Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2023-07-05DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01139-y
Abduldaheem Turki Jalil, Mahdi Abd Zair, Zainab Rahi Hanthal, Sarmad Jaafar Naser, Tahani Aslandook, Munther Abosaooda, Ali Fadhil
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder characterized by elevated androgen levels, menstrual irregularities, and polycystic morphology of the ovaries. Affecting 6-10% of women in childbearing age, PCOS is a leading cause of infertility worldwide. In recent years, there has been a growing acknowledgment of the involvement of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The expression of AMPK is diminished in polycystic ovaries, and when AMPK is silenced in human granulosa cells, there is a rise in the expression of steroidogenic enzymes, resulting in increased production of estradiol and progesterone. Additionally, in mouse models, the inhibiting AMPK intensifies the polycystic appearance of ovaries and impairs the process of ovulation. Moreover, it has been shown that AMPK activators like metformin and resveratrol ameliorate PCOS associated signs and symptoms in experimental and clinical studies. These findings, collectively, indicate the key role of AMPK in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Understanding the role of AMPK in PCOS will offer rewarding information on details of PCOS pathogenesis and will provide novel more specific therapeutic approaches. The present review summarizes the latest findings regarding the role of AMPK in PCOS obtained in experimental and clinical studies.
{"title":"Role of the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in the Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.","authors":"Abduldaheem Turki Jalil, Mahdi Abd Zair, Zainab Rahi Hanthal, Sarmad Jaafar Naser, Tahani Aslandook, Munther Abosaooda, Ali Fadhil","doi":"10.1007/s12291-023-01139-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12291-023-01139-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder characterized by elevated androgen levels, menstrual irregularities, and polycystic morphology of the ovaries. Affecting 6-10% of women in childbearing age, PCOS is a leading cause of infertility worldwide. In recent years, there has been a growing acknowledgment of the involvement of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The expression of AMPK is diminished in polycystic ovaries, and when AMPK is silenced in human granulosa cells, there is a rise in the expression of steroidogenic enzymes, resulting in increased production of estradiol and progesterone. Additionally, in mouse models, the inhibiting AMPK intensifies the polycystic appearance of ovaries and impairs the process of ovulation. Moreover, it has been shown that AMPK activators like metformin and resveratrol ameliorate PCOS associated signs and symptoms in experimental and clinical studies. These findings, collectively, indicate the key role of AMPK in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Understanding the role of AMPK in PCOS will offer rewarding information on details of PCOS pathogenesis and will provide novel more specific therapeutic approaches. The present review summarizes the latest findings regarding the role of AMPK in PCOS obtained in experimental and clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77446081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2023-07-28DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01144-1
Najeebul Tarfeen, Khair Ul Nisa, Shariq Rashid Masoodi, Humaira Bhat, Saba Wani, Bashir Ahmad Ganai
In this study, the role of inflammatory biomarkers and vitamin D in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their correlation with diabetes related factors (HbA1c, FPG, and insulin) was analysed. In this study, Kashmiri patients with T2DM and healthy individuals were considered as cases (n = 100) and controls (n = 100) respectively. Blood samples from both groups were collected, inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, CRP), as well as serum vitamin D levels, were estimated by ELISA. From our results it was revealed that patients with T2DM had significantly lower serum vitamin D levels than control groups (p<0.05). Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, including TNF-α and CRP, were seen to be elevated reaching a level of statistical significance (p<0.05). On correlating the HbA1c, FPG and insulin with TNF-α, CRP and vitamin D, significant positive correlation (p<0.05) was found between TNF-α and CRP with HbA1c and FPG in patients, non-significant positive correlation (p>0.05) was observed between insulin with TNF-α, and vitamin D and weak negative correlation with CRP in case study group. On correlating the impact of vitamin D on HbA1c and FPG levels, non-significant weak negative correlation was observed in patient group than controls, indicating that patients with lower vitamin D levels have higher HbA1c, showing that lower vitamin D have some role in etiology of T2DM.
