Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231190
Marco Steger, Michael Karner, J. Hillebrand, W. Rom, E. Armengaud, Martin Hansson, C. Boano, K. Römer
Due to the rising number of electronic control units (ECU) in a vehicle and the growing complexity of the related software installed, a fast and efficient system for updating software is needed. Wireless software updates similar to firmware over the air updates for smartphones can be a suitable solution to solve this issue. In this paper we propose a wireless update system based on an IEEE 802.11s mesh network and describe related high-level requirements for such a system. Additionally the prototype of a wireless vehicle interface (WVI) is described. This interface is needed to maintain the wireless link as well as to forward the received data to the in-vehicle communication system and finally to the ECU. Existing diagnostic standards are applied to transfer and install the new software on the ECU. Furthermore, IEEE 802.11s-based network nodes and the WVI prototype are used to evaluate the applicability of IEEE 802.11s for a wireless update system used in the vehicle development phase. We performed indoor measurements as well as measurements inside two different vehicles to evaluate the influence of the shielding properties of a vehicle. The results of these measurements show that the used setup consisting of the WVI prototype and other IEEE 802.11s based nodes can be used to realize a wireless update system and is able to fulfil the defined system requirements.
{"title":"Applicability of IEEE 802.11s for automotive wireless software updates","authors":"Marco Steger, Michael Karner, J. Hillebrand, W. Rom, E. Armengaud, Martin Hansson, C. Boano, K. Römer","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231190","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the rising number of electronic control units (ECU) in a vehicle and the growing complexity of the related software installed, a fast and efficient system for updating software is needed. Wireless software updates similar to firmware over the air updates for smartphones can be a suitable solution to solve this issue. In this paper we propose a wireless update system based on an IEEE 802.11s mesh network and describe related high-level requirements for such a system. Additionally the prototype of a wireless vehicle interface (WVI) is described. This interface is needed to maintain the wireless link as well as to forward the received data to the in-vehicle communication system and finally to the ECU. Existing diagnostic standards are applied to transfer and install the new software on the ECU. Furthermore, IEEE 802.11s-based network nodes and the WVI prototype are used to evaluate the applicability of IEEE 802.11s for a wireless update system used in the vehicle development phase. We performed indoor measurements as well as measurements inside two different vehicles to evaluate the influence of the shielding properties of a vehicle. The results of these measurements show that the used setup consisting of the WVI prototype and other IEEE 802.11s based nodes can be used to realize a wireless update system and is able to fulfil the defined system requirements.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128707751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231202
Andrea Pirsa, B. Stanic, Lovro Stracak, Zoran Todorovic, Hrvoje Vdovic, Matea Zilak, M. Vuković, Z. Car
Despite great potential in the use of new technologies, which make it possible to communicate, access information and generally increase the quality of life for people with disabilities and the elderly, there are still accessibility barriers that they experience while using different ICT solutions. The paper presents research undertaken with the goal to provide solution for enhancing web site accessibility and to remove some of barriers these user groups experience while consuming web-content. Paper presents research projects in the area, gives an overview of guidelines and recommendations for ensuring accessibility and discusses results of accessibility analysis of Croatian most visited desktop and mobile web sites. Based on these results, a software solution for web accessibility improvement is proposed in the paper for the selected case study web site. The solution is based on front-end adaptation of the web site content presentation by using technologies CSS, JQuery and JavaScript. Paper also discusses shortcomings of existing accessibility checking tools that were identified through the analysis of the web sites with improved accessibility.
