Pub Date : 2019-12-16DOI: 10.1515/9783110638905-004
Hermann Korte
{"title":"Oelzes Goethe","authors":"Hermann Korte","doi":"10.1515/9783110638905-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110638905-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73854317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-16DOI: 10.1515/9783110638905-018
{"title":"Rezensionen und Reaktionen zur Ausgabe des Benn-Oelze-Briefwechsels","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110638905-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110638905-018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79105406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-16DOI: 10.1515/9783110638905-toc
{"title":"Inhalt","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110638905-toc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110638905-toc","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91538316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-16DOI: 10.1515/9783110638905-fm
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110638905-fm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110638905-fm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76170477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.1901.18
Zia-ur Rahman, S. Uddin, Aizaz Ahmad Khan, M. Ullah
Geotechnical investigation is one of the major steps in the safe and economic design of foundation for any structure. This requires some soil parameters to be established. CI (Compression Index) is one of these parameters. The stability of a foundation is not fully justified as long as the magnitude of settlement is unknown. The problem arises when the value of CI is needed badly and a consolidation test is set up for this purpose which consumes almost 3 days for its completion provided that the assembly would not be disturbed. Little amount of disturbance can cause serious error in further calculations and plotting of data. Undisturbed soil sample is the primary demand of consolidation test which is a tough job for a person having not been experienced very much in the fieldwork. In order to overcome these complexities, the researchers have established various correlations between compression index and some basic soil properties like Atterberg limits, void ratio, natural moisture content and OMC (Open Moisture Content), as they are simple to be determined and takes small amount of time. This research has been conducted on soil samples collected from a single spot at an interval of 5ft depth for the sake of validation of a suitable correlation for Bannu District, KPK (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Pakistan so that the determination of compression index becomes simple and convenient.
{"title":"Selection of Best Fit Correlation for Compression Index of Soil from District Bannu","authors":"Zia-ur Rahman, S. Uddin, Aizaz Ahmad Khan, M. Ullah","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.1901.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1901.18","url":null,"abstract":"Geotechnical investigation is one of the major steps in the safe and economic design of foundation for any structure. This requires some soil parameters to be established. CI (Compression Index) is one of these parameters. The stability of a foundation is not fully justified as long as the magnitude of settlement is unknown. The problem arises when the value of CI is needed badly and a consolidation test is set up for this purpose which consumes almost 3 days for its completion provided that the assembly would not be disturbed. Little amount of disturbance can cause serious error in further calculations and plotting of data. Undisturbed soil sample is the primary demand of consolidation test which is a tough job for a person having not been experienced very much in the fieldwork. In order to overcome these complexities, the researchers have established various correlations between compression index and some basic soil properties like Atterberg limits, void ratio, natural moisture content and OMC (Open Moisture Content), as they are simple to be determined and takes small amount of time. This research has been conducted on soil samples collected from a single spot at an interval of 5ft depth for the sake of validation of a suitable correlation for Bannu District, KPK (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Pakistan so that the determination of compression index becomes simple and convenient.","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79321847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Gupta, Maharshi Dey, Caleb Matzke, Grant A. Ellis, Sabah Javaid, Kathryn Hall, Yun Ji, Scott A. Payne
We report the synthesis and characterization of lignin-based foams by pyrolyzing cold pressed lignin compacts at 300°C, 500°C, 700°C, and 900°C in an argon (Ar) atmosphere. Detailed thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and microstucture analysis was performed on these samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray tomography analysis showed that all the foams had cellular structure, and had a total porosity of 93.3%, 94.5%, 93.9%, and 93.4% after pyrolysis at 300°C, 500°C, 700°C, and 900°C, respectively. Comparatively, the fraction of open porosity of the total porosity increased from 89.7% at 300°C to 97.1% and 98.1% at 500°C and 700°C, respectively, and then decreased to 93.0 % at 900°C. The averaged ultimate compressive strength (UCS) of the foams fabricated at 300°C was ~0.77 MPa. It decreased to ~0.49 MPa at 500°C, after which it increased to ~0.95 MPa at 700°C and then retained similar strength at 900°C. Detailed FTIR analysis showed a decreased in intensity of peaks for all the samples fabricated at higher temperatures, which was further correlated with changes in lignin molecular structure. By analyzing TGA, TMA, FTIR, and microstructure, a novel mechanism for designing lignin-based cellular solids has been proposed in this work. The wettability study by sessile drop test showed that the foams are hydrophobic after pyrolyzing at 300°C and 500°C, after which the compacts became hydrophilic after pyrolyzing at 700°C and 900°C, respectively.