In this letter, we investigate the joint beamforming design and antenna selection (AS) of a millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input-multiple-output (m-MIMO) secure network. Our objective is to maximize the system secrecy sum rate while considering the successful successive interference cancellation (SIC) constraint, base station (BS) maximum transmit power and the transmit AS constraint. Considering the sparsity of the antenna selection matrix in mmWave m-MIMO network, we propose a sparse optimization approach coupled with the weighted mean squared error minimization (WMMSE) method for the joint beamforming design and AS problem, in which an $l_{0}$ norm constraint involving the coupling of AS and transmit beamforming is introduced. To address the challenges posed by the $l_{0}$ norm constraint, we employ bisection search to transform the optimization problem into a sequence of feasibility problems. In each feasibility problem, we replace the $l_{0}$ norm with continuous surrogate functions based on the majorization-minimization (MM) method where the valid quadratic functions with smooth optimization are utilized. Monte-Carlo simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
在这封信中，我们研究了毫米波（mmWave）大规模多输入多输出（m-MIMO）安全网络的联合波束成形设计和天线选择（AS）。我们的目标是在考虑成功的连续干扰消除（SIC）约束、基站（BS）最大发射功率和发射 AS 约束的同时，最大限度地提高系统保密总和率。考虑到毫米波 m-MIMO 网络中天线选择矩阵的稀疏性，我们提出了一种稀疏优化方法，结合加权均方误差最小化（WMMSE）方法来解决波束成形设计和 AS 的联合问题，其中引入了涉及 AS 和发射波束成形耦合的 $l_{0}$ 准则约束。为解决$l_{0}$ 准则约束带来的挑战，我们采用分段搜索法将优化问题转化为一系列可行性问题。在每个可行性问题中，我们都用基于大化-最小化（MM）方法的连续代用函数替换了 $l_{0}$ 准则，其中利用了平滑优化的有效二次函数。蒙特卡洛模拟结果表明了所提方案的有效性。
{"title":"Joint Transmit Antenna Selection and Beamforming Design for Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO NOMA Secure Networks","authors":"Junbin Yu;Sai Zhao;Maoxin Tian;Quanzhong Li;Dong Tang","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3438876","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3438876","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we investigate the joint beamforming design and antenna selection (AS) of a millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input-multiple-output (m-MIMO) secure network. Our objective is to maximize the system secrecy sum rate while considering the successful successive interference cancellation (SIC) constraint, base station (BS) maximum transmit power and the transmit AS constraint. Considering the sparsity of the antenna selection matrix in mmWave m-MIMO network, we propose a sparse optimization approach coupled with the weighted mean squared error minimization (WMMSE) method for the joint beamforming design and AS problem, in which an \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$l_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 norm constraint involving the coupling of AS and transmit beamforming is introduced. To address the challenges posed by the \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$l_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 norm constraint, we employ bisection search to transform the optimization problem into a sequence of feasibility problems. In each feasibility problem, we replace the \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$l_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 norm with continuous surrogate functions based on the majorization-minimization (MM) method where the valid quadratic functions with smooth optimization are utilized. Monte-Carlo simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 10","pages":"2407-2411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3438231
Liqin Shi;Jiayao Shi;Yinghui Ye;Gan Zheng;Guangyue Lu
This letter investigates the performance of an ambient backscatter communication (BackCom) network with hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) assisted hybrid long and short packets, where a base station transmits long packets to a cellular user while an Internet of Things (IoT) node performs short-packet BackCom with retransmissions. For the IoT node’s short-packet BackCom, we adopt both the HARQ with chase combining (HARQ-CC) scheme and the practical non-linear energy harvesting model and investigate scenarios involving short-packet retransmissions spanning single or multiple cellular transmission blocks, where the closed-form expression for the IoT node’s block error rate (BLER) is derived by considering the energy causality constraint and the decoding error in the process of successive interference cancellation. For the cellular long-packet transmission, the outage probability is derived. Simulation results illustrate the correctness of the derived expressions and show that the utilization of the HARQ-CC scheme demonstrates a notable enhancement in the IoT node’s BLER performance without observable impact on the outage probability.