{"title":"Front-end solution for enhancing web sites accessibility","authors":"Andrea Pirsa, B. Stanic, Lovro Stracak, Zoran Todorovic, Hrvoje Vdovic, Matea Zilak, M. Vuković, Z. Car","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231202","url":null,"abstract":"Despite great potential in the use of new technologies, which make it possible to communicate, access information and generally increase the quality of life for people with disabilities and the elderly, there are still accessibility barriers that they experience while using different ICT solutions. The paper presents research undertaken with the goal to provide solution for enhancing web site accessibility and to remove some of barriers these user groups experience while consuming web-content. Paper presents research projects in the area, gives an overview of guidelines and recommendations for ensuring accessibility and discusses results of accessibility analysis of Croatian most visited desktop and mobile web sites. Based on these results, a software solution for web accessibility improvement is proposed in the paper for the selected case study web site. The solution is based on front-end adaptation of the web site content presentation by using technologies CSS, JQuery and JavaScript. Paper also discusses shortcomings of existing accessibility checking tools that were identified through the analysis of the web sites with improved accessibility.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125863711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231227
Niwas Maskey, S. Horsmanheimo, L. Tuomimäki
Smart Grid companies are looking for communication infrastructure to support remote control, automation, and monitoring. But, these companies are not fully confident in budding LTE technology for M2M (Machine-to-Machine) applications, although it has been proved to be a promising technology for H2H (Human-to-Human) communications. LTE MTC (Machine Type Communications) is a part of the upcoming release 13 of the global 3GPP standard. The reliability, pervasiveness, efficiency, and mature ecosystem of LTE make it the major candidate to support M2M applications in the future. However, in LTE MTC, power enhanced power modes are used to extend the battery life in the cost of increased latency. Since M2M requirements are more towards low throughput and low latency applications, it is necessary to investigate the performance of commercial LTE network in terms of latency. This paper presents the results of a latency measurement campaign done in commercial LTE networks in different coverage conditions. This paper is expected to provide utility companies a foresight about the feasibility of the public LTE networks to support delay sensitive applications. Moreover, necessary optimizations required from network operator side to support M2M applications are also discussed in this paper.
{"title":"Latency analysis of LTE network for M2M applications","authors":"Niwas Maskey, S. Horsmanheimo, L. Tuomimäki","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231227","url":null,"abstract":"Smart Grid companies are looking for communication infrastructure to support remote control, automation, and monitoring. But, these companies are not fully confident in budding LTE technology for M2M (Machine-to-Machine) applications, although it has been proved to be a promising technology for H2H (Human-to-Human) communications. LTE MTC (Machine Type Communications) is a part of the upcoming release 13 of the global 3GPP standard. The reliability, pervasiveness, efficiency, and mature ecosystem of LTE make it the major candidate to support M2M applications in the future. However, in LTE MTC, power enhanced power modes are used to extend the battery life in the cost of increased latency. Since M2M requirements are more towards low throughput and low latency applications, it is necessary to investigate the performance of commercial LTE network in terms of latency. This paper presents the results of a latency measurement campaign done in commercial LTE networks in different coverage conditions. This paper is expected to provide utility companies a foresight about the feasibility of the public LTE networks to support delay sensitive applications. Moreover, necessary optimizations required from network operator side to support M2M applications are also discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124517638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231230
Visnja Krizanovic Cik, D. Zagar, K. Grgic
In this paper, wireless deployment scenarios for network operators delivering broadband Internet access in underserved rural areas lacking adequate basic PSTN network infrastructure are examined. Considering the defined operators' broadband coverage targets, the existing national regulatory demands and the EU initiatives engaged in a Digital divide reduction, further deployment of broadband access solutions in underserved rural communities is required. The conducted analyses in this paper prove that the implementation of small cells represents an adequate techno-economic solution for providing broadband access in underserved low populated rural areas lacking PSTN network infrastructure. Furthermore, several access solutions for deploying small cell networks in these areas are analysed. Finally, critical aspects of the analysed small cell scenarios' business cases are defined.
