Abstract Putting the economic and social–ethical thought of Rosmini in relationship to the German tradition of social market economy, either a pertinent collocation of the liberal catholic thinker Rosmini or new perspectives for the concept of social market economy, which is in search for a new identity, have been made. The justification of this paper lies in the fact that Rosmini introduced the idea of social justice right in the sense of social market economy, on the one hand, and in the way in which the late 19th-centrury economic theory in Italy received his economic thought, on the other hand. Hence, despite his theoretical and cultural distance from Röpke, both have many interesting economic reflections in common.
{"title":"Antonio Rosmini’s Social Ethics and his Relationship to German Thought","authors":"Markus Krienke","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Putting the economic and social–ethical thought of Rosmini in relationship to the German tradition of social market economy, either a pertinent collocation of the liberal catholic thinker Rosmini or new perspectives for the concept of social market economy, which is in search for a new identity, have been made. The justification of this paper lies in the fact that Rosmini introduced the idea of social justice right in the sense of social market economy, on the one hand, and in the way in which the late 19th-centrury economic theory in Italy received his economic thought, on the other hand. Hence, despite his theoretical and cultural distance from Röpke, both have many interesting economic reflections in common.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122774003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Welcoming the turn toward including normative conceptions of the human into the remit of economics, this paper compares philosophical frameworks that guide principles such as dignity and justice as one source of theological ethics. Recent political crises show the importance of analyzing the public sphere with which Christian ethics in its various approaches interacts. The place given to religions in Rawls’s and Habermas’s concepts of “public reason” is compared with Ricoeur’s understanding of religions as cofounding traditions. They can contribute to a necessary exchange of memories, also of conflict and conquest, inspired by the undelivered hopes of their own founding memories, precluding triumphalism and fostering “intellectual solidarity” (Hollenbach).
{"title":"Sources of “Public Reason” in Europe: Perspectives from Theological Ethics","authors":"Maureen Junker-Kenny","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Welcoming the turn toward including normative conceptions of the human into the remit of economics, this paper compares philosophical frameworks that guide principles such as dignity and justice as one source of theological ethics. Recent political crises show the importance of analyzing the public sphere with which Christian ethics in its various approaches interacts. The place given to religions in Rawls’s and Habermas’s concepts of “public reason” is compared with Ricoeur’s understanding of religions as cofounding traditions. They can contribute to a necessary exchange of memories, also of conflict and conquest, inspired by the undelivered hopes of their own founding memories, precluding triumphalism and fostering “intellectual solidarity” (Hollenbach).","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115888736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Tractatus de contractibus shows that there are mainly three fundamental economic views that characterize the originality and the acuteness of Olivi’s thought: a subject-based theory of value, a theory of just price, and the theoretical-systematic use of the concept of capital. Olivi’s distinction between simply sterile money and fertile, lucrative money – called capitale (capital) – is central. His – at that time – revolutionary thought challenges the theory of money as a mere means of exchange; he acknowledged the legitimacy of trade and the added value (valor superadiunctus) of capital. Thus, he allowed a price as compensation or as remuneration for the owner’s foregone use of the capital. This is not a mere scholastic subtlety, but it is a serious attempt to grasp different phenomena with different concepts.
{"title":"A Certain Seminal Character of Profit which We Commonly Call “Capital”: Peter of John Olivi and the Tractatus de contractibus","authors":"Giuseppe Franco, Peter Nickl","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tractatus de contractibus shows that there are mainly three fundamental economic views that characterize the originality and the acuteness of Olivi’s thought: a subject-based theory of value, a theory of just price, and the theoretical-systematic use of the concept of capital. Olivi’s distinction between simply sterile money and fertile, lucrative money – called capitale (capital) – is central. His – at that time – revolutionary thought challenges the theory of money as a mere means of exchange; he acknowledged the legitimacy of trade and the added value (valor superadiunctus) of capital. Thus, he allowed a price as compensation or as remuneration for the owner’s foregone use of the capital. This is not a mere scholastic subtlety, but it is a serious attempt to grasp different phenomena with different concepts.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131198233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The main concern of this paper was to identify the homogeneity between the micro- and macro-level of social market economy. It shows the transfer of the normative main idea of the social market economy to concepts of leadership ethics with which it is compatible concerning the basic ideas. They will be identified as leadership models of the social market economy and therefore differentiated from those that contradict these ideas. To this end, an attempt will first be made to recall the normative foundations of the social market economy. Leadership will be henceforth identified as an application area of this value basis on the microlevel. Subsequently, the systematic approach will be traced for a transfer from the macro-level to the microlevel.
