Health and Quality of Life Outcomes最新文献

Introduction: Despite considerable research on the association between Personality Traits (PT) and Quality of Life (QoL) in patients and older adults, this association remains poorly understood among the middle-aged general population.This investigation examines how each PT is associated with total QoL and its dimensions.

Methods: The present investigation utilized data collected from a cross-sectional survey involving 786 families in Isfahan (644 female/wife respondents), Iran. QoL and PT were assessed using the validated WHOQOL-BREF and NEO-FFI questionnaires. Other data including demographic and socioeconomic status (SES) were also collected. Statistical analyses included bivariate correlation and simple and multiple linear and logistic regressions.

Results: Mean value of Psychological health [Mean difference = -4.34, P = 0.003], Physical health [mean difference = -3.93, P = 0.004], and total score of QoL [mean difference = -3.21, P = 0.049] were all significantly lower in women than men. Higher SES score was consistently associated with greater QoL scores (r > 0, P < 0.05). The physical domain and total QoL scores have been negatively correlated with the spouse's age (r < 0, P < 0.05). In crude and adjusted models, higher Neuroticism scores were inversly associated with higher scores of all QoL domains and total QoL (OR < 1, P < 0.05, for all models) while others personality traits except Openness showed a direct association (OR > 1, P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis also confirmed that higher Neuroticism scores were linked to poorer QoL scores (Beta_coefficient < 0, P < 0.05), while all other traits, except Openness, showed a positive association (Beta_coefficient > 0, P < 0.05).

Conclusion: This study provides robust evidence about the significant association of PT with QoL outcomes in middle aged people. This significant association highlights the importance of considering these traits in clinical applications, as tailored interventions based on personality profiles can effectively enhance the well-being of middle-aged individuals.

Background: Implementation of patient-reported measures (PRMs) is an integral element for patient-centered models; however, there is still hardly any quantitative evidence regarding its impact in routine care settings. The objective of this study was to codesign two concise tools that allow for a standardized and longitudinal assessment of the implementation of PRMs in routine care in terms of acceptability and perceived value from the perspective of both patients and healthcare professionals.

Methods: A list of constructs and items to be presented, separately, to patients and healthcare professionals was created from evidence gathered through a narrative literature review. Focus groups, composed of either patients or healthcare professionals from different chronic conditions, were conducted for the co-design of independent assessments. Once agreement was reached, the content validity was examined in separate consensus meetings.

Results: A total of 10 patients and 10 healthcare professionals participated in the focus groups. After 7 focus groups, the PRMs Implementation Assessment Tool for patients (PRMIAT-P) was developed with 33 items in 9 constructs, and the tool for healthcare professionals (PRMIAT-HP) had 33 items in 16 constructs. Content validity was confirmed for both tools.

Conclusions: The perspective of patients and healthcare professionals regarding the implementation of PRMs in routine care can be evaluated quantitively with the PRMIAT tools. These tools are understandable, concise and comprehensive, and can be used in multiple settings and for different chronic conditions. They have been codesigned as a standard set to facilitate both longitudinal assessments and performing benchmarking among different initiatives.

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) adversely affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL). HAE often compromises the HRQoL due to the impact on functional capacity caused by edema, pain, other symptoms, and psychosocial factors. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) focus on HRQoL and are crucial tools for evaluating the burden of the disease and choosing the most appropriate interventions for this population. However, no comprehensive evaluations of the characteristics of the available measurements to assess HRQoL have been conducted for this population.

Aim: To identify, analyze, and summarize the PROMs assessing HRQoL in individuals with HAE-C1-INH, addressing the gap in standardized assessment tools.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted up to December 2023 in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL databases, following PRISMA guidelines without language or time restrictions. Psychometric properties of the identified PROMs were appraised using COSMIN standards, and evidence was synthesized using a modified GRADE approach.

