Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.014
Pratiksha Pawar, Shubhanshi Kangloo, Ameya Bihani, Kunal G, Chetna B
Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma is a rare salivary gland carcinoma which shares morphologic and immunohistochemical features with the secretory carcinoma of breast and was first proposed by Skalova in 2010 with translocation of (q13; q25), t (12; 15), subsequently giving ETV6-NTRK3 gene rearrangement. Usually, it is a benign tumor that affects the parotid gland, with slight predilection for males. The present article report a case of secretory carcinoma of right parotid gland with special emphasis on histological feature and immunohistochemistry for diagnostic purpose and its management. Differential diagnosis includes AciCC, ADC-NOS and MEC. In a review by Chiosa et al (2012) in 337 cases of salivary gland malignancy included AciCC, ADC-NOS, MEC, LGCC, non-ITAC, signet ring adenocarcinoma, PLGA and most common malignancy reclassified as MASC were AciCC (11/89), ADC-NOS (14/37), MEC (1/165). Management for MASC includes surgical excision of the lesion (either superficial or total parotidectomy) for local, less aggressive disease like for low-grade malignant salivary gland neoplasms. For more invasive, metastatic disease and positive margins- neck dissection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are reserved. There is no standard multidisciplinary treatment protocol established due to scarcity of this disease.
乳腺类似分泌性癌是一种罕见的涎腺癌，与乳腺分泌性癌具有相同的形态学和免疫组织化学特征，于2010年由Skalova首次提出，易位为(q13;Q25)， t (12;15)，随后给予ETV6-NTRK3基因重排。通常，它是一种影响腮腺的良性肿瘤，男性略占优势。本文报告1例右腮腺分泌性癌，并着重讨论其组织学特征及免疫组化诊断及治疗。鉴别诊断包括AciCC、ADC-NOS和MEC。Chiosa等(2012)回顾了337例唾液腺恶性肿瘤，包括AciCC、ADC-NOS、MEC、LGCC、非itac、印环腺癌、PLGA，最常见的被重新分类为MASC的恶性肿瘤为AciCC(11/89)、ADC-NOS(14/37)、MEC(1/165)。对于低度恶性唾液腺肿瘤等侵袭性较弱的局部疾病，MASC的治疗包括手术切除病变(浅表或全腮腺切除术)。对于侵袭性、转移性疾病和阳性边缘颈夹层，保留放疗和化疗。由于这种疾病的稀缺性，没有建立标准的多学科治疗方案。
{"title":"Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) of parotid gland- A case report","authors":"Pratiksha Pawar, Shubhanshi Kangloo, Ameya Bihani, Kunal G, Chetna B","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.014","url":null,"abstract":"Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma is a rare salivary gland carcinoma which shares morphologic and immunohistochemical features with the secretory carcinoma of breast and was first proposed by Skalova in 2010 with translocation of (q13; q25), t (12; 15), subsequently giving ETV6-NTRK3 gene rearrangement. Usually, it is a benign tumor that affects the parotid gland, with slight predilection for males. The present article report a case of secretory carcinoma of right parotid gland with special emphasis on histological feature and immunohistochemistry for diagnostic purpose and its management. Differential diagnosis includes AciCC, ADC-NOS and MEC. In a review by Chiosa et al (2012) in 337 cases of salivary gland malignancy included AciCC, ADC-NOS, MEC, LGCC, non-ITAC, signet ring adenocarcinoma, PLGA and most common malignancy reclassified as MASC were AciCC (11/89), ADC-NOS (14/37), MEC (1/165). Management for MASC includes surgical excision of the lesion (either superficial or total parotidectomy) for local, less aggressive disease like for low-grade malignant salivary gland neoplasms. For more invasive, metastatic disease and positive margins- neck dissection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are reserved. There is no standard multidisciplinary treatment protocol established due to scarcity of this disease.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85236071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.011
Tshetiz Dahal, Raghav Ghimire
