The aim of this study is to point out of similarities, differences, contrasts or generation (as fig. 1 or 2) of the direct object between Albanian and English language by comparing different (function) parts of speech. The direct object in both of languages is the receiver (object) of the action within a sentence. It is typically the noun, all possessive pronouns (in the function of nouns), noun phrase that follows the verb, although the indirect object and subject complements can also occupy this position. The direct and indirect object have some characteristics in common, and this fact justifies their sharing term of object. As the subject, the object is normally a noun phrase or generally a nominal clause e.g. I feel to speak Albanian (DO), and my friend feels to speak English (DO). Shakespeare wrote Hamlet (DO). He wrote it (DO). The Senate has discussed this issue (DO). Lufta e jone clirimtare e nxori popullin (DO) ne krye dhe ketu e vetem ketu qendron arsyeja e fitores. Our war of liberation saw our people (DO) through, and it is this and this alone that accounts for the victory. In both languages the direct object usually follows the verb and can be found by the question words / ke “cilin, cfare c’” – who, whom or what/ received the action of the verb.
本研究的目的是通过比较不同的(功能)词性来指出阿尔巴尼亚语和英语之间直接宾语的相似之处、差异、对比或产生(如图1或2)。两种语言中的直接宾语都是句子中动作的接受者(宾语)。它通常是名词、所有格代词(在名词的作用下)、名词短语跟在动词后面，尽管间接宾语和主语补语也可以占据这个位置。直接客体和间接客体具有某些共同的特征，这一事实证明它们是共同的客体。作为主语，宾语通常是名词短语或名词性从句，例如:I feel to speak albania (DO)， and my friend feels to speak English (DO)。莎士比亚写了《哈姆雷特》。他写了(DO)。参议院已经讨论了这个问题(DO)。Lufta加入了一项名为“DO”的研究，该研究表明，该研究的主要目的是为了提高人们的生活质量。我们的解放战争使我们的人民(DO)度过了难关，正是这一点，也只有这一点，才是胜利的原因。在这两种语言中，直接宾语通常跟在动词后面，可以通过疑问词“cilin, cfare c”来找到——谁，谁或什么/接受了动词的动作。
{"title":"The Contrast of Direct Object Between Albanian and English Language","authors":"Shkelqim Millaku","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3583107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3583107","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to point out of similarities, differences, contrasts or generation (as fig. 1 or 2) of the direct object between Albanian and English language by comparing different (function) parts of speech. The direct object in both of languages is the receiver (object) of the action within a sentence. It is typically the noun, all possessive pronouns (in the function of nouns), noun phrase that follows the verb, although the indirect object and subject complements can also occupy this position. The direct and indirect object have some characteristics in common, and this fact justifies their sharing term of object. As the subject, the object is normally a noun phrase or generally a nominal clause e.g. I feel to speak Albanian (DO), and my friend feels to speak English (DO). Shakespeare wrote Hamlet (DO). He wrote it (DO). The Senate has discussed this issue (DO). Lufta e jone clirimtare e nxori popullin (DO) ne krye dhe ketu e vetem ketu qendron arsyeja e fitores. Our war of liberation saw our people (DO) through, and it is this and this alone that accounts for the victory. In both languages the direct object usually follows the verb and can be found by the question words / ke “cilin, cfare c’” – who, whom or what/ received the action of the verb.","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75484739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The technique of mixing the multiple images into one is called image fusion. The resultant image is more significant and gives the better quality. Image fusion provide a greater importance in defense and civilian sector eg:-medical imaging. This paper provides a literature review on the techniques of image fusion like simple average, select maximum, PCA, DWT, DCT etc. The execution of image fusion techniques can be measured by Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Normalized Absolute Error, Entropy, Standard Deviation. This paper also presents the comparison of all the techniques. ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������pan>limit in charges, police in charges can take actions immediately. Through this application the people who are seeing the accident or the crime on the road side can easily make a picture on that scene and can send it the nearest portal so that their preference will give according to situation need such as ambulance, fire station help or police help. This application provides more user friendly to the user
