Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472656
Keiichiro Yoshida;Ryo Senga
Incineration of carbon particles by nonthermal plasma using surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) units were conducted, and their performances were compared with and without floating electrode. The floating electrodes were attached a few millimeters from the discharge electrode edges to create a potential gradient along the dielectric surface to extend the plasma region. Carbon black was used as a model for the soot collected from diesel exhaust gas. The distributions of carbon particles on the SDBD unit were analyzed by processing the images obtained with a photo scanner. The results show that the reduction of carbon particles was enhanced by the floating electrode for all the cases of carbon loadings (0.11–0.45 mg per the SDBD unit) with no increase in power consumption. The maximum increase in the reduction ratio was approximately 43% with 0.11 mg carbon loading. These results contribute to the development of PM (particulate matters) aftertreatment devices for diesel engines using electrostatic and nonthermal plasma.
{"title":"Decomposition of Carbon Particles on a Glass Surface by Plasma Generated Using Discharge Electrodes Combined With Floating Electrodes","authors":"Keiichiro Yoshida;Ryo Senga","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472656","url":null,"abstract":"Incineration of carbon particles by nonthermal plasma using surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) units were conducted, and their performances were compared with and without floating electrode. The floating electrodes were attached a few millimeters from the discharge electrode edges to create a potential gradient along the dielectric surface to extend the plasma region. Carbon black was used as a model for the soot collected from diesel exhaust gas. The distributions of carbon particles on the SDBD unit were analyzed by processing the images obtained with a photo scanner. The results show that the reduction of carbon particles was enhanced by the floating electrode for all the cases of carbon loadings (0.11–0.45 mg per the SDBD unit) with no increase in power consumption. The maximum increase in the reduction ratio was approximately 43% with 0.11 mg carbon loading. These results contribute to the development of PM (particulate matters) aftertreatment devices for diesel engines using electrostatic and nonthermal plasma.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"1212-1219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143106807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472637
Shiqi Li;Wenming Tong;Shengnan Wu;Renyuan Tang
This paper proposes a general analytical model based on the equivalent centroid method to calculate the maximum mechanical stress (MMS) on the rotor of V- and flat-shape high-speed interior permanent magnet (HSIPM) motors with modified rotor. Firstly, the structure of modified rotor, which is used to reduce the core loss at high speed, is given and the analytical model for the calculation of reference stress of rotor core with or without central bridge is established correspondingly. Then, an accurate function of stress concentration factor, which can consider the effects of rotor size, number of poles and polar-arc to pole-pitch ratio, is further developed to improve the accuracy of MMS for central bridge. A static core tensile test method is proposed, which can avoid the danger caused by high-speed rotation and indirectly verify the accuracy of the proposed model and finite element analysis (FEA) results. Finally, the influence of temperature changes on the mechanical properties of core is also studied, which provides a theoretical basis for the temperature-stress field coupling analysis of HSIPM motors. Compared with FEA, the proposed model can consume less time with the acceptable accuracy, which brings convenience to initial design and optimization of HSIPM motors.
{"title":"General Analytical Model and Experimental Verification for Mechanical Stress of High-Speed Interior Permanent Magnet Motors Considering Modified Rotor","authors":"Shiqi Li;Wenming Tong;Shengnan Wu;Renyuan Tang","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472637","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a general analytical model based on the equivalent centroid method to calculate the maximum mechanical stress (MMS) on the rotor of V- and flat-shape high-speed interior permanent magnet (HSIPM) motors with modified rotor. Firstly, the structure of modified rotor, which is used to reduce the core loss at high speed, is given and the analytical model for the calculation of reference stress of rotor core with or without central bridge is established correspondingly. Then, an accurate function of stress concentration factor, which can consider the effects of rotor size, number of poles and polar-arc to pole-pitch ratio, is further developed to improve the accuracy of MMS for central bridge. A static core tensile test method is proposed, which can avoid the danger caused by high-speed rotation and indirectly verify the accuracy of the proposed model and finite element analysis (FEA) results. Finally, the influence of temperature changes on the mechanical properties of core is also studied, which provides a theoretical basis for the temperature-stress field coupling analysis of HSIPM motors. Compared with FEA, the proposed model can consume less time with the acceptable accuracy, which brings convenience to initial design and optimization of HSIPM motors.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143106303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472636
Xuhui Zhu;Meiling Zhao;Libing Cao;Huanzhi Wang;Chenhao Zhao;Christopher H. T. Lee
Permanent-magnet vernier (PMV) motor is well-known for its distinctive performances of high torque at low speeds, making it suitable for direct drive application. However, the rich harmonics lead to the high loss and low efficiency of motor system. To suppress the harmonic loss, a stator modular design concept is proposed for fractional slot concentrated winding PMV motor. First, the precondition that the motor meets the stator modular design is derived, and according to this, a variety of options for modular design are expounded, including uniform or hybrid modular designs and tooth or yoke modular designs. Then, the harmonic distributions of PM field, armature reaction field, and harmonic loss of PMV motor with fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) are discussed. Based on analytical analysis and finite element analysis, the inhibitory effect of modular design method on the amplitude of the harmonic with low pole pair number in the motor armature reaction field is verified. Through comparison, it is found that the proposed stator modular design method can suppress motor losses without reducing output performance. Finally, a PMV motor with modular stator is processed and tested to verify the analysis.
