Pub Date : 2018-03-15DOI: 10.23888/pavlovj201826196-105
S. V. Yankina, С В Янкина, N. V. Shatrova, Н. В. Шатрова, S. Berstneva, Светлана Вячеславовна Берстнева, D. Pavlov, Д Н Павлов
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious medical and social problem, because it greatly increases the frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes for mother and fetus. The frequency of GDM in the general population of different countries varies from 1% to 14% and average 7%, in Russia this figure is estimated at 4.5%. Aim . To evaluate the prevalence of GDM in Ryazan Regional clinical perinatal center for the last 3 years and examine its influence on the course and outcome of pregnancy. Materials and Methods. The analysis of the birth history data and exchange cards of 1690 pregnant women from 2015 to 2017 at Ryazan Regional clinical perinatal center. Results. GDM was diagnosed in 193 women (prevalence – 11.4%), with 62 pregnant women on the basis of the results of oral glucose tolerance test performed in the period of 24-30 weeks. It was established that the course of pregnancy and delivery in patients with GDM was characterized by a high percentage of complications (late gestosis – 18.1%, anemia – 11.3%, swelling – 11.9%, early toxicosis – 4.6%, poly-hydramnios – 12.4%, chronic pyelonephritis – 5.1% and threatened miscarriage – 3.6%). Pregnancy outcome study revealed that the majority – 60.6% of pregnancies ended in natural births. Preterm birth was noted in 15% of cases, of which 2 cases were of perinatal fetal death. The frequency of delivery by cesarean section – 39.4%. The frequency of childbirth large fetus was 21.8%, higher than in women with normal blood glucose levels. Conclusions. The prevalence of GDM in Ryazan Regional clinical perinatal center for the last 3 years was 11.4%. Complications during pregnancy were observed in 153 women (79.2%) of with GDM. The most frequent complications were; late gestosis, pregnancy anemia, edema, early toxemia, polyhydramnios, chronic pyelonephritis, and threatened miscarriage. In pregnant women with GDM, adverse outcomes of pregnancy were more common than in women with normoglycemia. Significant differences were obtained in the frequency of premature birth, macrosomia of the fetus and asphyxia during childbirth.
{"title":"Pregnancy course and outcome peculiarities in women with gestational diabetes mellitus","authors":"S. V. Yankina, С В Янкина, N. V. Shatrova, Н. В. Шатрова, S. Berstneva, Светлана Вячеславовна Берстнева, D. Pavlov, Д Н Павлов","doi":"10.23888/pavlovj201826196-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj201826196-105","url":null,"abstract":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious medical and social problem, because it greatly increases the frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes for mother and fetus. The frequency of GDM in the general population of different countries varies from 1% to 14% and average 7%, in Russia this figure is estimated at 4.5%. Aim . To evaluate the prevalence of GDM in Ryazan Regional clinical perinatal center for the last 3 years and examine its influence on the course and outcome of pregnancy. Materials and Methods. The analysis of the birth history data and exchange cards of 1690 pregnant women from 2015 to 2017 at Ryazan Regional clinical perinatal center. Results. GDM was diagnosed in 193 women (prevalence – 11.4%), with 62 pregnant women on the basis of the results of oral glucose tolerance test performed in the period of 24-30 weeks. It was established that the course of pregnancy and delivery in patients with GDM was characterized by a high percentage of complications (late gestosis – 18.1%, anemia – 11.3%, swelling – 11.9%, early toxicosis – 4.6%, poly-hydramnios – 12.4%, chronic pyelonephritis – 5.1% and threatened miscarriage – 3.6%). Pregnancy outcome study revealed that the majority – 60.6% of pregnancies ended in natural births. Preterm birth was noted in 15% of cases, of which 2 cases were of perinatal fetal death. The frequency of delivery by cesarean section – 39.4%. The frequency of childbirth large fetus was 21.8%, higher than in women with normal blood glucose levels. Conclusions. The prevalence of GDM in Ryazan Regional clinical perinatal center for the last 3 years was 11.4%. Complications during pregnancy were observed in 153 women (79.2%) of with GDM. The most frequent complications were; late gestosis, pregnancy anemia, edema, early toxemia, polyhydramnios, chronic pyelonephritis, and threatened miscarriage. In pregnant women with GDM, adverse outcomes of pregnancy were more common than in women with normoglycemia. Significant differences were obtained in the frequency of premature birth, macrosomia of the fetus and asphyxia during childbirth.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"22 1","pages":"96-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90968690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-15DOI: 10.23888/pavlovj201826136-46
I. Uspenskaya, И В Успенская, S. V. Yurina, С В Юрина
Starting from 1988 to the present time, dentists’ labor accounting is carried out by measuring the volumes of their work, expressed in standard units of labour input. This system of accounting is aimed at providing maximum assistance during one visit, reducing unproductive time, increasing preventive work. The article deals with the organization and payment for primary dental care provided on an outpatient basis within the framework of the compulsory health insurance program. An assessment is made of the conformity of the "Classifier of basic health services for primary health specialized dental care, provided in outpatient settings, expressed in standard units of labour input (SULI)» to the standard time spent per 1 SULI, taking into account the new standard indicators. Scale of cost units as per 1 SULI was defined on the basics of the most common dental practice of the day: a five-day 33-hour work week of a dentist-therapist. On the average, the standard time spent on 1 SULI is 9.9 minutes. This proves that the normative time spent on 1 SULI corresponds to the indices of the “Classifier…”, and that it is defined regarding the time norms, spent by a dentist-therapist on 1 visit (44 minutes).
