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2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)最新文献

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Analytic-numeric considerations for contactless reader modulation 非接触读写器调制的解析-数值考虑
Pub Date : 2015-09-03 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231207
M. Gebhart
Unlike in conventional Wireless Communication, Contactless Communication technologies like Near Field Communication (NFC), Proximity Card systems or RFID Labels operated at 13.56 MHz are very much impacted by signal distortion caused by de-tuning of resonant loop antennas. In fact, these effects define the near-field communication channel over just a few centimeters operating distance. To ensure interoperability, modulation signal specifications at the air interface provided in base standards must be strictly maintained. Consequently, accurate measurement methods are important and it is essential for system design to meet the specifications. This paper shows a method to consider reader modulation at the air interface of the contactless coupling channel. We apply this method on two scenarios: On the Proximity Coupling Device (PCD) test environment for Card testing, and on a real reader coupled to NFC Forum Listener 1.
与传统的无线通信不同,非接触式通信技术,如近场通信(NFC)、接近卡系统或工作在13.56 MHz的RFID标签,受到谐振环路天线解调引起的信号失真的影响很大。事实上,这些效应定义了仅在几厘米操作距离内的近场通信信道。为了确保互操作性,必须严格维护基本标准中提供的空中接口调制信号规范。因此,精确的测量方法是非常重要的,并且是系统设计满足规格的必要条件。本文提出了一种考虑非接触式耦合信道空中接口处读写器调制的方法。我们将此方法应用于两种场景:在接近耦合设备(PCD)测试环境中进行卡测试,以及在耦合到NFC论坛侦听器1的真实读取器上。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of moderate-to-strong turbulence effects on free space optics — A laboratory demonstration 中强湍流对自由空间光学影响的研究-实验室演示
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231197
N. A. M. Nor, Elizabeth Fabiyi, M. M. Abadi, Xuan Tang, Zabih Ghassemlooy, A. Burton
The increasing demand for higher bandwidth is the motivation behind research studies in free space optical (FSO) communications. In particular, the impact of the atmospheric channel on the FSO link performance has been investigated for decades. Among known channel effects, turbulence is the one, which is thoroughly studied from theoretical and experimental point of views. However, due to limitation of laboratory equipment and channel length, only experimental works in the weak turbulence regime are reported. Therefore, in this paper a dedicated indoor controlled laboratory chamber is used to simulate the outdoor FSO communications for moderate-to-strong turbulence regimes. Instead of increasing the link distance, we generate high temperature gradients along the propagation path of 7 m by blowing cold air in a parallel direction to the laser beam. The performances of the on off keying intensity modulated FSO link is assessed by means of the Q-factor and the optical intensity distribution plots of received signals, thus giving an insight into the level of scintillation achieved in moderate to strong turbulence regimes.
对高带宽的日益增长的需求是自由空间光通信研究的动力。特别是,大气信道对FSO链路性能的影响已经研究了几十年。在已知的通道效应中,湍流是其中一种,从理论和实验的角度对其进行了深入的研究。然而,由于实验室设备和通道长度的限制,仅报道了弱湍流状态下的实验工作。因此,在本文中,使用专用的室内控制实验室室来模拟中到强湍流状态下的室外FSO通信。我们没有增加链路距离,而是在7 m的传播路径上通过向激光束平行吹冷空气产生高温梯度。通过q因子和接收信号的光强度分布图来评估开关键控强度调制FSO链路的性能,从而深入了解在中等到强湍流状态下实现的闪烁水平。
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引用次数: 17
Life cycle based analysis of ICT equipment for advanced metering infrastructure 基于生命周期的先进计量基础设施ICT设备分析
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231222
S. Aleksic, Vedad Mujan
The future electric power grid, i.e., the smart grid, is expected to offer numerous advantages over the current electricity grid due to an improved efficiency of electricity production, distribution, consumption as well as sophisticated grid management and integration of distributed renewable energy sources. However, in order to enable these functionalities, additional equipment has to be installed, which, on the other hand, will lead to increased electricity consumption and more e-waste. This correspondence provides insights into the sustainability of the additional information and communication technology (ICT) equipment required for the deployment of the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), which will be the essential part of future smart grids. We present results on the cumulative exergy consumption of AMI taking into account all life cycle phases. The impact of components' lifetime and implementation options is shown.