{"title":"Harmonic Loss Reduction of Fractional Slot Concentrated Winding Permanent-Magnet Vernier Motor With Different Stator-Modular Designs","authors":"Xuhui Zhu;Meiling Zhao;Libing Cao;Huanzhi Wang;Chenhao Zhao;Christopher H. T. Lee","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472636","url":null,"abstract":"Permanent-magnet vernier (PMV) motor is well-known for its distinctive performances of high torque at low speeds, making it suitable for direct drive application. However, the rich harmonics lead to the high loss and low efficiency of motor system. To suppress the harmonic loss, a stator modular design concept is proposed for fractional slot concentrated winding PMV motor. First, the precondition that the motor meets the stator modular design is derived, and according to this, a variety of options for modular design are expounded, including uniform or hybrid modular designs and tooth or yoke modular designs. Then, the harmonic distributions of PM field, armature reaction field, and harmonic loss of PMV motor with fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) are discussed. Based on analytical analysis and finite element analysis, the inhibitory effect of modular design method on the amplitude of the harmonic with low pole pair number in the motor armature reaction field is verified. Through comparison, it is found that the proposed stator modular design method can suppress motor losses without reducing output performance. Finally, a PMV motor with modular stator is processed and tested to verify the analysis.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"56-66"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143106304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472641
P. T. Nandh Kishore;Sumit Kumar Pramanick;Soumya Shubhra Nag
The low Short Circuit Withstand Time (SCWT) offered by GaN HEMTs imposes challenges on their reliability, especially in medium to high power applications such as electric vehicle chargers. This article models the short circuit fault transient in a GaN HEMT half-bridge configuration including parasitic elements, based on the state-variables in the circuit and the datasheet parameters. Faults at higher bus voltages result in increased instantaneous power loss, which in turn lead to higher junction temperatures. This results in reduced SCWT for the device. The model is further used to estimate the fault clearing time for different dc bus voltages. A scheme for ultrafast over-current protection of GaN HEMTs is presented. The protection scheme employs a non-intrusive PCB-embedded Rogowski Coil (PCB-RC) based current sensing technique for sensing the device current. Experimental results with the dc bus voltage set to 400 V, demonstrating the protection of the device subjected to a hard switched fault (HSF) are presented. The protection response time is reported to be 38 ns, which is less than the estimated fault clearing time.
