Free-space optical (FSO) communications technology has been widely applied in uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) networks to offer the ambitious large-capacity, high-security, and interference-immuned links. However, due to atmospheric disturbances at low-altitude airspace as well as flexible-mobility and jitter of the UAV platform, the FSO link between UAVs often suffers from frequent beam misalignment, leading to undesired interruption of communications. Therefore, in this letter, we conceive a UAV-to-UAV (U2U) FSO beam alignment system, where an adaptive exploration driven deep deterministic policy gradient (AED-DDPG) algorithm is proposed to enhance the FSO link quality. By jointly optimizing transmit power and divergence angle at the transmitter site, associated to the field-of-view (FoV) angle at the receiver site, the minimized outage probability can be consequently attained. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively improves the FSO beam alignment of the U2U link under dynamic conditions, which further enhances the robustness of the UAV-FSO system.
{"title":"Adaptive Beam Alignment for UAV Free-Space Optical Communications With Low-Altitude Dynamics Consideration","authors":"Wanting Wang;Simeng Feng;Chenyan Gao;Jinchao Qin;Baolong Li;Chao Dong;Qihui Wu","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644867","url":null,"abstract":"Free-space optical (FSO) communications technology has been widely applied in uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) networks to offer the ambitious large-capacity, high-security, and interference-immuned links. However, due to atmospheric disturbances at low-altitude airspace as well as flexible-mobility and jitter of the UAV platform, the FSO link between UAVs often suffers from frequent beam misalignment, leading to undesired interruption of communications. Therefore, in this letter, we conceive a UAV-to-UAV (U2U) FSO beam alignment system, where an adaptive exploration driven deep deterministic policy gradient (AED-DDPG) algorithm is proposed to enhance the FSO link quality. By jointly optimizing transmit power and divergence angle at the transmitter site, associated to the field-of-view (FoV) angle at the receiver site, the minimized outage probability can be consequently attained. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively improves the FSO beam alignment of the U2U link under dynamic conditions, which further enhances the robustness of the UAV-FSO system.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"662-666"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645078
Yang Wang;Yin Xu;Cixiao Zhang;Zhiyong Chen;Mingzeng Dai;Haiming Wang;Bingchao Liu;Dazhi He;Meixia Tao
Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been recognized as a promising technology for next-generation wireless communications. However, the performance of RIS-assisted systems critically depends on accurate channel state information (CSI). To address this challenge, this letter proposes a novel channel estimation method for RIS-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems based on diffusion models (DMs). Specifically, the forward diffusion process of the original signal is formulated to model the received signal as a noisy observation within the framework of DMs. Subsequently, the channel estimation task is formulated as the reverse diffusion process, and a sampling algorithm based on denoising diffusion implicit models (DDIMs) is developed to enable effective inference. Furthermore, a lightweight neural network, termed BRCNet, is introduced to replace the conventional U-Net, significantly reducing the number of parameters and computational complexity. Extensive experiments conducted under various scenarios demonstrate that the proposed method consistently outperforms existing baselines.