{"title":"Ambient Backscatter Communication With HARQ Assisted Hybrid Long-Short Packets","authors":"Liqin Shi;Jiayao Shi;Yinghui Ye;Gan Zheng;Guangyue Lu","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3438231","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3438231","url":null,"abstract":"This letter investigates the performance of an ambient backscatter communication (BackCom) network with hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) assisted hybrid long and short packets, where a base station transmits long packets to a cellular user while an Internet of Things (IoT) node performs short-packet BackCom with retransmissions. For the IoT node’s short-packet BackCom, we adopt both the HARQ with chase combining (HARQ-CC) scheme and the practical non-linear energy harvesting model and investigate scenarios involving short-packet retransmissions spanning single or multiple cellular transmission blocks, where the closed-form expression for the IoT node’s block error rate (BLER) is derived by considering the energy causality constraint and the decoding error in the process of successive interference cancellation. For the cellular long-packet transmission, the outage probability is derived. Simulation results illustrate the correctness of the derived expressions and show that the utilization of the HARQ-CC scheme demonstrates a notable enhancement in the IoT node’s BLER performance without observable impact on the outage probability.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 10","pages":"2258-2262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The forthcoming 6G and beyond wireless networks are anticipated to introduce new groundbreaking applications, such as Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC), potentially leveraging much wider bandwidths at higher frequencies and using significantly larger antenna arrays at base stations. This puts the system operation in the radiative near-field regime of the BS antenna array, characterized by spherical rather than flat wavefronts. In this letter, we refer to such a system as near-field ISAC. Unlike the far-field regime, the near-field regime allows for precise focusing of transmission beams on specific areas, making it possible to simultaneously determine a target’s direction and range from a single base station and resolve targets located in the same direction. This work designs the transmit symbol vector in near-field ISAC to maximize a weighted combination of sensing and communication performances subject to a total power constraint using symbol-level precoding (SLP). The formulated optimization problem is convex, and the solution is used to estimate the angle and range of the considered targets using the 2D MUSIC algorithm. The simulation results suggest that the SLP-based design outperforms the block-level-based counterpart. Moreover, the 2D MUSIC algorithm accurately estimates the targets’ parameters.
即将推出的 6G 及更高频率的无线网络预计将引入新的突破性应用，如综合传感与通信（ISAC），可能会利用更高频率下更宽的带宽，并在基站使用更大的天线阵列。这使得系统运行处于基站天线阵列的辐射近场状态，其特点是球面而非平面波面。在这封信中，我们将这种系统称为近场 ISAC。与远场系统不同，近场系统可以将发射波束精确聚焦到特定区域，从而可以同时从一个基站确定目标的方向和范围，并解决位于同一方向的目标。本研究利用符号级预编码（SLP）设计近场 ISAC 的发射符号矢量，在总功率约束下最大化传感和通信性能的加权组合。所提出的优化问题是凸问题，其解决方案用于使用二维 MUSIC 算法估计所考虑目标的角度和距离。仿真结果表明，基于 SLP 的设计优于基于块级的设计。此外，二维 MUSIC 算法还能准确估计目标参数。
{"title":"Symbol-Level Precoding for Near-Field ISAC","authors":"Nithin Babu;Alva Kosasih;Christos Masouros;Emil Björnson","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3438882","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3438882","url":null,"abstract":"The forthcoming 6G and beyond wireless networks are anticipated to introduce new groundbreaking applications, such as Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC), potentially leveraging much wider bandwidths at higher frequencies and using significantly larger antenna arrays at base stations. This puts the system operation in the radiative near-field regime of the BS antenna array, characterized by spherical rather than flat wavefronts. In this letter, we refer to such a system as near-field ISAC. Unlike the far-field regime, the near-field regime allows for precise focusing of transmission beams on specific areas, making it possible to simultaneously determine a target’s direction and range from a single base station and resolve targets located in the same direction. This work designs the transmit symbol vector in near-field ISAC to maximize a weighted combination of sensing and communication performances subject to a total power constraint using symbol-level precoding (SLP). The formulated optimization problem is convex, and the solution is used to estimate the angle and range of the considered targets using the 2D MUSIC algorithm. The simulation results suggest that the SLP-based design outperforms the block-level-based counterpart. Moreover, the 2D MUSIC algorithm accurately estimates the targets’ parameters.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 9","pages":"2041-2045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436699
Yile Peng;Xinwei Zhao;Shancheng Zhao
In this letter, we propose two novel low-complexity iterative guessing random additive noise decoding (IGRAND) schemes for product codes with enhanced anchor decoding (EAD). Both schemes are motivated by the observation that errors typically occur at the intersections of rows and columns that declare decoding failure by bounded distance decoding (BDD). For the first decoding scheme, termed confined IGRAND with EAD, the generation of test error patterns (TEPs) for the component GRAND is strictly confined to the intersections of invalid codewords which are detected before decoding. To further reduce the decoding complexity, we propose the second decoding scheme where the constraint on the generation of TEPs is dynamically updated according to the hard reliability scores (HRSs) in EAD. Specifically, the codewords are classified into reliable and unreliable subsets by a threshold and the generation of TEPs is strictly confined to the intersections of unreliable codewords during the decoding process. Such a decoding algorithm is referred to as dynamic-confined IGRAND with EAD. Extensive simulation results show that both decoding schemes achieve significant complexity reduction with only negligible performance loss. These results confirm the potential of the proposed decoding schemes in high-throughput applications.