未来的电网,即智能电网,由于电力生产、分配、消费效率的提高,以及复杂的电网管理和分布式可再生能源的整合,预计将比目前的电网提供许多优势。然而,为了实现这些功能,必须安装额外的设备,另一方面,这将导致电力消耗增加和更多的电子废物。这种通信提供了对部署先进计量基础设施(AMI)所需的额外信息和通信技术(ICT)设备的可持续性的见解,这将是未来智能电网的重要组成部分。我们提出了考虑到所有生命周期阶段的AMI累计能耗的结果。显示了组件生命周期和实现选项的影响。
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引用次数: 3
Session level network usage patterns of mobile handsets 手机的会话级网络使用模式
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231229
Tapio Soikkeli, Antti Riikonen
In this paper we utilize mobile handset-based measurements to examine smartphone generated mobile network usage. The focus is on user behavior analysis and network session is defined as the measure of network usage. In particular, we utilize the richness of handset-based data to understand the offline/background actions leading to the network usage. We make a distinction between human versus machine-generated network sessions, and examine the sessions in different semantic places of users, as well as, on different battery levels of the users' devices. Machine-generated sessions show differing properties compared to human-generated sessions, and also other contextual factors affect the properties of the network sessions. The results could be applied to more generalizable network node measurements to gain a more large-scale view on mobile network usage.
在本文中,我们利用基于手机的测量来检查智能手机产生的移动网络使用情况。重点是用户行为分析,网络会话被定义为网络使用的度量。特别是,我们利用丰富的基于手机的数据来理解导致网络使用的离线/后台操作。我们区分了人类与机器生成的网络会话,并在用户的不同语义位置以及用户设备的不同电池级别上检查会话。与人类生成的会话相比,机器生成的会话显示出不同的属性,并且其他上下文因素也会影响网络会话的属性。结果可以应用于更通用的网络节点测量,以获得更大规模的移动网络使用视图。
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引用次数: 2
Energy consumption model for devices in machine-to-machine system 机器对机器系统中设备的能耗模型
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231224
Pavle Skocir, Stjepko Zrncic, Damjan Katusic, M. Kusek, G. Jezic
The paper proposes an energy consumption model for energy constrained devices in Machine-to-Machine communication system. The model specifies generic tasks that are executed on M2M devices. It was implemented on devices on Waspmote and Arduino hardware platforms. Power consumption was calculated for the states of the proposed model. The model with calculated consumption values is applicable for testing algorithms and techniques for achieving higher energy efficiency. Furthermore, the paper presents a basic operating cycle in which tasks from the specified model are executed on M2M devices and M2M gateway in an energy efficient way. Energy consumption during 24 hours by using the suggested operating cycle is compared on Arduino and Waspmote hardware platforms.
提出了一种机器对机器通信系统中能量受限设备的能量消耗模型。该模型指定在M2M设备上执行的通用任务。它在Waspmote和Arduino硬件平台上的设备上实现。计算了所提模型状态下的功耗。该模型具有计算出的能耗值,适用于测试实现更高能源效率的算法和技术。此外,本文提出了一个基本的运行周期,其中指定模型的任务以节能的方式在M2M设备和M2M网关上执行。在Arduino和Waspmote硬件平台上比较了建议运行周期下24小时的能耗。
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引用次数: 6
Hardware-software partitioning of soft multi-core cyber-physical systems 软多核网络物理系统的软硬件划分
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231221
Benjámin Babják, P. Völgyesi, Á. Lédeczi
Single microcontroller embedded systems cannot easily satisfy the computational requirements of systems observing physical phenomena via multiple channels at high sampling rates. Flash FPGAs can provide the necessary trade-off between adaptivity and computational power, however, fewer developers are familiar with them. Thus, we propose a soft multi-core architecture in the fabric forming a loosely coupled network with a queue-based messaging framework for inter-core communication. This platform provides parallel improvements (as per Amdahl's Law) and a familiar Harvard abstraction. The nesC language was chosen for programming, as it enables modularity and assignment of independent tasks to cores. The single core development environment was augmented to help with the transition to the new architecture. A cycle accurate system simulator, called Avrora, was enhanced to fully support multi-core platforms and whole sensor networks. The architecture provides better power consumption and response time properties for time critical applications by effectively pipelining tasks.