{"title":"Why the Microlevel Determines the Future of the Social Market Economy?","authors":"Elmar Nass","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main concern of this paper was to identify the homogeneity between the micro- and macro-level of social market economy. It shows the transfer of the normative main idea of the social market economy to concepts of leadership ethics with which it is compatible concerning the basic ideas. They will be identified as leadership models of the social market economy and therefore differentiated from those that contradict these ideas. To this end, an attempt will first be made to recall the normative foundations of the social market economy. Leadership will be henceforth identified as an application area of this value basis on the microlevel. Subsequently, the systematic approach will be traced for a transfer from the macro-level to the microlevel.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132701261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Is it lawful to steal when you are in a condition of extreme need? Many theologians and canonists between the 12th and 13th centuries wanted to answer this question. It is not just a case of conscience. The problem of theft in case of need is linked to the idea of common possession of the earth’s goods and their distribution in case of extreme need. The paper traces the history of one of the most interesting debates in Christian theology, which led to the definition of the ethical-economic lexicon in the Middle Ages.
{"title":"Theft in Case of Need: Reflections on the Ethical–Economic Lexicon of the Middle Ages","authors":"M. Bartoli","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Is it lawful to steal when you are in a condition of extreme need? Many theologians and canonists between the 12th and 13th centuries wanted to answer this question. It is not just a case of conscience. The problem of theft in case of need is linked to the idea of common possession of the earth’s goods and their distribution in case of extreme need. The paper traces the history of one of the most interesting debates in Christian theology, which led to the definition of the ethical-economic lexicon in the Middle Ages.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128098307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Federalism is always torn between the principles of subsidiarity and solidarity. Defining the federal structure of a country by finding the welfare-maximizing amount and design of government layers is challenging. Thereby, the financial endowment of different layers of government which they need to fulfill their respective tasks is an important aspect. European countries have chosen quite different federal designs to address the question of an optimal degree of fiscal decentralization. The aim of this paper is to analyze these different approaches for Germany, Italy, and the European Union. Parallels can be found in that all the three entities share a form of institutional asymmetry, a kind of fiscal bailout system, and a sort of fiscal equalization scheme.
{"title":"Federalism in Germany, Italy, and the European Union: History, Characteristics, and Perspectives","authors":"Beate Jochimsen","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Federalism is always torn between the principles of subsidiarity and solidarity. Defining the federal structure of a country by finding the welfare-maximizing amount and design of government layers is challenging. Thereby, the financial endowment of different layers of government which they need to fulfill their respective tasks is an important aspect. European countries have chosen quite different federal designs to address the question of an optimal degree of fiscal decentralization. The aim of this paper is to analyze these different approaches for Germany, Italy, and the European Union. Parallels can be found in that all the three entities share a form of institutional asymmetry, a kind of fiscal bailout system, and a sort of fiscal equalization scheme.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117192529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The first part of the paper deals with the so-called liberal Third Way of Röpke and Einaudi, which has, at its center, the person and civitas umana. Subsidiarity principle, market, and conform public interventions define the role and limits of public powers. The second part presents eight main indicators of the divergent performance of the four main Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) countries. The third part deals with the incompleteness of the institutional construct of the European Union (EU) and the EMU that are clubs of sovereign states in the light of Einaudi’s and Röpke’s ideas. Suggestion about corrections of fiscal compact, banking regulations, and “bail in” and about a closer cooperation between European Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy and European budget and EU fiscal policy concludes the paper.