{"title":"A Review on Image Fusion Techniques","authors":"Ramandeep Kaur, Sukhpreet Kaur","doi":"10.21090/ijaerd.010346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21090/ijaerd.010346","url":null,"abstract":"The technique of mixing the multiple images into one is called image fusion. The resultant image is more significant and gives the better quality. Image fusion provide a greater importance in defense and civilian sector eg:-medical imaging. This paper provides a literature review on the techniques of image fusion like simple average, select maximum, PCA, DWT, DCT etc. The execution of image fusion techniques can be measured by Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Normalized Absolute Error, Entropy, Standard Deviation. This paper also presents the comparison of all the techniques. ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������pan>limit in charges, police in charges can take actions immediately. Through this application the people who are seeing the accident or the crime on the road side can easily make a picture on that scene and can send it the nearest portal so that their preference will give according to situation need such as ambulance, fire station help or police help. This application provides more user friendly to the user","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86404059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.4135/9781446247501.n1790
Lalit Desai, Ganesh jadhav, Vishal Shinde, Shweta P. Patil
: GPR is the most modern equipment used for underground surveying. GPR has wide applications in different fields like archeological, mining, utility detection, road investigation and many more.GPR works on electromagnetic waves. the depth of penetration depends upon dielectric constant of material.
{"title":"Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","authors":"Lalit Desai, Ganesh jadhav, Vishal Shinde, Shweta P. Patil","doi":"10.4135/9781446247501.n1790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446247501.n1790","url":null,"abstract":": GPR is the most modern equipment used for underground surveying. GPR has wide applications in different fields like archeological, mining, utility detection, road investigation and many more.GPR works on electromagnetic waves. the depth of penetration depends upon dielectric constant of material.","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"28 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76435783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A self-compacting concrete (SCC) is the one that can be placed in the formwork and can go through obstructions by its own weight and without the need of vibration. The primary aim of this study is to increase the strength properties of SCC with the addition of steel fibers and also compare the strength of concrete obtained with and without the use of steel fibers. This experimental study is aimed at producing SCC mix of M30 grade by using the Modified Nan Su method, incorporating Master Glenium sky 8630 as chemical admixture and GGBS and Fly Ash powder as mineral admixture which are supplementary cementing material. Replacement of mineral admixture by weight of cement was done in percentages, namely 100% cement, 70%cement+15%GGBS+15%FlyAsh. The test specimens were casted and cured well for 7 and 28 days and the compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strengths were investigated.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of SCC with and Without Fibre","authors":"Raghavendra D, R. Sudhakar, Ramesh","doi":"10.32628/IJSRCE218618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRCE218618","url":null,"abstract":"A self-compacting concrete (SCC) is the one that can be placed in the formwork and can go through obstructions by its own weight and without the need of vibration. The primary aim of this study is to increase the strength properties of SCC with the addition of steel fibers and also compare the strength of concrete obtained with and without the use of steel fibers. This experimental study is aimed at producing SCC mix of M30 grade by using the Modified Nan Su method, incorporating Master Glenium sky 8630 as chemical admixture and GGBS and Fly Ash powder as mineral admixture which are supplementary cementing material. Replacement of mineral admixture by weight of cement was done in percentages, namely 100% cement, 70%cement+15%GGBS+15%FlyAsh. The test specimens were casted and cured well for 7 and 28 days and the compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strengths were investigated.","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80138364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-01DOI: 10.17148/iarjset.2015.21011
Amruta Pawar, Pranali Vethekar, Rupam Bhor, S. Bajpai
A paying attention crawler is a crawler which returns connected web pages on a in traversing the web. Web Crawlers are one of the most vital unit of decisive part of the Search Engines to gather pages from the Web. The necessity of a web crawler that downloads most related web pages from such a large web is still a major challenge in the field of Information Retrieval Systems. Most Web Crawlers use Keywords approach for search the information from Web. But they search many irrelevant pages as well. In this paper, we present the framework of a novel self-adaptive semantic focused crawler – SASF crawler, with the of precisely and finding, and indexing by taking into account the heterogeneous, ubiquitous and ambiguous nature of mining information.The framework the technologies of semantic focused crawling and ontology learning, in order to use this crawler.
