IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems最新文献

英文中文

Parallel distribution of an inner hair cell and auditory nerve model for real-time application 实时应用的内毛细胞与听神经并行分布模型

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2017.8325171

R. James, J. Garside, Michael Hopkins, L. Plana, S. Temple, Simon Davidson, S. Furber

This paper summarises recent efforts into implementing a model of the inner hair cell and auditory nerve on a neuromorphic hardware platform, the SpiNNaker machine. Such an implementation exploits the massive parallelism of the target architecture to obtain real-time modelling to a biologically realistic number of human auditory nerve fibres. The potential for incorporating this implementation into a full-scale digital realtime model of the human auditory pathway is then discussed.

本文总结了最近在神经形态硬件平台SpiNNaker机器上实现内毛细胞和听神经模型的努力。这样的实现利用目标结构的大规模并行性来获得对生物上真实数量的人类听觉神经纤维的实时建模。然后讨论了将这种实现纳入人类听觉通路的全尺寸数字实时模型的潜力。

引用次数: 3

A Flexible, Micro-Lens-Coupled LED Stimulator for Optical Neuromodulation. 用于光学神经调节的柔性微透镜耦合LED刺激器。

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2599406

Xiao-Peng Bi, Tian Xie, B. Fan, W. Khan, Yue Guo, Wen Li

Optogenetics is a fast growing neuromodulation method, which can remotely manipulate the specific activities of genetically-targeted neural cells and associated biological behaviors with millisecond temporal precision through light illumination. Application of optogenetics in neuroscience studies has created an increased need for the development of light sources and the instruments for light delivery. This paper presents a micro-lens-coupled LED neural stimulator which includes a backside reflector and a frontside microlens for light collection and collimation. The device structure has been optimized using optical simulation and the optimized device is able to increase the volume of excitable tissues by 70.4%. Device prototypes have been fabricated and integrated based on an optimization of the device structure. The measurement results show that the light power increases by 99% at an effective penetration depth of 5 000 [Formula: see text] by the fabricated device under various voltages of 2.4-3.2 V.

光遗传学是一种快速发展的神经调节方法，它可以通过光照以毫秒级的时间精度远程操纵基因靶向神经细胞的特定活动和相关生物行为。光遗传学在神经科学研究中的应用增加了对光源和光传递仪器的开发需求。本文提出了一种微透镜耦合的LED神经刺激器，它包括一个背面反射镜和一个用于光收集和准直的正面微透镜。利用光学模拟对器件结构进行了优化，优化后的器件可激发组织体积增加70.4%。在优化器件结构的基础上，完成了器件原型的制作和集成。测量结果表明，在所制备的器件在2.4 ~ 3.2 V的不同电压下，当有效穿透深度为5 000时，光功率提高了99%[公式:见文]。

引用次数: 4

A Bidirectional Neural Interface IC With Chopper Stabilized BioADC Array and Charge Balanced Stimulator 具有斩波稳定生物adc阵列和电荷平衡刺激器的双向神经接口集成电路

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2614845

Elliot Greenwald, Ernest So, Qihong Wang, M. Mollazadeh, C. Maier, R. Etienne-Cummings, G. Cauwenberghs, N. Thakor

We present a bidirectional neural interface with a 4-channel biopotential analog-to-digital converter (bioADC) and a 4-channel current-mode stimulator in 180 nm CMOS. The bioADC directly transduces microvolt biopotentials into a digital representation without a voltage-amplification stage. Each bioADC channel comprises a continuous-time first-order ΔΣ modulator with a chopper-stabilized OTA input and current feedback, followed by a second-order comb-filter decimator with programmable oversampling ratio. Each stimulator channel contains two independent digital-to-analog converters for anodic and cathodic current generation. A shared calibration circuit matches the amplitude of the anodic and cathodic currents for charge balancing. Powered from a 1.5 V supply, the analog and digital circuits in each recording channel draw on average 1.54 μA and 2.13 μA of supply current, respectively. The bioADCs achieve an SNR of 58 dB and a SFDR of >70 dB, for better than 9-b ENOB. Intracranial EEG recordings from an anesthetized rat are shown and compared to simultaneous recordings from a commercial reference system to validate performance in-vivo. Additionally, we demonstrate bidirectional operation by recording cardiac modulation induced through vagus nerve stimulation, and closed-loop control of cardiac rhythm. The micropower operation, direct digital readout, and integration of electrical stimulation circuits make this interface ideally suited for closed-loop neuromodulation applications.