{"title":"Revisited the classifier of the main dental treatment-diagnostic activities and technologies","authors":"I. Uspenskaya, И В Успенская, S. V. Yurina, С В Юрина","doi":"10.23888/pavlovj201826136-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj201826136-46","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from 1988 to the present time, dentists’ labor accounting is carried out by measuring the volumes of their work, expressed in standard units of labour input. This system of accounting is aimed at providing maximum assistance during one visit, reducing unproductive time, increasing preventive work. The article deals with the organization and payment for primary dental care provided on an outpatient basis within the framework of the compulsory health insurance program. An assessment is made of the conformity of the \"Classifier of basic health services for primary health specialized dental care, provided in outpatient settings, expressed in standard units of labour input (SULI)» to the standard time spent per 1 SULI, taking into account the new standard indicators. Scale of cost units as per 1 SULI was defined on the basics of the most common dental practice of the day: a five-day 33-hour work week of a dentist-therapist. On the average, the standard time spent on 1 SULI is 9.9 minutes. This proves that the normative time spent on 1 SULI corresponds to the indices of the “Classifier…”, and that it is defined regarding the time norms, spent by a dentist-therapist on 1 visit (44 minutes).","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"9 1","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85193945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-15DOI: 10.23888/PAVLOVJ20182615-20
V. Varentsov, В Е Варенцов, T. A. Rumyanceva, Татьяна Анатольевна Румянцева, T. Myasishcheva, Т С Мясищева
Aim : to identify peculiarities of distribution of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) positive structures in olfactory bulbs of rats of different age. Materials and Methods . The study was conducted on 22 white male rats. The object of research was olfactory bulbs of newborn rats – 1-3 days, suckling period – 7, 14, 21 days, infantile – 30 days, juvenile – 60, and mature – 180 days. The study was conducted on cryostat serial sections of olfactory bulbs (20 µm). Nitroxidergic structures were identified by histochemical labelling of NADPH-d (by Hope method). In a standard section, the area of NADPH-diaphorase-positive cells (100 in each case), surface area of glomeruli, the number of positive neurons surrounding a glomerulus, were measured. Results. In result of study it was found that in the olfactory bulb of rats of the studied age only groups of superficial and deep short-axon neurons and periglomerular neurons showed positivity to NADPH-d. The end product of reaction was distributed in somas and extensions of a part of cells with the density of distribution depending on the layer of the olfactory bulb and on the age of animals. Besides, positivity to the enzyme was also found in the central parts of glomeruli with distribution of diaphorase depending not on age, but rather on localization of glomeruli. Conclusion. Age-related transformations of positive subpopulation of neurons of olfactory bulb indicate active participation of NO in the processes of postnatal differentiation, growth and development of olfactory bulb.