Results: From seven studies, five HRQoL PROMs were identified: two generic (SF-36 and SF-36v2) and three disease-specific (HAE-QoL, HAEA-QoL, and AE-QoL). These PROMs generally lacked comprehensive content, structural and cross-cultural validation, with none meeting the criteria for measurement invariance. This limitation affects their applicability across different demographics and cultures. However, the HAE-QoL and AE-QoL instruments were recognized for having moderate quality evidence, suggesting their potential reliability and validity.

Conclusions: This systematic review provides a moderate recommendation for the use of HAE-QoL and AE-QoL in assessing HRQoL in adults with HAE. Despite identified gaps, the moderate evidence quality for these tools supports their use, pending further validation, involving younger age groups and disease-specific contents in the assessments. Developing culturally and demographically adaptable PROMs is, therefore, a priority to improve the accuracy of PROMs in this field.

Review registration number: PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023440137.

Background: Assessment of cognitive function is essential to identify the impact of brain aging, disease or injury on individuals. The Short Form Cognitive Function Scale is a brief instrument, easy to use in clinical and research settings with simple interpretation. However, its psychometric properties have not been confirmed in the general Mexican population. The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Short Form Cognitive Function Scale in the general Mexican population.

Methods: An instrumental design was conducted with 600 participants. Analyses were performed to evaluate factor structure (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis), reliability (internal consistency), measurement invariance, construct validity (convergent and divergent) and Know-Groups Validity.

Results: A unifactorial structure of 8 items was verified with an internal consistency of α = 0.945 and a McDonald Omega index of Ω = 0.946. Measurement invariance was confirmed (ΔCFI & TLI ≤ 0.01; ΔRMSEA & SRMR ≤ 0.015), with respect to gender, age groups and geographic area of residence. Finally, the Short Form Cognitive Function Scale showed adequate convergent validity with the Subjective Well-Being variable (r =.507, p <.001), divergent with the GAD 5 (r = -.517, p <.001), and discriminant between younger and older participants (t = -5.304, p <.001).

Conclusions: The Short Form Cognitive Function Scale version for the general Mexican population presented adequate psychometric properties that make it a valid and reliable instrument for use in non-clinical and research settings in Mexico.

Background: Measuring the quality of life in patients with cystic fibrosis is important, both in terms of assessing the implementation of new therapies and monitoring their effects, as well as the ongoing evaluation of patients' condition. The objective of this study is to present tools for measuring the quality of life in adult patients with cystic fibrosis, along with their characteristics and measurement properties.

Methods: The systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines based on a previously prepared research protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42023491030). Searches were performed in Medline (via PubMed), Embase (via OVID), and Cochrane Library databases. In addition, manual searches of bibliographies from the studies included in the analysis and grey literature were performed. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed according to the guidelines of COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN).

Results: The systematic search identified 3,359 studies, of which 26 met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. Two publications were additionally included as a result of the manual search. A total of 16 tools for measuring the quality of life in adults with cystic fibrosis were identified, the measurement properties of which were presented in the included studies. Among these tools, the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) and the Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (CFQoL) were most frequently analyzed. There were also other new, promising tools.

Conclusion: Most studies reported acceptable measurement properties of tools used to measure quality of life in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. In many cases, however, significant limitations were observed related to the lack of comprehensive analysis of the factor structure and other aspects related to validation and responsiveness. There have also been problems with the reliability of some tool scales (including the CFQ-R 14+). The small number of studies makes it difficult to present clear conclusions regarding the usefulness of existing tools. In turn, new tools that may be used in economic analyses (CFQ-R-8 dimensions) or in individualized assessment of quality of life using a mobile application (Q-Life) seem promising. However, further research on large patient populations is necessary to analyze the measurement properties of all tools.

Background: The assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is essential in clinical outcomes, focusing on the subjective perception of individuals regarding the physical, mental, and social aspects of health status. However, conducting a large-scale HRQoL assessment poses various challenges that necessitate the development of a non-burdensome instrument. One promising solution is adapting Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health Scale v1.2 through translation, validation, and cross-cultural testing for non-English populations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of PROMIS Global Health Scale for comprehensive HRQoL assessment.