我们提出了一个双向神经接口，包含一个4通道生物电位模数转换器(bioADC)和一个4通道电流模式刺激器。生物adc直接将微伏生物电位转换为数字表示，而无需电压放大阶段。每个生物adc通道包括一个具有斩波稳定OTA输入和电流反馈的连续一阶ΔΣ调制器，然后是一个具有可编程过采样比的二阶梳状滤波器decimator。每个刺激通道包含两个独立的数模转换器，用于阳极和阴极电流的产生。共用校准电路匹配阳极和阴极电流的振幅，以实现电荷平衡。在1.5 V电源下，每个记录通道的模拟电路和数字电路的平均供电电流分别为1.54 μA和2.13 μA。生物adc的信噪比为58 dB, SFDR为70 dB，优于9-b ENOB。显示麻醉大鼠的颅内脑电图记录，并与商业参考系统的同步记录进行比较，以验证活体性能。此外，我们通过记录迷走神经刺激引起的心脏调节和心律闭环控制来证明双向操作。微功率操作，直接数字读出和电刺激电路的集成使该接口非常适合闭环神经调节应用。

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引用次数: 31

A 410-nW efficient QRS processor for mobile ECG monitoring in 0.18-μm CMOS 用于0.18 μm CMOS的移动心电监测的410-nW高效QRS处理器

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2016.7833713

Peng Li, Hanjun Jiang, Wendi Yang, Ming Liu, Xu Zhang, Xiaohui Hu, B. Pang, Zhaolin Yao, Hongda Chen

This paper proposes a low power and efficient QRS processor for real-time and continuous mobile ECG monitoring. The QRS detection algorithm is based on the harr wavelet transform. In order to reduce power consumption, an optimized FIR filter structure is proposed. To improve accuracy, R position modification (RPM) has been designed. Fabricated with the 0.18-μm N-well CMOS 1P6M technology, power consumption of this chip is only 410 nW in 1 V voltage supply, which is much lower than that of previous work. Validated by all 48 databases in the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, sensitivity (Se) and positive prediction (Pr) are 99.60% and 99.77% respectively.

提出了一种低功耗、高效的QRS处理器，用于实时、连续移动心电监测。QRS检测算法是基于harr小波变换的。为了降低功耗，提出了一种优化的FIR滤波器结构。为了提高精度，设计了R位置修正(RPM)。该芯片采用0.18 μm n阱CMOS 1P6M工艺制作，在1v电压下功耗仅为410 nW，大大低于之前的工作。通过MIT-BIH心律失常数据库中48个数据库的验证，灵敏度(Se)和阳性预测(Pr)分别为99.60%和99.77%。

引用次数: 6

In-Vivo Validation of Fully Implantable Multi-Panel Devices for Remote Monitoring of Metabolism. 用于代谢远程监测的全植入式多面板设备的体内验证。

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2584239

C. Baj-Rossi, A. Cavallini, Enver G. Kilinc, Francesca Stradolini, T. Rezzonico Jost, M. Proietti, G. De Micheli, F. Grassi, C. Dehollain, S. Carrara

This paper presents the in-vivo tests on a Fully Implantable Multi-Panel Devices for Remote Monitoring of endogenous and exogenous analytes. To investigate issues on biocompatibility, three different covers have been designed, realized and tested in mice for 30 days. ATP and neutrophil concentrations have been measured, at the implant site after the device was explanted, to assess the level of biocompatibility of the device. Finally, fully working prototypes of the device were implanted in mice and tested. The implanted devices were used to detect variations in the physiological concentrations of glucose and paracetamol. Data trends on these analytes have been successfully acquired and transmitted to the external base station. Glucose and paracetamol (also named acetaminophen) have been proposed in this research as model molecules for applications to personalized and translational medicine.

