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Effect of Sowing dates in Cucumber on Incidence of thrips tabaci (Lindeman) 黄瓜播种期对蓟马(林德曼)发生率的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1361
A. Wahsh, Samir S. Awadalla, Hala A. K. El-Serfi, Magdy A. El-Hariry
Experiments were conducted in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt to evaluate the impact of sowing dates on onion thrips Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) that attack cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The study spanned two consecutive years (2018 and 2019) and involved three planting dates: March, August, and October. Weekly thrips counts were recorded and compared across the different planting dates. According to the results, T. tabaci nymphs recorded maximum incidence in March sowing date and amounted to 118.5± 19.79 and 79.6± 18.99 individuals/ sample. While cucumber crop in October sowing date hosted the lowest number of T. tabaci nymphs amounted to 34.1± 7.38 and 29.5± 7.57 individuals/sample. Temperature and population of T. tabaci nymphs correlated significantly in August and October cucumber plantations.
在埃及法尤姆省进行了一项实验,以评估播种日期对侵害黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)的洋葱蓟马(Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) )的影响。该研究连续进行了两年(2018 年和 2019 年),涉及三个播种日期:分别为 3 月、8 月和 10 月。研究人员记录了每周的蓟马数量,并对不同种植日期的蓟马数量进行了比较。结果显示,3 月播种期蓟马若虫发生率最高,分别为 118.5±19.79 和 79.6±18.99 个/样本。而在 10 月播种的黄瓜中,塔巴奇若虫的数量最少,分别为 34.1±7.38 和 29.5±7.57 个/样本。8 月和 10 月黄瓜种植园的温度与塔巴茨若虫数量呈显著正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Soil Arthropod Diversity, Richness and Abundance in Agricultural Ecosystems 农业生态系统中土壤节肢动物的多样性、丰富度和丰度
Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1382
G. Deepika, N. Kennedy, I. Longkumer
Soil arthropods play a crucial role in an ecosystem and act as predators, pollinators, parasitoids, herbivores and decomposers. Arthropods are used as biological indicators for agroecosytem integrity. In the present study a total of 1914 species was recorded. Class Arachnida, Insecta and Crustaceans were found. Class Entognatha and Chilopoda were the others recorded. Family Paronellidae from Entognatha, Scarabaeidae from Insecta and Lycosidae from Arachnida revealed highest number of individual species of 189, 114 and 132, respectively. In Chilopoda and Crustacea a total number of 63 and 138 species were recorded. Highest value of Shannon Weiner index 3.12 at familial species and 3.44 at species level and Simpson’s index of 20.03 and 25.71 at familial level and species level, respectively was recorded during November.
土壤节肢动物在生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用,它们是捕食者、授粉者、寄生虫、食草动物和分解者。节肢动物被用作农业生态系统完整性的生物指标。本研究共记录了 1914 个物种。其中包括蛛形纲、昆虫纲和甲壳纲。记录到的其他种类为 Entognatha 类和 Chilopoda 类。昆虫纲中的伞形科(Paronellidae)、昆虫纲中的鞘翅目(Scarabaeidae)和蛛形纲中的鳞翅目(Lycosidae)的物种数量最多,分别为 189、114 和 132 种。在脊索动物门和甲壳动物门中,分别记录了 63 和 138 个物种。在 11 月份,记录到的最高香农韦纳指数在科级物种中为 3.12,在种级物种中为 3.44,辛普森指数在科级物种中为 20.03,在种级物种中为 25.71。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging Pest Problems in Exotic Olive and Grower Specific IPM Modules for Jammu and Kashmir 外来橄榄中新出现的虫害问题以及查谟和克什米尔地区针对种植者的 IPM 模块
Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.730
Gupta R K, Bali K, Mohd Monobrullah, Shafiya Rashid
About 34 insect species were found infesting olive orchards in UT of J&K Among them, olive psylla, Euphyllura pakistanica; olive black scale, Saissetia olea and tinged bug, Eteoneus sp. sigilatus Drake caused serious damage. The avoidable yield losses caused by all the pest species were 33 to 53%. On the basis of various field trials conducted neem insecticidal soap (NIS @ 2.5 %) and horticultural mineral oil (HP spray oil 2% of solution) were found effective against major pests. In case of severe infestation imidacloprid (17.8 SL) a.i. 0.075 % and cartap hydrochloride 4G @ 100g/ tree resulted in their efficient suppression. As such these treatments were incorporated in grower specific IPM modules evaluated for two years. Amongst the tested modules, integrated module (M1) followed by pesticide module (M3) were found most effective. However, for resource poor farmers and non-disruptive cultural module M1 and organic growers M2 could be alternatively practiced. It was concluded that for scale and psyllids, the insecticide protection is necessary but the infestation by lace bug could be managed by non-disruptive methods.