在这项研究中,分析了炎症生物标志物和维生素 D 在 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)中的作用及其与糖尿病相关因素(HbA1c、FPG 和胰岛素)的相关性。在这项研究中,克什米尔 T2DM 患者和健康人分别被视为病例(100 人)和对照组(100 人)。研究人员采集了两组患者的血液样本,并通过 ELISA 方法估算了炎症生物标志物(TNF-α、CRP)和血清维生素 D 水平。结果显示,T2DM 患者的血清维生素 D 水平明显低于对照组(ppp>0.05),在病例研究组中,胰岛素与 TNF-α 和维生素 D 之间呈负相关,与 CRP 呈弱相关。在维生素 D 对 HbA1c 和 FPG 水平影响的相关性方面,观察到患者组比对照组存在非显著的弱负相关,表明维生素 D 水平较低的患者 HbA1c 较高,这说明维生素 D 水平较低在 T2DM 的病因中起一定作用。
{"title":"Correlation of Diabetes Related Factors with Vitamin D and Immunological Parameters in T2DM Kashmiri Population.","authors":"Najeebul Tarfeen, Khair Ul Nisa, Shariq Rashid Masoodi, Humaira Bhat, Saba Wani, Bashir Ahmad Ganai","doi":"10.1007/s12291-023-01144-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12291-023-01144-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the role of inflammatory biomarkers and vitamin D in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their correlation with diabetes related factors (HbA1c, FPG, and insulin) was analysed. In this study, Kashmiri patients with T2DM and healthy individuals were considered as cases (n = 100) and controls (n = 100) respectively. Blood samples from both groups were collected, inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, CRP), as well as serum vitamin D levels, were estimated by ELISA. From our results it was revealed that patients with T2DM had significantly lower serum vitamin D levels than control groups (<i>p</i><0.05). Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, including TNF-α and CRP, were seen to be elevated reaching a level of statistical significance (<i>p</i><0.05). On correlating the HbA1c, FPG and insulin with TNF-α, CRP and vitamin D, significant positive correlation (<i>p</i><0.05) was found between TNF-α and CRP with HbA1c and FPG in patients, non-significant positive correlation (<i>p</i>>0.05) was observed between insulin with TNF-α, and vitamin D and weak negative correlation with CRP in case study group. On correlating the impact of vitamin D on HbA1c and FPG levels, non-significant weak negative correlation was observed in patient group than controls, indicating that patients with lower vitamin D levels have higher HbA1c, showing that lower vitamin D have some role in etiology of T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81199879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01143-2
Sumrati Gurtoo, Chinmaya Narayana Kotimoole, K S Sahana, A B Arun
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe birth complication affecting neonates. Around 40-60% of affected neonates die by two years of age or have severe disabilities and neurodevelopmental delays. The early assessments of brain injury using traditional clinical and biochemical indicators do not always align with its severity and recovery. This delays identifying neonates who may benefit from adjuvant therapeutic strategies and monitoring therapy response. Our aim was to identify specific proteins using proteomic approach to predict the severity of neonatal asphyxia so that its outcome can also be prevented. To achieve this goal a case-control study was conducted on 38 neonates, and serum and urine samples were collected within 24 h of life. Clinical findings, biochemical parameters, and outcomes of the neonates were recorded. A tandem mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics approach was used to identify proteins in the serum and urine of HIE neonates. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to assess the potential features and competence of the identified differentially expressed proteins. This resulted in identification of 51 differentially expressed proteins which were found common to both serum and urine proteomic data. Some of the promising biomarkers found were APOD, ORM1, SOD1, and FABP1. These proteins were associated with the pathways like Amyloid fiber formation, diseases of programmed cell death, detoxification of reactive oxygen species, and neurodegenerative diseases. This study will pave the way for identifying the biomarkers (proteins) that can screen neonates for brain injury and monitor the disease progression, which may reduce mortality and neurodevelopmental impairment.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-023-01143-2.