本文介绍了一种用于内源性和外源性分析物远程监测的全植入式多面板设备的体内测试。为了探讨其生物相容性问题，设计、实现了三种不同的盖层，并在小鼠体内进行了30天的试验。在装置外植后，在植入部位测量ATP和中性粒细胞浓度，以评估装置的生物相容性水平。最后，该装置的完整工作原型被植入老鼠体内并进行测试。植入的装置被用来检测葡萄糖和扑热息痛生理浓度的变化。这些分析物的数据趋势已被成功地获取并传送到外部基站。葡萄糖和扑热息痛(也被称为对乙酰氨基酚)在这项研究中被提出作为模型分子应用于个性化和转化医学。

引用次数: 3

Self-Powered Forward Error-Correcting Biosensor Based on Integration of Paper-Based Microfluidics and Self-Assembled Quick Response Codes. 基于纸基微流体与自组装快速响应码集成的自供电前向纠错生物传感器。

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2580156

Mingquan Yuan, Keng-ku Liu, S. Singamaneni, S. Chakrabartty

This paper extends our previous work on silver-enhancement based self-assembling structures for designing reliable, self-powered biosensors with forward error correcting (FEC) capability. At the core of the proposed approach is the integration of paper-based microfluidics with quick response (QR) codes that can be optically scanned using a smart-phone. The scanned information is first decoded to obtain the location of a web-server which further processes the self-assembled QR image to determine the concentration of target analytes. The integration substrate for the proposed FEC biosensor is polyethylene and the patterning of the QR code on the substrate has been achieved using a combination of low-cost ink-jet printing and a regular ballpoint dispensing pen. A paper-based microfluidics channel has been integrated underneath the substrate for acquiring, mixing and flowing the sample to areas on the substrate where different parts of the code can self-assemble in presence of immobilized gold nanorods. In this paper we demonstrate the proof-of-concept detection using prototypes of QR encoded FEC biosensors.

本文扩展了我们之前基于银增强的自组装结构的工作，用于设计可靠的、具有前向纠错(FEC)能力的自供电生物传感器。该方法的核心是将基于纸张的微流体与可使用智能手机进行光学扫描的快速响应(QR)码相结合。扫描的信息首先被解码以获得网络服务器的位置，该服务器进一步处理自组装的QR图像以确定目标分析物的浓度。所提出的FEC生物传感器的集成基板是聚乙烯，基板上的QR码图案已经使用低成本喷墨打印和常规圆珠笔的组合实现。在基板下方集成了一个基于纸张的微流体通道，用于获取、混合和将样品流动到基板上的区域，在这些区域中，代码的不同部分可以在固定金纳米棒的存在下自组装。在本文中，我们演示了使用QR编码FEC生物传感器原型的概念验证检测。

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引用次数: 3

A 155-dB Dynamic Range Current Measurement Front End for Electrochemical Biosensing 用于电化学生物传感的155 db动态范围电流测量前端

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2612581

Shanshan Dai, Rukshan T. Perera, Zi Yang, J. Rosenstein

An integrated current measurement system with ultra wide dynamic range is presented and fabricated in a 180-nm CMOS technology. Its dual-mode design provides concurrent voltage and frequency outputs, without requiring an external clock source. An integrator-differentiator core provides a voltage output √ with a noise floor of 11.6 fA/ (Hz) and a -3 dB cutoff frequency of 1.4 MHz. It is merged with an asynchronous current-to-frequency converter, which generates an output frequency linearly proportional to the input current. Together, the voltage and frequency outputs yield a current measurement range of 155 dB, spanning from 204 fA (100 Hz) or 1.25 pA (10 kHz) to 11.6 μA. The proposed architecture's low noise, wide bandwidth, and wide dynamic range make it ideal for measurements of highly nonlinear electrochemical and electrophysiological systems.