在查谟和克什米尔联邦直辖区的橄榄果园中发现了约 34 种虫害,其中橄榄蚜(Euphyllura pakistanica)、橄榄黑鳞(Saissetia olea)和绒毛虫(Eteoneus sp. sigilatus Drake)造成了严重破坏。所有害虫种类造成的可避免的产量损失为 33%至 53%。根据各种田间试验,印楝杀虫皂(NIS @ 2.5 %)和园艺矿物油(HP 喷雾油 2 % 溶液)对主要害虫有效。在虫害严重的情况下,0.075 % 的吡虫啉(17.8 SL)和 4G @ 100 克/棵的盐酸克螨特可有效抑制虫害。因此,这些处理方法被纳入种植者特定的 IPM 模块中,进行了为期两年的评估。在测试的模块中,综合模块(M1)最有效,其次是杀虫剂模块(M3)。不过,对于资源贫乏的农民和非破坏性的文化模块 M1 和有机种植者 M2 可以替代使用。结论是,对于鳞翅目和牛皮蝉,杀虫剂保护是必要的,但花边蝽的侵扰可以通过非破坏性方法进行管理。
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引用次数: 0
Incidence of Sapota Seed Borer Trymalitis margarias Meyrick and its Management 萨波塔种子钻心虫 Trymalitis margarias Meyrick 的发生率及其管理
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1247
Bharati Jambunatha Patil, Suchithra Kumari M H
A study on the incidence and management of sapota seed borer Trymalitis margarias Meyrick was conducted from 2019 to 2020 in Mudigere. The varietal screening experiment revealed that PKM-1 was the least susceptible variety with 4.58% fruit damage followed by DSH-1 (9.79%) while Kalipatti was found to be highly susceptible (18.76%). The highest parasitisation by the larval parasitoid, Bracon sp. was seen in Kalipatti i.e., 28.13% while the least was observed in PKM-1 (7.29%). Among the insecticides screened against T. margarias from two sprays, profenophos 50EC (0.13 larvae/ fruit and 9.72% fruit damage) and novaluron 10EC (0.19 larvae/ fruit and 13.43% fruit damage) performed very well over standard check deltamethrin 2.8EC (0.3 larvae/ fruit and 22.22% fruit damage) in minimizing the infestation. Further, the highest fruit yield and the cost-benefit ratios were documented in novaluron 10EC (7.37 t/ ha and 1: 2.96).
2019 年至 2020 年,在穆迪格雷开展了一项关于萨波塔种虫 Trymalitis margarias Meyrick 的发病率和管理的研究。品种筛选实验表明,PKM-1 是最不感病的品种,果实受害率为 4.58%,其次是 DSH-1(9.79%),而 Kalipatti 则是高感病品种(18.76%)。幼虫寄生虫 Bracon sp. 在 Kalipatti 的寄生率最高,为 28.13%,而在 PKM-1 的寄生率最低(7.29%)。在两次喷洒的杀虫剂中,丙溴磷 50EC(0.13 头幼虫/果实,9.72%的果实受害率)和诺伐隆 10EC(0.19 头幼虫/果实,13.43%的果实受害率)在减少玛格丽特虫害方面的表现优于标准杀虫剂溴氰菊酯 2.8EC(0.3 头幼虫/果实,22.22%的果实受害率)。此外,诺氟隆 10EC 的果实产量和成本效益比最高(7.37 吨/公顷和 1:2.96)。
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引用次数: 0
Growth Inhibitory Activity of Annona squamosa against Polyphagous Pest Spodoptera litura (F) 黄花葵对多食性害虫 Spodoptera litura(F)的生长抑制活性
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1313
R. Muthu, R. Vishnupriya, S. Jeyarajan Nelson, D. Uma, V. P. SanthanaKrishnan
The present study was conducted to evaluate the insect growth inhibitory effect of seed extract of the medicinal plant, Annona squamosa L. against Spodoptera litura F., under laboratory conditions. The four solvent seed extracts of A. squamosa namely, methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroform at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5% concentrations were tested against third instar larvae of S. litura. The results showed that, among the four solvent extracts, methanol solvent extracts of A. squamosa at 2% and 2.5% concentration was found to be effective. It has been observed that methanol extract at 2.5% resulted in 97.5% mortality with no malformations in the developmental stages. The result indicated that the response of larval mortality and deformities in the developmental stages was dose dependent.