{"title":"A Dynamic-Confined Iterative GRAND Algorithm With Anchor Decoding for Product Codes","authors":"Yile Peng;Xinwei Zhao;Shancheng Zhao","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436699","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436699","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we propose two novel low-complexity iterative guessing random additive noise decoding (IGRAND) schemes for product codes with enhanced anchor decoding (EAD). Both schemes are motivated by the observation that errors typically occur at the intersections of rows and columns that declare decoding failure by bounded distance decoding (BDD). For the first decoding scheme, termed confined IGRAND with EAD, the generation of test error patterns (TEPs) for the component GRAND is strictly confined to the intersections of invalid codewords which are detected before decoding. To further reduce the decoding complexity, we propose the second decoding scheme where the constraint on the generation of TEPs is dynamically updated according to the hard reliability scores (HRSs) in EAD. Specifically, the codewords are classified into reliable and unreliable subsets by a threshold and the generation of TEPs is strictly confined to the intersections of unreliable codewords during the decoding process. Such a decoding algorithm is referred to as dynamic-confined IGRAND with EAD. Extensive simulation results show that both decoding schemes achieve significant complexity reduction with only negligible performance loss. These results confirm the potential of the proposed decoding schemes in high-throughput applications.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 9","pages":"1976-1980"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436886
Mariam Mussbah;Stefan Schwarz;Markus Rupp
In this letter, an efficient beam-domain-based pilot assignment scheme is proposed to mitigate the pilot contamination caused by pilot reuse in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output systems. By exploiting the information provided through beam management during the initial access, we construct a graph that captures the potential interference in the beam domain and apply graph coloring for pilot assignment. In addition, we consider a radio frequency chain switch on/off strategy to improve energy efficiency. Numerical results verify that the proposed pilot assignment scheme can significantly improve both spectral efficiency and energy efficiency compared to existing schemes.
{"title":"Beam-Domain-Based Pilot Assignment for Energy Efficient Cell-Free Massive MIMO","authors":"Mariam Mussbah;Stefan Schwarz;Markus Rupp","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436886","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436886","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, an efficient beam-domain-based pilot assignment scheme is proposed to mitigate the pilot contamination caused by pilot reuse in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output systems. By exploiting the information provided through beam management during the initial access, we construct a graph that captures the potential interference in the beam domain and apply graph coloring for pilot assignment. In addition, we consider a radio frequency chain switch on/off strategy to improve energy efficiency. Numerical results verify that the proposed pilot assignment scheme can significantly improve both spectral efficiency and energy efficiency compared to existing schemes.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 9","pages":"2176-2180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10620234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436839
Zhiwen Zhou;Zhiqiang Xiao;Yong Zeng
As the mobile communication network evolves over the past few decades, localizing user equipment (UE) has become an important network service. While localization in line-of-sight (LoS) scenarios has reached a level of maturity, it is known that in far-field scenarios without a LoS path nor any prior information about the scatterers, accurately localizing the UE is impossible. In this letter, we show that this becomes possible if there are scatterers in the near-field region of the base station (BS) antenna arrays. Specifically, by exploiting the additional distance sensing capability of extremely large-scale antenna arrays (XL-arrays) provided by near-field effects, we propose a novel method that simultaneously performs environment sensing and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) UE localization using one single BS. In the proposed method, the BS leverages the near-field characteristics of XL-arrays to directly estimate the locations of the near-field scatterers with array signal processing, which then serves as virtual anchors for UE localization. Then, the propagation delay for each path is estimated and the position of the UE is obtained based on the positions of scatterers and the path delays. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior accuracy and robustness with similar complexity compared with benchmark methods.