{"title":"Identification of Novel Biomarkers Using Serum and Urinary Proteomics for Early Detection of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.","authors":"Sumrati Gurtoo, Chinmaya Narayana Kotimoole, K S Sahana, A B Arun","doi":"10.1007/s12291-023-01143-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12291-023-01143-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe birth complication affecting neonates. Around 40-60% of affected neonates die by two years of age or have severe disabilities and neurodevelopmental delays. The early assessments of brain injury using traditional clinical and biochemical indicators do not always align with its severity and recovery. This delays identifying neonates who may benefit from adjuvant therapeutic strategies and monitoring therapy response. Our aim was to identify specific proteins using proteomic approach to predict the severity of neonatal asphyxia so that its outcome can also be prevented. To achieve this goal a case-control study was conducted on 38 neonates, and serum and urine samples were collected within 24 h of life. Clinical findings, biochemical parameters, and outcomes of the neonates were recorded. A tandem mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics approach was used to identify proteins in the serum and urine of HIE neonates. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to assess the potential features and competence of the identified differentially expressed proteins. This resulted in identification of 51 differentially expressed proteins which were found common to both serum and urine proteomic data. Some of the promising biomarkers found were APOD, ORM1, SOD1, and FABP1. These proteins were associated with the pathways like Amyloid fiber formation, diseases of programmed cell death, detoxification of reactive oxygen species, and neurodegenerative diseases. This study will pave the way for identifying the biomarkers (proteins) that can screen neonates for brain injury and monitor the disease progression, which may reduce mortality and neurodevelopmental impairment.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-023-01143-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88485439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy (DA) and clinical utility (CU) of DNA methylation (5 methylcytosine) in occupational Pb-exposure from Pb based industry. Blood Lead levels (BLLs) were measured using the ICP-OES method. The total DNA methylation (5-mC) was quantified using ELISA method. Based on their BLLs, the Pb-exposed workers were categorised into three groups: low (< 10 µg/dL), moderate (10-30 µg/dL), and high exposure (> 30 µg/dL). DNA methylation (5-mC) was significantly lower in moderate and high Pb-exposure groups when compared to the low Pb-exposure group. Workers exposed to high levels of Pb-exposure, the DA variables of 5-mC showed that the sensitivity was 74.7% [95% CI 65.4-84.0], specificity was 69.6% [95% CI 50.8-88.4], positive predictive value (PPV) was 89.9% [95% CI 82.7-97.0], Postive likelihood ratio (LR+) was 2.454 [95% CI 1.3-4.6], and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) is 6.3 [95% CI 6.5-7.7]. In moderate Pb-exposure, the DA variables of 5-mC revealed that the sensitivity is 64.9% [95% CI 55.2-74.5], the specificity is 69.6% [95% CI 50.8-88.4], the PPV is 89.7% [95% CI 82.5-97.0], the LR+ is 2.132 [95% CI 1.13-4.03], and the DOR is 4.2 [95% CI 3.6-5.7]. The high Pb-exposure group had higher DA metrics when compared to moderate Pb exposure. The clinical utility (CU+) of 5-mC was found to have good utility of 0.671 [95% CI 0.566-0.776] in the high Pb exposure group and fair utility of 0.582 [95% CI 0.470-0.694] in moderate Pb exposure group. In conclusion, DNA methylation (5mC) could be used as a predictive biomarker for high Pb-exposure.
