Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000400113
Seyyed Ali Ghoreyshi, S. Firouzi, Soroush Marzban, Mahyar RadGoudarzi
{"title":"Rice Seedling Nursery: The new approach to develop local small enterprises","authors":"Seyyed Ali Ghoreyshi, S. Firouzi, Soroush Marzban, Mahyar RadGoudarzi","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000400113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000400113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"344 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76402450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000100003
Ingrid Poblete Quezada
{"title":"Fruticultura de hoja caduca en la Pampa del Tamarugal","authors":"Ingrid Poblete Quezada","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87560857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000100101
Kátherine Jeannette Osorio Díaz, Lia Ramos Fernandez, Teresa Velásquez Bejarano
{"title":"Proyección de los impactos del cambio climático en el caudal de la cuenca del río Lurín-Perú, bajo escenarios del CMIP5-RCP","authors":"Kátherine Jeannette Osorio Díaz, Lia Ramos Fernandez, Teresa Velásquez Bejarano","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87759852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000100115
Ángel David Hernández-Amasifuen, Alexandra Jherina Pineda-Lázaro, Hermila Belba Díaz-Pillasca
The rocoto ( Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav.) is a crop of great importance in Peru because it is in great demand within the national gastronomy. This crop has no defined varieties or cultivars, but it is represented by two significant genotypes: Serrano and Monte. It is necessary to obtain homozygous lines to define a cultivar; for this reason, the alternative of using biotechnological tools through another culture under in vitro conditions is presented to obtain homozygous individuals. Nevertheless, the response of another culture depends on each genotype understudy, and it is necessary to establish a basis for the establishment and generation of somatic embryos from rocoto anthers. For the reasons described above, the present research aimed to induce somatic embryos from in vitro culture of rocoto anthers. Flower buds of the Serrano genotype were used to determine the flower bud stage with the highest percentage of uninucleated microspores and determine the treatment with the highest percentage of disinfection in rocoto flower buds, and determine the treatment that allows the induction of somatic embryos from rocoto anthers. The IR4 group of flower buds presented the highest percentage of microspores in the uninucleate stage with 81.3%. Treatment D4 achieved the highest disinfection of flower buds with 89.01%. A total of 18.27% of anthers with somatic embryo formation were obtained using treatment T2.
{"title":"In vitro anther culture of rocoto (Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav.)","authors":"Ángel David Hernández-Amasifuen, Alexandra Jherina Pineda-Lázaro, Hermila Belba Díaz-Pillasca","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100115","url":null,"abstract":"The rocoto ( Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav.) is a crop of great importance in Peru because it is in great demand within the national gastronomy. This crop has no defined varieties or cultivars, but it is represented by two significant genotypes: Serrano and Monte. It is necessary to obtain homozygous lines to define a cultivar; for this reason, the alternative of using biotechnological tools through another culture under in vitro conditions is presented to obtain homozygous individuals. Nevertheless, the response of another culture depends on each genotype understudy, and it is necessary to establish a basis for the establishment and generation of somatic embryos from rocoto anthers. For the reasons described above, the present research aimed to induce somatic embryos from in vitro culture of rocoto anthers. Flower buds of the Serrano genotype were used to determine the flower bud stage with the highest percentage of uninucleated microspores and determine the treatment with the highest percentage of disinfection in rocoto flower buds, and determine the treatment that allows the induction of somatic embryos from rocoto anthers. The IR4 group of flower buds presented the highest percentage of microspores in the uninucleate stage with 81.3%. Treatment D4 achieved the highest disinfection of flower buds with 89.01%. A total of 18.27% of anthers with somatic embryo formation were obtained using treatment T2.","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"14 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83708617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000100049
