical modern hybrid electric vehicle.","PeriodicalId":129674,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Conference on Electric and Hybrid Vehicles","volume":"22 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132836908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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