{"title":"Optimised broadband Internet access solutions for digital inclusion of small rural communities","authors":"Visnja Krizanovic Cik, D. Zagar, K. Grgic","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231230","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, wireless deployment scenarios for network operators delivering broadband Internet access in underserved rural areas lacking adequate basic PSTN network infrastructure are examined. Considering the defined operators' broadband coverage targets, the existing national regulatory demands and the EU initiatives engaged in a Digital divide reduction, further deployment of broadband access solutions in underserved rural communities is required. The conducted analyses in this paper prove that the implementation of small cells represents an adequate techno-economic solution for providing broadband access in underserved low populated rural areas lacking PSTN network infrastructure. Furthermore, several access solutions for deploying small cell networks in these areas are analysed. Finally, critical aspects of the analysed small cell scenarios' business cases are defined.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130603900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231196
J. Poliak, D. Giggenbach, F. Moll, F. Rein, C. Fuchs, R. M. Calvo
The paper presents an experimental testbed, which will be used for the demonstration of more than 1 Tbps free-space optical (FSO) transmission in a scenario similar to that of GEO uplink. The chosen terrestrial scenario corresponds to worst-case conditions of a GEO uplink scenario according to the atmospheric channel characteristics and the geometry of the scenario. The testbed consists of a DWDM-based FSO link over 26km distance with less than 2° elevation. The communications system consists of several DWDM transmitters, which are multiplexed, amplified and transmitted in a single FSO channel. The transmitter as well as the receiver will be pointed and tracked by a high-precision fine-pointing mechanism. The state of the atmospheric transmission media will be monitored in realtime, allowing us to deepen our understanding of the optical satellite uplink transmission.
{"title":"Terabit-throughput GEO satellite optical feeder link testbed","authors":"J. Poliak, D. Giggenbach, F. Moll, F. Rein, C. Fuchs, R. M. Calvo","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231196","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an experimental testbed, which will be used for the demonstration of more than 1 Tbps free-space optical (FSO) transmission in a scenario similar to that of GEO uplink. The chosen terrestrial scenario corresponds to worst-case conditions of a GEO uplink scenario according to the atmospheric channel characteristics and the geometry of the scenario. The testbed consists of a DWDM-based FSO link over 26km distance with less than 2° elevation. The communications system consists of several DWDM transmitters, which are multiplexed, amplified and transmitted in a single FSO channel. The transmitter as well as the receiver will be pointed and tracked by a high-precision fine-pointing mechanism. The state of the atmospheric transmission media will be monitored in realtime, allowing us to deepen our understanding of the optical satellite uplink transmission.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129633788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231201
Stephan Bernhart, G. Hofbauer, Ulrich Feichter, E. Leitgeb
In this article the first complete 1,090 MHz SSR receiving and precision time of arrival (TOA) estimation station field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation and its analog electronic front-end is presented. The station is designed for local area multilateration (LAM), wide area multilateration (WAM) and automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) systems. Furthermore it's fully international civil aviation organization (ICAO) annex X volume IV [1], ED-117 [2] and ED-142 [3] compliant. The station consists principally of an antenna, an analog front-end, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a FPGA and a system-on-chip (SoC) microcomputer. The secondary surveillance radar (SSR) signals are received with a low loss half-wave vertical dipole antenna, amplified and then down-converted with the analog front-end, digitalized with the ADCs and finally demodulated, decoded and TOA estimated with the FPGA implementation. The microcomputer's scope is to emit the decoded and TOA estimated SSR signals and its monitoring information over the network to the central processing station (CPS). To achieve high position accuracy the system's clock reference is locked to an oven controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO) with an optional global position system (GPS) correction. The presented architecture is capable of time stamping with a resolution of 40 ps and an RMS accuracy of 1.5 ns, which corresponds to a distance accuracy of 0.3 m.