M. Escobar, Catalina B. Muñoz-Pacheco, Nélida R. Villaseñor
{"title":"Antropización del paisaje y diversidad de especies de aves: el caso de los valles-oasis del Desierto de Atacama","authors":"M. Escobar, Catalina B. Muñoz-Pacheco, Nélida R. Villaseñor","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75364904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000100087
Rhodes Leopoldo Mejía-Valvas, Hugo Mendoza-Vilcahuamán, L. Gómez-Pando, R. Pinedo-Taco
The kiwicha cultivation ( Amaranthus caudatus L.) in Peru is a food security crop for rural Andean populations; however, the low use of fertilizers significantly reduces the yields and profitability of native and improved cultivars. The aimed of the research was to determine the agronomic behavior and the quality the kiwicha grain in improved and native varieties at different fertilization rates. The evaluated treatments consisted of three kiwicha cultivars (Oscar Blanco, Centenario and Caracino) and three levels of NPK fertilization (18-46-30; 100-80-60; 120-100-80), established in complete block design at the random with 3 x 3 factorial arrangement and four replications. The agronomic variables analyzed were grain yield, plant height, flowering time, maturation stage, and as quality components, weight of 1000 grains and protein content. With the 120-100-80 dose of NPK, regardless of the cultivars, the highest yield was observed (2235.12 kg ha –1 ); while, with local cultivar Caracino the highest yield was verified (2208.33 kg ha –1 ); likewise, the highest protein content with 15.39% was found with the cultivar Oscar blanco. Under the soil conditions and agroclimatic conditions of the study area, the local Caracino cultivar with the fertilization dose 120-100-80 reached the highest yield with acceptable levels of grain quality.
秘鲁猕猴桃种植(Amaranthus caudatus L.)是安第斯山脉农村人口的粮食安全作物;然而，肥料的低使用量大大降低了本地和改良品种的产量和盈利能力。研究了猕猴桃良种和乡土品种在不同施肥量下的农艺性状和籽粒品质。3个猕猴桃品种(Oscar Blanco, Centenario和Caracino)和3个氮磷钾施肥水平(18-46-30;100-80-60;120-100-80)，采用3 × 3阶乘随机设计，4个重复。分析的农艺变量为籽粒产量、株高、花期、成熟期以及品质组分、千粒重和蛋白质含量。氮磷钾用量为120 ~ 100 ~ 80时，各品种产量最高(2235.12 kg ha -1);而本地品种Caracino的产量最高(2208.33 kg ha -1);白奥斯卡的蛋白质含量最高，为15.39%。在研究区土壤条件和农业气候条件下，施肥剂量为120 ~ 100 ~ 80的当地Caracino品种产量最高，籽粒品质可接受。
{"title":"Comportamiento agronómico y calidad de kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L.) en función del cultivar y la dosis de fertilización","authors":"Rhodes Leopoldo Mejía-Valvas, Hugo Mendoza-Vilcahuamán, L. Gómez-Pando, R. Pinedo-Taco","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100087","url":null,"abstract":"The kiwicha cultivation ( Amaranthus caudatus L.) in Peru is a food security crop for rural Andean populations; however, the low use of fertilizers significantly reduces the yields and profitability of native and improved cultivars. The aimed of the research was to determine the agronomic behavior and the quality the kiwicha grain in improved and native varieties at different fertilization rates. The evaluated treatments consisted of three kiwicha cultivars (Oscar Blanco, Centenario and Caracino) and three levels of NPK fertilization (18-46-30; 100-80-60; 120-100-80), established in complete block design at the random with 3 x 3 factorial arrangement and four replications. The agronomic variables analyzed were grain yield, plant height, flowering time, maturation stage, and as quality components, weight of 1000 grains and protein content. With the 120-100-80 dose of NPK, regardless of the cultivars, the highest yield was observed (2235.12 kg ha –1 ); while, with local cultivar Caracino the highest yield was verified (2208.33 kg ha –1 ); likewise, the highest protein content with 15.39% was found with the cultivar Oscar blanco. Under the soil conditions and agroclimatic conditions of the study area, the local Caracino cultivar with the fertilization dose 120-100-80 reached the highest yield with acceptable levels of grain quality.","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87442496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple de Sustentabilidad en Unidades Productoras de Tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) en el valle del Mantaro, Perú","authors":"Vidal César Vidal Aquino Zacarías, Narcizo Isidoro Gómez Villanes, Rolando Porta Chupurgo, Jorge Jiménez-Dávalos","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87967444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000100067
Diana M. Mc Caughey Espinoza, Álvaro Reyes Olivas, Gloria Irma Ayala Astorga, Gabriel Antonio Lugo García, Andrés Ochoa Meza, Antonio Pacheco Olvera