{"title":"Distribution of nadph-diaphorase positive structures of olfactory bulb of rats in ontogenesis","authors":"V. Varentsov, В Е Варенцов, T. A. Rumyanceva, Татьяна Анатольевна Румянцева, T. Myasishcheva, Т С Мясищева","doi":"10.23888/PAVLOVJ20182615-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/PAVLOVJ20182615-20","url":null,"abstract":"Aim : to identify peculiarities of distribution of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) positive structures in olfactory bulbs of rats of different age. Materials and Methods . The study was conducted on 22 white male rats. The object of research was olfactory bulbs of newborn rats – 1-3 days, suckling period – 7, 14, 21 days, infantile – 30 days, juvenile – 60, and mature – 180 days. The study was conducted on cryostat serial sections of olfactory bulbs (20 µm). Nitroxidergic structures were identified by histochemical labelling of NADPH-d (by Hope method). In a standard section, the area of NADPH-diaphorase-positive cells (100 in each case), surface area of glomeruli, the number of positive neurons surrounding a glomerulus, were measured. Results. In result of study it was found that in the olfactory bulb of rats of the studied age only groups of superficial and deep short-axon neurons and periglomerular neurons showed positivity to NADPH-d. The end product of reaction was distributed in somas and extensions of a part of cells with the density of distribution depending on the layer of the olfactory bulb and on the age of animals. Besides, positivity to the enzyme was also found in the central parts of glomeruli with distribution of diaphorase depending not on age, but rather on localization of glomeruli. Conclusion. Age-related transformations of positive subpopulation of neurons of olfactory bulb indicate active participation of NO in the processes of postnatal differentiation, growth and development of olfactory bulb.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"36 1","pages":"5-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74378357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-15DOI: 10.23888/pavlovj201826147-58
M. Lapkin, М М Лапкин, B. A. Kiryushin, В А Кирюшин, N. A. Kozeevskaya, Н А Козеевская
The article is dedicated to 120th birthday anniversary of a well-known Soviet scientist, the author of theory of functional systems, academician of Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR and Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Pyotr Kuzmich Anokhin (1898-1974). In the article the main milestones of his life, of his scientific and pedagogical activity are considered. P.K. Anokhin was among the talented pupils of academician I.P. Pavlov. Having gained a substantial physiological knowledge under his guidance, Anokhin very early showed his worth as an independent original researcher developing a new important section of physiology. P.K. Anokhin is one of leading physiologists of the XX century. He inherited the best traditions of the classic Russian physiology and created his scientific school. P.K. Anokhin focused his research work on investigation of neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the activity of the nervous system, but the main direction of his theoretical and experimental work was a study of an organism as an integral formation. The theory of functional systems proposed by P.K. Anokhin is widely recognized in the world science, and he is the founder of the systemic approach in physiology and biology. Results of his research, his many-sided heritage and productive ideas proposed and developed by him during more than 50 years of his activity are used not only in physiology, but also in other fields of knowledge: biology, mathematics, pedagogics, philosophy…Works of P.K. Anokhin gained him recognition and acknowledgement in the international science which is evidenced by numerous references to his works in the modern scientific medical literature.
{"title":"P. K. Anokhin is the founder of theory of functional systems (to 120th birthday anniversary of academician Pyotr Kuzmich Anokhin)","authors":"M. Lapkin, М М Лапкин, B. A. Kiryushin, В А Кирюшин, N. A. Kozeevskaya, Н А Козеевская","doi":"10.23888/pavlovj201826147-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj201826147-58","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to 120th birthday anniversary of a well-known Soviet scientist, the author of theory of functional systems, academician of Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR and Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Pyotr Kuzmich Anokhin (1898-1974). In the article the main milestones of his life, of his scientific and pedagogical activity are considered. P.K. Anokhin was among the talented pupils of academician I.P. Pavlov. Having gained a substantial physiological knowledge under his guidance, Anokhin very early showed his worth as an independent original researcher developing a new important section of physiology. P.K. Anokhin is one of leading physiologists of the XX century. He inherited the best traditions of the classic Russian physiology and created his scientific school. P.K. Anokhin focused his research work on investigation of neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the activity of the nervous system, but the main direction of his theoretical and experimental work was a study of an organism as an integral formation. The theory of functional systems proposed by P.K. Anokhin is widely recognized in the world science, and he is the founder of the systemic approach in physiology and biology. Results of his research, his many-sided heritage and productive ideas proposed and developed by him during more than 50 years of his activity are used not only in physiology, but also in other fields of knowledge: biology, mathematics, pedagogics, philosophy…Works of P.K. Anokhin gained him recognition and acknowledgement in the international science which is evidenced by numerous references to his works in the modern scientific medical literature.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"5 1","pages":"47-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82107029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-15DOI: 10.23888/PAVLOVJ2018261133-149
D.А. Khodjamurodova, А Ходжамуродова Дж., M. Saidov, М. С. Саидов, G. М. Khodjamuradov, Г М Ходжамурадов