{"title":"FPGA implementation of a 1,090 MHz SSR receiving and precision TOA estimation station","authors":"Stephan Bernhart, G. Hofbauer, Ulrich Feichter, E. Leitgeb","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231201","url":null,"abstract":"In this article the first complete 1,090 MHz SSR receiving and precision time of arrival (TOA) estimation station field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation and its analog electronic front-end is presented. The station is designed for local area multilateration (LAM), wide area multilateration (WAM) and automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) systems. Furthermore it's fully international civil aviation organization (ICAO) annex X volume IV [1], ED-117 [2] and ED-142 [3] compliant. The station consists principally of an antenna, an analog front-end, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a FPGA and a system-on-chip (SoC) microcomputer. The secondary surveillance radar (SSR) signals are received with a low loss half-wave vertical dipole antenna, amplified and then down-converted with the analog front-end, digitalized with the ADCs and finally demodulated, decoded and TOA estimated with the FPGA implementation. The microcomputer's scope is to emit the decoded and TOA estimated SSR signals and its monitoring information over the network to the central processing station (CPS). To achieve high position accuracy the system's clock reference is locked to an oven controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO) with an optional global position system (GPS) correction. The presented architecture is capable of time stamping with a resolution of 40 ps and an RMS accuracy of 1.5 ns, which corresponds to a distance accuracy of 0.3 m.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130540860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231212
Stephan Wirsing, P. Reichl
Recently, Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) and Cognitive Radio (CR) have received increasing interest from the research community, raising high expectations related to spectrum sharing between mobile operators or exploiting white spaces (e.g. fixed wireless access in rural areas through the usage of locally unused TV spectrum). In this paper, we discuss the key challenges arising from the integration of DSA into the current spectrum management paradigm, usually relying on a "command and control" assignment approach by national regulators. In particular, we focus on the consequences for the spectrum licensing procedures, typically laid down in the national telecommunications law. This enables a more general view on DSA and the challenge of integrating different types of applications into a heterogeneous dynamic spectrum management framework, and hence its application to larger spectrum portions. In order to apply dynamic spectrum usage also for a broader range of applications (e.g. Mobile Communications, PPDR, PMSE, or Broadcasting), it will be necessary to redefine basic concepts of licensing, for instance in order to create a permanent possibility for new entrants to acquire licenses for different kinds of usage, or to allow for new applications which might erode existing equilibria.
{"title":"Dynamic spectrum access and the current spectrum management paradigm: On the challenges of dynamic licensing","authors":"Stephan Wirsing, P. Reichl","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231212","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) and Cognitive Radio (CR) have received increasing interest from the research community, raising high expectations related to spectrum sharing between mobile operators or exploiting white spaces (e.g. fixed wireless access in rural areas through the usage of locally unused TV spectrum). In this paper, we discuss the key challenges arising from the integration of DSA into the current spectrum management paradigm, usually relying on a \"command and control\" assignment approach by national regulators. In particular, we focus on the consequences for the spectrum licensing procedures, typically laid down in the national telecommunications law. This enables a more general view on DSA and the challenge of integrating different types of applications into a heterogeneous dynamic spectrum management framework, and hence its application to larger spectrum portions. In order to apply dynamic spectrum usage also for a broader range of applications (e.g. Mobile Communications, PPDR, PMSE, or Broadcasting), it will be necessary to redefine basic concepts of licensing, for instance in order to create a permanent possibility for new entrants to acquire licenses for different kinds of usage, or to allow for new applications which might erode existing equilibria.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126059410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231211
Max E. Dingler, Christian Dietz, Jonas H. Pfeiffer, Tobias Lüddemann, T. Lüth
A vast amount of international research projects has recently been dealing with the development of an open communication standard to enhance medical device interoperability. Most approaches target a service oriented architecture based on Ethernet bus systems. Medical devices are connected to the bus and provide or consume data and applications via so-called services. For automatic discovery of device services within the network, devices possess self-descriptions (profiles) that specify the services offered by the device. These profiles are based on the international standard ISO/IEEE 11073. This article proposes a method to automatically document and test the compatibility of data in medical device networks based on their profiles. Using the new method, the time it takes to test compatibility can be significantly reduced.