{"title":"Self-Adaptive Metadata Association and Ontology Learning","authors":"Amruta Pawar, Pranali Vethekar, Rupam Bhor, S. Bajpai","doi":"10.17148/iarjset.2015.21011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17148/iarjset.2015.21011","url":null,"abstract":"A paying attention crawler is a crawler which returns connected web pages on a in traversing the web. Web Crawlers are one of the most vital unit of decisive part of the Search Engines to gather pages from the Web. The necessity of a web crawler that downloads most related web pages from such a large web is still a major challenge in the field of Information Retrieval Systems. Most Web Crawlers use Keywords approach for search the information from Web. But they search many irrelevant pages as well. In this paper, we present the framework of a novel self-adaptive semantic focused crawler – SASF crawler, with the of precisely and finding, and indexing by taking into account the heterogeneous, ubiquitous and ambiguous nature of mining information.The framework the technologies of semantic focused crawling and ontology learning, in order to use this crawler.","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83851360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-01DOI: 10.11648/J.IJCM.20170104.13
Blagica Arsovska, Jihe Zhu, K. Kozovska
Background - Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the body lacks sufficient thyroid hormone. People with this condition have symptoms associated with a slow metabolism, tiredness, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, feeling cold and etc . [12] Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) regards hyperthyroidism and as Yin/Yang imbalances and often uses acupuncture, herbal medicine and dietary therapy to rebalance Yin and Yang . [8] Aim - The main purpose of doing this work is to show the most effective acupoints used in the acupuncture treatment of hypothyroidism in our practice and the results after the treatment. Methods - The patient is a 24 year old female diagnosed with Hashimoto hypothyroidism, an autoimmune thyroiditis. The treatments were done in the clinic for TCM and acupuncture in Skopje by a doctor specialist in acupuncture. The treatments were done every week for 3 years, when the TSH and T4 levels normalized. During the treatments she has done 7 analysis for thyroid. Results - From the first treatment made the levels of TSH. T4 and TPO hormones were gradually normalizing. The last results are from the analysis when she also made her last treatment - TSH=13.8 T4=2.8 TPO=<60. Conclusions - For condition such as hypothyroidism, acupuncture gives satisfying results and improves the condition significantly. Key words: hypothyroidism, hashimoto, acupuncture, treatment, acupoints
{"title":"Case Report: Acupuncture Treatment for Hypothyroidism","authors":"Blagica Arsovska, Jihe Zhu, K. Kozovska","doi":"10.11648/J.IJCM.20170104.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJCM.20170104.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background - Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the body lacks sufficient thyroid hormone. People with this condition have symptoms associated with a slow metabolism, tiredness, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, feeling cold and etc . [12] Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) regards hyperthyroidism and as Yin/Yang imbalances and often uses acupuncture, herbal medicine and dietary therapy to rebalance Yin and Yang . [8] Aim - The main purpose of doing this work is to show the most effective acupoints used in the acupuncture treatment of hypothyroidism in our practice and the results after the treatment. Methods - The patient is a 24 year old female diagnosed with Hashimoto hypothyroidism, an autoimmune thyroiditis. The treatments were done in the clinic for TCM and acupuncture in Skopje by a doctor specialist in acupuncture. The treatments were done every week for 3 years, when the TSH and T4 levels normalized. During the treatments she has done 7 analysis for thyroid. Results - From the first treatment made the levels of TSH. T4 and TPO hormones were gradually normalizing. The last results are from the analysis when she also made her last treatment - TSH=13.8 T4=2.8 TPO=<60. Conclusions - For condition such as hypothyroidism, acupuncture gives satisfying results and improves the condition significantly. Key words: hypothyroidism, hashimoto, acupuncture, treatment, acupoints","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79773530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-01DOI: 10.7490/f1000research.1111719.1
Syed Shahmeer Raza, Muhammad Daniyal Nadeem, A. Hussain
: Being one of the most common emergencies, Appendicitis results in severe abdominal pain, making appendectomy a very common procedure. The hallmark for acute appendicitis is regarded to be Right iliac fossa pain. It is a very hard job and a difficult decision for a junior doctor (in particular) whether to go for surgery or not, relying on the ALVARADO score. Therefore we aimed to find out the effectiveness of the scoring system A prospective study involving 70 patients who presenting with the clinical picture of acute appendicitis, was conducted. Two groups were made and patients were assorted according to their score. Group-A Alvarado Score > 7 (39 patients) and Group-B Alvarado Score 7 score 37 had surgery and 36 were proved to have acute appendicitis. Of the 31 patients in group-B 12 had surgery later on where 8 patients proved to have appendicitis upon histopathology. ALVARADO scoring system is an effective tool which serves for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, which can be of prime importance in making medical decision for the patients and its further management. A score above or equal to 7 is indicative of appendectomy..