Major health issues in the contemporary world, thyroid illnesses are distinguished by changes in hormone output, thyroid gland hypertrophy, or both. The purpose of this study was to identify thyroid histological patterns in people who had thyroid surgery. At Kathmandu University Hospital, a retrospective study was conducted over a two-year period, from January 10, 2021, to December 30, 2022. This study includes all 300 patients who underwent thyroid surgery. gender, age, residency, the outcome of a fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), and post-operative histological patterns were all taken into account. Patients who underwent FNA exclusively were ineligible.Participants' average ages ranged from 35.06 ± 15.19 years. Thyroid disorders were more frequently found in females (90%) than in males ( 10%). Nodular colloid goitre (65.1%), adenoma (5.8%), papillary thyroid neoplasms (25.4%), follicular thyroid carcinoma (6.8%), medullary thyroid carcinoma (8.5%), thyroiditis (9.3%), and anaplastic thyroid cancer (3.9%) were the histopathologic patterns. With a prevalence of 64 (23.1%), papillary thyroid cancer was the most prevalent type. The combined accuracy of the final histology and FNAB was 90.04%. However, 50% of follicular cancer preoperative diagnoses made by FNAB were insufficiently accurate. While FNAB specificity varied from 95.1% to 98.9%, FNAB sensitivity ranged from 75.8% to 90.8%. The most common thyroid condition is nodular colloid goitre, while papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common cancer seen in this study. We suggest more research with a bigger sample size to confirm our findings.
{"title":"A cross-sectional analysis of the histopathologic structure of thyroid patients undergoing thyroid surgery","authors":"Tshetiz Dahal, Raghav Ghimire","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.011","url":null,"abstract":"Major health issues in the contemporary world, thyroid illnesses are distinguished by changes in hormone output, thyroid gland hypertrophy, or both. The purpose of this study was to identify thyroid histological patterns in people who had thyroid surgery. At Kathmandu University Hospital, a retrospective study was conducted over a two-year period, from January 10, 2021, to December 30, 2022. This study includes all 300 patients who underwent thyroid surgery. gender, age, residency, the outcome of a fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), and post-operative histological patterns were all taken into account. Patients who underwent FNA exclusively were ineligible.Participants' average ages ranged from 35.06 ± 15.19 years. Thyroid disorders were more frequently found in females (90%) than in males ( 10%). Nodular colloid goitre (65.1%), adenoma (5.8%), papillary thyroid neoplasms (25.4%), follicular thyroid carcinoma (6.8%), medullary thyroid carcinoma (8.5%), thyroiditis (9.3%), and anaplastic thyroid cancer (3.9%) were the histopathologic patterns. With a prevalence of 64 (23.1%), papillary thyroid cancer was the most prevalent type. The combined accuracy of the final histology and FNAB was 90.04%. However, 50% of follicular cancer preoperative diagnoses made by FNAB were insufficiently accurate. While FNAB specificity varied from 95.1% to 98.9%, FNAB sensitivity ranged from 75.8% to 90.8%. The most common thyroid condition is nodular colloid goitre, while papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common cancer seen in this study. We suggest more research with a bigger sample size to confirm our findings.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83241133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.013
Athira Mohan S, Anoop V Somarajan, Dhanya Dharman
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is characterized by gradual deterioration of cognitive motor and cognitive functions. SSPE more often occurs in individuals who had a history of measles viral infection. We present a case of 8 year old male child who was presented with generalized progressive weakness, recurrent falls to one side, multiple episodes of seizure, urinary incontinence. On liaison it was understood that he had a history of measles at the age of 3 years. Examination showed elevated serum measles antibody titer, electro-encephalogram (EEG) analysis revealed stereotyped polymorphic discharge seen periodically, suggestive of SSPE. He was treated with IVIG and other symptomatic treatment. However he had recurrent episodes of vomiting after IVIG administration, Ribavirin administration caused multiple oral lesions. Upon discharge he was given Syr. Valproate, Oral Steroid (Prednisolone) tapering therapy, THP 2 mg BD, PPI and Laxatives. Parents were advised to maintain RT feed of 150 mL, once in 3 hours. After 1 week, he succumbed to his illness at his residence.