{"title":"Single-BS Simultaneous Environment Sensing and UE Localization Without LoS Path by Exploiting Near-Field Scatterers","authors":"Zhiwen Zhou;Zhiqiang Xiao;Yong Zeng","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436839","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436839","url":null,"abstract":"As the mobile communication network evolves over the past few decades, localizing user equipment (UE) has become an important network service. While localization in line-of-sight (LoS) scenarios has reached a level of maturity, it is known that in far-field scenarios without a LoS path nor any prior information about the scatterers, accurately localizing the UE is impossible. In this letter, we show that this becomes possible if there are scatterers in the near-field region of the base station (BS) antenna arrays. Specifically, by exploiting the additional distance sensing capability of extremely large-scale antenna arrays (XL-arrays) provided by near-field effects, we propose a novel method that simultaneously performs environment sensing and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) UE localization using one single BS. In the proposed method, the BS leverages the near-field characteristics of XL-arrays to directly estimate the locations of the near-field scatterers with array signal processing, which then serves as virtual anchors for UE localization. Then, the propagation delay for each path is estimated and the position of the UE is obtained based on the positions of scatterers and the path delays. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior accuracy and robustness with similar complexity compared with benchmark methods.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 9","pages":"2071-2075"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Accurate channel estimation is crucial for millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems. Conventional grid-based compressive sensing approaches encounter the base mismatch problem, which degrades channel estimation accuracy. To address this issue, this letter proposes a novel gridless channel estimation strategy tailored for mmWave MIMO-OFDM systems. Specifically, the channel estimation problem is formulated as a joint sparse signal recovery problem by exploiting the inherent sparsity in the angle-delay domain of the mmWave channel. We then introduce a Hankel-Toeplitz block model-based new atomic norm minimization (NANM) algorithm with multiple measurement vectors (MMV), representing the formulated problem as a semi-definite programming (SDP) problem with structured sparsity. To efficiently solve the SDP problem, we employ a low-complexity alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM). Simulation results verify that the proposed method significantly enhances channel estimation accuracy with reduced pilot overhead, compared with conventional channel estimation techniques.
{"title":"New Gridless Method-Based Channel Estimation for Millimeter Wave MIMO-OFDM Systems","authors":"Lijun Zhu;Zheng Li;Ran Zhang;Zheng Chu;De Mi;Zhengyu Zhu;Gaojie Chen;Li Zhen","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436917","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436917","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate channel estimation is crucial for millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems. Conventional grid-based compressive sensing approaches encounter the base mismatch problem, which degrades channel estimation accuracy. To address this issue, this letter proposes a novel gridless channel estimation strategy tailored for mmWave MIMO-OFDM systems. Specifically, the channel estimation problem is formulated as a joint sparse signal recovery problem by exploiting the inherent sparsity in the angle-delay domain of the mmWave channel. We then introduce a Hankel-Toeplitz block model-based new atomic norm minimization (NANM) algorithm with multiple measurement vectors (MMV), representing the formulated problem as a semi-definite programming (SDP) problem with structured sparsity. To efficiently solve the SDP problem, we employ a low-complexity alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM). Simulation results verify that the proposed method significantly enhances channel estimation accuracy with reduced pilot overhead, compared with conventional channel estimation techniques.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 9","pages":"2166-2170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141887288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This letter introduces an energy-efficient pull-based data collection framework for Internet of Things (IoT) devices that use Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) to interpret data queries. A TinyML model is transmitted from the edge server to the IoT devices. The devices employ the model to facilitate the subsequent semantic queries. This reduces the transmission of irrelevant data, but receiving the ML model and its processing at the IoT devices consume additional energy. We consider the specific instance of image retrieval in a single device scenario and investigate the gain brought by the proposed scheme in terms of energy efficiency and retrieval accuracy, while considering the cost of computation and communication, as well as memory constraints. Numerical evaluation shows that, compared to a baseline scheme, the proposed scheme reaches up to 67% energy reduction under the accuracy constraint when many images are stored. Although focused on image retrieval, our analysis is indicative of a broader set of communication scenarios in which the preemptive transmission of an ML model can increase communication efficiency.