GaN HEMT 的短路耐受时间（SCWT）较低，这对其可靠性提出了挑战，尤其是在电动汽车充电器等中高功率应用中。本文根据电路中的状态变量和数据表参数，对包括寄生元件在内的 GaN HEMT 半桥配置中的短路故障瞬态进行建模。较高总线电压下的故障会导致瞬时功率损耗增加，进而导致结温升高。这导致器件的 SCWT 降低。该模型还可用于估算不同直流母线电压下的故障清除时间。介绍了 GaN HEMT 超快过流保护方案。该保护方案采用基于非侵入式 PCB-embedded Rogowski Coil (PCB-RC) 的电流感应技术来感应器件电流。实验结果表明，直流母线电压设置为 400 V 时，在发生硬开关故障 (HSF) 时可对器件进行保护。据报告，保护响应时间为 38 ns，小于估计的故障清除时间。
{"title":"Analytical Modeling of Fault Transient in a GaN HEMT Half Bridge and Its Overcurrent Protection With PCB Embedded Rogowski Coils","authors":"P. T. Nandh Kishore;Sumit Kumar Pramanick;Soumya Shubhra Nag","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472641","url":null,"abstract":"The low Short Circuit Withstand Time (SCWT) offered by GaN HEMTs imposes challenges on their reliability, especially in medium to high power applications such as electric vehicle chargers. This article models the short circuit fault transient in a GaN HEMT half-bridge configuration including parasitic elements, based on the state-variables in the circuit and the datasheet parameters. Faults at higher bus voltages result in increased instantaneous power loss, which in turn lead to higher junction temperatures. This results in reduced SCWT for the device. The model is further used to estimate the fault clearing time for different dc bus voltages. A scheme for ultrafast over-current protection of GaN HEMTs is presented. The protection scheme employs a non-intrusive PCB-embedded Rogowski Coil (PCB-RC) based current sensing technique for sensing the device current. Experimental results with the dc bus voltage set to 400 V, demonstrating the protection of the device subjected to a hard switched fault (HSF) are presented. The protection response time is reported to be 38 ns, which is less than the estimated fault clearing time.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"549-559"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472646
Yifu Li;Shiyuan Wang;Amir H. Etemadi;Payman Dehghanian
With the ongoing integration of new generation resources and evolving load profiles in modern power systems, the presence of harmonic pollution in the electric power network is continuously on the rise. This level of waveform distortion in the electric power system, and its impact on the operation of energy delivery infrastructure, can no longer be neglected in high-voltage power systems. In this paper and beyond the state-of-the-art, an adaptive frequency-domain-based harmonic power flow (HPF) analytic is proposed for power systems with voltage source converter (VSC)-based high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines. The proposed algorithm uses a two-layer loop to estimate the initial modulation variables of the VSC. It updates the initial variable by calculating the first-order harmonic, ensuring that the adaptive effect of the HPF solution remains consistent regardless of any changes in the firing angle. The hybrid nonlinear model is applicable to both fundamental and harmonic power flow analyses at the point of common coupling, and also under the geomagnetic disturbance (GMD) events. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HPF algorithm in hybrid AC/DC transmission systems, a modified pulse width modulation (PWM)-controlled bi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission system based on the IEEE 30-bus test system is used as a testbed. Simulation results and numerical analyses verify the effective performance of the proposed solution as compared to the conventional practices.
{"title":"Adaptive Harmonic Power Flow Algorithm for Hybrid AC/DC Transmission Systems Under Geomagnetic Disturbance Threats","authors":"Yifu Li;Shiyuan Wang;Amir H. Etemadi;Payman Dehghanian","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472646","url":null,"abstract":"With the ongoing integration of new generation resources and evolving load profiles in modern power systems, the presence of harmonic pollution in the electric power network is continuously on the rise. This level of waveform distortion in the electric power system, and its impact on the operation of energy delivery infrastructure, can no longer be neglected in high-voltage power systems. In this paper and beyond the state-of-the-art, an adaptive frequency-domain-based harmonic power flow (HPF) analytic is proposed for power systems with voltage source converter (VSC)-based high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines. The proposed algorithm uses a two-layer loop to estimate the initial modulation variables of the VSC. It updates the initial variable by calculating the first-order harmonic, ensuring that the adaptive effect of the HPF solution remains consistent regardless of any changes in the firing angle. The hybrid nonlinear model is applicable to both fundamental and harmonic power flow analyses at the point of common coupling, and also under the geomagnetic disturbance (GMD) events. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HPF algorithm in hybrid AC/DC transmission systems, a modified pulse width modulation (PWM)-controlled bi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission system based on the IEEE 30-bus test system is used as a testbed. Simulation results and numerical analyses verify the effective performance of the proposed solution as compared to the conventional practices.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"1006-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143106830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
State-of-charge (SoC) estimation and cell balancing are typically considered as two separate problems in the supercapacitor management systems. However, the SoC estimation accuracy decreases significantly when the cell balancing circuit is activated, which will further degrade the cell balancing performance. In this paper, we propose a switched systems approach to address this issue by integrating the two problems together in a unified switched systems framework. The proposed method consists of two stages: balancing-aware SoC estimation and observer-driven cell balancing. In the first stage, we propose a switching sliding mode observer to estimate the SoC of supercapacitor balancing systems, where two observers are designed for supercapacitors with cell balancing activated or deactivated. In the second stage, a cooperative SoC balancing method is proposed to synchronize the SoC of supercapacitors, which can effectively improve the energy efficiency during the charging process. An experimental platform is established, and the SoC estimation performance and SoC balancing performance are verified with experiment results. Experiment results indicate that the switching sliding mode observer improves the SoC accuracy by 4.96% than its non-switching counterpart and the cooperative balancing method improves the energy efficiency by 8.7% compared with the decentralized balancing method.