本研究调查了 DNA 甲基化(5 甲基胞嘧啶)在铅工业职业性铅暴露中的诊断准确性(DA)和临床实用性(CU)。采用 ICP-OES 方法测量血液铅含量 (BLL)。DNA 总甲基化(5-mC)采用 ELISA 方法进行量化。根据他们的血铅含量,受铅污染的工人被分为三组:低(30 µg/dL)组、中(30 µg/dL)组和高(30 µg/dL)组。与低铅暴露组相比,中度和高度铅暴露组的 DNA 甲基化(5-mC)明显较低。在暴露于高浓度铅的工人中,5-mC 的 DA 变量显示灵敏度为 74.7% [95% CI 65.4-84.0],特异性为 69.6% [95% CI 50.8-88.4],阳性预测值(positive predictive value,阳性预测值)为 0.5%。阳性预测值(PPV)为 89.9% [95% CI 82.7-97.0],阳性似然比(LR+)为 2.454 [95% CI 1.3-4.6],诊断几率比(DOR)为 6.3 [95% CI 6.5-7.7]。在中度铅暴露中,5-mC 的 DA 变量显示灵敏度为 64.9% [95% CI 55.2-74.5],特异性为 69.6% [95% CI 50.8-88.4],PPV 为 89.7% [95% CI 82.5-97.0],LR+ 为 2.132 [95% CI 1.13-4.03],DOR 为 4.2 [95% CI 3.6-5.7]。与中度铅暴露相比,高铅暴露组的 DA 指标更高。在高铅暴露组,5-mC 的临床实用性(CU+)为 0.671 [95% CI 0.566-0.776],良好;在中度铅暴露组,5-mC 的临床实用性为 0.582 [95% CI 0.470-0.694],一般。总之,DNA甲基化(5mC)可作为高铅暴露的预测性生物标志物。
{"title":"Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Utility of DNA Methylation (5-mC) in Detecting Severity of Occupational Lead Exposure.","authors":"Ravibabu Kalahasthi, Vinay Kumar Adepu, Raju Nagaraju","doi":"10.1007/s12291-023-01138-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12291-023-01138-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy (DA) and clinical utility (CU) of DNA methylation (5 methylcytosine) in occupational Pb-exposure from Pb based industry. Blood Lead levels (BLLs) were measured using the ICP-OES method. The total DNA methylation (5-mC) was quantified using ELISA method. Based on their BLLs, the Pb-exposed workers were categorised into three groups: low (< 10 µg/dL), moderate (10-30 µg/dL), and high exposure (> 30 µg/dL). DNA methylation (5-mC) was significantly lower in moderate and high Pb-exposure groups when compared to the low Pb-exposure group. Workers exposed to high levels of Pb-exposure, the DA variables of 5-mC showed that the sensitivity was 74.7% [95% CI 65.4-84.0], specificity was 69.6% [95% CI 50.8-88.4], positive predictive value (PPV) was 89.9% [95% CI 82.7-97.0], Postive likelihood ratio (LR+) was 2.454 [95% CI 1.3-4.6], and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) is 6.3 [95% CI 6.5-7.7]. In moderate Pb-exposure, the DA variables of 5-mC revealed that the sensitivity is 64.9% [95% CI 55.2-74.5], the specificity is 69.6% [95% CI 50.8-88.4], the PPV is 89.7% [95% CI 82.5-97.0], the LR+ is 2.132 [95% CI 1.13-4.03], and the DOR is 4.2 [95% CI 3.6-5.7]. The high Pb-exposure group had higher DA metrics when compared to moderate Pb exposure. The clinical utility (CU+) of 5-mC was found to have good utility of 0.671 [95% CI 0.566-0.776] in the high Pb exposure group and fair utility of 0.582 [95% CI 0.470-0.694] in moderate Pb exposure group. In conclusion, DNA methylation (5mC) could be used as a predictive biomarker for high Pb-exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79273717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2023-08-09DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01146-z
Cem Horozoglu, Asli Yildiz, Dilara Sonmez, Seyda Demirkol, Yemliha Yildiz, Soykan Arikan, Ilhan Yaylim
TRAIL, a member of the TNF family, is expressed in tumor and tumor surrounding tissue in many solid organ cancers. While the induction of tumor-specific apoptosis in correlation with cytokine stimulation may cause anti-tumoral effects, the pro-tumorigenic effects of its expression by tumor surrounding tissue members have been reported in the literature. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of the gene variant of TRAIL on soluble levels in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) on the molecular pathological axis. TRAIL C1595 gene variant PCR-RFLP and sTRAIL levels were determined by ELISA in age and sex adjusted CRC and control groups. It was determined that CT carriage was high in patients without perineural invasion and sTRAIL levels were approximately 2.72 times lower than CC in patients with CT in this group (p < 0.05). Similarly, sTRAIL level was found to be high in patients with CC genotype in CRC without lymph node metastas. It was determined that CT carriage was high in patients without perineural invasion and sTRAIL levels were approximately 2.49 times lower than CC in patients with CT in this group.is (p < 0.05). We think that TRAIL C1595T in CRC can change sTRAIL levels in the clinicopathological axis in advanced stages such as metastasis and invasion, but both are not independent risk factors.