{"title":"Channel Estimation for RIS-Assisted mmWave Systems via Diffusion Models","authors":"Yang Wang;Yin Xu;Cixiao Zhang;Zhiyong Chen;Mingzeng Dai;Haiming Wang;Bingchao Liu;Dazhi He;Meixia Tao","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645078","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been recognized as a promising technology for next-generation wireless communications. However, the performance of RIS-assisted systems critically depends on accurate channel state information (CSI). To address this challenge, this letter proposes a novel channel estimation method for RIS-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems based on diffusion models (DMs). Specifically, the forward diffusion process of the original signal is formulated to model the received signal as a noisy observation within the framework of DMs. Subsequently, the channel estimation task is formulated as the reverse diffusion process, and a sampling algorithm based on denoising diffusion implicit models (DDIMs) is developed to enable effective inference. Furthermore, a lightweight neural network, termed BRCNet, is introduced to replace the conventional U-Net, significantly reducing the number of parameters and computational complexity. Extensive experiments conducted under various scenarios demonstrate that the proposed method consistently outperforms existing baselines.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"597-601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644886
Wang Liu;Qingtao Zeng;Yuanmeng Zhang;Junfei Li;Erqing Zhang;Likun Lu
In recent years, with the explosive growth of terminal-side data, semantic communication (SemCom) has emerged as a promising solution to reduce the volume of transmitted data. However, the performance of deep learning(DL)-based semantic communication systems heavily relies on the computational capabilities of intelligent devices. Motivated by this, this letter proposes a lightweight Prompt-based Deep Separable Convolution Semantic Communication model (PDSC-SemCom). Specifically, PDSC-SemCom constructs a semantic decoder based on prompt learning with deep separable convolution (DS-Conv1D) and introduces a degradation-aware clustering routing mechanism. By integrating image degradation information with semantic information, it reorders the feature sequences accordingly. Subsequently, prompts guide the lightweight DS-Conv1D to focus on processing sequence segments that are both heavily degraded and semantically rich. Experimental results demonstrate that, for both image and text transmission tasks, PDSC-SemCom achieves competitive recovery performance while maintaining low computational overhead.
{"title":"PDSC-SemCom: A Lightweight Prompt-Guided Deep Separable Convolution Semantic Communication System","authors":"Wang Liu;Qingtao Zeng;Yuanmeng Zhang;Junfei Li;Erqing Zhang;Likun Lu","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644886","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with the explosive growth of terminal-side data, semantic communication (SemCom) has emerged as a promising solution to reduce the volume of transmitted data. However, the performance of deep learning(DL)-based semantic communication systems heavily relies on the computational capabilities of intelligent devices. Motivated by this, this letter proposes a lightweight Prompt-based Deep Separable Convolution Semantic Communication model (PDSC-SemCom). Specifically, PDSC-SemCom constructs a semantic decoder based on prompt learning with deep separable convolution (DS-Conv1D) and introduces a degradation-aware clustering routing mechanism. By integrating image degradation information with semantic information, it reorders the feature sequences accordingly. Subsequently, prompts guide the lightweight DS-Conv1D to focus on processing sequence segments that are both heavily degraded and semantically rich. Experimental results demonstrate that, for both image and text transmission tasks, PDSC-SemCom achieves competitive recovery performance while maintaining low computational overhead.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"567-571"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645100
Zhefu Wu;Tao Zhang;Yuxuan Wan;Agyemang Paul
Conventional OFDM receivers suffer performance degradation under dynamic 5G channels with high mobility and large delay spreads. Although deep learning-based receivers show promise, most existing designs emphasize frequency-domain modeling, limiting robustness in time-varying scenarios. To address this, we propose DARNet, an end-to-end receiver that directly processes time-domain signals. DARNet integrates complex-valued convolutional layers with a native sparse attention mechanism to extract and fuse time–frequency features for accurate bit recovery. Using datasets generated from 3GPP CDL channel models via the Sionna platform, evaluations show that DARNet surpasses traditional methods, achieving notable BER gains under complex channel conditions.
{"title":"DARNet: Deep Attention Receiver Network for 5G","authors":"Zhefu Wu;Tao Zhang;Yuxuan Wan;Agyemang Paul","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645100","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional OFDM receivers suffer performance degradation under dynamic 5G channels with high mobility and large delay spreads. Although deep learning-based receivers show promise, most existing designs emphasize frequency-domain modeling, limiting robustness in time-varying scenarios. To address this, we propose DARNet, an end-to-end receiver that directly processes time-domain signals. DARNet integrates complex-valued convolutional layers with a native sparse attention mechanism to extract and fuse time–frequency features for accurate bit recovery. Using datasets generated from 3GPP CDL channel models via the Sionna platform, evaluations show that DARNet surpasses traditional methods, achieving notable BER gains under complex channel conditions.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"572-576"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645065
Nishant Kumar;Aditya Prakash;Sudhan Majhi;Subhabrata Paul
In this letter, channel estimation for massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) is performed by using binary zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequences having a length in the form of a non-power of two $(2^{n+k+1}+2^{n+k-1})$ . The sequences are constructed using generalized Boolean functions (GBFs) that do not depend upon pre-existing sequences such as Hadamard sequences, complementary sequences, and complementary sets and optimally satisfy the Tang-Fan-Matsufuji bound on ZCZ sequences. The performance of MIMO channel estimation indicates that the proposed ZCZ sequences outperform those of using the existing sequences.
