This paper deals with the detection problem of airborne phased array radar in known and unknown prior spectrum knowledge scenarios. In the former case, several novel knowledge-aided (KA) detectors under the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) framework are proposed, e.g., two detectors based on structured clutter covariance matrix (CCM) and two step least square (TSLS) algorithm without samples. We further present another two improved KA detectors on the basis of training data. In the latter case, we develop compressive sensing (CS) detectors, e.g., Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS) detector without using samples. We further propose block sparse Bayesian compressive sensing (BSBCS) detector with training data available. Finally, we compare the several proposed detectors with each other and numerical results indicate that the proposed detectors exhibit more significant performances than the traditional detector.
{"title":"GLRT Detectors for Airborne Radar Based on Knowledge-Aided and Compressive Sensing","authors":"Zhihang Wang, Zishu He, Qin He, Guohao Sun, Fengde Jia","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898192","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the detection problem of airborne phased array radar in known and unknown prior spectrum knowledge scenarios. In the former case, several novel knowledge-aided (KA) detectors under the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) framework are proposed, e.g., two detectors based on structured clutter covariance matrix (CCM) and two step least square (TSLS) algorithm without samples. We further present another two improved KA detectors on the basis of training data. In the latter case, we develop compressive sensing (CS) detectors, e.g., Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS) detector without using samples. We further propose block sparse Bayesian compressive sensing (BSBCS) detector with training data available. Finally, we compare the several proposed detectors with each other and numerical results indicate that the proposed detectors exhibit more significant performances than the traditional detector.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"2221-2224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77405770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SAR ship detection is essential for marine monitoring. Due to the high similarity between the harbor and the ship body on gray and texture features, the traditional methods are unable to achieve effective inshore ship detection. An improved Faster R-CNN based on MSER decision criterion for SAR ship detection in harbor is proposed in this paper. It is a ship detection method based on the combination of feature-based method and pixel-based method. Firstly, Faster R-CNN is used to generate region proposals. Then, replace the threshold decision criterion of Faster R-CNN with the maximum stability extremal region (MSER) method to reassess the generated region proposals with higher scores, aiming at improving the detection rate and reducing the false alarm rate simultaneously. Experimental results based on satellite-borne SAR data illustrate that the proposed method obtains excellent detection performance and low false alarm rate.
{"title":"An Improved Faster R-CNN Based on MSER Decision Criterion for SAR Image Ship Detection in Harbor","authors":"Rufei Wang, Fanyun Xu, Jifang Pei, Chenwei Wang, Yulin Huang, Jianyu Yang, Junjie Wu","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898078","url":null,"abstract":"SAR ship detection is essential for marine monitoring. Due to the high similarity between the harbor and the ship body on gray and texture features, the traditional methods are unable to achieve effective inshore ship detection. An improved Faster R-CNN based on MSER decision criterion for SAR ship detection in harbor is proposed in this paper. It is a ship detection method based on the combination of feature-based method and pixel-based method. Firstly, Faster R-CNN is used to generate region proposals. Then, replace the threshold decision criterion of Faster R-CNN with the maximum stability extremal region (MSER) method to reassess the generated region proposals with higher scores, aiming at improving the detection rate and reducing the false alarm rate simultaneously. Experimental results based on satellite-borne SAR data illustrate that the proposed method obtains excellent detection performance and low false alarm rate.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"56 1","pages":"1322-1325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77463044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899209
Moeka Yamaji, T. Kubota, R. Oki
As one of the future precipitation observation missions discussed in Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), there is a concept of small spaceborne precipitation radar constellation in the Tropics. This can improve a quality of the multi-satellite precipitation product called Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) developed by the JAXA under the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission if realized. In this study, an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) on accuracy of GSMaP caused by increases of spaceborne precipitation radar observation was evaluated over Japan area. It was found that the accuracy got better as the frequency of pseudo precipitation radar data increases. The morphed technique in the GSMaP was adopted also in well-known global precipitation map products such as NASA IMERG and NOAA CMORPH, and therefore, current results could be expected to be similar in experiments using those products.
{"title":"Observing System Simulation Experiment on The Accuracy of Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMAP) by Future Small Precipitation Radar Constellation","authors":"Moeka Yamaji, T. Kubota, R. Oki","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899209","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the future precipitation observation missions discussed in Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), there is a concept of small spaceborne precipitation radar constellation in the Tropics. This can improve a quality of the multi-satellite precipitation product called Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) developed by the JAXA under the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission if realized. In this study, an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) on accuracy of GSMaP caused by increases of spaceborne precipitation radar observation was evaluated over Japan area. It was found that the accuracy got better as the frequency of pseudo precipitation radar data increases. The morphed technique in the GSMaP was adopted also in well-known global precipitation map products such as NASA IMERG and NOAA CMORPH, and therefore, current results could be expected to be similar in experiments using those products.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"22 1","pages":"7594-7597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77485642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900293
Y. Pi, Bo Yang, Rui Chen, Xin Li
Geometric calibration (GC) is a technique to compensate for the systematic errors in the imaging model of an optical satellite. The independent GC method without use of ground calibration site has been studied in recent years. In this paper, an integrated independent method aiming to the GC of stereo cameras aboard an optical satellite is presented. Supported by the satellite's stereo imaging ability, this method can overcome the strong correlation between the elevation error and camera GC accuracy, and get rid of the dependency on the constraints of ground elevation further. The real data collected by the stereo three-linear camera (TLC) of ZY-3 satellite was used to verify this method. The satisfactory GC accuracy better than 1 pixel indicated that the presented method effectively compensated for systematic errors, and improved the geometric quality of TLC images together.