{"title":"TRAIL C1595T Variant Critically Alters the Level of sTRAIL in Terms of Histopathological Parameters in Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Cem Horozoglu, Asli Yildiz, Dilara Sonmez, Seyda Demirkol, Yemliha Yildiz, Soykan Arikan, Ilhan Yaylim","doi":"10.1007/s12291-023-01146-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12291-023-01146-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>TRAIL, a member of the TNF family, is expressed in tumor and tumor surrounding tissue in many solid organ cancers. While the induction of tumor-specific apoptosis in correlation with cytokine stimulation may cause anti-tumoral effects, the pro-tumorigenic effects of its expression by tumor surrounding tissue members have been reported in the literature. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of the gene variant of TRAIL on soluble levels in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) on the molecular pathological axis. TRAIL C1595 gene variant PCR-RFLP and sTRAIL levels were determined by ELISA in age and sex adjusted CRC and control groups. It was determined that CT carriage was high in patients without perineural invasion and sTRAIL levels were approximately 2.72 times lower than CC in patients with CT in this group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Similarly, sTRAIL level was found to be high in patients with CC genotype in CRC without lymph node metastas. It was determined that CT carriage was high in patients without perineural invasion and sTRAIL levels were approximately 2.49 times lower than CC in patients with CT in this group.is (<i>p</i> < 0.05). We think that TRAIL C1595T in CRC can change sTRAIL levels in the clinicopathological axis in advanced stages such as metastasis and invasion, but both are not independent risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88006711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1007/s12291-024-01270-4
Prasenjit Mitra, Shruti Gupta, Praveen Sharma
{"title":"Double Trouble: Unravelling the Health Hazards of Microplastics and Heavy Metals.","authors":"Prasenjit Mitra, Shruti Gupta, Praveen Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s12291-024-01270-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-024-01270-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2023-06-24DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01141-4
Mohammed H Hassan, Aya A Saadeldin, Gamal Alsagheer, Tarek Desoky, Al Shaimaa Hasan
Tramadol is a pain killing drug highly used worldwide. There is a knowledge gap for fertility consequences of analgesic addiction in men. In this observational study, we investigated the hazards of tramadol abuse on human male reproductive function. A total of 30 tramadol addicts and 30 healthy controls have participated in the study. History and clinical examination of the included subjects were performed. Biochemical and molecular assays were measured in all participants include serum reproductive hormones (calculated free testosterone, FSH, LH, prolactin and estradiol) using ELISA techniques, semen analysis, seminal plasma zinc and selenium assays using colorimetric kits, seminal plasma tramadol concentrations using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and seminal plasma 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG) using high performance liquid chromatography were measured. Tramadol abuse significantly decreased semen parameters quality. Additionally, tramadol abuse significantly decreased testosterone (P = 0.001) and increased prolactin serum levels (P = 0.000). Tramadol abusers showed significantly higher levels of 8-OHG (P < 0.0001) with significantly lower levels of zinc and selenium in their seminal plasma compared with the controls (P < 0.0001, and 0.0002 respectively). Also, tramadol addicts displayed positive correlations between seminal plasma levels of 8-OHG (r = 0.905, P = 0.00) and sperm abnormal forms (r = 0.610, P = 0.000) with seminal plasma tramadol levels. Seminal plasma levels of zinc (r = - 0.815, P = 0.00), sperm motility (r = - 0.484, P = 0.007), and vitality (r = - 0.430, P = 0.018) were negatively correlated with seminal plasma levels of tramadol. Our data suggest that tramadol abuse may impair male fertility by increasing oxidative damage of sperms and reducing testosterone and the antioxidants trace elements in testicular tissues.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-023-01141-4.