{"title":"Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE): Late onset of measles complication - Case of IVIG treatment failure","authors":"Athira Mohan S, Anoop V Somarajan, Dhanya Dharman","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.013","url":null,"abstract":"Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is characterized by gradual deterioration of cognitive motor and cognitive functions. SSPE more often occurs in individuals who had a history of measles viral infection. We present a case of 8 year old male child who was presented with generalized progressive weakness, recurrent falls to one side, multiple episodes of seizure, urinary incontinence. On liaison it was understood that he had a history of measles at the age of 3 years. Examination showed elevated serum measles antibody titer, electro-encephalogram (EEG) analysis revealed stereotyped polymorphic discharge seen periodically, suggestive of SSPE. He was treated with IVIG and other symptomatic treatment. However he had recurrent episodes of vomiting after IVIG administration, Ribavirin administration caused multiple oral lesions. Upon discharge he was given Syr. Valproate, Oral Steroid (Prednisolone) tapering therapy, THP 2 mg BD, PPI and Laxatives. Parents were advised to maintain RT feed of 150 mL, once in 3 hours. After 1 week, he succumbed to his illness at his residence.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88790445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.009
Prajakta Patil, S. Mhashal, R. Harkut
It is known that high noise levels can be harmful to preterm infants, causing physiological and psychological disorders. The ambience of NICU should have sound or noise levels within safe limits for the healthy development of preterm infants. The aim of present study was to create awareness about the effect of ambient noise in NICU on infant hearing. Study was done in three local NICUs’ and four private nursing homes, obstetrics service. The study population included all babies born at the three local NICUs’ and four private nursing homes. Noise levels and questionnaire Sound level meter was used to determine the sound level. Exposure to excessive noise in NICU may result in high frequency hearing loss in association with other risk factors (co morbid conditions) and drugs (rampant use of not needed Neosporin powder) may result in cochlear damage. Paediatrician is encouraged to monitor sound in the NICU as proposed by US (EPA) noise level of more than 45db is of concern.
{"title":"Effect of ambient noise in NICU on infant hearing","authors":"Prajakta Patil, S. Mhashal, R. Harkut","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.009","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that high noise levels can be harmful to preterm infants, causing physiological and psychological disorders. The ambience of NICU should have sound or noise levels within safe limits for the healthy development of preterm infants. The aim of present study was to create awareness about the effect of ambient noise in NICU on infant hearing. Study was done in three local NICUs’ and four private nursing homes, obstetrics service. The study population included all babies born at the three local NICUs’ and four private nursing homes. Noise levels and questionnaire Sound level meter was used to determine the sound level. Exposure to excessive noise in NICU may result in high frequency hearing loss in association with other risk factors (co morbid conditions) and drugs (rampant use of not needed Neosporin powder) may result in cochlear damage. Paediatrician is encouraged to monitor sound in the NICU as proposed by US (EPA) noise level of more than 45db is of concern.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83991802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-20DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.001
Sameeksha Mishra, D. Bhojani, S. Vaidya
Background: This is a case study of 70 cases admitted in our hospital post covid-19 infection with different complaints and signs and symptoms indicating Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM). Materials and Methods: All the cases were again screened for COVID infections and comorbidities like Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension or any other immunocompromised state. The level of involvement like nasal cavity, septum, turbinates, sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa, palate, orbit or any cerebral involvement was noted and the protocol of medical and surgical management was decided in accordance to that. Post surgery KOH mount and HPE report, CT and MRI findings were the major pillars in this regard. Results: In 100% of cases we did middle meatus antrostomy with partial middle turbinectomy and in 57% cases we did medial maxillectomy with Modified Denker’s.Rest middle meatus mega antrostomy with ethmoidectomy with partial middle turbinectomy & full house FESS was done in 21% of cases. Conclusion: The first step in the management of mucormycosis is to have a high index of clinical suspicion especially in those with COVID- 19 who have diabetes mellitus, and who have received systemic corticosteroids while on treatment.