Method: This cross sectional study involved a total of 343 participants, comprising patients, caregivers, and residents of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. PROMIS Global Health Scale v1.2 was subjected to translation and cultural adaptation using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) method. Content validity was tested by five experts using the Scale-Content Validity Index (S-CVI), and structural validity was evaluated through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined using Cronbach's Alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively.

Result: The Indonesian version of PROMIS Global Health Scale v1.2 showed strong validity and reliability. Content validity analysis produced a S-CVI/Universal Agreement of 0.90 with item analysis factor loading's of > 0.3. Structural validity results were χ2/df (1.53), RMSEA (0.04), RMR (0.03), and CFI (0.99). The reliability results showed that Cronbach's Alpha for Global Physical Health (GPH) and Global Mental Health (GMH) was 0.61 and 0.77, respectively. Test-retest reliability assessment performed using intraclass correlation coefficients generated values of 0.72 for GPH (95% CI, [0.65,0.78])and 0.70 (95% CI [0.63,0.76]) for GMH.

Conclusion: The Indonesian version of PROMIS Global Health Scale v1.2 showed sufficient content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, and reliability, which supported the application of this tool for HRQoL assessment in clinical and research settings.

Background: The relationship between social support and functional outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after ischemic stroke (IS) remains unclear, especially in working-aged patients.

Aim: To assess the relationship between perceived social support, functional outcomes, post-stroke psychosocial symptoms, and HRQoL in working-aged adults three months after IS.

Methods: A prospective and correlational design was used. Patients of working age (18-65 years) admitted for first-ever IS were enrolled in the prospective FRAILTY (Factors Affecting the Quality of Life After Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults) study (NCT04839887). HRQoL (using the Stroke Impact Scale, Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders), social support (using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), functional outcomes (using a modified Rankin Scale-mRS), and post-stroke psychosocial symptoms were assessed three months after IS. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman's correlations and multiple linear regression were used for analysis.

Results: A total of 121 (54.5% males, mean age 51.7 ± 8.4 years) IS patients were analyzed. Of those, 87.7% had excellent clinical outcomes (mRS 0-1) after three months. Patients reported significant improvement in all domains of self-reported HRQoL except memory and communication after three months. The overall perceived social support was not associated with HRQoL domains. Post-stroke depression was negatively associated with all domains of HRQoL. Living arrangements (living alone) and post-stroke depression were negatively associated with perceived social support after IS.

Conclusions: More insight into the relationship between variables of HRQoL in working-aged adults might increase their social participation, strengthen supportive relationships, and promote their recovery and rehabilitation process. Focusing on the management of emotional problems and supporting functional outcomes may be modifiable factors that may represent targets for strategies to improve the HRQoL. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between pre-stroke perceived social support and its types and post-stroke psychosocial symptoms in the long term.

Background: AADCd is a rare neurometabolic disorder presenting in infancy. Children with AADCd have motor dysfunction and development delays that result in the need for lifelong care; quality of life is greatly impacted. Current characterizations of health-related quality of life and associated health state utilities (HSUs) may be underestimated in AADCd. Accurate characterization of AADCd burden is important when evaluating the benefits of treatment, especially the improvements observed with the recently approved disease-modifying therapy eladocagene exuparvovec. Time-trade-off (TTO) vignette methods may be used to elicit HSUs in AADCd for assessing the value of new treatments. This study aimed to first update previously published health state vignettes, then estimate AADCd HSUs in the United States (US).

Methods: Existing vignettes for five AADCd health states were updated based on the review of published literature and clinician/caregiver input. Health states included: "bedridden/no motor function," "head control," "sitting unassisted," "standing with support," "walking with assistance." Online composite TTO interviews were conducted 1:1 with adults from the US general public. Participants ranked health states in order of preference using a visual analog scale, then were presented with health state vignettes to elicit utilities using TTO. Mean TTO scores were calculated for each health state, and regression models were used to estimate disutility associated with use of feeding tube.