{"title":"New Construction of Binary ZCZ Sequences of Non-Power-of-Two Lengths for Massive MIMO Channel Estimation","authors":"Nishant Kumar;Aditya Prakash;Sudhan Majhi;Subhabrata Paul","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3645065","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, channel estimation for massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) is performed by using binary zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequences having a length in the form of a non-power of two <inline-formula> <tex-math>$(2^{n+k+1}+2^{n+k-1})$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The sequences are constructed using generalized Boolean functions (GBFs) that do not depend upon pre-existing sequences such as Hadamard sequences, complementary sequences, and complementary sets and optimally satisfy the Tang-Fan-Matsufuji bound on ZCZ sequences. The performance of MIMO channel estimation indicates that the proposed ZCZ sequences outperform those of using the existing sequences.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"547-551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644693
Pialy Biswas;Meik Dörpinghaus;Gerhard Fettweis
We study spike-based sensor node communication using runlength-limited (RLL) coding to encode information in the temporal distances of the spikes. For such systems integrate-and-fire time encoding machines (IF-TEMs) are considered as an energy-efficient alternative to uniform sampling analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) at the receiver. In this regard, we present a spike detector that employs an IF-TEM with periodic reset followed by a demapper calculating log-likelihood ratios of the transmitted RLL symbols. We assess the communication performance based on the achievable rate between the RLL encoder input and the RLL decoder output. A comparison to the use of 1-bit ADCs shows that the proposed spike detection enables communication at significantly lower energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio $E_{b}/N_{0}$ .
{"title":"IF-TEM-Based Detection for Spike Communications With RLL Encoding","authors":"Pialy Biswas;Meik Dörpinghaus;Gerhard Fettweis","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644693","url":null,"abstract":"We study spike-based sensor node communication using runlength-limited (RLL) coding to encode information in the temporal distances of the spikes. For such systems integrate-and-fire time encoding machines (IF-TEMs) are considered as an energy-efficient alternative to uniform sampling analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) at the receiver. In this regard, we present a spike detector that employs an IF-TEM with periodic reset followed by a demapper calculating log-likelihood ratios of the transmitted RLL symbols. We assess the communication performance based on the achievable rate between the RLL encoder input and the RLL decoder output. A comparison to the use of 1-bit ADCs shows that the proposed spike detection enables communication at significantly lower energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio <inline-formula> <tex-math>$E_{b}/N_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"647-651"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11300874","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644397
Aolin Liu;Bowen Feng;Ke Zhang;Ye Wang;Qinyu Zhang
Error detection is a critical function of channel coding in practical communication systems. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and experimental validation, it is concluded that the undetected error rate (UER) in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime is predominantly determined by the code weight distribution. Existing polar code constructions based on extended BCH (EBCH) codes exhibit outstanding weight distribution properties. Building on this, a conversion strategy is proposed to transform dynamic frozen bits into parity-check (PC) bits, thereby incorporating error detection capability into the designed decoder. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed schemes outperform cyclic redundancy check (CRC) concatenated polar codes in both block error rate (BLER) and UER under high-SNR conditions.