{"title":"Presentation of mucormycosis in post Covid-19 infected patients and an approach to its management in a tertiary care centre of central India","authors":"Sameeksha Mishra, D. Bhojani, S. Vaidya","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This is a case study of 70 cases admitted in our hospital post covid-19 infection with different complaints and signs and symptoms indicating Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM). Materials and Methods: All the cases were again screened for COVID infections and comorbidities like Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension or any other immunocompromised state. The level of involvement like nasal cavity, septum, turbinates, sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa, palate, orbit or any cerebral involvement was noted and the protocol of medical and surgical management was decided in accordance to that. Post surgery KOH mount and HPE report, CT and MRI findings were the major pillars in this regard. Results: In 100% of cases we did middle meatus antrostomy with partial middle turbinectomy and in 57% cases we did medial maxillectomy with Modified Denker’s.Rest middle meatus mega antrostomy with ethmoidectomy with partial middle turbinectomy & full house FESS was done in 21% of cases. Conclusion: The first step in the management of mucormycosis is to have a high index of clinical suspicion especially in those with COVID- 19 who have diabetes mellitus, and who have received systemic corticosteroids while on treatment.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79781981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.007
Divya KP, A. Cherian, Aswin R M
Clobazam, one of the newer benzodiazepines, is now used extensively as first add on therapy in focal epilepsy.A 67-year-old diabetic and hypertensive gentleman with a history of frontal contusion one year ago, presented with clustering of seizures. He was started on clobazam 20 mg, and levetiracetam 1000 mg/day. Recurrence of seizures prompted a dose escalation of clobazam to 40 mg/day. The patient developed hepatic encephalopathy and his decompensation was probably precipitated by the use of high dose of clobazam. Clobazam was thus gradually tapered off along with hepatic precoma regimen, and other supportive measures leading to an uneventful recovery.Caution must be taken while administering clobazam to elderly and debilitated patients or those with organic brain syndrome as they are more prone to the central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity of benzodiazepines. Since clobazam requires dealkylation and hydroxylation prior to conjugation, it should be used with caution in patients with hepatic involvement.
{"title":"Caution in usage of clobazam in elderly patients","authors":"Divya KP, A. Cherian, Aswin R M","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.007","url":null,"abstract":"Clobazam, one of the newer benzodiazepines, is now used extensively as first add on therapy in focal epilepsy.A 67-year-old diabetic and hypertensive gentleman with a history of frontal contusion one year ago, presented with clustering of seizures. He was started on clobazam 20 mg, and levetiracetam 1000 mg/day. Recurrence of seizures prompted a dose escalation of clobazam to 40 mg/day. The patient developed hepatic encephalopathy and his decompensation was probably precipitated by the use of high dose of clobazam. Clobazam was thus gradually tapered off along with hepatic precoma regimen, and other supportive measures leading to an uneventful recovery.Caution must be taken while administering clobazam to elderly and debilitated patients or those with organic brain syndrome as they are more prone to the central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity of benzodiazepines. Since clobazam requires dealkylation and hydroxylation prior to conjugation, it should be used with caution in patients with hepatic involvement.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79362934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.005
Mohini M. Joshi, S. V. Pakhale
: A common and deadly cause of sudden abdominal discomfort is acute appendicitis. The surgeons frequently had trouble locating the vermiform appendix in its regular location. For an effective therapy, a thorough analysis of the vermiform appendix's various locations is required. The objective of this study is to investigate and compile extensive anatomical data on the location variation of the vermiform appendix in the cadavers of western Indians. The structure's morphometry was determined. The study of appendix was carried out on 25 cadavers available in the department of anatomy. Metrical parameters such as length, diameter and distance of appendicular orifice from ileum were measured. The different positions of appendix in and the variations of the mesoappendix were noted. Mean and standred deviations were calculated.: Length of appendix was 5.47± 1.59, diameter at base was 6.85±1.82, diameter at tip was 3.94± 1.11, distance of appendicular orifice below ileum was 1.14±0.85 and Distance of appendicular orifice below ileum inside was 2.19 ±0.78 The most common position of mesoappendix was mesoappendix reaches the tip 37 (74%) followed by mesoappendix does not reaching the tip was 13 (26%).The most common position was retrocaecal 20(40%) followed by pelvic 15 (30%) least common was midinguinal. From various positions of vermiform appendix we can understand the possible outcome of the appendicitis specifically location of site of pain.