In the article literature data concerning indications to placement of silicone breast implants in plastic surgery are presented. Peculiarities of preoperative preparation of patients aimed at prevention of postoperative complications are considered. The technique of surgical intervention, advantages and disadvantages of different methods are described. Difference in choice of surgical approach and positioning of implant relative to mammary gland are considered. Recommendations are given on selection of the type of implant, on determination of the volume of supposed silicone breast-implant prostheses, and also on the choice of optimal access for their insertion. The early and long-term complications and measures proposed by the authors for their elimination are studied. According to different studies, the commonest complication of the augmentation mammoplasty is contracture of the fibrous capsule surrounding the implant that requires surgical correction. One of main complications of all kinds of augmentation mammoplasty is secondary ptosis of mammary gland. A common complication of the augmentation mammoplasty is incorrect position of implants such as their asymmetry and location on different levels. In case of tubular breast a double inframammary fold may result unless tubularity of areola is corrected. Authors think that a significant number of unsolved problems concerning augmentation mammoplasty, optimal surgical approach, existence of the immediate and long-term complications are reasons for further study of augmentation mammoplasty. Increased dissatisfaction of patients with long-term results of augmentation mammoplasty, necessity to prevent such complication as fibrous contracture, create an urgent need for search of new methods. Thus, application of silicone implants in augmentation mammoplasty requires further study with the aim of optimization of the final aesthetic and clinical result.
{"title":"Application of silicone implants in mammoplasty (literature survey)","authors":"D.А. Khodjamurodova, А Ходжамуродова Дж., M. Saidov, М. С. Саидов, G. М. Khodjamuradov, Г М Ходжамурадов","doi":"10.23888/PAVLOVJ2018261133-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/PAVLOVJ2018261133-149","url":null,"abstract":"In the article literature data concerning indications to placement of silicone breast implants in plastic surgery are presented. Peculiarities of preoperative preparation of patients aimed at prevention of postoperative complications are considered. The technique of surgical intervention, advantages and disadvantages of different methods are described. Difference in choice of surgical approach and positioning of implant relative to mammary gland are considered. Recommendations are given on selection of the type of implant, on determination of the volume of supposed silicone breast-implant prostheses, and also on the choice of optimal access for their insertion. The early and long-term complications and measures proposed by the authors for their elimination are studied. According to different studies, the commonest complication of the augmentation mammoplasty is contracture of the fibrous capsule surrounding the implant that requires surgical correction. One of main complications of all kinds of augmentation mammoplasty is secondary ptosis of mammary gland. A common complication of the augmentation mammoplasty is incorrect position of implants such as their asymmetry and location on different levels. In case of tubular breast a double inframammary fold may result unless tubularity of areola is corrected. Authors think that a significant number of unsolved problems concerning augmentation mammoplasty, optimal surgical approach, existence of the immediate and long-term complications are reasons for further study of augmentation mammoplasty. Increased dissatisfaction of patients with long-term results of augmentation mammoplasty, necessity to prevent such complication as fibrous contracture, create an urgent need for search of new methods. Thus, application of silicone implants in augmentation mammoplasty requires further study with the aim of optimization of the final aesthetic and clinical result.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"48 1","pages":"133-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83238616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-15DOI: 10.23888/PAVLOVJ201826186-95
D. Muhabbatov, Д К Мухаббатов, M. K. Gulov, М К Гулов, B. M. Hamroev, Б М Хамроев
Aim of work: to study the incidence of components of metabolic syndrome in patients with anal fistulae, to analyze combinations of different components of metabolic syndrome and types of pararectal fistulae. Materials and Methods. A clinical examination of 508 patients (85.2% – men; 21.5% at the age of 20-39 years, 43.9% – 40-59 years, 34.6% – ≥60 years) with anal fistulae (of them 48.0% were transsphincteric and 29.3% – extrasphincteric fistulae) who underwent treatment in the department of coloproctology of municipal clinical hospital №5 of Dushanbe in the period from 2010 to 2015, was conducted with the aim of identification of components of metabolic syndrome. Results. In 282 patients (55.5% of the total number of patients with anal fistulae, 90.8% of them being men) components of metabolic syndrome were identified: obesity – in 229 patients (45.1% of the total patients with anal fistulae), arterial hypertension – in 115 patients (22,6%), type 2 diabetes mellitus – in 58 patients (11.4%), IHD – in 8 patients (1.6%). In the presence of components of metabolic syndrome the recurrent forms of fistulae were recorded in 16.3% of cases (in the absence – in 12.8% of cases), and complicated forms – extrasphincteric (29.3%) predominated over intrasphincteric forms (22.7%); in control group the proportion of the mentioned forms was 24.8% and 29.2%, respectively. Transsphincteric forms were most common in both groups (48.0% and 46.0%). Conclusions. Components of metabolic syndrome in different combinations were identified in more than half (55.5%) the patients with anal fistulae (obesity – 45.1%, arterial hypertension – 22.6%, 2 type diabetes mellitus – 11.4%, IHD – 1.6%). A tendency was recorded to a more common recurrence of anal fistulae and to a more complicated forms of anal fistulae in patients with components of metabolic syndrome.