提出并制作了一种采用180nm CMOS工艺的超宽动态范围集成电流测量系统。它的双模设计提供并发电压和频率输出，而不需要外部时钟源。积分器核心提供电压输出√，本底噪声为11.6 fA/ (Hz)，截止频率为-3 dB，为1.4 MHz。它与异步电流-频率转换器合并，产生与输入电流成线性比例的输出频率。电压和频率输出产生155 dB的电流测量范围，从204 fA (100 Hz)或1.25 pA (10 kHz)到11.6 μA。该架构的低噪声、宽带宽和宽动态范围使其成为高度非线性电化学和电生理系统测量的理想选择。

引用次数: 30

A Multi-Technique Reconfigurable Electrochemical Biosensor: Enabling Personal Health Monitoring in Mobile Devices 多技术可重构电化学生物传感器:在移动设备中实现个人健康监测

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2586504

Alexander Sun, A. Venkatesh, D. Hall

This paper describes the design and characterization of a reconfigurable, multi-technique electrochemical biosensor designed for direct integration into smartphone and wearable technologies to enable remote and accurate personal health monitoring. By repurposing components from one mode to the next, the biosensor's potentiostat is able reconfigure itself into three different measurements modes to perform amperometric, potentiometric, and impedance spectroscopic tests all with minimal redundant devices. A 3.9 × 1.65 cm2 PCB prototype of the module was developed with discrete components and tested using Google's Project Ara modular smartphone. The amperometric mode has a ±1 nA to ±200 μA measurement range. When used to detect pH, the potentiometric mode achieves a resolution of <; 0.08 pH units. In impedance measurement mode, the device can measure 50 Ω-10 MΩ and has been shown to have <; 6° of phase error. This prototype was used to perform several point-of-care health tracking assays suitable for use with mobile devices: 1) Blood glucose tests were conducted and shown to cover the diagnostic range for Diabetic patients (~200 mg/dL). 2) Lactoferrin, a biomarker for urinary tract infections, was detected with a limit of detection of approximately 1 ng/mL. 3) pH tests of sweat were conducted to track dehydration during exercise. 4) EIS was used to determine the concentration of NeutrAvidin via a label-free assay.

本文描述了一种可重构的多技术电化学生物传感器的设计和特性，该传感器设计用于直接集成到智能手机和可穿戴技术中，以实现远程和准确的个人健康监测。通过将组件从一种模式转换为另一种模式，生物传感器的恒电位器能够将自身重新配置为三种不同的测量模式，以最小的冗余设备执行安培，电位和阻抗光谱测试。该模块的3.9 × 1.65 cm2的PCB原型是用分立元件开发的，并使用谷歌的Project Ara模块化智能手机进行了测试。安培模式测量范围为±1na ~±200 μA。当用于检测pH值时，电位模式的分辨率为<;0.08 pH单位。在阻抗测量模式下，该设备可以测量50 Ω-10 MΩ，并已证明具有<;6°相位误差。该原型被用于执行适合移动设备使用的几个护理点健康跟踪分析:1)进行了血糖测试，并显示其覆盖了糖尿病患者的诊断范围(~200 mg/dL)。2)乳铁蛋白是尿路感染的生物标志物，检测限约为1 ng/mL。3)通过汗液pH值测试来追踪运动过程中的脱水情况。4) EIS法无标记法测定NeutrAvidin的浓度。

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引用次数: 51

A Wirelessly-Powered Homecage With Segmented Copper Foils and Closed-Loop Power Control. 采用分段铜箔和闭环功率控制的无线供电家庭笼。

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 Epub Date: 2016-09-16 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2577705