{"title":"Morphological variations of vermiform appendix: A cadaveric study","authors":"Mohini M. Joshi, S. V. Pakhale","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.005","url":null,"abstract":": A common and deadly cause of sudden abdominal discomfort is acute appendicitis. The surgeons frequently had trouble locating the vermiform appendix in its regular location. For an effective therapy, a thorough analysis of the vermiform appendix's various locations is required. The objective of this study is to investigate and compile extensive anatomical data on the location variation of the vermiform appendix in the cadavers of western Indians. The structure's morphometry was determined. The study of appendix was carried out on 25 cadavers available in the department of anatomy. Metrical parameters such as length, diameter and distance of appendicular orifice from ileum were measured. The different positions of appendix in and the variations of the mesoappendix were noted. Mean and standred deviations were calculated.: Length of appendix was 5.47± 1.59, diameter at base was 6.85±1.82, diameter at tip was 3.94± 1.11, distance of appendicular orifice below ileum was 1.14±0.85 and Distance of appendicular orifice below ileum inside was 2.19 ±0.78 The most common position of mesoappendix was mesoappendix reaches the tip 37 (74%) followed by mesoappendix does not reaching the tip was 13 (26%).The most common position was retrocaecal 20(40%) followed by pelvic 15 (30%) least common was midinguinal. From various positions of vermiform appendix we can understand the possible outcome of the appendicitis specifically location of site of pain.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81991545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.006
A. Nene, Jenifer Rodriguez Santoni
The administration of intranasal insulin improves symptoms related to Alzheimer’s disease. The research was conducted through a hypothesis-based review, such as, PubMed, DynaMed, and EBSCOhost. The articles published between 2011 and 2020 were included. The studies included randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. The study populations included participants associated with cognitive-related conditions. The group of humans and animal models were also considered. All ten articles showed how the administration of intranasal insulin can improve the symptoms related to Alzheimer’s disease. However, these findings varied on the level of dose used, the duration of the treatment and the type of insulin formulations used. Future studies can consider to provide a more homogenous group of study population, cognitive-related activities to observe, and duration of the administration in order to provide a more credible result.
{"title":"Intranasal insulin therapy in the treatment of alzheimer’s disease – A narrative review","authors":"A. Nene, Jenifer Rodriguez Santoni","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.006","url":null,"abstract":"The administration of intranasal insulin improves symptoms related to Alzheimer’s disease. The research was conducted through a hypothesis-based review, such as, PubMed, DynaMed, and EBSCOhost. The articles published between 2011 and 2020 were included. The studies included randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. The study populations included participants associated with cognitive-related conditions. The group of humans and animal models were also considered. All ten articles showed how the administration of intranasal insulin can improve the symptoms related to Alzheimer’s disease. However, these findings varied on the level of dose used, the duration of the treatment and the type of insulin formulations used. Future studies can consider to provide a more homogenous group of study population, cognitive-related activities to observe, and duration of the administration in order to provide a more credible result.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72918088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.002
S. V. Durge
Sacrum is made up of fusion of 5 sacral vertebrae, which gives strength to the human body and transmits the weight to pelvic girdle which is made up of three bones ilium, ischium and pubis. Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae are congenital anamolies seen in some individuals in such individuals sacralization of 5 lumber vertebrae is seen and in such individuals low back pain is seen throughout there life.