{"title":"Metabolic syndrome in patients with anal fistulae","authors":"D. Muhabbatov, Д К Мухаббатов, M. K. Gulov, М К Гулов, B. M. Hamroev, Б М Хамроев","doi":"10.23888/PAVLOVJ201826186-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/PAVLOVJ201826186-95","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of work: to study the incidence of components of metabolic syndrome in patients with anal fistulae, to analyze combinations of different components of metabolic syndrome and types of pararectal fistulae. Materials and Methods. A clinical examination of 508 patients (85.2% – men; 21.5% at the age of 20-39 years, 43.9% – 40-59 years, 34.6% – ≥60 years) with anal fistulae (of them 48.0% were transsphincteric and 29.3% – extrasphincteric fistulae) who underwent treatment in the department of coloproctology of municipal clinical hospital №5 of Dushanbe in the period from 2010 to 2015, was conducted with the aim of identification of components of metabolic syndrome. Results. In 282 patients (55.5% of the total number of patients with anal fistulae, 90.8% of them being men) components of metabolic syndrome were identified: obesity – in 229 patients (45.1% of the total patients with anal fistulae), arterial hypertension – in 115 patients (22,6%), type 2 diabetes mellitus – in 58 patients (11.4%), IHD – in 8 patients (1.6%). In the presence of components of metabolic syndrome the recurrent forms of fistulae were recorded in 16.3% of cases (in the absence – in 12.8% of cases), and complicated forms – extrasphincteric (29.3%) predominated over intrasphincteric forms (22.7%); in control group the proportion of the mentioned forms was 24.8% and 29.2%, respectively. Transsphincteric forms were most common in both groups (48.0% and 46.0%). Conclusions. Components of metabolic syndrome in different combinations were identified in more than half (55.5%) the patients with anal fistulae (obesity – 45.1%, arterial hypertension – 22.6%, 2 type diabetes mellitus – 11.4%, IHD – 1.6%). A tendency was recorded to a more common recurrence of anal fistulae and to a more complicated forms of anal fistulae in patients with components of metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"36 1","pages":"86-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85496287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-15DOI: 10.23888/pavlovj201826159-69
O. Davydova, О Е Давыдова, P. Andreev, Петр Степанович Андреев, S. Katorkin, С Е Каторкин, A. Lyamin, А. В. Лямин, I. Kiseleva, Инна Викторовна Киселева, L. Lichman, Л А Личман, S. A. Bistrov, С А Быстров
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common disease with the evident tendency to annual increase in incidence. The disease mostly affects young individuals of active working age. The peak of incidence of the disease is observed at the age of 20-29 and 50-55 years. The aim of study was optimization of diagnostics and management of patients with ulcerative colitis by correction of antibacterial therapy on the basis of the data of microbiological examination of the microflora of the wall of colon. Materials and Methods. 35 Patients with ulcerative colitis from 28 to 61 years of age with the average age 37.6 years who underwent outpatient and stationary treatment in colonoproctology and gastroenterology departments of SamSMU clinics in the period from January to May 2017 were examined. Of them, 18 were males (48.6%) and 17 females (51.4%). Results. Significant species diversity of microflora was identified that requires exact species identification and development of standard procedures for isolation of microorganisms from bioptates of patients with ulcerative colitis with the aim of administration of antibacterial treatment. In analysis of sensitivity of the isolated strains to antibiotics 45% of the isolated microorganisms were found to have signs of resistance to 1-2 groups of medical drugs, and 33% showed signs of resistance to 3 and more groups. Only 22% of strains were found to be sensitive to all tested preparations. Eradication of such flora presents certain difficulties, and in our opinion, requires administration of combined therapy after examination of bioptate. Conclusions. All patients with ulcerative colitis require examination of the microbial composition of the intestinal wall for optimization of diagnostics and treatment. 10 5 -10 6 titer of microorganisms, their wide species diversity may support inflammation in the colon and prevent relief. It is necessary to continue study of microbiological composition of the colonic wall in the comparative aspect for optimization of diagnostics and management of patients with ulcerative colitis.