{"title":"A framework for automatic testing of medical device compatibility","authors":"Max E. Dingler, Christian Dietz, Jonas H. Pfeiffer, Tobias Lüddemann, T. Lüth","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231211","url":null,"abstract":"A vast amount of international research projects has recently been dealing with the development of an open communication standard to enhance medical device interoperability. Most approaches target a service oriented architecture based on Ethernet bus systems. Medical devices are connected to the bus and provide or consume data and applications via so-called services. For automatic discovery of device services within the network, devices possess self-descriptions (profiles) that specify the services offered by the device. These profiles are based on the international standard ISO/IEEE 11073. This article proposes a method to automatically document and test the compatibility of data in medical device networks based on their profiles. Using the new method, the time it takes to test compatibility can be significantly reduced.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124668799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231226
S. Patanjali, B. Truninger, P. Harsh, T. Bohnert
In the present days of rapid adoption of cloud services and varying cost models it is imperative to have a system which converts the cloud resource usage data into a measurable and payable cost. The system should be able to collect the cloud resource usage data, process it against a dynamically determined rate to get a charge for which the customer could be billed upon. These operations need to be done in a secured manner with appropriate authentication and authorization checks. As the cloud services are still evolving, the rating, charging and billing components for cloud are at a nascent stage of its maturity. In this paper we are describing a novel modular and micro services based design & architecture for developing a dynamic rating, charging and billing for cloud service providers with emphasis being given to the validation of the architecture through mathematical modeling and the implementation experience of the micro services.
{"title":"CYCLOPS: A micro service based approach for dynamic rating, charging & billing for cloud","authors":"S. Patanjali, B. Truninger, P. Harsh, T. Bohnert","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231226","url":null,"abstract":"In the present days of rapid adoption of cloud services and varying cost models it is imperative to have a system which converts the cloud resource usage data into a measurable and payable cost. The system should be able to collect the cloud resource usage data, process it against a dynamically determined rate to get a charge for which the customer could be billed upon. These operations need to be done in a secured manner with appropriate authentication and authorization checks. As the cloud services are still evolving, the rating, charging and billing components for cloud are at a nascent stage of its maturity. In this paper we are describing a novel modular and micro services based design & architecture for developing a dynamic rating, charging and billing for cloud service providers with emphasis being given to the validation of the architecture through mathematical modeling and the implementation experience of the micro services.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"47 48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121342719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-13DOI: 10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231200
Po-Chung Hsiao, Ying-Tsung Lin, Sau-Gee Chen
This work proposes a systematic algorithm to build up a spacing-constrained non-uniform linear array (NLA) configuration. Obtainable DoF due to the proposed algorithm can have much better performance than existing NLA configurations. By further applying spatial smoothing and array interpolation techniques, performance indices, such as number of incident signal (NIS) detection and direction of arrival (DoA) estimation, of an antenna array are also demonstrated to be significantly enhanced. In addition, simulation results also illustrate that beamforming techniques based on the proposed NLA configurations can provide much better signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) to a wireless communication system than existing NLA approaches.
{"title":"An efficient searching algorithm for high DoF non-uniform linear antenna array with constrained spacing","authors":"Po-Chung Hsiao, Ying-Tsung Lin, Sau-Gee Chen","doi":"10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ConTEL.2015.7231200","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes a systematic algorithm to build up a spacing-constrained non-uniform linear array (NLA) configuration. Obtainable DoF due to the proposed algorithm can have much better performance than existing NLA configurations. By further applying spatial smoothing and array interpolation techniques, performance indices, such as number of incident signal (NIS) detection and direction of arrival (DoA) estimation, of an antenna array are also demonstrated to be significantly enhanced. In addition, simulation results also illustrate that beamforming techniques based on the proposed NLA configurations can provide much better signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) to a wireless communication system than existing NLA approaches.","PeriodicalId":134613,"journal":{"name":"2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123337933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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