单单片机嵌入式系统不容易满足系统在高采样率下通过多通道观察物理现象的计算需求。闪存fpga可以在适应性和计算能力之间提供必要的权衡,然而,很少有开发人员熟悉它们。因此,我们在结构中提出了一个软多核架构,形成一个松散耦合的网络,并使用基于队列的消息传递框架进行核间通信。这个平台提供了并行的改进(按照Amdahl定律)和一个熟悉的哈佛抽象。之所以选择nesC语言进行编程,是因为它支持模块化并将独立任务分配给核心。单核开发环境得到了增强,以帮助过渡到新的体系结构。一个周期精确的系统模拟器,称为Avrora,被增强到完全支持多核平台和整个传感器网络。该体系结构通过有效地流水线任务,为时间关键型应用程序提供更好的功耗和响应时间属性。
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引用次数: 0
Full-duplex bidirectional communication under self-interference 自干扰下全双工双向通信
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231219
Kudret Akcapinar, Ö. Gürbüz
In this paper, we analyze bidirectional communication between two multiple antenna nodes performing half-duplex and full-duplex transmissions. We compare the performance of half-duplex and full-duplex modes in terms of achievable sum rate under finite Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), while utilizing a realistic, experimentally characterized residual self-interference (SI) model for full-duplex operation. In our comparisons, for considering different perspectives for radio resource exploitation, we evaluate the antenna conserved and RF chain conserved full-duplex implementations, while investigating the effect of the number of antennas, different SI cancellation levels and transmission power. Our results indicate that antenna conserved full-duplex is only slightly better than half-duplex transmission, even when SI is completely canceled. RF chain conserved full-duplex, on the other hand, can double the half-duplex performance when SI is perfectly canceled, and still significantly higher capacity over half-duplex is achieved by realistic SI cancellation. Specifically, the capacity gain of RF chain conserved full-duplex over half-duplex is highly dependent on the transmission power levels, but not dependent at all on the number of antennas. Lastly, it is also deduced that individual transmission power of nodes is also important in determining the sum rate, especially for full-duplex implementations with poor SI cancellation.
在本文中,我们分析了两个多天线节点之间进行半双工和全双工传输的双向通信。我们在有限信噪比(SNR)下比较了半双工和全双工模式的性能,同时利用了一个真实的,实验表征的全双工操作的剩余自干扰(SI)模型。在我们的比较中,为了考虑无线电资源开发的不同角度,我们评估了天线保守和射频链保守的全双工实现,同时研究了天线数量、不同SI抵消水平和发射功率的影响。我们的研究结果表明,即使完全取消SI,天线守恒的全双工传输也仅略好于半双工传输。另一方面,射频链保守型全双工在完全取消SI时可以使半双工性能提高一倍,并且通过实际的SI取消可以实现比半双工更高的容量。具体而言,射频链保守型全双工比半双工的容量增益高度依赖于发射功率水平,而与天线数量完全无关。最后,还推导出节点的单个传输功率在确定和速率方面也很重要,特别是对于SI抵消较差的全双工实现。
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引用次数: 15
Vectored VDSL2: Theoretical possibilities on quad cables 矢量VDSL2:四根电缆的理论可能性
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231220
V. Mikac, Ž. Ilić, Goran Jurin, Velimir Svedek
Mitigating unwanted effects of crosstalk in highspeed communications over copper-based digital subscriber lines (DSL) is well researched area. On the other hand effects of vectored transmission in access network based on quad cables instead of twisted pair cables is poorly covered. In such an environment, crosstalk models often do not behave intuitively and the results obtained using the standard crosstalk models can give surprising results. In this paper we calculate potentially achievable data rates, in downstream direction for VDSL2 (Very-high-bit-rate DSL 2) systems, with respect to loop length and cable filling percentage, taking into account vectoring applied on quad cables. Presented results are supported by laboratory measurements of attenuation and far-end crosstalk (FEXT). Finally, results provide useful bounds for developers, xDSL providers, and relevant regulatory agencies.
