Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3492893
{"title":"2024 Index IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology Vol. 14","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3492893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3492893","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"893-917"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10746425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486590
{"title":"IEEE Women in Engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"890-890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10742499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486594
{"title":"IEEE Open Access Publishing","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486594","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"891-891"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10742497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486592
{"title":"TechRxiv: Share Your Preprint Research with the World!","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3486592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"892-892"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10742496","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482636
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482636","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10742495","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482632
{"title":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482632","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10742500","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482634
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3482634","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"888-889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10742498","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article experimentally demonstrates a frequency-sweeping notch-beam sub-THz radar frontend based on a two-line array antenna featuring computational imaging. Operating within 237.5 GHz and 250 GHz with 12.5 GHz bandwidth, the radar utilizes a 12 $lambda _{c}$ delay line to achieve frequency-sweeping capabilities. This configuration allows dynamic notch-beam scanning across angular ranges from $-$ 26.5 $^circ$ to 28 $^circ$ . The radar frontend is highly compact with a total size of 20 mm× 14.3 mm× 1.2 mm, including the beam-steering network, a magic-tee for creating the 180 $^circ$ phase shift required for creating the notch-beam, and the antenna array, and is implemented by silicon micromachining. The radar was evaluated with single and dual-target scenarios utilizing and benchmarking different computational imaging algorithms, i.e., matched filter (MF), fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA), and multiple signal classification (MUSIC). It was found that the MUSIC algorithm outperforms MF and FISTA in range and angular resolution in single-target scenes, achieving a range resolution of 7.8 mm and an angular resolution of 15.7 $^circ$ , with detection errors of less than 6.6 mm and 3.5 $^circ$ , respectively. Although the MUSIC algorithm maintains reliable range resolution in dual-target scenarios, it performs poorly in providing angular information.
{"title":"Experimental Validation of a Notch-Beam and Frequency-Scanning Sub-THz Radar","authors":"Mohammad-Reza Seidi;Armin Karimi;Alireza Madannejad;Umer Shah;Joachim Oberhammer","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3471929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3471929","url":null,"abstract":"This article experimentally demonstrates a frequency-sweeping notch-beam sub-THz radar frontend based on a two-line array antenna featuring computational imaging. Operating within 237.5 GHz and 250 GHz with 12.5 GHz bandwidth, the radar utilizes a 12\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$lambda _{c}$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 delay line to achieve frequency-sweeping capabilities. This configuration allows dynamic notch-beam scanning across angular ranges from \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$-$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u000026.5\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 to 28\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. The radar frontend is highly compact with a total size of 20 mm× 14.3 mm× 1.2 mm, including the beam-steering network, a magic-tee for creating the 180\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 phase shift required for creating the notch-beam, and the antenna array, and is implemented by silicon micromachining. The radar was evaluated with single and dual-target scenarios utilizing and benchmarking different computational imaging algorithms, i.e., matched filter (MF), fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA), and multiple signal classification (MUSIC). It was found that the MUSIC algorithm outperforms MF and FISTA in range and angular resolution in single-target scenes, achieving a range resolution of 7.8 mm and an angular resolution of 15.7\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, with detection errors of less than 6.6 mm and 3.5\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, respectively. Although the MUSIC algorithm maintains reliable range resolution in dual-target scenarios, it performs poorly in providing angular information.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"865-873"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10700982","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3471898
Sven van Berkel;Subash Khanal;Sofia Rahiminejad;Cecile Jung-Kubiak;Alain Eric Maestrini;Goutam Chattopadhyay
Beam-scanning capabilities for space-borne submillimeter-wave spectrometers are critical for instrument calibration and field-of-view mapping. However, the lack of low-loss waveguide-integrated phase shifters above 500 GHz has been a significant challenge for realizing Terahertz phased array antennas. Recently developed microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-actuated phase shifters have emerged as promising candidates, initially demonstrating a 145 ${}^circ$ phase shift. As a first demonstration of the efficacy of these phase shifters for electronic beam-steering, we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a linear, near-Nyquist sampled, 4 × 1-element phased array operating from 500 to 600 GHz. The array element is a silicon micromachined leaky-wave feed based on a Fabry–Pérot cavity to enhance directivity and reduce grating lobes while achieving bandwidth requirements with minimal scan loss. It is shown, through measurements, that this antenna feed is suitable for use in larger 8 × 1-element arrays for applications that require moderate gain (20 dBi) and scanning ( $pm 20^circ$ ) with a fan beam. Furthermore, we present measurement results of a second generation of MEMS phase shifters with an increased measured phase shift up to 350 ${}^circ$ . A full 360 ${}^circ$ phase-wrapping capability is desired as this will enable high-gain lens-scanning phased arrays that can be used for future submillimeter-wave spectrometers.
