Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326045
C. Sandwith, R.L. Ruedisueli, K. Booth, J.P. Papageorge, B. Eng
The Applied Physics Laboratory at the University of Washington (APL-UW) and the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) are involved in a long-term study to reduce corrosion in submarine sonar domes. Besides periodically inspecting the structures in tile domes and recommending improvements in their design, materials, and maintenance, APLUW has recently developed an instrument package to monitor selected parameters of the dome water in situ. Previously, analyses of dome-water corrosivity combined information from three sources: water samples collected as the dome was pumped out, pierside measurements, and laboratory tests of the electrochemical corrosion rate of typical materials used in the dome. With this procedure, dome water samples were obtained only at the end points of the operation cycle, i.e., during maintenance prior to and following patrol. The new instrument package (called the Dome Water Monitoring Instrumentation System, or DWMIS) monitors and records dame-water parameters such as salinity, conductivity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and galvanic potential periodically each day to establish changes and trends. The goals of this monitoring program are to understand dome water corrosivity and how the corrosivity is affected by the exchange rates between the dome and surrounding, external seawater. The knowledge gained will be used to formulate recommendations for reducing the corrosivity of the dome water.<>
华盛顿大学应用物理实验室(APL-UW)和海军海上系统司令部(NAVSEA)参与了一项减少潜艇声纳圆顶腐蚀的长期研究。除了定期检查瓦状圆顶的结构，并对其设计、材料和维护提出改进建议外，APLUW最近还开发了一个仪器包，用于监测圆顶水的选定参数。在此之前，穹顶水腐蚀分析结合了三个来源的信息:穹顶泵出时收集的水样、码头测量以及穹顶中典型材料的电化学腐蚀速率的实验室测试。使用此程序，圆顶水样仅在运行周期的终点获得，即在巡逻之前和之后的维护期间。新的仪器包(称为Dome Water Monitoring Instrumentation System，简称DWMIS)每天定期监测和记录Dome - Water参数，如盐度、电导率、pH值、温度、溶解氧和电势，以确定变化和趋势。该监测项目的目标是了解穹顶水的腐蚀性，以及穹顶与周围外部海水之间的交换率如何影响腐蚀性。所获得的知识将用于制定降低穹顶水腐蚀性的建议
{"title":"Monitoring corrosion in submarine sonar domes","authors":"C. Sandwith, R.L. Ruedisueli, K. Booth, J.P. Papageorge, B. Eng","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326045","url":null,"abstract":"The Applied Physics Laboratory at the University of Washington (APL-UW) and the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) are involved in a long-term study to reduce corrosion in submarine sonar domes. Besides periodically inspecting the structures in tile domes and recommending improvements in their design, materials, and maintenance, APLUW has recently developed an instrument package to monitor selected parameters of the dome water in situ. Previously, analyses of dome-water corrosivity combined information from three sources: water samples collected as the dome was pumped out, pierside measurements, and laboratory tests of the electrochemical corrosion rate of typical materials used in the dome. With this procedure, dome water samples were obtained only at the end points of the operation cycle, i.e., during maintenance prior to and following patrol. The new instrument package (called the Dome Water Monitoring Instrumentation System, or DWMIS) monitors and records dame-water parameters such as salinity, conductivity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and galvanic potential periodically each day to establish changes and trends. The goals of this monitoring program are to understand dome water corrosivity and how the corrosivity is affected by the exchange rates between the dome and surrounding, external seawater. The knowledge gained will be used to formulate recommendations for reducing the corrosivity of the dome water.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127128235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326089
D. Caughey, R. Kirlin
Hydrophonic data was acquired from a submerged sensor array, and then analyzed with Daubechies wavelets to determine the existence and characteristics of an overhead breaking wave.<>
{"title":"Wavelet analysis of breaking wave data","authors":"D. Caughey, R. Kirlin","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326089","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrophonic data was acquired from a submerged sensor array, and then analyzed with Daubechies wavelets to determine the existence and characteristics of an overhead breaking wave.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124053521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326131
J. Andres, S. Jefferies, G. Gillenwaters
The validation of a real-time control system for the deployment of submarine communication cables presented. The control system allows the user accurately control cable bottom slack and position the cable along a pre-planned route. The system was successfully used to lay an underwater acoustic tracking range for the US Navy. A total of eight, 40 mile long cables, each having eight in-line hydrophones and several repeaters were laid in water depths of 40 m to 1800 m off San Clemente Island, California. The hydrophones were placed within specific targets along the cable route despite multiple abrupt turns in the paths, and a fully functional acoustic range is now in place. The flexibility and accuracy of the system in controlling cable bottom slack and cable bottom placement are presented using data from this Navy cable lay. The importance of properly measuring drag coefficient and forecasting currents for deep ocean cable lays is also discussed. The cable deployment control system proved that it can provide proper ship and cable engine commands to recover from unexpected full ship stops and resume deployment operations with no adverse effects on the cable lay.<>