S Abdollah Mirbozorgi, Yaoyao Jia, Daniel Canales, Maysam Ghovanloo

A new wireless electrophysiology data acquisition system, built around a standard homecage, is presented in this paper, which can power up and communicate with sensors and actuators/stimulators attached to or implanted in small freely behaving animal subjects, such as rodents. Key abilities of the energized homecage (EnerCage) system is enabling longitudinal experiments with minimal operator involvement or interruption, while providing test subjects with an enriched environment closer to their natural habitat, without the burden of being tethered or carrying bulky batteries. The magnetic resonant multi-coil design used in the new EnerCage-HC2 automatically localizes the transmitted electromagnetic power from a single transmitter (Tx) coil at the bottom of the cage toward the receiver coil (Rx), carried on/in the animal body, obviating the need for tracking the animal or switching the coils. In order to increase the resonators' quality factor (Q > 166) at the desired operating frequency of 13.56 MHz, while maintaining a high self-resonance frequency [Formula: see text], they are made of wide copper foils and optimally segmented based on a set of design rules that can be adopted for experimental arenas with different shapes and dimensions. The Rx rectified voltage is regulated at a user-defined window [Formula: see text] by a Tx-Rx closed-loop power control (CLPC) mechanism that creates a volume inside the homecage with 42 mW of power delivered to the load (PDL), and a homogeneous power transfer efficiency (PTE) plane of 14% on average at ∼7 cm height, plus stability against angular mis-alignments of up to 80°.

本文介绍了一种新型无线电生理学数据采集系统，该系统围绕一个标准的 "笼子"（homecage）而建，可为附着或植入啮齿动物等行为自由的小型动物实验对象体内的传感器和致动器/刺激器供电并与之通信。通电笼（EnerCage）系统的主要功能是实现纵向实验，尽量减少操作人员的参与或干扰，同时为测试对象提供更接近其自然栖息地的丰富环境，而无需拴住或携带笨重的电池。新型 EnerCage-HC2 采用磁共振多线圈设计，可自动将笼子底部的单个发射器线圈（Tx）向动物体内携带的接收器线圈（Rx）发射的电磁功率定位，无需跟踪动物或切换线圈。为了提高谐振器在 13.56 MHz 理想工作频率下的品质因数（Q > 166），同时保持较高的自谐振频率[计算公式：见正文]，谐振器由宽铜箔制成，并根据一套设计规则进行了优化分段，可用于不同形状和尺寸的实验场。Rx 整流电压通过 Tx-Rx 闭环功率控制（CLPC）机制调节在用户定义的窗口[计算公式：见正文]，该机制在家庭笼内创造了一个向负载（PDL）输送 42 mW 功率的容积，以及在 7 厘米高处平均 14% 的均质功率传输效率（PTE）平面，并在角度偏差达 80° 时保持稳定。

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引用次数: 0

Deep Neural Networks for Identifying Cough Sounds 识别咳嗽声音的深度神经网络

IF 5.1 2区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

Pub Date : 2016-09-16 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2598794

Justice Amoh, K. Odame

In this paper, we consider two different approaches of using deep neural networks for cough detection. The cough detection task is cast as a visual recognition problem and as a sequence-to-sequence labeling problem. A convolutional neural network and a recurrent neural network are implemented to address these problems, respectively. We evaluate the performance of the two networks and compare them to other conventional approaches for identifying cough sounds. In addition, we also explore the effect of the network size parameters and the impact of long-term signal dependencies in cough classifier performance. Experimental results show both network architectures outperform traditional methods. Between the two, our convolutional network yields a higher specificity 92.7% whereas the recurrent attains a higher sensitivity of 87.7%.

在本文中，我们考虑了使用深度神经网络进行咳嗽检测的两种不同方法。咳嗽检测任务被视为一个视觉识别问题和一个序列到序列的标记问题。分别实现了卷积神经网络和递归神经网络来解决这些问题。我们评估了这两个网络的性能，并将它们与其他识别咳嗽声音的传统方法进行了比较。此外，我们还探讨了网络大小参数和长期信号依赖对咳嗽分类器性能的影响。实验结果表明，这两种网络结构都优于传统方法。在两者之间，我们的卷积网络产生更高的特异性92.7%，而复发达到更高的敏感性87.7%。

引用次数: 98

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