{"title":"Integrated Independent Geometric Calibration of Stereo Cameras Aboard an Optical Satellite","authors":"Y. Pi, Bo Yang, Rui Chen, Xin Li","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900293","url":null,"abstract":"Geometric calibration (GC) is a technique to compensate for the systematic errors in the imaging model of an optical satellite. The independent GC method without use of ground calibration site has been studied in recent years. In this paper, an integrated independent method aiming to the GC of stereo cameras aboard an optical satellite is presented. Supported by the satellite's stereo imaging ability, this method can overcome the strong correlation between the elevation error and camera GC accuracy, and get rid of the dependency on the constraints of ground elevation further. The real data collected by the stereo three-linear camera (TLC) of ZY-3 satellite was used to verify this method. The satisfactory GC accuracy better than 1 pixel indicated that the presented method effectively compensated for systematic errors, and improved the geometric quality of TLC images together.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"29 1","pages":"8489-8492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77624203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898149
Yukun Guo, Ze Yu, Jingwen Li
Quasi geostationary orbit (GSO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has the superiority of continuous wide view Earth observation. High resolution is achieved at the cost of long integration time. In this paper we propose a new imaging method for quasi GSO SAR constellation. By implementing spectrum gap filling, the azimuth resolution corresponding to the gapped synthetic aperture covered by the constellation is reached. Simulation results validate the proposed method.
{"title":"A New Imaging Method for Quasi Geostationary Sar Constellation Using Spectrum Gap Filling","authors":"Yukun Guo, Ze Yu, Jingwen Li","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898149","url":null,"abstract":"Quasi geostationary orbit (GSO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has the superiority of continuous wide view Earth observation. High resolution is achieved at the cost of long integration time. In this paper we propose a new imaging method for quasi GSO SAR constellation. By implementing spectrum gap filling, the azimuth resolution corresponding to the gapped synthetic aperture covered by the constellation is reached. Simulation results validate the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"45 1","pages":"2901-2904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77633902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8897972
S. Ishii, A. Sato, M. Aoki, K. Akahane, Atsushi Matsumoto, S. Nagano, K. Nakagawa
Global three-dimensional wind measurement is important for weather prediction’ climate studies’ and various meteorological studies. Current space-based passive sensors can make wind measurements with a large coverage area and high temporal and horizontal resolutions but has a low vertical resolution. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) wants to develop space-based wind profiling systems. A space-based Doppler Wind Lidar (DWL) is one of useful and promising remote sensing techniques to fill the gap of current observations. The National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) is developing a single-frequency high-energy Tm,Ho:YLF laser, 1-μm key technology and instrument for a future space-based coherent DWL. In the paper’ we will describe recent progress and results of development of 1-μm key technology.
{"title":"Recent Research and Development of 2-μM Laser for Future Space-Based Doppler Wind Lidar in Japan","authors":"S. Ishii, A. Sato, M. Aoki, K. Akahane, Atsushi Matsumoto, S. Nagano, K. Nakagawa","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8897972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8897972","url":null,"abstract":"Global three-dimensional wind measurement is important for weather prediction’ climate studies’ and various meteorological studies. Current space-based passive sensors can make wind measurements with a large coverage area and high temporal and horizontal resolutions but has a low vertical resolution. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) wants to develop space-based wind profiling systems. A space-based Doppler Wind Lidar (DWL) is one of useful and promising remote sensing techniques to fill the gap of current observations. The National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) is developing a single-frequency high-energy Tm,Ho:YLF laser, 1-μm key technology and instrument for a future space-based coherent DWL. In the paper’ we will describe recent progress and results of development of 1-μm key technology.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"44 3 1","pages":"4851-4852"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77724237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899790
Feng Wang, Yuming Xiang, H. You
Microsatellites, which have become research hotspots, can obtain remote sensing video data of the target area through gaze imaging mode. However, at this stage, there is no dedicated video playback software and solution suitable for remote sensing video data display. Conventionally, remote sensing video data can only be played through ordinary video playback software. This could not fully display the rich information contained in remote sensing video data. In view of the above problems, this paper analyzes and designs a software solutions suitable for remote sensing video data playback. The proposed software solution can better display the geographical related information contained in the remote sensing video and describe the target dynamic information in the video.