Results: Following revision of the vignettes, 120 participants completed the TTO task (mean age: 47 years; 50% female; 70% White); characteristics were not significantly different from US population norms in terms of age, sex, race or ethnicity. Six participants who appeared to misunderstand the exercise were excluded. Mean (SD) HSUs were: -0.258 (0.534) for bedridden state, -0.155 (0.569) for head control, 0.452 (0.523) for sitting unassisted, 0.775 (0.242) for standing with support, and 0.796 (0.235) for walking with assistance. The need for a feeding tube was associated with a disutility of 0.07.

Conclusions: This study implemented TTO methods to estimate utilities for five health states which reflect the burden and impact of AADCd. The range in values from the most to least severe health state suggests that there is potential for effective treatments to substantially improve quality of life in these patients.

Background: Laryngeal cancer often leads to total laryngectomy (TL), which results in the loss of natural voice, necessitates voice rehabilitation and affects the individuals Quality of Life (QoL). Despite advancements in treatment, Voice-Related QoL (VRQoL) post TL remains a neglected area in the field of rehabilitation. This study seeks to fill this gap by evaluating though a scoping review the impacts of TL on patients' voice-related QoL.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted to assess the impact of total laryngectomy (TL) on voice-related quality of life (VRQoL). The search was performed across various electronic databases-PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cohrane Library, Google scholar and Web of Science- using a broad set of keywords to capture studies addressing total laryngectomy and voice-related quality of life (VRQoL). Articles were screened using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, focusing on studies that directly addressed TL and VRQoL outcomes.

Results: A total of eleven papers were finally selected to respond to the research question. The review indicates that TL significantly impacts VRQoL. Common issues included difficulties with communication in noisy environments, social interactions, anxiety about being understood, and physical challenges related to voice production. These difficulties were reflected in lower scores on various assessment tools. Patients reported declines in socio-emotional functioning and faced challenges in physical activities requiring voice use.

Conclusions: This scoping review highlights the profound impact of TL on patients' voice-related QoL. Despite advances in surgical techniques and rehabilitation methods, patients continue to experience significant challenges in communication and social integration, which are crucial components of overall well-being. The persistent lower scores across various QoL assessment tools underscore the necessity for enhanced supportive care and innovative rehabilitation strategies tailored to the specific needs of this population.

Purpose: Given the recent update of SF-6Dv2, detailed data on utility scores for cancer patients by cancer type remain scarce in China and other regions, which limits the precision of cost-utility analyses (CUA) in cancer interventions. The aim of the study was to systematically evaluate utility scores of six common cancers in China measured using SF-6Dv2, and identify the potential factors associated with utility scores.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 2022 to December 2023. It recruited 896 cancer patients from three tertiary hospitals in China, including 270 with lung cancer, 96 with stomach cancer, 88 with liver cancer, 71 with oesophagus cancer, 142 with colorectum cancer, and 160 with breast cancer. The validated Simplified Chinese version of the SF-6Dv2 was used to calculate utilities based on the Chinese value set, and the utility values were described using the mean and standard deviation (SD). Participants' socio-demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics were also obtained from the survey. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were performed to explore the impact of these three categories of characteristics on utility scores derived from SF-6Dv2 for the total cancer patients and each cancer group.

Results: The mean utility score was 0.66 (SD = 0.26) for the total cancer sample, 0.66 (SD = 0.25) for lung cancer, 0.75 (SD = 0.23) for stomach cancer, 0.69 (SD = 0.24) for liver cancer, 0.69 (SD = 0.24) for oesophagus cancer, 0.65 (SD = 0.31) for colorectum cancer, and 0.57 (SD = 0.24) for breast cancer. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that patients who were older, from larger families, under greater economic pressures, undergoing fewer health examinations, smoking, and in advanced cancer stages had lower utility scores in the total cancer sample (p<0.05), with variations observed across different cancer types.

Conclusions: This study is one of the first to apply the SF-6Dv2 to a heterogeneous group of cancer patients, providing evidence for conducting CUA with SF-6Dv2 across six common cancers in China. In addition, the study provides a basis for improving interventions for different cancer types.