{"title":"Cooperative State-of-Charge Balancing of Supercapacitors: A Switched Systems Approach","authors":"Fei Li;Taozhen Chang;Heng Li;Peinan He;Wei He;Zhiwu Huang","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472642","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-charge (SoC) estimation and cell balancing are typically considered as two separate problems in the supercapacitor management systems. However, the SoC estimation accuracy decreases significantly when the cell balancing circuit is activated, which will further degrade the cell balancing performance. In this paper, we propose a switched systems approach to address this issue by integrating the two problems together in a unified switched systems framework. The proposed method consists of two stages: balancing-aware SoC estimation and observer-driven cell balancing. In the first stage, we propose a switching sliding mode observer to estimate the SoC of supercapacitor balancing systems, where two observers are designed for supercapacitors with cell balancing activated or deactivated. In the second stage, a cooperative SoC balancing method is proposed to synchronize the SoC of supercapacitors, which can effectively improve the energy efficiency during the charging process. An experimental platform is established, and the SoC estimation performance and SoC balancing performance are verified with experiment results. Experiment results indicate that the switching sliding mode observer improves the SoC accuracy by 4.96% than its non-switching counterpart and the cooperative balancing method improves the energy efficiency by 8.7% compared with the decentralized balancing method.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"1019-1030"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143106876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472634
Sina Vahid;Salar Koushan;Towhid Chowdhury;Ayman M. EL-Refaie
This paper presents a comprehensive study on thermal management system and behavior of additively manufactured coils through heat pipe based liquid cooling thermal management system, for a 250 kW and 5,000 rpm surface permanent magnet machine. Heat pipes and liquid cooling test setups are described and discussed. The thermal discussion is concluded by experimental results showing the effectiveness of the thermal management system proposed in this paper. Single and dual condenser liquid cooled configurations are tested under current levels ranging from 80 Arms to 140 Arms and up to 800 Hz. Comparison between these cooling systems shows the effectiveness of both configurations for AlSi10Mg additively manufactured coils. For the proposed system, the heat load does not exceed the capabilities of either of the cooling methods and therefore the performances are similar. FEA is performed using ANSYS Maxwell to model the losses at various frequencies and current levels. The FEA results match the experimental findings with a maximum error of 5.9%. Finally, the FEA results are used to predict experimental losses for the coils at the rated conditions of 1250 Hz and 268 Arms which are beyond the experimental setup limits.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Characterization of Hollow Conductor Additively Manufactured Coils and Thermal Management System for a 250 kW SPM Machine","authors":"Sina Vahid;Salar Koushan;Towhid Chowdhury;Ayman M. EL-Refaie","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472634","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comprehensive study on thermal management system and behavior of additively manufactured coils through heat pipe based liquid cooling thermal management system, for a 250 kW and 5,000 rpm surface permanent magnet machine. Heat pipes and liquid cooling test setups are described and discussed. The thermal discussion is concluded by experimental results showing the effectiveness of the thermal management system proposed in this paper. Single and dual condenser liquid cooled configurations are tested under current levels ranging from 80 Arms to 140 Arms and up to 800 Hz. Comparison between these cooling systems shows the effectiveness of both configurations for AlSi10Mg additively manufactured coils. For the proposed system, the heat load does not exceed the capabilities of either of the cooling methods and therefore the performances are similar. FEA is performed using ANSYS Maxwell to model the losses at various frequencies and current levels. The FEA results match the experimental findings with a maximum error of 5.9%. Finally, the FEA results are used to predict experimental losses for the coils at the rated conditions of 1250 Hz and 268 A<sub>rms</sub> which are beyond the experimental setup limits.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"115-125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143106281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472658
Jun Di;Huiying Chen;Huang Chen;John E. Fletcher;Lin Meng
This paper proposes an optimisation theory to enhance the transient performance of the line-start permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (line-start PMLSM). Constraints are constructed first by addressing the design of the line-start PMLSM. Then a multi-objective description is established to unify the transient responses, including the damping response and the time response, in the line-start process and the transient optimisation strategy is established via particle swarm optimisation (PSO). With different combinations of weighting functions in the multi-objective expression, optimisation cases are analysed and the optimised design of the line-start PMLSM prototype are experimentally tested. The proposed theory is proved to be a feasible and efficient design method of the line-start PMLSM. Three optimal principles of the line-start mover topology are addressed, in which the damping response is addressed to have more impact on the optimal design of the line-start PMLSM compared to the time response. Meanwhile, a larger number of conductive rungs are proved to enhance the performance during the online starting phase. Trends of the combination between permanent magnets and conductive materials are also derived to optimise the damping response and the time results. These optimal principles can be another contribution for the industrial PMLSMs requiring online-starting capability.