{"title":"A playback software applied to remote sensing video information display","authors":"Feng Wang, Yuming Xiang, H. You","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899790","url":null,"abstract":"Microsatellites, which have become research hotspots, can obtain remote sensing video data of the target area through gaze imaging mode. However, at this stage, there is no dedicated video playback software and solution suitable for remote sensing video data display. Conventionally, remote sensing video data can only be played through ordinary video playback software. This could not fully display the rich information contained in remote sensing video data. In view of the above problems, this paper analyzes and designs a software solutions suitable for remote sensing video data playback. The proposed software solution can better display the geographical related information contained in the remote sensing video and describe the target dynamic information in the video.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"64 1","pages":"8863-8866"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77737703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899062
Qi Li, Rui Min, Z. Cui, Y. Pi, Zhengwu Xu
The scales of different ships vary in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, especially for small scale ships, which only occupy few pixels. So ship detection methods currently face difficulties in detecting multiscale ships. A novel method for multiscale ship detection in SAR images based on Dense Attention Pyramid Network (DAPN) is proposed in this paper. It can extract multiscale and salient features by DAPN, which densely connects Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to each feature map from top to down of the pyramid network. Then the fused feature maps are fed to the detection network for multiscale ship detection. Experiments on SSDD dataset show a better performance of this method to detect multiscale ships in different scenes of SAR images.
{"title":"Multiscale Ship Detection Based On Dense Attention Pyramid Network in Sar Images","authors":"Qi Li, Rui Min, Z. Cui, Y. Pi, Zhengwu Xu","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899062","url":null,"abstract":"The scales of different ships vary in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, especially for small scale ships, which only occupy few pixels. So ship detection methods currently face difficulties in detecting multiscale ships. A novel method for multiscale ship detection in SAR images based on Dense Attention Pyramid Network (DAPN) is proposed in this paper. It can extract multiscale and salient features by DAPN, which densely connects Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to each feature map from top to down of the pyramid network. Then the fused feature maps are fed to the detection network for multiscale ship detection. Experiments on SSDD dataset show a better performance of this method to detect multiscale ships in different scenes of SAR images.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"128 1","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77853048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900481
Tianlin Wang, V. Zavorotny, J. Johnson, Y. Yi, C. Ruf
The Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) mission employs measurements of the quasi-specular forward scattering cross section of the ocean surface for retrieving sea surface wind speed and roughness globally and, particularly, in the inner core of tropical cyclones. CYGNSS Level 2 data products include the ocean surface wind speed U10 and the mean square slope (MSS). An "excess MSS" approach has been previously proposed to account for sea state condition effects, including the presence of non-local swell and the degree of wave development, to reduce the influence of these effects and thereby improve wind speed retrievals. The approach requires ancillary information on the sea surface MSS and wind speed from models, and has been shown to provide some improvement in wind speed retrievals. In this work, the inclusion of an additional parameter, the inverse wave age, is examined to determine if additional improvements can be achieved. MSS and inverse wave age information is obtained from the WaveWatch III model run by IFREMER, and is used to compute a feedback signal for a closed-loop retrieval algorithm for both wind speed and MSS. The goal of the effort is to improve further the accuracy of CYGNSS Level 2 wind speed retrievals, and also to provide additional wave information if possible. This paper also investigates the technical methodology and potential benefits of integrating CYGNSS observations into the WW3 model.
{"title":"Integration of Cygnss Wind and Wave Observations with the Wavewatch III Numerical Model","authors":"Tianlin Wang, V. Zavorotny, J. Johnson, Y. Yi, C. Ruf","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900481","url":null,"abstract":"The Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) mission employs measurements of the quasi-specular forward scattering cross section of the ocean surface for retrieving sea surface wind speed and roughness globally and, particularly, in the inner core of tropical cyclones. CYGNSS Level 2 data products include the ocean surface wind speed U10 and the mean square slope (MSS). An \"excess MSS\" approach has been previously proposed to account for sea state condition effects, including the presence of non-local swell and the degree of wave development, to reduce the influence of these effects and thereby improve wind speed retrievals. The approach requires ancillary information on the sea surface MSS and wind speed from models, and has been shown to provide some improvement in wind speed retrievals. In this work, the inclusion of an additional parameter, the inverse wave age, is examined to determine if additional improvements can be achieved. MSS and inverse wave age information is obtained from the WaveWatch III model run by IFREMER, and is used to compute a feedback signal for a closed-loop retrieval algorithm for both wind speed and MSS. The goal of the effort is to improve further the accuracy of CYGNSS Level 2 wind speed retrievals, and also to provide additional wave information if possible. This paper also investigates the technical methodology and potential benefits of integrating CYGNSS observations into the WW3 model.","PeriodicalId":13262,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"60 1","pages":"8350-8353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77891605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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