{"title":"Design of Parity-Check Concatenated Polar Codes From EBCH Codes","authors":"Aolin Liu;Bowen Feng;Ke Zhang;Ye Wang;Qinyu Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644397","url":null,"abstract":"Error detection is a critical function of channel coding in practical communication systems. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and experimental validation, it is concluded that the undetected error rate (UER) in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime is predominantly determined by the code weight distribution. Existing polar code constructions based on extended BCH (EBCH) codes exhibit outstanding weight distribution properties. Building on this, a conversion strategy is proposed to transform dynamic frozen bits into parity-check (PC) bits, thereby incorporating error detection capability into the designed decoder. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed schemes outperform cyclic redundancy check (CRC) concatenated polar codes in both block error rate (BLER) and UER under high-SNR conditions.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"552-556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Accurate LOS/NLOS identification is essential for robust Wi-Fi localization and sensing, yet existing COTS-based methods suffer from high data requirements (e.g., 100–500 packets) and AGC-induced amplitude distortion. To overcome these limitations, we propose two AGC-robust features: CIR Decay, capturing post-peak energy decay in the time-domain channel impulse response, and SEoAR (Sample Entropy of Amplitude Ratios), quantifying frequency-domain signal complexity using CSI amplitude ratios that inherently cancel AGC effects. Evaluated on Wi-Fi 6 COTS devices, our approach achieves 94% weighted accuracy with only 10 CSI packets, reducing data needs by over 90% compared to PhaseU and LiFi. This ultra-low sample dependency enables real-time, lightweight LOS/NLOS identification on resource-constrained edge platforms.
{"title":"Sample-Efficient LOS/NLOS Identification in Wi-Fi 6 With COTS Devices","authors":"Jian Wang;Lixing Wang;Haotian Zhang;Qingxu Deng;Wei Fang;Daqing Chen;Chao Shi;Jingyu Dong","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644181","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate LOS/NLOS identification is essential for robust Wi-Fi localization and sensing, yet existing COTS-based methods suffer from high data requirements (e.g., 100–500 packets) and AGC-induced amplitude distortion. To overcome these limitations, we propose two AGC-robust features: CIR Decay, capturing post-peak energy decay in the time-domain channel impulse response, and SEoAR (Sample Entropy of Amplitude Ratios), quantifying frequency-domain signal complexity using CSI amplitude ratios that inherently cancel AGC effects. Evaluated on Wi-Fi 6 COTS devices, our approach achieves 94% weighted accuracy with only 10 CSI packets, reducing data needs by over 90% compared to PhaseU and LiFi. This ultra-low sample dependency enables real-time, lightweight LOS/NLOS identification on resource-constrained edge platforms.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"622-626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This letter presents an improved non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) design using time-domain interleaving (TDI). The frequency diversity inherent in TDI is leveraged to improve the bit error rate (BER) of NOMA by mitigating the detrimental effects of channel frequency selectivity. The instantaneous signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the proposed system is derived and used to evaluate the BER using minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) equalization semi-analytically with spatial diversity over frequency-selective fading channels for an arbitrary number of users. Moreover, a tight analytic lower-bound (LB) is derived to enable efficient BER evaluation. The obtained analytical results, corroborated by Monte Carlo simulation, demonstrate that TDI can provide significant BER improvement to NOMA by resolving the performance degradation caused by severe fading and multi-user interference. The synergy of receiver spatial diversity and TDI enabled the low-complexity zero-forcing (ZF) equalizer to offer BER that is comparable to MMSE, which is drastically different from the single-input single-output (SISO) case.