本研究旨在实验室条件下评估药用植物鹅掌楸(Annona squamosa L.)种子萃取物对斑翅虫(Spodoptera litura F.)的昆虫生长抑制作用。研究人员分别用浓度为 0.5%、1%、1.5%、2% 和 2.5% 的四种药用植物种子提取物(甲醇、乙酸乙酯、正己烷和氯仿)对鞘翅目鳞翅目幼虫的三龄幼虫进行了测试。结果表明,在四种溶剂萃取物中,浓度为 2% 和 2.5% 的鳞栉水母甲醇溶剂萃取物有效。据观察,2.5% 的甲醇提取物可导致 97.5% 的死亡率,且在发育阶段不会出现畸形。结果表明,幼虫死亡率和发育阶段的畸形率与剂量有关。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Juvenile Hormone agonist on the Accessory Sex Glands of Male Spodoptera mauritia Boisd 幼年激素激动剂对雄性毛翅虫附属性腺的影响
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1120
Thanuja A Mathew
Low concentration of pyriproxyfen, the juvenile hormone agonist dissolved in acetone was topically applied on the abdomen of the day 0 pupae (tanned) of male Spodoptera mauritia (Boisd) which is a sporadic pest of paddy to study its effects on the accessory sex glands (ASGs). The ultrastructure of the ASGs dissected out on day 6 appeared non- functional with degenerated epithelium showing large empty spaces, dense granules, condensed chromatin clumps, reduced number of RER and mitochondria in contrast to that of the control.
将溶于丙酮的低浓度吡丙醚(幼虫激素激动剂)局部施用在水稻零星害虫雄性毛翅虫(Spodoptera mauritia,Boisd)第 0 天蛹的腹部,以研究其对附属性腺(ASGs)的影响。与对照组相比,第 6 天解剖的附属性腺的超微结构表现为上皮细胞退化,出现大的空隙、致密的颗粒、凝结的染色质团块、RER 和线粒体数量减少。
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引用次数: 0
Biology of Pieris brassicae (L.) on Cauliflower 黄花菜上黄刺茧蜂的生物学特性
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1060
D. Shikha, S. K. Kataria, R. S. Chandi
Biology of Pieris brassicae (L.) was studied on cauliflower under screen house conditions on main and late season crops during 2021-22 in PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab. The total lifecycle was maximum for both male (50.11± 1.30) and female (52.24± 1.27) in the main season crop and minimum in the late season crop. Survival was maximum (27.67± 0.04%) in main season crop than (25.4± 0.06) in late season crop due to colder climatic conditions. The maximum growth index was observed in late season crop (1.54± 0.14) as compared to main season crop (1.13± 0.09) which indicated that P. brassicae developed better on late season crops.
2021-22 年期间,在旁遮普省卢迪亚纳的 PAU,对筛选室条件下花椰菜主季和晚季作物上的黄刺皮虫(Pieris brassicae (L.))生物学进行了研究。在主季作物上,雄虫(50.11± 1.30)和雌虫(52.24± 1.27)的总生命周期最大,而在晚季作物上最小。由于气候条件较冷,主季作物的存活率最高(27.67± 0.04%),晚季作物的存活率最低(25.4± 0.06)。与主季作物(1.13± 0.09)相比,晚季作物的生长指数最大(1.54± 0.14),这表明黄铜穗螨在晚季作物上发育得更好。
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引用次数: 0
Nesting Etiquacy of Stingless Bee Tetragonula “Iridipennis” Species Group 无巢蜂 "鸢尾 "物种群的筑巢习性
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1250
B. Saaivignesh, S. Manickavasagam, Banujaa
In this study a total of 42 feral colonies of Tetragonula “iridipennis” were domesticated and observed for their nesting behaviour in feral nest and also in hive. Observation on the nesting behaviour revealed that, they generally inhabit old mud and stone walls, and the shape and colour of nest entrance were predominantly elliptical and black, respectively. The length and width of the entrance tube ranged between 9-13 and 3-9 mm, respectively on different substrata. The external and internal tunnel length ranged between 0-18 and 3-156 mm, respectively. The orientation of hive entrance was mainly towards northeast and east. Number of brood pots constructed/ batch and time required for a worker to construct the single brood pot were recorded.