{"title":"Management of patients with ulcerative colitis with account of microbiological examination of bioptate of colon wall","authors":"O. Davydova, О Е Давыдова, P. Andreev, Петр Степанович Андреев, S. Katorkin, С Е Каторкин, A. Lyamin, А. В. Лямин, I. Kiseleva, Инна Викторовна Киселева, L. Lichman, Л А Личман, S. A. Bistrov, С А Быстров","doi":"10.23888/pavlovj201826159-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj201826159-69","url":null,"abstract":"Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common disease with the evident tendency to annual increase in incidence. The disease mostly affects young individuals of active working age. The peak of incidence of the disease is observed at the age of 20-29 and 50-55 years. The aim of study was optimization of diagnostics and management of patients with ulcerative colitis by correction of antibacterial therapy on the basis of the data of microbiological examination of the microflora of the wall of colon. Materials and Methods. 35 Patients with ulcerative colitis from 28 to 61 years of age with the average age 37.6 years who underwent outpatient and stationary treatment in colonoproctology and gastroenterology departments of SamSMU clinics in the period from January to May 2017 were examined. Of them, 18 were males (48.6%) and 17 females (51.4%). Results. Significant species diversity of microflora was identified that requires exact species identification and development of standard procedures for isolation of microorganisms from bioptates of patients with ulcerative colitis with the aim of administration of antibacterial treatment. In analysis of sensitivity of the isolated strains to antibiotics 45% of the isolated microorganisms were found to have signs of resistance to 1-2 groups of medical drugs, and 33% showed signs of resistance to 3 and more groups. Only 22% of strains were found to be sensitive to all tested preparations. Eradication of such flora presents certain difficulties, and in our opinion, requires administration of combined therapy after examination of bioptate. Conclusions. All patients with ulcerative colitis require examination of the microbial composition of the intestinal wall for optimization of diagnostics and treatment. 10 5 -10 6 titer of microorganisms, their wide species diversity may support inflammation in the colon and prevent relief. It is necessary to continue study of microbiological composition of the colonic wall in the comparative aspect for optimization of diagnostics and management of patients with ulcerative colitis.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"24 1","pages":"59-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78570113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-15DOI: 10.23888/PAVLOVJ2018261117-132
A. U. Zhulidova, I. I. Dubinina
Based on the data published in Russian and foreign reference sources, an analysis of clinical-hormonal peculiarities, modern methods of treatment of acromegaly combined with polyendocrinopathies (diabetes mellitus, diffuse and nodular goiter, hypocorticoidism) and cardiovascular diseases was conducted. According to different authors, a decline in the quality and duration of life of patients is associated with significant changes in the endocrine system caused by contrainsular and stimulating effect of somatotropic hormone (STH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on organs and tissues. Secondary diabetes mellitus was identified in 16-46% of patients, nodular goiter in 30-70%, secondary adrenal insufficiency in 11-20% of patients. The most common cause of acromegaly is an active pituitary tumor – somatotropinoma, rarely STH is overproduced by neuroendocrine cells, located endo- and extracranially. Recent achievements in neuroendocrinology provided significant improvement of management of patients. The aim of treatment for acromegaly is to achieve clinical and biochemical remission of the disease. At present three basic methods of treatment for acromegaly are used: surgical (endonasal transsphenoidal adenomectomy), drug therapy, radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery (cyber knife). Differential and combined use of modern medical drugs in the form of monotherapy and in a combination with surgical and radiation treatment permits to achieve both clinical and hormonal remission of acromegaly improving in this way the quality and duration of life of patients. In the given review of literature modern concepts of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical peculiarities, modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of this disease are presented.