{"title":"Study on sacralization of 5 lumber vertebrae on human cadavers in the region of Telengana","authors":"S. V. Durge","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"Sacrum is made up of fusion of 5 sacral vertebrae, which gives strength to the human body and transmits the weight to pelvic girdle which is made up of three bones ilium, ischium and pubis. Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae are congenital anamolies seen in some individuals in such individuals sacralization of 5 lumber vertebrae is seen and in such individuals low back pain is seen throughout there life.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78072831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.003
S. Jonnalagadda, A. Jaiswal, N. Sharma, Prachi Mene
To study the effects of combination therapy with oral prednisolone and topical fluticasone propionate nasal spray in patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis (CRSwNP). To study the improvement in symptom scores, Endoscopic and CT scores before and after treatment with combination therapy.This prospective observational study was conducted on 50 patients attending the Outpatient Department of Otorhinolaryngology, J.L.N Hospital and Research Centre, Bhilai (Chhattisgarh), India over a period of 6 months from February 2020 to July 2020. Patients with symptoms of CRSwNP persisting for more than 12 weeks were thoroughly examined clinically along with Nasal endoscopy and Computed Tomography scan of Nose and Paranasal sinuses (CT PNS) and pre-treatment Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Lund & Mackay Scores for Endoscopic and CT findings were noted. Patients were treated with combination therapy of oral prednisolone and fluticasone propionate nasal spray and post treatment scores were noted using similar scales during the follow up visits and the results were statistically analysed.Total mean age of patients suffering from CRSwNP in our study was 47.3 ± 12.58. Males were affected more by CRSwNP than females (76% vs 24%). At the end of 3 months from baseline 48 patients (96%) showed a reduction in nasal discharge, 47 patients (94%) showed a reduction in nasal obstruction, 25 patients (50%) showed improvement in facial pain and 17 patients (34%) showed improvement in hyposmia. Overall post treatment Visual Analog Symptom (VAS) score improved in 42 patients (84%), Nasal endoscopy (Lund - Mackay scoring) improved in 43 patients (86%) and Radiological CT PNS & Nose (Lund - Mackay Scoring) improved in 33 patients (66%).We found that combined therapy with oral prednisolone and fluticasone propionate nasal spray for 3 weeks is very effective in reducing the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis along with decrease in nasal secretions, edema and polyp size.
{"title":"Effects of oral prednisolone and fluticasone nasal spray in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis: A prospective observational study","authors":"S. Jonnalagadda, A. Jaiswal, N. Sharma, Prachi Mene","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"To study the effects of combination therapy with oral prednisolone and topical fluticasone propionate nasal spray in patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis (CRSwNP). To study the improvement in symptom scores, Endoscopic and CT scores before and after treatment with combination therapy.This prospective observational study was conducted on 50 patients attending the Outpatient Department of Otorhinolaryngology, J.L.N Hospital and Research Centre, Bhilai (Chhattisgarh), India over a period of 6 months from February 2020 to July 2020. Patients with symptoms of CRSwNP persisting for more than 12 weeks were thoroughly examined clinically along with Nasal endoscopy and Computed Tomography scan of Nose and Paranasal sinuses (CT PNS) and pre-treatment Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Lund & Mackay Scores for Endoscopic and CT findings were noted. Patients were treated with combination therapy of oral prednisolone and fluticasone propionate nasal spray and post treatment scores were noted using similar scales during the follow up visits and the results were statistically analysed.Total mean age of patients suffering from CRSwNP in our study was 47.3 ± 12.58. Males were affected more by CRSwNP than females (76% vs 24%). At the end of 3 months from baseline 48 patients (96%) showed a reduction in nasal discharge, 47 patients (94%) showed a reduction in nasal obstruction, 25 patients (50%) showed improvement in facial pain and 17 patients (34%) showed improvement in hyposmia. Overall post treatment Visual Analog Symptom (VAS) score improved in 42 patients (84%), Nasal endoscopy (Lund - Mackay scoring) improved in 43 patients (86%) and Radiological CT PNS & Nose (Lund - Mackay Scoring) improved in 33 patients (66%).We found that combined therapy with oral prednisolone and fluticasone propionate nasal spray for 3 weeks is very effective in reducing the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis along with decrease in nasal secretions, edema and polyp size.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82711828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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