这封信为物联网（IoT）设备介绍了一种基于拉动的高能效数据收集框架，该框架使用微小机器学习（TinyML）来解释数据查询。TinyML 模型从边缘服务器传输到物联网设备。设备利用该模型为随后的语义查询提供便利。这减少了无关数据的传输，但在物联网设备上接收 ML 模型并对其进行处理会消耗额外的能量。我们考虑了单个设备场景中图像检索的具体实例，并研究了所提方案在能效和检索准确性方面带来的收益，同时考虑了计算和通信成本以及内存限制。数值评估结果表明，与基线方案相比，当存储许多图像时，在准确性约束条件下，所提出的方案最多可降低 67% 的能耗。虽然我们的分析侧重于图像检索，但它也适用于更广泛的通信场景，在这些场景中，抢先传输 ML 模型可以提高通信效率。
{"title":"TinyAirNet: TinyML Model Transmission for Energy-Efficient Image Retrieval From IoT Devices","authors":"Junya Shiraishi;Mathias Thorsager;Shashi Raj Pandey;Petar Popovski","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436816","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436816","url":null,"abstract":"This letter introduces an energy-efficient pull-based data collection framework for Internet of Things (IoT) devices that use Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) to interpret data queries. A TinyML model is transmitted from the edge server to the IoT devices. The devices employ the model to facilitate the subsequent semantic queries. This reduces the transmission of irrelevant data, but receiving the ML model and its processing at the IoT devices consume additional energy. We consider the specific instance of image retrieval in a single device scenario and investigate the gain brought by the proposed scheme in terms of energy efficiency and retrieval accuracy, while considering the cost of computation and communication, as well as memory constraints. Numerical evaluation shows that, compared to a baseline scheme, the proposed scheme reaches up to 67% energy reduction under the accuracy constraint when many images are stored. Although focused on image retrieval, our analysis is indicative of a broader set of communication scenarios in which the preemptive transmission of an ML model can increase communication efficiency.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 9","pages":"2101-2105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436579
Zhaopeng Du;Lin Mei;Xu Lin;Zhiyang Li;Bo Zhang
In this letter, we propose a novel embedded pilot orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) system. This system is mainly used for time-varying (TV) channels to reduce the overhead of OCDM channel estimation. In this system, a novel embedded chirp pilot arrangement in the discrete Fresnel domain with low overhead is designed. Furthermore, two channel estimation strategies are proposed for this pilot arrangement: a low-complexity data interference avoidance (IA) strategy and a higher-performance data interference suppression (IS) strategy. For the IS strategy, we also develop a novel channel estimator. Through simulation and analysis, we have demonstrated that the proposed system effectively improves the spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, and transmission rate (SET) compared to traditional embedded pilot OCDM systems, while maintaining similar performance levels.
在这封信中，我们提出了一种新型嵌入式先导正交啁啾分复用（OCDM）系统。该系统主要用于时变（TV）信道，以减少 OCDM 信道估计的开销。在该系统中，设计了一种低开销的离散菲涅尔域嵌入式啁啾先导排列。此外，还为这种先导安排提出了两种信道估计策略：低复杂度的数据干扰规避（IA）策略和更高性能的数据干扰抑制（IS）策略。针对 IS 策略，我们还开发了一种新型信道估计器。通过仿真和分析，我们证明与传统的嵌入式先导 OCDM 系统相比，所提出的系统能有效提高频谱效率、能效和传输速率（SET），同时保持相似的性能水平。
{"title":"A Novel Embedded Pilot-Aided OCDM System Over Time-Varying Channels","authors":"Zhaopeng Du;Lin Mei;Xu Lin;Zhiyang Li;Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436579","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3436579","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we propose a novel embedded pilot orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) system. This system is mainly used for time-varying (TV) channels to reduce the overhead of OCDM channel estimation. In this system, a novel embedded chirp pilot arrangement in the discrete Fresnel domain with low overhead is designed. Furthermore, two channel estimation strategies are proposed for this pilot arrangement: a low-complexity data interference avoidance (IA) strategy and a higher-performance data interference suppression (IS) strategy. For the IS strategy, we also develop a novel channel estimator. Through simulation and analysis, we have demonstrated that the proposed system effectively improves the spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, and transmission rate (SET) compared to traditional embedded pilot OCDM systems, while maintaining similar performance levels.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"28 11","pages":"2643-2647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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