{"title":"Acromegaly and comorbid conditions. New possibilities of diagnosis and treatment (literature review)","authors":"A. U. Zhulidova, I. I. Dubinina","doi":"10.23888/PAVLOVJ2018261117-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/PAVLOVJ2018261117-132","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the data published in Russian and foreign reference sources, an analysis of clinical-hormonal peculiarities, modern methods of treatment of acromegaly combined with polyendocrinopathies (diabetes mellitus, diffuse and nodular goiter, hypocorticoidism) and cardiovascular diseases was conducted. According to different authors, a decline in the quality and duration of life of patients is associated with significant changes in the endocrine system caused by contrainsular and stimulating effect of somatotropic hormone (STH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on organs and tissues. Secondary diabetes mellitus was identified in 16-46% of patients, nodular goiter in 30-70%, secondary adrenal insufficiency in 11-20% of patients. The most common cause of acromegaly is an active pituitary tumor – somatotropinoma, rarely STH is overproduced by neuroendocrine cells, located endo- and extracranially. Recent achievements in neuroendocrinology provided significant improvement of management of patients. The aim of treatment for acromegaly is to achieve clinical and biochemical remission of the disease. At present three basic methods of treatment for acromegaly are used: surgical (endonasal transsphenoidal adenomectomy), drug therapy, radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery (cyber knife). Differential and combined use of modern medical drugs in the form of monotherapy and in a combination with surgical and radiation treatment permits to achieve both clinical and hormonal remission of acromegaly improving in this way the quality and duration of life of patients. In the given review of literature modern concepts of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical peculiarities, modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of this disease are presented.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"32 5 1","pages":"117-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77379004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-28DOI: 10.23888/PAVLOVJ20174521-537
Y. Shatyr, Ю А Шатыр, I. Ulesikova, И В Улесикова, I. Mulik, И Г Мулик, S. V. Bulatetsky, С В Булатецкий, A. Mulik, А Б Мулик
Social activity being one of the main elements of organization of human vital activity, is characterized by systemic principle of formation and individuality of manifestations. Recognizing importance of the role of factors of social nature in development of social activity of an individual, one should agree that individual specialness of behavior largely depends on phenotypically determined psychophysiological and psychological features of an individual. Aim . The aim of research was to develop criteria and parameters of phenotypic individualization of social activity of a person. Materials and Methods . Into the study 146 individuals, males and females of 18-23 years of age were included. As the main criteria of psychophysiological and socio-psychological typologization of expressiveness and direction of social activity of an individual 2 groups of respective traits were used: impulsivity - initiativity - passivity, and prosociality - social neutrality - asociality. Results . The conducted experimental study permitted to correlate the device-detectable levels of the general nonspecific reactivity of an organism with the extent of expressiveness of social activity in human behavior. Here, a high level of general nonspecific reactivity was associated with inclination to impulsive behavior, a low level was associated with passive behavior, and the medium level of the general nonspecific reactivity of an organism was associated with inclination to initiative behavior. A method of qualitative differentiation and quantitative assessment of the individual prosociality-asociality balance in human behavior has been developed and tested. In order to technologize the process of complex evaluation of the expression and orientation of social behavior, a matrix of social activity of an individual has been developed that integrally characterizes the psychophysiological and psychological potential of an individual. Conclusion . The results of the study made it possible to specify the criteria and parameters of the phenotypical individualization of the social activity of an individual. The proposed method for assessment of the social activity of an individual provides a complex consideration of the physiological and psychological factors of the "sociality" of behavior, the possibility of qualitative typologization and quantitative determination of the individual prosociality-asociality balance, as well as algorithmization of the testing process.