{"title":"Röpke and Einaudi: from the Civitas of Persons to the Idea of Europe","authors":"F. Forte","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The first part of the paper deals with the so-called liberal Third Way of Röpke and Einaudi, which has, at its center, the person and civitas umana. Subsidiarity principle, market, and conform public interventions define the role and limits of public powers. The second part presents eight main indicators of the divergent performance of the four main Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) countries. The third part deals with the incompleteness of the institutional construct of the European Union (EU) and the EMU that are clubs of sovereign states in the light of Einaudi’s and Röpke’s ideas. Suggestion about corrections of fiscal compact, banking regulations, and “bail in” and about a closer cooperation between European Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy and European budget and EU fiscal policy concludes the paper.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126705377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract What do we mean by “civil” and “civil society”? This paper attempts to describe a complex notion of “civil economy” in Sturzo’s theoretical perspective of the social market economy. According to this political theory, “civil” is not opposed to “market,” which is not opposed to “the political” (the state). Rather, instead of being the transmission belt between the state and market, civil is the galaxy in which we find also the market and the state (but not only), each with its own functions. This tradition – rooted in Christianity – was able to oppose both Nazi and communist totalitarianism, while many Catholics made an impossible attempt to exhume corporatism.
{"title":"Civil Economy in the Social Market Economy: a Theoretical Perspective","authors":"F. Felice","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract What do we mean by “civil” and “civil society”? This paper attempts to describe a complex notion of “civil economy” in Sturzo’s theoretical perspective of the social market economy. According to this political theory, “civil” is not opposed to “market,” which is not opposed to “the political” (the state). Rather, instead of being the transmission belt between the state and market, civil is the galaxy in which we find also the market and the state (but not only), each with its own functions. This tradition – rooted in Christianity – was able to oppose both Nazi and communist totalitarianism, while many Catholics made an impossible attempt to exhume corporatism.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131927368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper presents different historical and systematical approaches to point out the relationship between Catholic social teaching and social market economy. A fundamental connection between Catholic social teaching, ordoliberalism, and the market order is given in more detail. It becomes clear that not every form of capitalism is suitable for Catholic social teaching. However, the so-called “Rhenish capitalism”, i.e., social market economy, is the form of market economy that best coincides with the criteria of Catholic social teaching. This paper examines the anthropological and ethical foudations of the economic order in a detailed manner, especially of the economic order, especially the fundamental value of freedom as well as the notion of social justice by taking into account the importance of an ethos and an institutional framework. The idea of social market economy has to face current challenges and future perspectives which prove that – from an ethical point of view – the center of this discussion is the question of ineluctable standards of humanity and justice.
{"title":"Catholic Social Teaching as a Pillar of Social Market Economy","authors":"Ursula Nothelle-Wildfeuer","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents different historical and systematical approaches to point out the relationship between Catholic social teaching and social market economy. A fundamental connection between Catholic social teaching, ordoliberalism, and the market order is given in more detail. It becomes clear that not every form of capitalism is suitable for Catholic social teaching. However, the so-called “Rhenish capitalism”, i.e., social market economy, is the form of market economy that best coincides with the criteria of Catholic social teaching. This paper examines the anthropological and ethical foudations of the economic order in a detailed manner, especially of the economic order, especially the fundamental value of freedom as well as the notion of social justice by taking into account the importance of an ethos and an institutional framework. The idea of social market economy has to face current challenges and future perspectives which prove that – from an ethical point of view – the center of this discussion is the question of ineluctable standards of humanity and justice.