{"title":"Evaluación del cosahui del sur (Krameria erecta Willd) en condiciones silvestres","authors":"Diana M. Mc Caughey Espinoza, Álvaro Reyes Olivas, Gloria Irma Ayala Astorga, Gabriel Antonio Lugo García, Andrés Ochoa Meza, Antonio Pacheco Olvera","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75689587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000100077
José Carlos de Almeida Pernambuco Filho, Wellington S.M. Almeida, Joanina Gladenucci, B. Zachrisson, R. C. de Oliveira
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of releases of different amounts of Telenomus podisi for the control of Euchistus heros in soybean crops. In addition, productivity was determined between treatments. The experiments were conducted in commercial areas of soybean production during the 2017/2018 crop season. The experiments were installed in three experimental areas in different locations of São Paulo state, Brazil; Pardinho (Farm Santa Fe), Tatuí (Farm Dos Lagos), and Angatuba (Farm Santa Irene). The experimental design was that of random blocks with five treatments and five repetitions. The statistical analysis of the experimental data applied was of variance homogeneity (Hartley Test), variance analysis (ANOVA), and Tukey’s average discrimination test, at 5% of probability. The treatments evaluated were: T1-2,000 eggs/ha; T2-3,500 eggs/ha; T3-5,000 eggs/ ha; T4-6,500 eggs/ha; T5-Control (Without T. podisi release). The release of adult parasitoids was carried out manually in the center of the plots. The parasitoid release interval was made from the presence of two nymphs or average adults of E. heros per linear meter, considering the end of the vegetative phase and physiological maturation. The sampling of nymphs and adults of E. heros were performed at weekly intervals (1, 7, 14, and 21 days) prior to the releases of T. podisi. The reduction in the number of nymphs and adults of E. heros, following the release of parasitoids was assessed. Additionally, productivity between treatments was evaluated. The release of 6,500 adults of T. podisi significantly reduced the number of nymphs and adults of E. heros and showed to be more effective regarding other treatments. The productivity between the treatments evaluated did not show significant statistical differences.
{"title":"Efficacy of Telenomuspodisi Ashmead, 1893 (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) release for the control of Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1794) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) eggs in soybean, in Brazil","authors":"José Carlos de Almeida Pernambuco Filho, Wellington S.M. Almeida, Joanina Gladenucci, B. Zachrisson, R. C. de Oliveira","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100077","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of releases of different amounts of Telenomus podisi for the control of Euchistus heros in soybean crops. In addition, productivity was determined between treatments. The experiments were conducted in commercial areas of soybean production during the 2017/2018 crop season. The experiments were installed in three experimental areas in different locations of São Paulo state, Brazil; Pardinho (Farm Santa Fe), Tatuí (Farm Dos Lagos), and Angatuba (Farm Santa Irene). The experimental design was that of random blocks with five treatments and five repetitions. The statistical analysis of the experimental data applied was of variance homogeneity (Hartley Test), variance analysis (ANOVA), and Tukey’s average discrimination test, at 5% of probability. The treatments evaluated were: T1-2,000 eggs/ha; T2-3,500 eggs/ha; T3-5,000 eggs/ ha; T4-6,500 eggs/ha; T5-Control (Without T. podisi release). The release of adult parasitoids was carried out manually in the center of the plots. The parasitoid release interval was made from the presence of two nymphs or average adults of E. heros per linear meter, considering the end of the vegetative phase and physiological maturation. The sampling of nymphs and adults of E. heros were performed at weekly intervals (1, 7, 14, and 21 days) prior to the releases of T. podisi. The reduction in the number of nymphs and adults of E. heros, following the release of parasitoids was assessed. Additionally, productivity between treatments was evaluated. The release of 6,500 adults of T. podisi significantly reduced the number of nymphs and adults of E. heros and showed to be more effective regarding other treatments. The productivity between the treatments evaluated did not show significant statistical differences.","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76386905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-34292022000100039