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel foams by pyrolysis of lignin","authors":"S. Gupta, Maharshi Dey, Caleb Matzke, Grant A. Ellis, Sabah Javaid, Kathryn Hall, Yun Ji, Scott A. Payne","doi":"10.32964/TJ18.1.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ18.1.45","url":null,"abstract":"We report the synthesis and characterization of lignin-based foams by pyrolyzing cold pressed lignin compacts at 300°C, 500°C, 700°C, and 900°C in an argon (Ar) atmosphere. Detailed thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and microstucture analysis was performed on these samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray tomography analysis showed that all the foams had cellular structure, and had a total porosity of 93.3%, 94.5%, 93.9%, and 93.4% after pyrolysis at 300°C, 500°C, 700°C, and 900°C, respectively. Comparatively, the fraction of open porosity of the total porosity increased from 89.7% at 300°C to 97.1% and 98.1% at 500°C and 700°C, respectively, and then decreased to 93.0 % at 900°C. The averaged ultimate compressive strength (UCS) of the foams fabricated at 300°C was ~0.77 MPa. It decreased to ~0.49 MPa at 500°C, after which it increased to ~0.95 MPa at 700°C and then retained similar strength at 900°C. Detailed FTIR analysis showed a decreased in intensity of peaks for all the samples fabricated at higher temperatures, which was further correlated with changes in lignin molecular structure. By analyzing TGA, TMA, FTIR, and microstructure, a novel mechanism for designing lignin-based cellular solids has been proposed in this work. The wettability study by sessile drop test showed that the foams are hydrophobic after pyrolyzing at 300°C and 500°C, after which the compacts became hydrophilic after pyrolyzing at 700°C and 900°C, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85583213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A magnetic lignin-based nanomaterial (MLN) was prepared from alkaline lignin through an amination and precipitation strategy and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results illustrated that MLN was thermostable and had an extensive degree of aminated lignin coating. The specific surface area of MLN was 65.43 m2/g, with the total pore volume of 0.311 cm3/g. The zeta potential of MLN was positive when pH was less than 2.9, and the saturation magnetization was 50.8 emu/g. The characterization data discovered that the physico-chemical properties of MLN were helpful for the adsorption application.
{"title":"Magnetization of aminated lignin and characterization","authors":"X. Qiu, Yingzhi Ma, Da-feng Zheng","doi":"10.32964/TJ18.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ18.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"A magnetic lignin-based nanomaterial (MLN) was prepared from alkaline lignin through an amination and precipitation strategy and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results illustrated that MLN was thermostable and had an extensive degree of aminated lignin coating. The specific surface area of MLN was 65.43 m2/g, with the total pore volume of 0.311 cm3/g. The zeta potential of MLN was positive when pH was less than 2.9, and the saturation magnetization was 50.8 emu/g. The characterization data discovered that the physico-chemical properties of MLN were helpful for the adsorption application.","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"225 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86454899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.1901.20
Komal Bashir, M. Rehman, Mehwish Bari
Image processing techniques are widely used for the detection and classification of diseases for various plants. The structure of the plant and appearance of the disease on the plant pose a challenge for image processing. This research implements SVM (Support Vector Machine) based image-processing approach to analyze and classify three of the rice crop diseases. The process consists of two phases, i.e. training phase and disease prediction phase. The approach identifies disease on the leaf using trained classifier. The proposed research work optimizes SVM parameters (gamma, nu) for maximum efficiency. The results show that the proposed approach achieved 94.16% accuracy with 5.83% misclassification rate, 91.6% recall rate and 90.9% precision. These findings were compared with image processing techniques discussed in review of literature. The results of comparison conclude that the proposed methodology yields high accuracy percentage as compared to the other techniques. The results obtained can help the development of an effective software solution by incorporating image processing and collaboration features. This may facilitate the farmers and other bodies in effective decision making to efficiently protect the rice crops from substantial damage. While considering the findings of this research, the presented technique may be considered as a potential solution for adding image processing techniques to KM (Knowledge Management) systems.