在这项研究中,共驯化了42个野外 "虹鳟鱼 "群落,并观察了它们在野外巢穴和蜂巢中的筑巢行为。对筑巢行为的观察表明,它们一般栖息在旧泥墙和石墙上,巢穴入口的形状和颜色分别以椭圆形和黑色为主。在不同的基质上,入口管的长度和宽度分别为 9-13 毫米和 3-9 毫米。外部和内部通道长度分别为 0-18 毫米和 3-156 毫米。蜂巢入口的朝向主要是东北方向和东方向。记录了每批建造的育雏盆数和工蜂建造一个育雏盆所需的时间。
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引用次数: 0
Collodial Chitin Synthesised from Marine Waste as Novel Ecofriendly Antifeedant for the Fall Army Worm Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) 利用海洋废弃物合成的胶状甲壳素作为新型生态友好型抗倒伏蠕虫 Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) 的抑制剂
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1238
Moorthy A V, Shanthi M, Selva Rani S
Colloidal chitin is a natural compound shown to have antifeedant activity against insects. In this study, the antifeedant activity of colloidal chitin was investigated against the first instar larva of Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith). The results showed that colloidal chitin had antifeedant activity, with the highest activity observed at 7% concentration. The antifeedant effect was enhanced with increase in concentration and also with increase in time after treatment. Specifically, colloidal chitin 7% showed 90.43% antifeedant effect after 72 hr of treatment, followed by 87.43 and 81.76% after 48 hr and 24 hr of treatment, respectively. The results suggest that colloidal chitin could be a potential candidate for use as an insect repellent or pesticide.
胶体几丁质是一种天然化合物,已被证明对昆虫具有驱虫活性。在这项研究中,研究了胶体几丁质对蚜虫 Spodoptera frugiperda(J E Smith)初龄幼虫的驱虫活性。结果表明,胶体几丁质具有抗飞虱活性,浓度为 7% 时活性最高。随着浓度的增加和处理后时间的延长,抗飞虱效果增强。具体来说,7%的胶体几丁质在处理 72 小时后显示出 90.43%的抗食蚜蝇效果,随后在处理 48 小时和 24 小时后分别显示出 87.43%和 81.76%的抗食蚜蝇效果。结果表明,胶体几丁质有可能被用作驱虫剂或杀虫剂。
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引用次数: 0
Biochemical Basis of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Native Isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin from Kerala 喀拉拉邦 Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin 本地分离株耐受非生物压力的生化基础
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.55446/ije.2023.1288
Nimisha T, D. K. B., Haseena Bhaskar, M. Chellappan
A study on the screening of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin native isolates for abiotic stress tolerance was carried out at the Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala during 2019-2023. The growth and biochemical parameters of the three native isolates of B. bassiana (BTL1: OP271760, BTL2: OP290199 and PKDE: OP292066) were studied under different abiotic stress conditions viz., temperature, water stress, acidity and salinity. The results revealed that the highest temperature tolerance (40° C) was displayed by the B. bassiana isolate PKDE. It also survived at high water stress (45% polyethylene glycol), acidic (pH2) and saline (1.5 M) conditions. The analysis of biochemical parameters in stress tolerant isolate revealed that the greatest levels of trehalose (2.033± 0.025, 2.043± 0.006 mg/ min/ g of mycelia), catalase (0.0072± 0.007, 0.0032± 0.003 EU/ min/ mg protein) and peroxidase (0.0602± 0.005, 0.0175± 0.017 EU/ min/ mg tissue weight) were observed after exposure to high temperature and water stress, respectively. This shows that exposure to abioticstress and biochemical parameters are closely related and can be used as determinants for evaluating the potential of biocontrol agents.
2019-2023年期间,喀拉拉邦Thrissur的Vellanikkara农业学院农业昆虫学系开展了一项关于Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin本地分离株对非生物胁迫耐受性的筛选研究。在不同的非生物胁迫条件下,即温度、水胁迫、酸度和盐度条件下,研究了 B. bassiana 的三个本地分离株(BTL1:OP271760、BTL2:OP290199 和 PKDE:OP292066)的生长和生化参数。结果表明,B. bassiana 分离物 PKDE 的耐温性最高(40° C)。它还能在高水压(45% 聚乙二醇)、酸性(pH2)和盐度(1.5 M)条件下存活。对耐受胁迫的分离株的生化参数分析表明,暴露于高温和水胁迫后,其三卤素(2.033± 0.025、2.043± 0.006 mg/分钟/克菌丝体)、过氧化氢酶(0.0072± 0.007、0.0032± 0.003 EU/分钟/毫克蛋白质)和过氧化物酶(0.0602± 0.005、0.0175± 0.017 EU/分钟/毫克组织重量)的含量分别最高。这表明,暴露于非生物胁迫与生化参数密切相关,可用作评估生物控制剂潜力的决定因素。
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引用次数: 0
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Indian journal of entomology
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