{"title":"Design of Line-Start Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors With Transient Optimisation","authors":"Jun Di;Huiying Chen;Huang Chen;John E. Fletcher;Lin Meng","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472658","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an optimisation theory to enhance the transient performance of the line-start permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (line-start PMLSM). Constraints are constructed first by addressing the design of the line-start PMLSM. Then a multi-objective description is established to unify the transient responses, including the damping response and the time response, in the line-start process and the transient optimisation strategy is established via particle swarm optimisation (PSO). With different combinations of weighting functions in the multi-objective expression, optimisation cases are analysed and the optimised design of the line-start PMLSM prototype are experimentally tested. The proposed theory is proved to be a feasible and efficient design method of the line-start PMLSM. Three optimal principles of the line-start mover topology are addressed, in which the damping response is addressed to have more impact on the optimal design of the line-start PMLSM compared to the time response. Meanwhile, a larger number of conductive rungs are proved to enhance the performance during the online starting phase. Trends of the combination between permanent magnets and conductive materials are also derived to optimise the damping response and the time results. These optimal principles can be another contribution for the industrial PMLSMs requiring online-starting capability.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"77-88"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143106302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472652
Zhihao Ma;Dan Sun;Heng Nian
With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, the inertia of grid is gradually decreasing, and transient support capability is seriously insufficient. To improve the inertia and transient support capability of microgrid, a hybrid power supply system composed of an open-winding wound field synchronous generator (OW-WFSG) and an energy storage system (ESS) is proposed. By analyzing the power flow of the system, a synchronous control strategy based on rotor position tracking is proposed to realize the decoupling and control of power. Meanwhile, the analysis of active power support mechanism shows that the ESS with the proposed control strategy has the characteristics of synchronous generator, which achieves further improvement of the grid inertia and frequency support capability. Moreover, to improve the voltage support capability under power grid voltage fault, a winding closure and overexcitation control is proposed, which not only utilizes the high overload capability of OW-WFSG, but also avoids overcurrent damage to the converter. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
{"title":"A Power Control Strategy and Supporting Capability Analysis for a Hybrid Power Supply System Composed of Open-Winding WFSG and ESS","authors":"Zhihao Ma;Dan Sun;Heng Nian","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2024.3472652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2024.3472652","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, the inertia of grid is gradually decreasing, and transient support capability is seriously insufficient. To improve the inertia and transient support capability of microgrid, a hybrid power supply system composed of an open-winding wound field synchronous generator (OW-WFSG) and an energy storage system (ESS) is proposed. By analyzing the power flow of the system, a synchronous control strategy based on rotor position tracking is proposed to realize the decoupling and control of power. Meanwhile, the analysis of active power support mechanism shows that the ESS with the proposed control strategy has the characteristics of synchronous generator, which achieves further improvement of the grid inertia and frequency support capability. Moreover, to improve the voltage support capability under power grid voltage fault, a winding closure and overexcitation control is proposed, which not only utilizes the high overload capability of OW-WFSG, but also avoids overcurrent damage to the converter. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"1043-1054"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143106873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3472639
J. Marcos Alonso;Guirguis Z. Abdelmessih;Marco A. Dalla Costa;Yueshi Guan;Yijie Wang
This paper investigates the use of switched capacitor converters to implement DC-supplied LED drivers with PWM dimming functionality. A voltage doubler switched capacitor converter is selected as an example of LED driver implementation. The converter is analyzed, and the main characteristics and equivalent circuits are obtained. The current waveform of the switched capacitor is calculated considering the stray inductance of the converter. The implementation of PWM dimming in this type of LED driver is also investigated. A 44-W laboratory prototype operating at 100 kHz switching frequency and 25 kHz dimming frequency has been developed to verify the theoretical analysis and evaluate the operation of the LED driver.
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