{"title":"Biochemical and Pharmacological Assessments of Tramadol Abuse on Human Male Fertility: Relation to Seminal Plasma 8-Hydroxyguanosine and Zinc.","authors":"Mohammed H Hassan, Aya A Saadeldin, Gamal Alsagheer, Tarek Desoky, Al Shaimaa Hasan","doi":"10.1007/s12291-023-01141-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12291-023-01141-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tramadol is a pain killing drug highly used worldwide. There is a knowledge gap for fertility consequences of analgesic addiction in men. In this observational study, we investigated the hazards of tramadol abuse on human male reproductive function. A total of 30 tramadol addicts and 30 healthy controls have participated in the study. History and clinical examination of the included subjects were performed. Biochemical and molecular assays were measured in all participants include serum reproductive hormones (calculated free testosterone, FSH, LH, prolactin and estradiol) using ELISA techniques, semen analysis, seminal plasma zinc and selenium assays using colorimetric kits, seminal plasma tramadol concentrations using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and seminal plasma 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG) using high performance liquid chromatography were measured. Tramadol abuse significantly decreased semen parameters quality. Additionally, tramadol abuse significantly decreased testosterone (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and increased prolactin serum levels (<i>P</i> = 0.000). Tramadol abusers showed significantly higher levels of 8-OHG (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) with significantly lower levels of zinc and selenium in their seminal plasma compared with the controls (<i>P</i> < 0.0001, and 0.0002 respectively). Also, tramadol addicts displayed positive correlations between seminal plasma levels of 8-OHG (r = 0.905, <i>P</i> = 0.00) and sperm abnormal forms (r = 0.610, <i>P</i> = 0.000) with seminal plasma tramadol levels. Seminal plasma levels of zinc (r = - 0.815, <i>P</i> = 0.00), sperm motility (r = - 0.484, <i>P</i> = 0.007), and vitality (r = - 0.430, <i>P</i> = 0.018) were negatively correlated with seminal plasma levels of tramadol. Our data suggest that tramadol abuse may impair male fertility by increasing oxidative damage of sperms and reducing testosterone and the antioxidants trace elements in testicular tissues.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-023-01141-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88834180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2023-06-13DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01137-0
Sameeran Gam, Suman Kumar, Susankar Kushari, Rajat Subhra Dutta, Himangshu Sarma, Arpita Paul, Md Kamaruz Zaman
Oroxylum indicum, a well-known traditional medicinal plant which is used to alleviate various kinds of diseases in Asia. The study aimed to identify bioactive compounds present in O. indicum stem bark using HPTLC technique. Further, the cytotoxic effects of the plant extracts were determined against HeLa (human cervical carcinoma) cell lines. The results of the study have shown the presence of the phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins and steroids. MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay showed that the ethanol, methanol and water extracts of O. indicum exhibited cytotoxic effect in HeLa cell lines with IC50 values of 119, 89.43 and 114.1 µg/mL, respectively against standard doxorubicin with IC50 value 3.895 µg/mL. The current study suggests that the methanol extract of O. indicum may offer chemopreventive properties. However, additional research is required to isolate and characterize the specific chemical entities present in O. indicum. These studies will aid in identifying a potential lead compound that holds promise as a natural anticancer agent.
Oroxylum indicum 是一种著名的传统药用植物,在亚洲被用来缓解各种疾病。该研究旨在利用 HPTLC 技术鉴定 O. indicum 茎皮中的生物活性化合物。此外,还测定了植物提取物对 HeLa(人宫颈癌)细胞系的细胞毒性作用。研究结果表明,植物中存在黄酮类、酚类、单宁酸和类固醇等植物成分。MTT(3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基溴化四氮唑)测定显示,O. indicum 的乙醇、甲醇和水提取物对 HeLa 细胞株具有细胞毒性作用,IC50 值分别为 119、89.43 和 114.1 µg/mL,而标准多柔比星的 IC50 值为 3.895 µg/mL。目前的研究表明,O. indicum 的甲醇提取物可能具有化学预防特性。不过,还需要进行更多的研究,以分离和鉴定 O. indicum 中存在的特定化学实体。这些研究将有助于确定有望成为天然抗癌剂的潜在先导化合物。
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening, HPTLC Fingerprinting and Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Stem Bark Extracts of O<i>roxylum indicum</i> (L.) Vent. Against Human Cervical Cancer Cells.","authors":"Sameeran Gam, Suman Kumar, Susankar Kushari, Rajat Subhra Dutta, Himangshu Sarma, Arpita Paul, Md Kamaruz Zaman","doi":"10.1007/s12291-023-01137-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12291-023-01137-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Oroxylum indicum,</i> a well-known traditional medicinal plant which is used to alleviate various kinds of diseases in Asia. The study aimed to identify bioactive compounds present in <i>O. indicum</i> stem bark using HPTLC technique. Further, the cytotoxic effects of the plant extracts were determined against HeLa (human cervical carcinoma) cell lines. The results of the study have shown the presence of the phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins and steroids. MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay showed that the ethanol, methanol and water extracts of <i>O. indicum</i> exhibited cytotoxic effect in HeLa cell lines with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 119, 89.43 and 114.1 µg/mL, respectively against standard doxorubicin with IC<sub>50</sub> value 3.895 µg/mL. The current study suggests that the methanol extract of <i>O. indicum</i> may offer chemopreventive properties. However, additional research is required to isolate and characterize the specific chemical entities present in <i>O. indicum</i>. These studies will aid in identifying a potential lead compound that holds promise as a natural anticancer agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90517359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Various formulae had been derived to calculate the LDL-C from other lipid profile parameters to supplant the need for direct estimation. Martin's, Sampson's, and Cordova's formulae are recently derived formulae for calculating LDL-C. However, no study has been undertaken till now to verify the newer formulae viz. Martins's and Sampson's in Indian population. The retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee on human subject research. The lipid profile data were collected for a period of 17 months from January 2020 to May 2021. The formulae proposed by Friedewald, Cordova, Anandaraja, Martin, and Sampson were used to assess calculated LDL-C. Intraclass correlations were performed to assess the effectiveness of each formula when compared with direct estimation. In our study, we observed that LDL-C calculated using Martin was observed to be closer to that of direct estimation. The bias observed was lowest for Martin's formulae, followed by Sampson's. Intraclass correlation analysis for absolute agreement demonstrated Cordova, Martin, and Sampson to have an average ICC > 0.9, with Martin, and Sampson having a p value < 0.05. Martin fared superior to other formulae in intraclass correlation in patients with LDL > 70. In patients with TG below 200 mg/dL, Martin, and Sampson had a significant correlation with comparable average ICC. However, in patients with TG > 300 mg/dL, Cordova appears to fare better than all other formulae. Our study demonstrated a distinctly superior performance of Martin's formula over Friedewald's formula in the Indian patient population.
{"title":"Assessing Performance of Martins's and Sampson's Formulae for Calculation of LDL-C in Indian Population: A Single Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Shrimanjunath Sankanagoudar, Sojit Tomo, Andystar Syiemlieh, Prem Prakash Sharma, Mithu Banerjee, Praveen Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s12291-023-01142-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12291-023-01142-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various formulae had been derived to calculate the LDL-C from other lipid profile parameters to supplant the need for direct estimation. Martin's, Sampson's, and Cordova's formulae are recently derived formulae for calculating LDL-C. However, no study has been undertaken till now to verify the newer formulae viz. Martins's and Sampson's in Indian population. The retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee on human subject research. The lipid profile data were collected for a period of 17 months from January 2020 to May 2021. The formulae proposed by Friedewald, Cordova, Anandaraja, Martin, and Sampson were used to assess calculated LDL-C. Intraclass correlations were performed to assess the effectiveness of each formula when compared with direct estimation. In our study, we observed that LDL-C calculated using Martin was observed to be closer to that of direct estimation. The bias observed was lowest for Martin's formulae, followed by Sampson's. Intraclass correlation analysis for absolute agreement demonstrated Cordova, Martin, and Sampson to have an average ICC > 0.9, with Martin, and Sampson having a <i>p</i> value < 0.05. Martin fared superior to other formulae in intraclass correlation in patients with LDL > 70. In patients with TG below 200 mg/dL, Martin, and Sampson had a significant correlation with comparable average ICC. However, in patients with TG > 300 mg/dL, Cordova appears to fare better than all other formulae. Our study demonstrated a distinctly superior performance of Martin's formula over Friedewald's formula in the Indian patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83323507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-10DOI: 10.1007/s12291-024-01257-1
Sandhya Karra, Ramanan Sinduja, B. Gurushankari, T. Elamurugan, T. Mahalakshmy, Vikram Kate, Nivedita Nanda, N. G. Rajesh, M. Rajeswari, Ruben Raj, Gomathi Shankar
{"title":"Development of Panel of Three-Dimensional Biomarkers to Identify Gastric Carcinoma and Precancerous Lesions of the Stomach - An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Sandhya Karra, Ramanan Sinduja, B. Gurushankari, T. Elamurugan, T. Mahalakshmy, Vikram Kate, Nivedita Nanda, N. G. Rajesh, M. Rajeswari, Ruben Raj, Gomathi Shankar","doi":"10.1007/s12291-024-01257-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-024-01257-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13280,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}