如何减轻铜基数字用户线路(DSL)高速通信中串扰的不良影响是目前研究的热点。另一方面,在以四根电缆代替双绞线的接入网中,矢量传输的影响研究较少。在这样的环境下,串声模型的行为往往不直观,使用标准的串声模型得到的结果可能会令人惊讶。在本文中,我们计算了VDSL2(非常高比特率DSL2)系统在下游方向上可能实现的数据速率,考虑到环路长度和电缆填充百分比,并考虑到四轴电缆上应用的矢量。本文的结果得到了衰减和远端串扰(ext)的实验室测量结果的支持。最后,结果为开发人员、xDSL提供者和相关监管机构提供了有用的界限。
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引用次数: 0
Performance analysis of CDMA-based networks with interference cancellation, for batched Poisson traffic under the bandwidth reservation policy 带宽保留策略下带干扰消除的cdma网络的性能分析
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231218
I. Moscholios, V. Vassilakis, G. Kallos, M. Logothetis
CDMA-based technologies deserve assiduous analysis and evaluation. We study the performance, at call-level, of a CDMA cell with interference cancellation capabilities, while assuming that the cell accommodates different service-classes of batched Poisson arriving calls. The partial batch blocking discipline is applied for Call Admission Control (CAC). To guarantee certain Quality of Service (QoS) for each service-class, the Bandwidth Reservation (BR) policy is incorporated in the CAC; i.e., a fraction of system resources is reserved for highspeed service-classes. We propose a new multirate loss model for the calculation of time and call congestion probabilities. The notion of local (soft) and hard blocking, users activity, interference cancellation, as well as the BR policy, are incorporated in the model. Although the steady state probabilities of the system do not have a product form solution, time and call congestion probabilities can be efficiently determined via approximate but recursive formulas. Simulation verified the high accuracy of the new formulas. We also show the consistency of the proposed model in respect of its parameters, while comparison of the proposed model with that of Poisson input shows its necessity.
基于cdma的技术值得认真分析和评估。我们研究了具有干扰消除能力的CDMA小区在呼叫级的性能,同时假设该小区可容纳不同服务等级的批处理泊松到达呼叫。在呼叫准入控制(CAC)中,采用了部分批量阻塞原则。为了保证每个业务类别都有一定的QoS (Quality of Service),在CAC中加入了带宽预留(Bandwidth Reservation, BR)策略;也就是说,一部分系统资源是为高速服务类保留的。我们提出了一种新的计算时间和呼叫拥塞概率的多速率损失模型。模型中包含了局部(软)和硬阻塞、用户活动、干扰消除以及BR策略的概念。虽然系统的稳态概率没有乘积形式的解,但时间和呼叫拥塞概率可以通过近似但递归的公式有效地确定。仿真结果验证了新公式的准确性。我们还证明了所提出的模型在其参数方面的一致性,而所提出的模型与泊松输入的模型的比较表明了其必要性。
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引用次数: 2
Experimental results for a proposal of adaptative mechanism based on SNRs variation in infrastructured wireless networks 一种基于基础无线网络信噪比变化的自适应机制的实验结果
Pub Date : 2015-07-13 DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231189
Kerlla S. Luz, P. Solís, Mylène C. Q. Farias, H. D. Garcia
This paper presents the experimental results in a proposal that aims to develop an adaptive mechanism of management and control frame traffic under a infrastructured network in the IEEE 802.11 standard to any of its versions. The mechanism is based on Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) values to measure users mobility and allow the station to decide the mechanism activation or deactivation. Preliminary results were obtained from two propositions: a) indoor measurements of a WLAN 802.11g placed inside the Computer Science Center (CIC) at the University of Braslia (UNB) which covered the area of the computer labs. b) a previous simulation of the adaptive algorithm in MATLAB with nodes operating within the proposed mobility characteristics as a case study in order to test auto-activation or auto-deactivation of the mechanism by the station.
本文介绍了一项提案的实验结果,该提案旨在开发一种自适应机制,在IEEE 802.11标准的基础设施网络下管理和控制帧流量到其任何版本。该机制基于信噪比(SNR)值来测量用户的移动性,并允许站点决定该机制的激活或停用。初步结果从两个命题中获得:a)在覆盖计算机实验室区域的巴西利亚大学(UNB)计算机科学中心(CIC)内放置WLAN 802.11g的室内测量。b)先前在MATLAB中对自适应算法进行仿真,其中节点在提议的移动特性内运行,作为案例研究,以测试站点自动激活或自动停用机制。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)
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