{"title":"Validation of a real-time cable deployment control system for slack cable laying","authors":"J. Andres, S. Jefferies, G. Gillenwaters","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326131","url":null,"abstract":"The validation of a real-time control system for the deployment of submarine communication cables presented. The control system allows the user accurately control cable bottom slack and position the cable along a pre-planned route. The system was successfully used to lay an underwater acoustic tracking range for the US Navy. A total of eight, 40 mile long cables, each having eight in-line hydrophones and several repeaters were laid in water depths of 40 m to 1800 m off San Clemente Island, California. The hydrophones were placed within specific targets along the cable route despite multiple abrupt turns in the paths, and a fully functional acoustic range is now in place. The flexibility and accuracy of the system in controlling cable bottom slack and cable bottom placement are presented using data from this Navy cable lay. The importance of properly measuring drag coefficient and forecasting currents for deep ocean cable lays is also discussed. The cable deployment control system proved that it can provide proper ship and cable engine commands to recover from unexpected full ship stops and resume deployment operations with no adverse effects on the cable lay.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126829387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326237
F. Hover
The concept of dynamic positioning for deeply-towed cables and pipes is considered experimentally, using a laboratory scale model and several well-known design techniques. Applications include ROV operations where a clump weight or heavy steel cable is used, and the mating of drillpipes with subsea assemblies. An important factor is that actuation is only available at the top end, and position measurement is available only at either end.<>
{"title":"Experiments in dynamic positioning of a towed pipe","authors":"F. Hover","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326237","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of dynamic positioning for deeply-towed cables and pipes is considered experimentally, using a laboratory scale model and several well-known design techniques. Applications include ROV operations where a clump weight or heavy steel cable is used, and the mating of drillpipes with subsea assemblies. An important factor is that actuation is only available at the top end, and position measurement is available only at either end.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127747046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326102
En-Fang Sang, H. Yeh
Several modified Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithms are studied in order to improve the rate of convergence of the regular LMS algorithm. The performance of these modified LMS algorithms is evaluated by simulations. It shows that the error feedback LMS algorithm converges much faster then all other modified LMS algorithms including regular LMS algorithm.<>
{"title":"Modified LMS algorithms for high speed underwater acoustic signal processing","authors":"En-Fang Sang, H. Yeh","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326102","url":null,"abstract":"Several modified Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithms are studied in order to improve the rate of convergence of the regular LMS algorithm. The performance of these modified LMS algorithms is evaluated by simulations. It shows that the error feedback LMS algorithm converges much faster then all other modified LMS algorithms including regular LMS algorithm.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127623992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326238
S. Latchman
This paper presents the results of a simulation study on steady state towing of a towbody at a depth of 200 meters and a speed of 10 knots. BCABLE, a three-dimensional dynamic cable simulation program was used to study the effect on tension and cable length of the cable parameters of specific gravity, diameter, and drag coefficients (Including cable fairings), and towbody parameters such as weight, lift and drag. This study is applicable to route survey operations for mine countermeasures (MCM) and other side scan sonar search and survey operations using the new multi-beam side scan sonars.<>
{"title":"Effect of cable and towbody parameters on tension and cable length when towing at 200 m depths and 10 knots","authors":"S. Latchman","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326238","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a simulation study on steady state towing of a towbody at a depth of 200 meters and a speed of 10 knots. BCABLE, a three-dimensional dynamic cable simulation program was used to study the effect on tension and cable length of the cable parameters of specific gravity, diameter, and drag coefficients (Including cable fairings), and towbody parameters such as weight, lift and drag. This study is applicable to route survey operations for mine countermeasures (MCM) and other side scan sonar search and survey operations using the new multi-beam side scan sonars.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132403551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.325958
J. Gower
Because of their "all-weather" capability SAR images have the potential to greatly increase the number of days on which features indicating patterns of ocean and coastal circulation and mixing can be mapped from space. Under ESA and NASDA-approved projects, SAR images from ERS-1 and to a lesser extent from JERS-1, together with surface data from buoys, ships and surface stations, are being used to study the varying visibility of surfactant slicks, internal waves and coastal fronts on the continental shelf and in inlets of the west coast of Canada. Results show that SAR adds useful information, limited by the available image coverage, but that features can be successfully imaged only under rather restricted wind speed conditions.<>
{"title":"Surface feature visibility in ERS-1 SAR images of the west coast of Canada","authors":"J. Gower","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.325958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.325958","url":null,"abstract":"Because of their \"all-weather\" capability SAR images have the potential to greatly increase the number of days on which features indicating patterns of ocean and coastal circulation and mixing can be mapped from space. Under ESA and NASDA-approved projects, SAR images from ERS-1 and to a lesser extent from JERS-1, together with surface data from buoys, ships and surface stations, are being used to study the varying visibility of surfactant slicks, internal waves and coastal fronts on the continental shelf and in inlets of the west coast of Canada. Results show that SAR adds useful information, limited by the available image coverage, but that features can be successfully imaged only under rather restricted wind speed conditions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114916758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326233