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132704263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zusammenfassung Auslöser meiner Überlegungen ist die akute Flüchtlingskrise. Es spricht manches dafür, dass sich diese Krise nicht einfach mit einigen administrativen Maßnahmen der Zuwanderungsbeschränkung in kurzer Frist in Luft auflösen wird. Vermutlich ist sie Symptom für eine neue Welle der weltweiten Angleichung von Lebensbedingungen, die sich unter anderem in großen Wanderungen niederschlägt. Es ist dann im Interesse des Nordens diesen Angleichungsprozess zu beschleunigen, um so den Anreiz des Wanderns aus dem Süden in den Norden zu dämpfen. Eine zentrale Komponente des nördlichen Erfolgsmodells, die Soziale Marktwirtschaft, sollte daher möglichst rasch globalisiert werden. Diesem Ziel einer möglichst zügigen Verwirklichung einer Global-Sozialen Marktwirtschaft dient am besten ein Kulturwandel im Süden in Richtung auf das das nördliche Erfolgsmodell. Dieser Kulturwandel kann vor allem angestoßen werden durch Exporterfolge des Südens in den Norden. Hierzu eignet sich eine Außenwirtschaftspolitik des Nordens, die einen Exportüberschuss des Südens hervorbringt und auf diese Weise im Süden möglichst viele produktive Arbeitsplätze schafft. Der Norden würde von einer solchen Politik nicht nur deshalb gewinnen, weil auf diese Weise der Süd-Nord- Wanderungsdruck gemildert wird. Darüber hinaus kann der Norden auch durch eine verbesserte internationale Arbeitsteilung gewinnen. Allerdings ist es für den Erfolg einer solchen Politik auch erforderlich, dass sich der Norden auf die damit verbundenen institutionellen Veränderungen einlässt. Insbesondere muss akzeptiert werden, dass sich die komparativen Vorteile in der Güterproduktion verschieben und dass auch Institutionen wie zum Beispiel die staatliche Schuldenbremse modifiziert, grundlegend geändert oder ganz abgeschafft werden.
{"title":"Global-Soziale Marktwirtschaft und die Flüchtlingsfrage","authors":"C. V. Weizsäcker","doi":"10.2478/jome-2018-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jome-2018-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Zusammenfassung Auslöser meiner Überlegungen ist die akute Flüchtlingskrise. Es spricht manches dafür, dass sich diese Krise nicht einfach mit einigen administrativen Maßnahmen der Zuwanderungsbeschränkung in kurzer Frist in Luft auflösen wird. Vermutlich ist sie Symptom für eine neue Welle der weltweiten Angleichung von Lebensbedingungen, die sich unter anderem in großen Wanderungen niederschlägt. Es ist dann im Interesse des Nordens diesen Angleichungsprozess zu beschleunigen, um so den Anreiz des Wanderns aus dem Süden in den Norden zu dämpfen. Eine zentrale Komponente des nördlichen Erfolgsmodells, die Soziale Marktwirtschaft, sollte daher möglichst rasch globalisiert werden. Diesem Ziel einer möglichst zügigen Verwirklichung einer Global-Sozialen Marktwirtschaft dient am besten ein Kulturwandel im Süden in Richtung auf das das nördliche Erfolgsmodell. Dieser Kulturwandel kann vor allem angestoßen werden durch Exporterfolge des Südens in den Norden. Hierzu eignet sich eine Außenwirtschaftspolitik des Nordens, die einen Exportüberschuss des Südens hervorbringt und auf diese Weise im Süden möglichst viele produktive Arbeitsplätze schafft. Der Norden würde von einer solchen Politik nicht nur deshalb gewinnen, weil auf diese Weise der Süd-Nord- Wanderungsdruck gemildert wird. Darüber hinaus kann der Norden auch durch eine verbesserte internationale Arbeitsteilung gewinnen. Allerdings ist es für den Erfolg einer solchen Politik auch erforderlich, dass sich der Norden auf die damit verbundenen institutionellen Veränderungen einlässt. Insbesondere muss akzeptiert werden, dass sich die komparativen Vorteile in der Güterproduktion verschieben und dass auch Institutionen wie zum Beispiel die staatliche Schuldenbremse modifiziert, grundlegend geändert oder ganz abgeschafft werden.","PeriodicalId":134384,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Markets and Ethics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124996810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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