{"title":"To find out the effectiveness of ALVARADO scoring system by finding out negative groups through histopathology: A survey of patient data from a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar.","authors":"Syed Shahmeer Raza, Muhammad Daniyal Nadeem, A. Hussain","doi":"10.7490/f1000research.1111719.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7490/f1000research.1111719.1","url":null,"abstract":": Being one of the most common emergencies, Appendicitis results in severe abdominal pain, making appendectomy a very common procedure. The hallmark for acute appendicitis is regarded to be Right iliac fossa pain. It is a very hard job and a difficult decision for a junior doctor (in particular) whether to go for surgery or not, relying on the ALVARADO score. Therefore we aimed to find out the effectiveness of the scoring system A prospective study involving 70 patients who presenting with the clinical picture of acute appendicitis, was conducted. Two groups were made and patients were assorted according to their score. Group-A Alvarado Score > 7 (39 patients) and Group-B Alvarado Score 7 score 37 had surgery and 36 were proved to have acute appendicitis. Of the 31 patients in group-B 12 had surgery later on where 8 patients proved to have appendicitis upon histopathology. ALVARADO scoring system is an effective tool which serves for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, which can be of prime importance in making medical decision for the patients and its further management. A score above or equal to 7 is indicative of appendectomy..","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77087386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This project presents the overall design of Home Automation System (HAS) with low cost and wireless/voice command remote control. This system is designed to assist and provide support in order to fulfil the needs of people. Also, the smart home concept in the system improves the standard living at home. The main control system implements wireless/voice command technology to provide remote access from smart phone. The design remains the existing electrical switches and provides more safety control on the switches with low voltage activating method. The switches status is synchronized in all the control system whereby every user interface indicates the real time existing switches status. The system intended to control electrical appliances and devices in house with relatively low cost design, user-friendly interface and ease of installation.
{"title":"Android Based Home Automation Using Raspberry PI","authors":"Baswaraj Hodge, Eshwar Joshi, Shubham Khandelwal, Yash Kothari","doi":"10.21090/ijaerd.58329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21090/ijaerd.58329","url":null,"abstract":"This project presents the overall design of Home Automation System (HAS) with low cost and wireless/voice command remote control. This system is designed to assist and provide support in order to fulfil the needs of people. Also, the smart home concept in the system improves the standard living at home. The main control system implements wireless/voice command technology to provide remote access from smart phone. The design remains the existing electrical switches and provides more safety control on the switches with low voltage activating method. The switches status is synchronized in all the control system whereby every user interface indicates the real time existing switches status. The system intended to control electrical appliances and devices in house with relatively low cost design, user-friendly interface and ease of installation.","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74505932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-02DOI: 10.21884/ijmter.2018.5080.w8lcz
Abhishek Gupta, S. Kumawat, Shubham Garg
: This project is taken up as India is an agriculture oriented country and the rate at which water resources are depleting is a dangerous threat hence there is a need of smart and efficient way of irrigation. In this project we have implemented sensors which detect the humidity in the soil (agricultural field) and supply water to the field which has water requirement. The project is PIC16F877A microcontroller based design which controls the water supply and the field to be irrigated. There are sensors present in each field which are not activated till water is present on the field. Once the field gets dry sensors sense the requirement of water in the field and send a signal to the microcontroller. Microcontroller then supply water to that particular field which has water requirement till the sensors is deactivated again. In case, when there are more than one signal for water requirement then the microcontroller will prioritize the first received signal and irrigate the fields accordingly. This project uses PIC16F877A Microcontroller. It is programmed in such a way that it will sense the moisture level of the plants and supply the water if required. This type of system is often used for general plant care, as part of caring for small and large gardens. Normally, the plants need to be watered twice daily, morning and evening. So, the microcontroller has to be coded to water the plants in the greenhouse about two times per day. People enjoy plants, their benefits and the feeling related to nurturing them. However for most people it becomes challenging to keep them healthy and alive. To solve this problem we made a project for those who cannot water the plant due to their busy schedule or when they go outside for long time. The system automation is designed to be assistive to the user. We hope that through this project people will enjoy having plants without the challenges related to absent or forgetfulness.