J. Williams, D. Hills, D. Okazaki
The Mosaic Editor described provides a number of features to facilitate the construction, refinement, and viewing of digital, side-scan sonar mosaics. The visually oriented, interactive Mosaic Editor allows geologists and data technicians to interact with the mosaic. Specific features include the ability to concurrently view and edit both bathymetry and intensity image mosaics, rapid visual feedback, automatic storage of the algorithms and parameters used in data processing, and an integrated data analysis workbench. Problems associated with digital mosaic editing are primarily those of performance and result from the immense volumes of data. A prototype solution is described, and a second generation solution is discussed.<>
{"title":"An interactive swath mosaic editor in a visual programming environment","authors":"J. Williams, D. Hills, D. Okazaki","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326233","url":null,"abstract":"The Mosaic Editor described provides a number of features to facilitate the construction, refinement, and viewing of digital, side-scan sonar mosaics. The visually oriented, interactive Mosaic Editor allows geologists and data technicians to interact with the mosaic. Specific features include the ability to concurrently view and edit both bathymetry and intensity image mosaics, rapid visual feedback, automatic storage of the algorithms and parameters used in data processing, and an integrated data analysis workbench. Problems associated with digital mosaic editing are primarily those of performance and result from the immense volumes of data. A prototype solution is described, and a second generation solution is discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133691262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.325986
K. Heidorn, E. B. Bennett, S. Skey
An important tool in the assessment of ocean outfalls is the mathematical dispersion model. PLUMAxys has been designed as a comprehensive outfall dispersion model which may assess dispersion under a variety of environmental conditions and outfall configurations. It is capable of modelling effluents released from either single or multiport diffusers into a water column which may be stratified or unstratified. The column may be stagnant or flowing within a uniform or sheared current field. The density stratification and current speed and direction may also vary in space and time. PLUMAxys calculates the dispersion of the effluent plume from the outfall through the initial mixing region. The initial mixing region ends when vigorous mixing of the plume with ambient waters has subsided. The wastefield is said to be established and dispersion proceeds slowly thereafter. PLUMAxys predicts the degree of effluent dilution, the maximum rise of the effluent plume from the diffuser ports, the zone in which the plume is trapped, and the trajectory of the effluent from release to the establishment of the waste field flow regime.<>
{"title":"PLUMAxys-a comprehensive model for ocean outfall dispersion","authors":"K. Heidorn, E. B. Bennett, S. Skey","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.325986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.325986","url":null,"abstract":"An important tool in the assessment of ocean outfalls is the mathematical dispersion model. PLUMAxys has been designed as a comprehensive outfall dispersion model which may assess dispersion under a variety of environmental conditions and outfall configurations. It is capable of modelling effluents released from either single or multiport diffusers into a water column which may be stratified or unstratified. The column may be stagnant or flowing within a uniform or sheared current field. The density stratification and current speed and direction may also vary in space and time. PLUMAxys calculates the dispersion of the effluent plume from the outfall through the initial mixing region. The initial mixing region ends when vigorous mixing of the plume with ambient waters has subsided. The wastefield is said to be established and dispersion proceeds slowly thereafter. PLUMAxys predicts the degree of effluent dilution, the maximum rise of the effluent plume from the diffuser ports, the zone in which the plume is trapped, and the trajectory of the effluent from release to the establishment of the waste field flow regime.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133750338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-18DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326155
G. Langran, J. Larson, T. G. Baybrook
Outlines issues of managing coastal environmental information and suggests ways that technology addresses these issues. In particular, the marine environment's temporality and multidimensionality cause problems for geographic information systems designed to emulate the map. Systems that provide a richer descriptive environment offer new hope, since they permit numerical modeling of entities and their interrelationships. Such methods are useful to describe motion, cycles, fluid dynamics, and change in the coastal region.<>
{"title":"Coastal environmental monitoring using GIS technology","authors":"G. Langran, J. Larson, T. G. Baybrook","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1993.326155","url":null,"abstract":"Outlines issues of managing coastal environmental information and suggests ways that technology addresses these issues. In particular, the marine environment's temporality and multidimensionality cause problems for geographic information systems designed to emulate the map. Systems that provide a richer descriptive environment offer new hope, since they permit numerical modeling of entities and their interrelationships. Such methods are useful to describe motion, cycles, fluid dynamics, and change in the coastal region.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":130255,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of OCEANS '93","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127017285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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