{"title":"Detection and Classification of Rice Diseases: An Automated Approach Using Textural Features","authors":"Komal Bashir, M. Rehman, Mehwish Bari","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.1901.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1901.20","url":null,"abstract":"Image processing techniques are widely used for the detection and classification of diseases for various plants. The structure of the plant and appearance of the disease on the plant pose a challenge for image processing. This research implements SVM (Support Vector Machine) based image-processing approach to analyze and classify three of the rice crop diseases. The process consists of two phases, i.e. training phase and disease prediction phase. The approach identifies disease on the leaf using trained classifier. The proposed research work optimizes SVM parameters (gamma, nu) for maximum efficiency. The results show that the proposed approach achieved 94.16% accuracy with 5.83% misclassification rate, 91.6% recall rate and 90.9% precision. These findings were compared with image processing techniques discussed in review of literature. The results of comparison conclude that the proposed methodology yields high accuracy percentage as compared to the other techniques. The results obtained can help the development of an effective software solution by incorporating image processing and collaboration features. This may facilitate the farmers and other bodies in effective decision making to efficiently protect the rice crops from substantial damage. While considering the findings of this research, the presented technique may be considered as a potential solution for adding image processing techniques to KM (Knowledge Management) systems.","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74031696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lulu Zhu, Zhang Feng, Dongliang Xu, G. Fang, Hao Ren
In this study, poplar and Masson pine trees were used as raw materials to examine the structural characteristics of lignin that had been isolated with a phase separation system. Following phase separation, the structure of lignocresol (LC) was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-performance gel permeation chromatography (GPC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy, and two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (2D HSQC NMR) spectroscopy. Phase separation made it possible to analyze the proportions and the differences between various structural units in the isolated lignin, as well as the types of linkages between them. In-situ and real-time monitoring of the adsorption and desorption properties of the LC membranes were conducted with a bovine serum albumin (BSA) assay and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D). Our findings revealed that the LC membrane of Masson pine adsorbed more BSA than that of poplar, indicating Masson pine LC molecules were more hydrophobic due to a higher proportion of guaiacyl (G)-type lignin units.
{"title":"Structural analysis of poplar and Masson pine lignocresols and comparison of their bovine serum albumin adsorption characteristics","authors":"Lulu Zhu, Zhang Feng, Dongliang Xu, G. Fang, Hao Ren","doi":"10.32964/TJ18.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ18.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, poplar and Masson pine trees were used as raw materials to examine the structural characteristics of lignin that had been isolated with a phase separation system. Following phase separation, the structure of lignocresol (LC) was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-performance gel permeation chromatography (GPC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy, and two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (2D HSQC NMR) spectroscopy. Phase separation made it possible to analyze the proportions and the differences between various structural units in the isolated lignin, as well as the types of linkages between them. In-situ and real-time monitoring of the adsorption and desorption properties of the LC membranes were conducted with a bovine serum albumin (BSA) assay and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D). Our findings revealed that the LC membrane of Masson pine adsorbed more BSA than that of poplar, indicating Masson pine LC molecules were more hydrophobic due to a higher proportion of guaiacyl (G)-type lignin units.","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80680983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.1901.05
A. A. Waseem, Z. Shaikh, A. Rehman
Growing E-Participation services compel democratic governments to re-examine their E-Governance service system readiness assessment models with respect to their usability, effectiveness and participatory governance. In practice, the open government data, E-Participation initiatives, and their integration levels, are essential ingredients of E-Governance service systems. The debate about what constitutes E-Governance success, their quantifiable and qualitative variables, their divergent socio-technical dependencies, etc. is still on-going. E-Governance has emerged as a large-scale socio-technical and human centered problem space. We, therefore, assert that HCI (Human Computer Interaction) based system modeling and its supporting socio-technical tools and technologies can effectively be used to design and develop E-participatory governance systems. The research gap analysis highlights a stark paradox by showing a weak correlation between UN (United Nation) provided E-Participation Index and a perceived governance index. As a result, the authors in this paper propose an exclusive human centered and socio-technical design of E-GovSSRA (E-Governance Service System Readiness Assessment) framework by redefining E-Participation model in HCIs CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work) perspective that aimed to present relatively strong correlation with a perceived governance index.
{"title":"E-Governance Service System Readiness Assessment Framework from CSCW’s Perspective","authors":"A. A. Waseem, Z. Shaikh, A. Rehman","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.1901.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1901.05","url":null,"abstract":"Growing E-Participation services compel democratic governments to re-examine their E-Governance service system readiness assessment models with respect to their usability, effectiveness and participatory governance. In practice, the open government data, E-Participation initiatives, and their integration levels, are essential ingredients of E-Governance service systems. The debate about what constitutes E-Governance success, their quantifiable and qualitative variables, their divergent socio-technical dependencies, etc. is still on-going. E-Governance has emerged as a large-scale socio-technical and human centered problem space. We, therefore, assert that HCI (Human Computer Interaction) based system modeling and its supporting socio-technical tools and technologies can effectively be used to design and develop E-participatory governance systems. The research gap analysis highlights a stark paradox by showing a weak correlation between UN (United Nation) provided E-Participation Index and a perceived governance index. As a result, the authors in this paper propose an exclusive human centered and socio-technical design of E-GovSSRA (E-Governance Service System Readiness Assessment) framework by redefining E-Participation model in HCIs CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work) perspective that aimed to present relatively strong correlation with a perceived governance index.","PeriodicalId":13063,"journal":{"name":"Hygeia J. D.Med.10 (1) August 2018 - January 2019","volume":"55 22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80705878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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