{"title":"Automatic Plant Watering System","authors":"Abhishek Gupta, S. Kumawat, Shubham Garg","doi":"10.21884/ijmter.2018.5080.w8lcz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21884/ijmter.2018.5080.w8lcz","url":null,"abstract":": This project is taken up as India is an agriculture oriented country and the rate at which water resources are depleting is a dangerous threat hence there is a need of smart and efficient way of irrigation. In this project we have implemented sensors which detect the humidity in the soil (agricultural field) and supply water to the field which has water requirement. The project is PIC16F877A microcontroller based design which controls the water supply and the field to be irrigated. There are sensors present in each field which are not activated till water is present on the field. Once the field gets dry sensors sense the requirement of water in the field and send a signal to the microcontroller. Microcontroller then supply water to that particular field which has water requirement till the sensors is deactivated again. In case, when there are more than one signal for water requirement then the microcontroller will prioritize the first received signal and irrigate the fields accordingly. This project uses PIC16F877A Microcontroller. It is programmed in such a way that it will sense the moisture level of the plants and supply the water if required. This type of system is often used for general plant care, as part of caring for small and large gardens. Normally, the plants need to be watered twice daily, morning and evening. So, the microcontroller has to be coded to water the plants in the greenhouse about two times per day. People enjoy plants, their benefits and the feeling related to nurturing them. However for most people it becomes challenging to keep them healthy and alive. To solve this problem we made a project for those who cannot water the plant due to their busy schedule or when they go outside for long time. The system automation is designed to be assistive to the user. We hope that through this project people will enjoy having plants without the challenges related to absent or forgetfulness.","PeriodicalId":13360,"journal":{"name":"Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82111462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.21884/ijmter.2017.4385.67dgg
B. Rani
The rate of heat transfer of a fluid flowing in a closed enclosure can be increased with the modification in the closed enclosure. One of the approaches is by the use of internal fins. The present work, the vertical tubes carrying fluids by providing helical fins and checks its impact when subjected to natural convection heat transfer. All the main parameters which can significantly influence the heat transfer performance of finned tube has been analyzed. Natural convection in a vertical tube without fins was taken as the reference tube and different internal fin patterns such as a single fin with large no. of turns like coiled shape and large no. of fins with single turn is compared with reference tube on the basis of different parameters such as heat transfer rate, surface nusselt number, heat transfer coefficient, fin effectiveness etc. There are some dimensionless numbers which affect the natural convection such as Nusselt number which is the function of Reynolds number, grashof number and Prandlt number, Rayleigh number which is the product of grashoff and prandtl number. After getting best fin configuration compared it with a fin profile of rectangular cross section. All the computer simulation has been done on the ANSYS 13.0. The Naiver-stokes equations were used to solve for the fluid flow inside the tube and the Boussinesq approximation was used to get the buoyancy effect. Aluminum is used for the fin material and air is taken as the fluid flowing inside the tube and the flow is taken as laminar. It was found that the large number of fins with single turn is more efficient than other fin patterns, as there is less flow resistance, high heat transfer rate.
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