Ana Tereza Hesse Bispo, Joao Paulo Barbosa Santos, Jaqueline Da Silva Souza, Kelly de Almeida Silva, J. Boscardin
The Cerrado biome occupies 22% of Brazil’s land area and has one of the highest levels of endemism of flora and fauna species of any biome. As components of the fauna, the arthropods stand out as they perform several functions within ecosystems and serve as bioindicators of environmental quality. This work aimed to evaluate the association of the arthropod fauna with tree canopies in an area surrounding a fragment of a legal reserve adjacent to a coffee plantation. The study was conducted at the Juliana farm (18º43’29”S; 47º29’55”W), located in the municipality of Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The canopy net methodology was used, in which a net bag was wrapped around the branches and shaken five times, covering the four cardinal directions in the crowns of 20 trees. The contents of the net were placed in plastic bags, sealed, identified, and taken to the laboratory. Twelve monthly collections were performed between August 2018 and July 2019, for a total of 240 samples. The collected specimens were identified in taxonomic groups using a taxonomic key. During the sampling period, 804 individuals were collected, belonging to 56 taxa of the classes Arachnida and Insecta. Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae) was the most representative tree species, with 50% of the sampled taxa found in its branches. The order Araneae and the families Asilidae and Tephritidae (Diptera) and Formicidae (Hymenoptera) were the predominant taxa in the faunistic analysis. As potential predators, Araneae and Formicidae were the most important groups and were found in all tree species sampled. The families Braconidae and Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) were the most common among the parasitoids. We conclude that the legal reserve and permanent preservation areas maintain populations of tree species that can generate a survival site for natural enemies and other canopy arthropods.
{"title":"Arthropods associated to tree canopies in the edges of a forest fragment in the Cerrado of Minas Gerais, Brazil","authors":"Ana Tereza Hesse Bispo, Joao Paulo Barbosa Santos, Jaqueline Da Silva Souza, Kelly de Almeida Silva, J. Boscardin","doi":"10.4067/s0718-34292022000100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292022000100039","url":null,"abstract":"The Cerrado biome occupies 22% of Brazil’s land area and has one of the highest levels of endemism of flora and fauna species of any biome. As components of the fauna, the arthropods stand out as they perform several functions within ecosystems and serve as bioindicators of environmental quality. This work aimed to evaluate the association of the arthropod fauna with tree canopies in an area surrounding a fragment of a legal reserve adjacent to a coffee plantation. The study was conducted at the Juliana farm (18º43’29”S; 47º29’55”W), located in the municipality of Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The canopy net methodology was used, in which a net bag was wrapped around the branches and shaken five times, covering the four cardinal directions in the crowns of 20 trees. The contents of the net were placed in plastic bags, sealed, identified, and taken to the laboratory. Twelve monthly collections were performed between August 2018 and July 2019, for a total of 240 samples. The collected specimens were identified in taxonomic groups using a taxonomic key. During the sampling period, 804 individuals were collected, belonging to 56 taxa of the classes Arachnida and Insecta. Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae) was the most representative tree species, with 50% of the sampled taxa found in its branches. The order Araneae and the families Asilidae and Tephritidae (Diptera) and Formicidae (Hymenoptera) were the predominant taxa in the faunistic analysis. As potential predators, Araneae and Formicidae were the most important groups and were found in all tree species sampled. The families Braconidae and Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) were the most common among the parasitoids. We conclude that the legal reserve and permanent preservation areas maintain populations of tree species that can generate a survival site for natural enemies and other canopy arthropods.","PeriodicalId":13209,"journal":{"name":"Idesia (Arica)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79436480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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