{"title":"Development of phenotypical individualization of the person social activity criteria and indicators","authors":"Y. Shatyr, Ю А Шатыр, I. Ulesikova, И В Улесикова, I. Mulik, И Г Мулик, S. V. Bulatetsky, С В Булатецкий, A. Mulik, А Б Мулик","doi":"10.23888/PAVLOVJ20174521-537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/PAVLOVJ20174521-537","url":null,"abstract":"Social activity being one of the main elements of organization of human vital activity, is characterized by systemic principle of formation and individuality of manifestations. Recognizing importance of the role of factors of social nature in development of social activity of an individual, one should agree that individual specialness of behavior largely depends on phenotypically determined psychophysiological and psychological features of an individual. Aim . The aim of research was to develop criteria and parameters of phenotypic individualization of social activity of a person. Materials and Methods . Into the study 146 individuals, males and females of 18-23 years of age were included. As the main criteria of psychophysiological and socio-psychological typologization of expressiveness and direction of social activity of an individual 2 groups of respective traits were used: impulsivity - initiativity - passivity, and prosociality - social neutrality - asociality. Results . The conducted experimental study permitted to correlate the device-detectable levels of the general nonspecific reactivity of an organism with the extent of expressiveness of social activity in human behavior. Here, a high level of general nonspecific reactivity was associated with inclination to impulsive behavior, a low level was associated with passive behavior, and the medium level of the general nonspecific reactivity of an organism was associated with inclination to initiative behavior. A method of qualitative differentiation and quantitative assessment of the individual prosociality-asociality balance in human behavior has been developed and tested. In order to technologize the process of complex evaluation of the expression and orientation of social behavior, a matrix of social activity of an individual has been developed that integrally characterizes the psychophysiological and psychological potential of an individual. Conclusion . The results of the study made it possible to specify the criteria and parameters of the phenotypical individualization of the social activity of an individual. The proposed method for assessment of the social activity of an individual provides a complex consideration of the physiological and psychological factors of the \"sociality\" of behavior, the possibility of qualitative typologization and quantitative determination of the individual prosociality-asociality balance, as well as algorithmization of the testing process.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"23 1","pages":"521-537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82786703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-28DOI: 10.23888/PAVLOVJ20174551-564
A. Tishin, А Н Тишин, M. Pokrovskii, Михаил Владимирович Покровский, O. Tishina, О М Тишина, L. N. Sernov, Л. Н. Сернов, A. Stepchenko, А А Степченко
Aim . To study the antidiarrheal activity of enterosorbent on the basis of montmorillonite on the model of serotonin-induced diarrhea. Materials and Methods . The study was conducted on laboratory mice of both sexes, acute diarrhea was induced by intraperitoneal injection of serotonin hydrochloride at the dose of 0.32 mg/kg, enterosorbent was introduced orally in the form of aqueous suspension in a wide range of doses 30 minutes before introduction of serotonin. Within 4 hours, the time of onset of diarrhea, the number of defecations, the fluid content in fecal masses were taken into account. Morphological examination of the small intestine was carried out. Results . introduction of serotonin led to diarrhea in 100% of animals within 12.8±1.2 minutes, the number of defecations increased 2.5 times as compared to the intact animals and was 19.5±0.5 times in 4 hours, the fecal masses were predominantly semi-liquid and liquid. Use of enterosorbent coded Crim_04 at the maximum dose led to a delay in diarrhea up to 73.6±4.1 minutes, the number of defecations decreased to 9.4±0.1 with a significant solidification of feces. The antidiarrheal effect of enterosorbent was confirmed morphologically. Conclusions . Enterosorbent on the basis of montmorillonite with laboratory code Crim_04 possesses a dose-dependent antidiarrheal effect in modeling of serotonin-induced diarrhea.
{"title":"Application of enterosorbent on the basis of montmorillonite in acute diarrhea (experimental study)","authors":"A. Tishin, А Н Тишин, M. Pokrovskii, Михаил Владимирович Покровский, O. Tishina, О М Тишина, L. N. Sernov, Л. Н. Сернов, A. Stepchenko, А А Степченко","doi":"10.23888/PAVLOVJ20174551-564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/PAVLOVJ20174551-564","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To study the antidiarrheal activity of enterosorbent on the basis of montmorillonite on the model of serotonin-induced diarrhea. Materials and Methods . The study was conducted on laboratory mice of both sexes, acute diarrhea was induced by intraperitoneal injection of serotonin hydrochloride at the dose of 0.32 mg/kg, enterosorbent was introduced orally in the form of aqueous suspension in a wide range of doses 30 minutes before introduction of serotonin. Within 4 hours, the time of onset of diarrhea, the number of defecations, the fluid content in fecal masses were taken into account. Morphological examination of the small intestine was carried out. Results . introduction of serotonin led to diarrhea in 100% of animals within 12.8±1.2 minutes, the number of defecations increased 2.5 times as compared to the intact animals and was 19.5±0.5 times in 4 hours, the fecal masses were predominantly semi-liquid and liquid. Use of enterosorbent coded Crim_04 at the maximum dose led to a delay in diarrhea up to 73.6±4.1 minutes, the number of defecations decreased to 9.4±0.1 with a significant solidification of feces. The antidiarrheal effect of enterosorbent was confirmed morphologically. Conclusions . Enterosorbent on the basis of montmorillonite with laboratory code Crim_04 possesses a dose-dependent antidiarrheal effect in modeling of serotonin-induced diarrhea.","PeriodicalId":13184,"journal":{"name":"I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"3 1","pages":"551-564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84210617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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