{"title":"Design and Performance Analysis of NOMA-OFDM With Time-Domain Interleaving","authors":"Tasneem Assaf;Welelaw Lakew;Shihab Jimaa;Arafat Al-Dweik","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644341","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents an improved non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) design using time-domain interleaving (TDI). The frequency diversity inherent in TDI is leveraged to improve the bit error rate (BER) of NOMA by mitigating the detrimental effects of channel frequency selectivity. The instantaneous signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the proposed system is derived and used to evaluate the BER using minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) equalization semi-analytically with spatial diversity over frequency-selective fading channels for an arbitrary number of users. Moreover, a tight analytic lower-bound (LB) is derived to enable efficient BER evaluation. The obtained analytical results, corroborated by Monte Carlo simulation, demonstrate that TDI can provide significant BER improvement to NOMA by resolving the performance degradation caused by severe fading and multi-user interference. The synergy of receiver spatial diversity and TDI enabled the low-complexity zero-forcing (ZF) equalizer to offer BER that is comparable to MMSE, which is drastically different from the single-input single-output (SISO) case.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"542-546"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644424
Shu Cai;Yikai Chen;Jun Zhang;Qi Zhang;Zi-Qiong Lian;Ya-Feng Liu
Joint power and admission control (JPAC) is crucial for interference management in wireless networks, but its mixed-integer nature renders the problem NP-hard. This letter pioneers JPAC optimization for fluid antenna system (FAS)-aided interference channels, where users leverage dynamic port selection to enhance spatial diversity. We formulate the FAS-JPAC problem for a K-link single-input single-output (SISO) interference channel as a unified sparse $ell _{0}$ -minimization problem. The introduction of port selection variables induces novel integer constraints and bilinear SINR constraints, challenges absent in prior JPAC formulations. To address these challenges, we propose a generalized $ell _{q}$ -minimization deflation (GLQMD) framework. Our solution features: 1) An alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM)-based algorithm with semi-closed-form updates for efficient resolution of the nonconvex sparse $ell _{q}$ -minimization subproblem; and 2) Port-aware pre/postprocessing that accelerates deflation and narrow the $ell _{q}$ -$ell _{0}$ approximation gap, respectively. Simulations show that FAS-JPAC yields substantial gains in both admitted links and power efficiency over conventional JPAC baselines while maintaining runtimes on the same order as LQMD.
联合功率与准入控制（JPAC）是无线网络干扰管理的关键，但其混合整数的特性使得该问题难以解决。这封信开创了JPAC优化流体天线系统（FAS）辅助干扰信道，其中用户利用动态端口选择来增强空间多样性。我们将k链路单输入单输出（SISO）干扰信道的FAS-JPAC问题表述为统一的稀疏最小化问题。端口选择变量的引入引入了新的整数约束和双线性SINR约束，这是以前的JPAC公式所没有的挑战。为了解决这些挑战，我们提出了一个广义的$ well _{q}$最小化通货紧缩（GLQMD）框架。我们的解决方案特点：1)一种基于交替方向乘法器（ADMM）的半封闭更新算法，用于有效解决非凸稀疏$ well _{q}$最小化子问题；2)端口感知的预处理/后处理，分别加速通货紧缩和缩小$ well _{q}$ - $ well _{0}$近似差距。仿真表明，与传统的JPAC基线相比，FAS-JPAC在允许的链路和功率效率方面都取得了实质性的进展，同时保持了与LQMD相同的运行时间。
{"title":"Joint Power and Admission Control for Fluid Antenna System-Aided Interference Channels","authors":"Shu Cai;Yikai Chen;Jun Zhang;Qi Zhang;Zi-Qiong Lian;Ya-Feng Liu","doi":"10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3644424","url":null,"abstract":"Joint power and admission control (JPAC) is crucial for interference management in wireless networks, but its mixed-integer nature renders the problem NP-hard. This letter pioneers JPAC optimization for fluid antenna system (FAS)-aided interference channels, where users leverage dynamic port selection to enhance spatial diversity. We formulate the FAS-JPAC problem for a K-link single-input single-output (SISO) interference channel as a unified sparse <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ell _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-minimization problem. The introduction of port selection variables induces novel integer constraints and bilinear SINR constraints, challenges absent in prior JPAC formulations. To address these challenges, we propose a generalized <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ell _{q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-minimization deflation (GLQMD) framework. Our solution features: 1) An alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM)-based algorithm with semi-closed-form updates for efficient resolution of the nonconvex sparse <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ell _{q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-minimization subproblem; and 2) Port-aware pre/postprocessing that accelerates deflation and narrow the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ell _{q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$ell _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> approximation gap, respectively. Simulations show that FAS-JPAC yields substantial gains in both admitted links and power efficiency over conventional JPAC baselines while maintaining runtimes on the same order as LQMD.","PeriodicalId":13197,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Letters","volume":"30 ","pages":"557-561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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