{"title":"MEMS Phase Shifters for THz Beam-Scanning: Demonstration With a 500–600 GHz Phased Array With Leaky-Wave Feeds","authors":"Sven van Berkel;Subash Khanal;Sofia Rahiminejad;Cecile Jung-Kubiak;Alain Eric Maestrini;Goutam Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3471898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3471898","url":null,"abstract":"Beam-scanning capabilities for space-borne submillimeter-wave spectrometers are critical for instrument calibration and field-of-view mapping. However, the lack of low-loss waveguide-integrated phase shifters above 500 GHz has been a significant challenge for realizing Terahertz phased array antennas. Recently developed microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-actuated phase shifters have emerged as promising candidates, initially demonstrating a 145\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>${}^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 phase shift. As a first demonstration of the efficacy of these phase shifters for electronic beam-steering, we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a linear, near-Nyquist sampled, 4 × 1-element phased array operating from 500 to 600 GHz. The array element is a silicon micromachined leaky-wave feed based on a Fabry–Pérot cavity to enhance directivity and reduce grating lobes while achieving bandwidth requirements with minimal scan loss. It is shown, through measurements, that this antenna feed is suitable for use in larger 8 × 1-element arrays for applications that require moderate gain (20 dBi) and scanning (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$pm 20^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) with a fan beam. Furthermore, we present measurement results of a second generation of MEMS phase shifters with an increased measured phase shift up to 350\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>${}^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. A full 360\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>${}^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 phase-wrapping capability is desired as this will enable high-gain lens-scanning phased arrays that can be used for future submillimeter-wave spectrometers.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"830-842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3467173
Alexander Dohms;Nico Vieweg;Steffen Breuer;Tina Heßelmann;Robert Herda;Nadja Regner;Shahram Keyvaninia;Marko Gruner;Lars Liebermeister;Martin Schell;Robert B. Kohlhaas
Terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) offers considerable potential for a wide range of industrial applications, including thickness determination and defect identification through imaging. Fiber-coupled THz TDS systems are particularly promising due to their flexible and robust operation in a variety of environments. However, increasing the THz power of these systems remains a critical challenge for applications that require high dynamic range in very short acquisition times. Here, we present a significant improvement of a commercially available THz TDS system by combining a novel ultrafast Er-doped fiber laser and improved iron-doped InGaAs photoconductive THz emitters. The Er-doped fiber laser offers the combination of high average power up to 70 mW and ultrashort pulse duration down to 45 fs with a fiber delivery of 6.3 m to the THz antennas. The THz emitters are optimized in terms of the photoconductive material and gap size for excitation at optical power >50 mW and provide up to (958 ± 67) µW of emitted THz power. These improvements enable a record peak dynamic range of 117 dB for 60-s acquisition time and the highest peak dynamic range ever measured in a THz TDS setup of 137 dB.
{"title":"Fiber-Coupled THz TDS System With mW-Level THz Power and up to 137-dB Dynamic Range","authors":"Alexander Dohms;Nico Vieweg;Steffen Breuer;Tina Heßelmann;Robert Herda;Nadja Regner;Shahram Keyvaninia;Marko Gruner;Lars Liebermeister;Martin Schell;Robert B. Kohlhaas","doi":"10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3467173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3467173","url":null,"abstract":"Terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) offers considerable potential for a wide range of industrial applications, including thickness determination and defect identification through imaging. Fiber-coupled THz TDS systems are particularly promising due to their flexible and robust operation in a variety of environments. However, increasing the THz power of these systems remains a critical challenge for applications that require high dynamic range in very short acquisition times. Here, we present a significant improvement of a commercially available THz TDS system by combining a novel ultrafast Er-doped fiber laser and improved iron-doped InGaAs photoconductive THz emitters. The Er-doped fiber laser offers the combination of high average power up to 70 mW and ultrashort pulse duration down to 45 fs with a fiber delivery of 6.3 m to the THz antennas. The THz emitters are optimized in terms of the photoconductive material and gap size for excitation at optical power >50 mW and provide up to (958 ± 67) µW of emitted THz power. These improvements enable a record peak dynamic range of 117 dB for 60-s acquisition time and the highest peak dynamic range ever measured in a THz TDS setup of 137 dB.","PeriodicalId":13258,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology","volume":"14 6","pages":"857-864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10690264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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